American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Hydration Status during a Routine Practice Session in a Hot Humid Environment amongst Professional Football Players in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria","authors":"Justice Patani Akpotu, H. Opurum, Datonye Victor Dapper","doi":"10.12691/AJSSM-7-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/AJSSM-7-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Hydration status is a major concern as it affects the health and performance of athletes. This study was aimed at evaluating the hydration status of professional football players in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State of Nigeria. 30 male and 30 female professional football players and 30 male and 30 female physically active persons aged 18 to 35years were randomly selected for the study. Pre-training urine specific gravity, percentage change in body weight post-training and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated using reagent strips and standard protocol respectively. Results obtained showed that: 90% each of male and female professional football players were found to be minimally to significantly dehydrated prior training; similarly, 60% of physically active males and 53.3% of physically active females were found to be minimally to significantly dehydrated prior training. Percentage change in body weight post training was 3.18± 0.21% for male professional football players and 3.27±0.14% for female professional football players; 2.37±0.10% for physically active males and 2.06±0.11% for physically active females. Percentage change in body weight post training was significantly higher in professional football players compared to physically active persons: male professional football players versus male physically active persons (t= 3.50, p=0.001); female professional football players versus female physically active persons (t=7.67, p=0.001). Our findings are a cause for concern on account of the potential to impair athletic performance and endanger the health of athletes and non-athletes.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130631764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elbow, Wrist and Hand Tendinopathies in Badminton Players","authors":"V. Senadheera, S. Mayooran, J. Dissanayake","doi":"10.12691/ajssm-7-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ajssm-7-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Badminton is one of the most popular sports worldwide. Pathophysiology of badminton injuries is reported to be dominated by overuse injuries and upper limb accounts for approximately one third of overuse injuries mainly to tendons, which are known as tendinopathies. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted including 25 badminton players, to investigate occurrence and associated factors of elbow, wrist and hand tendinopathies in badminton players. A interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain descriptive data (age, sex, level of the player, standards of warm up and cool down, components of training schedule (ex. strengthening exercises, flexibility exercises), intensity of practice (Duration, frequency), duration of playing of the racquet sport and previous injuries to upper limb) from the players. Player’s height, weight, pain response, palm length, finger length, thumb length, palm width, grip strength, active/passive and painful/ pain free Range of motions of elbow, wrist, hand movements, racquet weight, racquet grip size were measured. An overall occurence of 28% of elbow, wrist and hand tendinopathies was recorded. Among them 20% were elbow tendinopathies, 4% were wrist tendinopathies and 4% were hand tendinopathies. Among all, most commonly reportedtendinopathy was lateral epicondylitis (45.9%). There was no significant association observed between occurence of elbow, wrist and hand tendinopathies with intrinsic factors as age, gender, body mass index and hand anthropometries.Out of extrinsic factors, level of player (competitive/recreational), duration of play, history of previous upper limb injuries, training hours per week, strenghening exercises to upper limb, racket characteristics warm up and cool down exercises practices did not show any significant association with elbow, wrist and hand tendinopathies. Performing upper limb flexibility exercises showed a significant association (p < 0.05) with elbow, wrist and hand tendinopathies.The occurrence of elbow, wrist or hand tendinopathy was higher in players who did not perform routine upper limb flexibility exercises.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"21 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120953388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concussion: A Growing Concern in the Rugby Fraternity","authors":"Wangui Anthony Muchiri, Micky Olutende Oloo, Issah W. Kweyu","doi":"10.12691/ajssm-7-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ajssm-7-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Rugby is a team contact sport that is popular in many countries. Concussion remains one of the inherent risks of participation in rugby union with Certain facets of play, as well as specific tactics and strategies in contact and collision predispose athletes to a greater chance of sustaining a concussion. While other injuries incurred by rugby players have been well studied, less focus and attention has been directed towards concussion. The Third International Conference on Concussion in Sport defined concussion as a complex pathophysiologic process induced by traumatic biomechanical forces. World Rugby (previously known as the International Rugby Board or IRB) has acknowledged that there is a significant risk associated with concussions, and have subsequently implemented a risk management strategy [1]. This systematic review aims to evaluate the available evidence on concussion in Rugby Union (here- after referred to as ‘rugby’) and to conduct an