Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)最新文献_第3页

Understanding Professional Designers’ Knowledge Organization Behavior: A Case Study in Product Teardowns 理解专业设计师的知识组织行为:以产品拆解为例

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-68589

Ye Wang, Daniele Grandi, Dixun Cui, V. Rao, K. Goucher-Lambert

{"title":"Understanding Professional Designers’ Knowledge Organization Behavior: A Case Study in Product Teardowns","authors":"Ye Wang, Daniele Grandi, Dixun Cui, V. Rao, K. Goucher-Lambert","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-68589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-68589","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Knowledge organization is an essential component of engineering design, and a deeper understanding of how designers organize knowledge could enable more effective insights in support of the design process. To explore this, we examine 23 professional designers’ knowledge organization practices as they virtually engage with data collected during a teardown of a consumer product. Designers organized this data by forming groups of related data, nesting subgroups of data within groups, and creating directional links between groups of data and individual data. Our results indicate three insights about how designers organize and acquire knowledge from product teardowns. First, we observe that while designers find grouping data to be more effective for learning, linking proved more helpful for knowledge transfer. Second, we find that designers employ links between data much more frequently than they do nests, and that links primarily serve to identify trade-offs, requirements, and opportunities for team collaboration. Finally, a graph analysis indicates that design features, product housing, cost, and manufacturing coexist as separate but central groups in designers’ knowledge organization, reflecting the diversity of perspectives on knowledge organization emergent in a constrained teardown activity. These findings provide insight into professional designers’ knowledge organization practices, and represent a preliminary step toward design knowledge bases that more accurately reflect designer behavior, ultimately enabling more effective data-driven support tools for design.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121487124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Investigating Mind-Mapping as a Tool for Problem Exploration in Early Design 探讨思维导图在早期设计中作为问题探索工具的作用

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-71750

Ting-Ju Chen, S. Vyas, Vinayak R. Krishnamurthy

{"title":"Investigating Mind-Mapping as a Tool for Problem Exploration in Early Design","authors":"Ting-Ju Chen, S. Vyas, Vinayak R. Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-71750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71750","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We present an experiment to study the role of mind-mapping as a tool for design opportunity identification and problem understanding. Our goal is to investigate how the quality of design opportunity statements change with two different techniques, namely, mind-mapping and free writing. Identifying design opportunities is an important step in new product development and little is currently understood in terms of what tools can provide cognitive support for problem clarification. In this work, we focus on mind-mapping as one example of a potential tool for providing such support. Mind-maps are well-known for their ability to enable the exploration of ideas in an unconstrained and structured way. To study their role in helping problem exploration, we conducted a between-subject user study with 28 participants to investigate how information structure and organization affect the exploration of ideas in a given design context. Further, we propose new evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess key elements presented in the design opportunity statements generated after exploring the problem domain. We report on the quantitative results, the exploration behaviors, and the general user feedback about the experience. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings on design problem identification and future digital mind-mapping tools for exploratory tasks.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131777502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human-Centric Design Requirements and Challenges for Enabling Human-AI Interaction in Engineering Design: An Interview Study 在工程设计中实现人机交互的以人为中心的设计需求和挑战:一项访谈研究

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-69809

Murtuza N. Shergadwala, Magy Seif El-Nasr

{"title":"Human-Centric Design Requirements and Challenges for Enabling Human-AI Interaction in Engineering Design: An Interview Study","authors":"Murtuza N. Shergadwala, Magy Seif El-Nasr","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-69809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-69809","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 AI technologies are enabling the development of not only active tools that provide decision-support, but also interactive tools that seek human input and feedback. As interactive tools facilitate human-AI interaction, their design needs to be informed by human-centric requirements, that is, the needs of the users of such tools. In the context of engineering design, there is a gap in our understanding of designing intelligent tools that facilitate human-AI interaction. To fill this gap, the research question of this study is, What are the human-centric design requirements for the design of AI agents to enable human-AI interaction in engineering design contexts? To answer this question, we conducted an interview study with faculty members in engineering design. The faculty predominantly discussed engineers, designers, and engineering design students as the potential stakeholders who would directly benefit from human-AI interaction. For such stakeholders, we identify several human-centric design requirements and challenges in designing AI tools that facilitate human-AI interaction in engineering design. We find that the requirements focused on the need to understand the stakeholders’ cognition and the engineering design contexts. The results of our study point to the need for the theory of mind in AI agents to enable them to infer stakeholder preferences while engaging in engineering design activities.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128555922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Exploring the Effects of Individual Differences in Function Structure Modeling Behaviors 探讨个体差异对功能结构建模行为的影响

