Biosensors and Bioelectronics最新文献

{"title":"Non-destructive monitoring of cartilage tissue engineering via near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic assessment of culture medium","authors":"Nithin Sadeesh ,&nbsp;Harini Karunarathna ,&nbsp;Abolfazl Jalali ,&nbsp;Sanna Oikari ,&nbsp;Antti Eskelinen ,&nbsp;Arjen Gebraad ,&nbsp;Ervin Nippolainen ,&nbsp;Susanna Miettinen ,&nbsp;Isaac O. Afara","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Degenerative joint diseases are major contributors to pain, impaired mobility, and an increasing socioeconomic burden in aging populations. Tissue Engineering (TE) offers alternative solutions to restore joint functions. However, current TE approaches often fail to produce biocompatible, patient-specific cartilage. This could be due to the lack of a rapid, non-destructive assessment for monitoring tissue growth. Biological markers such as hyaluronan, lactate, and collagen are released in culture medium during tissue maturation, and measuring their levels indicates tissue growth and development. We performed near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) on conditioned medium collected during culture and differentiation of Na purified gellan gum (NaGG) embedded bone marrow stem/stromal cell (BMSC) constructs. We also employed NIR preprocessing using Nippy and an unbiased machine learning (ML) approach, where multiple ML regression models like linear regression, ridge regression, random forest regressor, and support vector regressor were used to correlate the spectral variations to the biomarkers released into culture medium. The analysis revealed strong correlations between near infrared (NIR) spectral data and biomarkers, with R² values of 0.976 for hyaluronan, 0.701 for lactate, and 0.444 for total collagen, and mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of 0.276, 0.090, and 0.158 respectively, showing the efficacy of NIRS in monitoring these key indicators. Feature importance further determined key regions of interest in NIR spectra for each of the biomarkers. In conclusion, this research is the first to demonstrate the potential of using NIRS for non-destructive assessment of tissue growth through the culture medium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117809"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated electrochemical nanodevice for single-cell MiRNA-155 detection and drug evaluation","authors":"Zhuo Li ,&nbsp;Zhaohan Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Yafeng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanopipette-based platforms have emerged as a transformative tool for single-cell miRNA profiling and drug evaluation with the unique advantages of minimal invasiveness and high spatiotemporal resolution. Now the target detection and the drug delivery are separately operated with two steps, and the efflux of the cell results in a short intracellular retention of the drug molecules. In this paper, an integrated electrochemical nanodevice was fabricated for real-time monitoring of single-cell miRNA-155 and drug evaluation with one step, which was inserted into single cells by a three-dimensional micromanipulator. Upon exposure to miRNA-155, the stronger binding ability of the aptamer to miRNA-155 led to the detachment of Aptamer/HCOF/DOX from the nanopipette, changing the ionic current. Based on the ionic current, intracellular miRNA-155 level could be accurately quantified. The relative expression levels of miRNA-155 were calculated to be approximately 165.5 pM, 55.60 pM, 16.05 pM for single MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and MCF-10A cells, respectively. Moreover, under the tumor acid microenvironment, the pH-sensitive HCOF structure facilitated controlled DOX release, allowing dynamic assessment of drug effects at the single-cell level, while minimizing off-target toxicity in normal cells due to microenvironment-specific drug activation. Due to the relative long retention time of the drug, the physiological changes of cells under different times of drug action could also be studied. This study highlights the potential of integrated electrochemical nanodevice for tracking and understanding the role of microRNA in screening new anticancer drug.