analysis of findings regarding the incidence of concussion and players knowledge on concussion. Data was collected through Library Research on Masinde Muliro university of science and technology, Kenya rugby union, Kenya rugby football clubs, internets and Hospitals and clinics affiliated to Rugby. A desk review was also conducted and a search done PsycINFO®, MEDLINE™, Embase, SPORTDiscus™, Crossref, British Journal of Medicine (BMJ) Genamics Journal Seek, Global impact factor.com, Google Scholar, Academic keys, Open Academic Journals Index, Sherpa/RoMEO (University of Nottingham), Chemical Abstracts (CAS) and Open-j-Gate. Precisely the pathophysiology of concussion is not well known but recent research show that moderate to severe brain injury causes intricate torrent of neurochemical changes in the brain. The assumption is that similar changes occur in concussion. Paucity of literature exists on player knowledge of concussion or the rate of reporting of this injury despite there now being over 20, 000 adult rugby players in Ireland only but other studies showed that participants displayed a relatively high level of knowledge with regard to what constitutes a concussion, the risk that a history of concussion holds with regard to future concussion, and the authority that should rest with medical doctors in clearing players to Return To Play following concussion. In future Biomechanical research should be done with other clinical based research to improve on sideline concussion recognition and treatment modalities. In conclusion more research on concussion education, sensitization and awareness on concussion to help reduce incidences of concussion.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"487 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123557361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Revised Successive-Choice Step Reaction Test in Elderly Women","authors":"Kaoru Fujitani, S. Demura, Y. Asakura, S. Yamaji, H. Aoki, Sohee Shin, Narihito Taima","doi":"10.12691/ajssm-7-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/ajssm-7-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"Falls occur unexpectedly in elderly individuals. Even when they pay close attention, they have difficulty avoiding falls. Therefore, these individuals must make fall-avoidance movements instantly-namely, quick one-step forward reactions (compensatory steps) when falls occur. This study examined the reliability and validity of a newly developed step reaction test for elderly women. The subjects included 22 young elderly women (65-74 years old) and 28 older elderly women (75-90 years old) with exercise habits, 22 young elderly women and 20 older elderly women without exercise habits, and 23 young women. Subjects stood in the middle of eight test sheets and then stepped rapidly onto the sheet indicated at random on the computer screen. A sum of the time from stimulus presentation to step landing on each sheet was used as an evaluation variable (movement time). The reliability of the test was high (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.84-0.97). The results of one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparison tests showed that mean movement time increased in the order young subjects, young elderly subjects, older elderly subjects with exercise habits, and older elderly subjects without exercise habits. In addition, a significant decrease in movement time with age was found in elderly subjects without exercise habits (r = 0.65) but not in elderly subjects with exercise habits. In conclusion, the new step reaction test showed high reliability and validity.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131240415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Changes Oxidative Profile and Purinergic Enzymes Activity in Kidney Disease","authors":"M. Silveira, Aline Mânica, João Victor Garcia de Souza, Cíntia Krilow, P. Ambrosi, C. Siepko, B. Bonadiman, M. Bagatini, D. T. R. E. Silva","doi":"10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.17","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients are inactive and have reduced physical performance. The CKD lead to abnormalities in various systems including the hemostatic and oxidative systems. The platelet activation occurs with the participation of adenine nucleotides such as ATP and ADP. This nucleotides are part of a system calls purinergic signaling, that is a cell-cell communication pathway, present in several physiological mechanisms such as immune responses, pain, inflammation, cell proliferation, oxidative stress and platelet aggregation. In this work we evaluate the physical mobility, functional capacity and changes in oxidative profile and purinergic enzymes activity in patients with CKD during hemodialysis treatment before and after the protocol of resistance exercise (RE) development. Patients during hemodialysis section were recruited (n = 34). All patients underwent a RE three times a week for eight weeks. The data were analyzed in two moments: before the exercises (BE) and after the exercises (AE). Physical training significantly reduced the markers of oxidative stress after RE by increasing enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses. In addition, the activity of the enzymes of the purinergic system was significantly lower by ATP and AMP hydrolysis after RE. We showed, for the first time, that RE decreased significantly the oxidative stress markers after exercise when compared to previous exercise through increased enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in CDK patients. These results reinforce the main role of RE in patients with chronic disease and future uses to increase the quality of life of CKD patients.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128355348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Supra-Physiological Doses of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids on the Neuronal Density of the Central and Basolateral Amygdala in Mice","authors":"Débora Mantoan Alves, W. C. R. Junior, F. Guerra, E. Soares, P. Marques, A. Esteves","doi":"10.11648/j.ajss.20180604.