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-71827

Apurva Patel, J. Summers

{"title":"Exploring the Effects of Individual Differences in Function Structure Modeling Behaviors","authors":"Apurva Patel, J. Summers","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-71827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71827","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper presents an exploratory study conducted to understand the role of individual differences between designers in the function modeling process and with respect to final models. An input-process-output framework of function modeling is proposed to systematically approach this theory building and discovery research study. Four measures of individual differences are identified of interest. These include the systemizing quotient, goal orientation, risk propensity, and concept design thinking style. Each metric is composed of multiple items that can be assessed through survey instruments. A previously developed protocol study is used to capture function modeling behaviors and a final function structure model. Data collected from the survey instruments and protocol study is processed to generate input, process, and output measures. A regression-based analysis is used to identify correlations in three groups: input-process, input-output, and process-output. Potential correlations of interest are identified within each group. Implications of these correlations are discussed from a function structure modeling perspective and hypotheses for future research are identified based on the patterns observed in this study. Three testable hypotheses are proposed for future investigation: (1) Goal orientation has no effect on activity distribution in the function modeling process, (2) Thinking style has no effect on the function modeling process, and (3) Risk propensity has no effect on element distribution in the function modeling process. Finally, an anticipated experiment is outlined to investigate one of the potential relationships discovered in this study.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123948405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Transformation Design Principles as Enablers for Designing Reconfigurable Robots 作为可重构机器人设计推动者的转换设计原则

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-69373

M. Kalimuthu, A. A. Hayat, M. R. Elara, K. Wood

{"title":"Transformation Design Principles as Enablers for Designing Reconfigurable Robots","authors":"M. Kalimuthu, A. A. Hayat, M. R. Elara, K. Wood","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-69373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-69373","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The design of cleaning and maintenance (CaM) robots are generally limited by their fixed morphologies. Contrary to the fixed robotic systems, design for reconfiguration in robots presents unique challenges. Reconfigurable robots pose the challenge of designing their subsystems and functionalities such that a robot meets its system, performance, and other fixed requirements, while providing reconfiguration capabilities to increase functionality and to provide innovative operational scenarios. Established transformation or reconfiguration principles, namely, expand/collapse, expose/cover, and fuse/divide, observed in several products-services-systems, can be adopted to design subsystems and system for reconfiguration in robots. Essentially these principles in many robots may be governed and implemented. The heuristic approach to design the reconfigurable robotic systems using three layers namely input, formulation and output layer is proposed. This paper used the design principles and associated facilitators and abstracts them to build a reconfigurable pavement cleaning robot named Panthera. Moreover, need, challenges, and design strategies for system and subsystem levels are presented. The system-level reconfiguration is to expand/collapse, whereas the subsystems, namely, i) Varying footprint, ii) Transmission, iii) Storage bin, iv) Cleaning brushes, v) Vacuum/Suction and blowing, and vi) Outer skin or cover are explained. The step-by-step illustration for reconfiguring the system and subsystem of Panthera is done by referring to the transformation principles, precedence, and mechanism adopted to achieve reconfiguration requirements.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129003280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Exploration of the Dynamics of Neuro-Cognition During TRIZ TRIZ过程中神经认知动力学的探索

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-70412

J. Milovanovic, Mo Hu, Tripp Shealy, J. Gero

{"title":"Exploration of the Dynamics of Neuro-Cognition During TRIZ","authors":"J. Milovanovic, Mo Hu, Tripp Shealy, J. Gero","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-70412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70412","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) method and toolkit provides a well-structured approach to support engineering design with pre-defined steps: interpret and define the problem, search for standard engineering parameters, search for inventive principles to adapt, and generate final solutions. The research presented in this paper explores the neuro-cognitive differences of each of these steps. We measured the neuro-cognitive activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of 30 engineering students. Neuro-cognitive activation was recorded while students completed an engineering design task. The results show a varying activation pattern. When interpreting and defining the problem, higher activation is found in the left PFC, generally associated with goal directed planning and making analytical. Neuro-cognitive activation shifts to the right PFC during the search process, a region usually involved in exploring the problem space. During solution generation more activation occurs in the medial PFC, a region generally related to making associations. The findings offer new insights and evidence explaining the dynamic neuro-cognitive activations when using TRIZ in engineering design.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115253944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Manufacturing Fixation in Design: Exploring the Effects of Manufacturing Assumptions on Design Ideas 设计中的制造固定:探索制造假设对设计思想的影响