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20180604.16","url":null,"abstract":"Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS), despite being controlled by government agencies, are illegally marketed and heavily consumed among youngsters that want a lean, muscular appearance and improved physical performance. Behavioral changes mediated by the amygdala, such as depression, aggressiveness and anxiety, are reported among users. The main scope of this work is to quantify the number of neuron cells on the nuclei of the central (CA) and basolateral (BLA) mice's amygdala submitted to a chronic supra-physiological doses of Durateston® (a combination of testosterone propionate, testosterone isocaproate and testosterone decanoate) and Deca Durabolin® (nandrolone decanoate), administered isolated and combined. For this purpose, 40 Swiss male mice were taken and divided into 4 (four) groups (n = 10): a control group (C), in which mice received saline solution; a Dura group, in which mice received Durateston®; a Deca group, in which mice received Deca Durabolin®; and a Dura-Deca group, in which mice received both drugs. Mice were treated with AAS for a period of 60 days and underwent exercises (swimming). After this time, mice were euthanized and had their brains removed. The material thus obtained was processed in a conventional histological routine. For the neuron cells quantitative analyses, the simple random sampling count method was used. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in the number of neuron cells in all AAS treated animals comparing to the control group; concerning the amygdala basolateral nucleus, the decrease ranged from 23% to 36%, according to the AAS selected group; regarding the amygdala central nucleus, the decrease ranged from 20% to 29%, according to the AAS selected group. One can conclude that the administration of supra-physiological doses of these AAS causes decrease in the number of neuron cells on the central and basolateral nuclei of Swiss male mice's amygdala.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115026212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of Green Tea ( Camellia sinensis ) Improves Lipid, Hepatic, and Hematological Profiles of Rats That Are Submitted to Long-Term Androgenic Stimulation","authors":"Vivian Alves Pereira Silva, G. Boaventura, Renato de Souza Abboud, J. A. Ribas, M. Chagas","doi":"10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.15","url":null,"abstract":"Indiscriminate use of anabolic steroids is associated with cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, thrombosis, and arterial obstruction. Furthermore, high levels of androgens increase hepatic toxicity and the risk of cancer. Contrastingly, green tea prevents and controls cardiovascular and hepatic diseases, as it can improve the lipid profile and reduce inflammation and effects of oxidative stress. This study will evaluate benefits of green tea consumption, to attenuate systemic damage caused by supraphysiological doses of testosterone, by analyzing the lipid, biochemical, and hematological profiles of 28 42-day-old male Wistar rats. Silicone pellets containing testosterone in proportion were surgically implanted and replaced in these rats every four weeks, and they received casein-based control feed and water or green tea for hydration. After 20 weeks, all the male rats were anesthetized and their blood samples collected for the analysis of their biochemical and hematological profiles. Although the high hormone concentration had a negative influence on the lipid profile of these animals, the groups that consumed green tea exhibited a reduction in serum triglycerides (62%), Low Density Lipoprotein (76%), and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (45%). Tea consumption also led to a significant reduction in total cholesterol (32% in the green tea control group and 45% in the green tea-induced group), without changing the High Density Lipoprotein fraction. Only the green tea-induced group manifested a reduction in the total concentration of serum proteins. A fall in serum albumin was observed in the green tea-induced groups (2.3 g/dL) compared to control groups (2.9 g/dL). The induced group presented elevation in hematocrit, erythrocytosis, and leukocytosis in contrast to the green tea-induced group. The green tea control group maintained erythrocytosis, but without any other potentially harmful effect. A 30% increase in lymphocyte population in the induced group was observed. There was no difference in the platelet count of these rodents. Hepatic enzymes were also shown to have increased in the induced group, indicating hepatic injury in this group due to exposure to testosterone. This effect was reversed in the tea groups. From this, its possible to reach the conclusion that consumption of green tea shields the lipid profile, proteins, liver enzymes and hematological profile, thus reducing risk factors related to the supraphysiological doses of testosterone.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"40 42","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113993411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Fitness and Regimen Function of Wushu","authors":"Yang Xiaolei","doi":"10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.14","url":null,"abstract":"In modern society, Chinese people are paying increasingly attention on fitness and regimen. Wushu (martial arts), which has such functions, can improve practitioners’ comprehensive development and health condition. Through literature review and logical analysis, this paper analyses wushu’s domestic and international promotion condition as a health-preserving exercise. The state and the government formally included wushu in the national fitness program, and attached great importance to the development of martial arts in fitness. Nowadays, various types of wushu training schools have been seen everywhere in the country. The public has more opportunities to learn wushu. This is a good trend for the development of wushu fitness and regimen. Then start from the principles of fitness and health thoughts contained in wushu.\"Exercising the muscles and skins, practicing a breath\" contains the basic fitness principles of martial arts. Wushu has a strong body internal and external fitness effect. The word \"regimen\" was first seen in the \"Zhuangzi Health Preservation Master\" of Taoist Zhuangzi. It has been a medical activity that promotes longevity through various ways to enhance physical fitness, prevent disease, and maintain life. Besides, this paper also expounds its fitness and regimen function. Long-term practice of martial arts can exercise the muscles, bones, ligaments and other sports systems, to strengthen the bones, make the body more flexible and coordinated, enhance physical fitness, and also improve the human blood. The Taoist thought advocated in the Chinese wushu is not only strong, but also improves the health of the body, and enhances the spirit, mentality and temperament of the human being. In the end this paper gives suggestions for its further development.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131593216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy Expenditure of Collegiate Golfers in a Competitive Setting","authors":"Kaela M. Hierholzer, A. Salacinski, Peter J. Chomentowski, C. Broeder","doi":"10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.13","url":null,"abstract":"Collegiate golf is physically demanding; however, little research has been done to establish the energy expenditure (EE) and metabolic demand on a golfer during competition. With advances in wearable technology, it has become easier to gain knowledge on physical activities outside the lab. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the amount of EE a collegiate golfer expends during a competitive golf tournament. METHODS: Eight NCAA-caliber golfers (4 males; 4 females) participated (Age: 19.3 ± 2.0 years; WT: 149.5 ± 13.4 pounds; Bag WT: 22.3 ± 2.0 pounds; Bag Wt./Body Wt.: 15.0 ± 1.8%; HT: 67.7 ± 3.6 inches;% Body Fat: 20.0 ± 7.3%). One VO 2max and two randomly ordered 6-minute steady-state walk (6MW) tests were performed. One 6MW was completed with a weight vest simulating each golfer’s bag weight, and the other was completed without the vest. RESULTS: Phase 1, males had a lower% BF (p=0.03), higher FFW (p=0.03), VO 2max (p=0.02), max heart rate (p=0.04), max RER (p=0.03), and max VE (p=0.02) compared to females. Looking at caloric expenditure during all 6MW tests, the Garmin VivoactiveHR™ overestimated calories expended compared to the metabolic cart kcals (+22.4%; p=0.01). For the 6MW without the bag, stepwise regression showed in order of importance heart rate, distance covered, and step count entered the equation (r-squared = 0.966, p=0.0021). Phase 2, females had higher scores (females: 87.5 ± 6.43 strokes; males: 76.75 ± 4.65 strokes), walked a greater distance (females: 7.43 ± 0.23 miles; males: 7.37 ± 0.18 miles), took longer to complete the golf rounds (females: 282:42 ± 37:16 minutes; males: 266:05 ± 11:10 minutes), and had a greater average HR (females: 121.99 ± 15.26 bpm; males: 111.00 ± 4.31 bpm). The Garmin VivoactiveHR™ underestimated the female golfers’ kcal expenditure by 6.22% compared to the metabolic predicted kcals; however, the males experienced an overestimation of 5.3% by the Garmin VivoactiveHR™. The stepwise regression conducted on the golf tournament data indicated that calories/hour (p=0.00) and time (p=0.00) affected Garmin VivoactiveHR™ kcal expenditure the most. CONCLUSION: The Garmin VivoactiveHR™ was unable to accurately estimate caloric expenditure during the in-lab and golf tournament testing.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114766060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circuit Weight Training on Stable and Unstable Surfaces: Differences in Energy Cost, Blood Lactate and Rate of Perceived Exertion","authors":"L. Aranda, J. Vianna, Elder Sousa Dutra, F. Z. Werneck, J. Novaes, Jorge Roberto Perrout de Lima, V. Reis","doi":"10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJSS.20180604.12","url":null,"abstract":"Unstable surfaces have been used in resistance training, but there are no studies that compared energy cost between stable and unstable surfaces in circuit weight training. This study compared energy cost, post-exercise peak blood lactate and perceived exertion rate between stable surface and unstable surface. Twenty healthy men (24.65 ± 3.48 years, 1.79 ± 0.08 m, 80.61 ± 9.14 kg and 11.86 ± 3.49% body fat) participated in the study. Test and retest of 15 maximum repetitions were performed on stable and unstable surfaces to define workload. The circuit weight training consisted of one set of 15 repetitions at 80% of 15 maximum repetitions in bench press, back squat, rowing bent prone, dead-lift, shoulder press, elbow extension and elbow flexion. Energy cost was measured by indirect calorimetry during and post-circuit weight training. Peak blood lactate and perceived exertion rate were measured post-exercise. Total energy cost was higher on unstable surface compared to stable surface (70.7 ± 10.0 vs. 66.6 ± 7.8 kcal; p = 0.01), as was perceived exertion rate (8.1 ± 0.9 vs. 7.6 ± 1.3; p = 0.02). However, peak blood lactate was higher on stable than unstable surfaces (13.6 ± 2.6 vs. 12.5 ± 1.9 mmol·L−1; p = 0.05). In conclusion, circuit weight training on unstable surfaces can be performed with less weight in comparison to stable surfaces, thereby lowering mechanical stress on joints and bones, while still providing a higher metabolic impact.","PeriodicalId":261831,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131509013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}