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-70361

J. Brennan, William B. Miney, T. Simpson, K. Jablokow

{"title":"Manufacturing Fixation in Design: Exploring the Effects of Manufacturing Assumptions on Design Ideas","authors":"J. Brennan, William B. Miney, T. Simpson, K. Jablokow","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-70361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70361","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Designing successfully for any new or unfamiliar manufacturing technology requires an ability to look beyond the manufacturing limitations that have constrained one’s design ideas in the past. However, potential cognitive bias or fixation on familiar manufacturing processes may make this a challenge for designers. In this paper we introduce the novel concept of Manufacturing Fixation in Design (MFD), which we define as unconscious and often unintentional adherence to a limited set of manufacturing processes and/or constraints and capabilities during the design ideation process. This concept is explored as a subset of design fixation, a cognitive bias often experienced by designers and engineers. After reviewing related literature in design fixation, we introduce MFD as a type of design fixation and explore ways in which fixation on manufacturing might be assessed. We then offer an exploratory case study involving design for additive manufacturing, an advanced manufacturing technology that has seen considerable interest lately. The case study involves a Design for Additive Manufacturing workshop given at an aerospace technology company headquartered in the United States with participants who are professional engineering designers. Results from the study are used to explore how MFD manifests and how its impact in design and optimization for manufacturing might be measured. Future research and next steps to validate the existence of MFD are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116960999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Extending Usage Context-Based Design to Coupled Usage Contexts: A Vehicle Design Case Study 将基于使用上下文的设计扩展到耦合使用上下文:一个车辆设计案例研究

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-67890

Mojtaba Arezoomand, J. Austin-Breneman

引用次数: 0

What Happened to Roth’s Design Catalogues? - A Review of Usage and Future Research 罗斯的设计目录怎么了?-用法及未来研究综述

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-71746

D. Inkermann

{"title":"What Happened to Roth’s Design Catalogues? - A Review of Usage and Future Research","authors":"D. Inkermann","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-71746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71746","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In 1971, Roth and his group first proposed an algorithmic selection procedure for the design of mechanical systems using catalogues. Core element were Design Catalogues that provide established solution elements, models and operations for different engineering tasks. In different books and guidelines, the theory of Design Catalogues was promoted and comprehensive catalogues were elaborated. These works highlight the basic character as structured information bases, with knowledge and access criteria tailored to the needs of engineering tasks. An essential characteristic is the consequent classification of solutions, objects, and operations and thus a complete exploration of the area of interest. In science and industrial practice, Design Catalogues were recognized as tools to structure knowledge and improve reuse of solutions, operations or objects that are frequently used in the design process. This contribution analyses the use and evolution of Design Catalogues in the past 50 years. Main objective is to point out how Design Catalogues and underlying principles and tools to structure design knowledge were used in different fields of application. Moreover, future fields of research to classify knowledge elements and identify suitable access criteria to build up Design Catalogues will be pointed out.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121933861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Quantifying the Predictive Abilities of Speculative Fiction: A Feasibility Study 量化投机小说的预测能力:可行性研究

Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM) Pub Date : 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1115/detc2021-68723

Wanyu Xu, Maulik C. Kotecha, Diego Padilla, Juliette Jimenez, D. McAdams

{"title":"Quantifying the Predictive Abilities of Speculative Fiction: A Feasibility Study","authors":"Wanyu Xu, Maulik C. Kotecha, Diego Padilla, Juliette Jimenez, D. McAdams","doi":"10.1115/detc2021-68723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-68723","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this article, we explore the capability of speculative fiction to predict future realized technologies. We review a large set of speculative technologies introduced in speculative fiction to determine if the technologies were subsequently realized. Additionally, we explore the time between the speculated introduction and actual realization. Our dataset for analysis is built from the ‘Technovelgy’ database of speculative technologies. A realization assessment methodology is created that includes detailed rubrics to rate and quantify the predictability or realizability of speculative technologies. Three independent raters perform realization assessments for each entry. An inter-rater agreement analysis is carried out to validate the rating method. Based on the dataset of 3095 speculated technologies, 45% are labeled as ‘realized’ by at least one rater. A moderate overall agreement with a Fleiss’ Kappa of 0.57 is reached by all raters. The average time to realization of realized technologies is approximately 45 years with a standard deviation of approximately 34 years. We observe patterns in the realization of speculative technologies and analyze the underlying reasons preventing the technologies from realization. We conclude that speculative fiction predicts future technologies to such a degree that the introduction of speculative technology can be used as an input to designer decision-making.","PeriodicalId":261968,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6: 33rd International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (DTM)","volume":"52 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116901571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0