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117804"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144678888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated two-photon imaging platform for spatiotemporal tracking of pH and viscosity in the lipid droplet microenvironment","authors":"Luying Guo ,&nbsp;Huiquan Zuo ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Xing Guo ,&nbsp;Xiaochun Jiang ,&nbsp;Heng Li ,&nbsp;Long Wang ,&nbsp;Wenlong Ma ,&nbsp;Lijuan Jiao ,&nbsp;Erhong Hao ,&nbsp;Wei Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pathological alterations in intracellular viscosity, acidity, and lipid droplet (LD) dynamics are critical biomarkers for diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Two-photon fluorescence imaging, renowned for its deep penetration and minimal background fluorescence, is an ideal tool for probing these parameters. However, existing two-photon probes lack the ability to simultaneously detect changes in intracellular viscosity, pH, and LD dynamics within a single platform. To address this limitation, we report <strong>CyB</strong>, a multifunctional single-molecule probe engineered by conjugating a hydroxyethyl-substituted hemicyanine unit to a boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) core through a flexible double bond. The <strong>CyB</strong> probe features unique functionalities, including two-photon fluorescence imaging capabilities, dual responsiveness to pH and viscosity for precise microenvironment sensing, ratiometric imaging with distinct absorption/emission shifts through pH-dependent intramolecular cyclization, and specific targeting of LDs. This innovative design of <strong>CyB</strong> enables simultaneous, multi-parameter detection of pH, viscosity, and LDs behavior in complex disease models (tumor, atherosclerosis, and diabetic cells) using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and under two-photon excitation (<em>λ</em>_<em>ex</em> = 940 nm). Furthermore, the dual-response characteristics of <strong>CyB</strong> have been effectively validated in zebrafish model <em>in vivo</em>, demonstrating its potential for multidimensional analysis of pathological microenvironments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117799"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of label-free surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of extracellular vesicles (EVs) with Raman tagged labels to enhance ovarian cancer diagnostics","authors":"Qing He ,&nbsp;Hanna J. Koster ,&nbsp;Justin O'Sullivan ,&nbsp;Samantha G. Ono ,&nbsp;Hannah J. O'Toole ,&nbsp;Gary S. Leiserowitz ,&nbsp;Marie C. Heffern ,&nbsp;Randy P. Carney","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a proof-of-concept diagnostic strategy that integrates multiplexed Raman-tagged antibody labeling with label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and machine learning (ML) to improve the detection of ovarian cancer via extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs were isolated from patient plasma using size-exclusion chromatography and labeled with polyyne-based Raman tags targeting three ovarian cancer biomarkers: CA-125, HE4, and CA-19-9. Labeled and unlabeled EVs were deposited onto SERS-active substrates, and spectra were collected using a custom confocal Raman microscope. Incorporating the tag-derived signal into SERS analysis enhanced interpretability and added molecular specificity. We evaluated classification performance using various ML models applied to spectral datasets from a cohort of ovarian cancer patients and healthy controls. Combined use of the Raman tag and label-free regions improved classification accuracy compared to either modality alone. Notably, support vector machine (SVM) achieved over 95 % accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Compared to ELISA, our SERS platform demonstrated improved sensitivity in detecting EV-associated biomarkers from small sample volumes. This approach addresses a key limitation of SERS-based diagnostics by linking spectral features to known biomarkers, offering improved transparency and performance in ML-enabled liquid biopsy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117800"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144678887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An electrochemical biosensor for sensitive detection of CKAP4 with application to the diagnosis of ovarian cancer","authors":"Yu Sun ,&nbsp;Ying Deng ,&nbsp;Tianci Zhou ,&nbsp;Lingjun Sha ,&nbsp;Kai Hu ,&nbsp;Dongmei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuemei Jia ,&nbsp;Genxi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cytoskeletal remodeling is crucial in tumor progression and metastasis, with cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 (CKAP4) being a key protein involved this process; however, its detection remains a challenge. In this paper, we report a solid-state electrochemistry-enhanced biosensor based on Cu-TCPP nanosheets for sensitive detection of CKAP4. In the meantime, the proposed biosensor can present high specificity in CKAP4 recognition. Specifically, upon recognition of the target, the designed catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction is successfully initiated, generating lots of DNA duplexes, which can be cleaved by Exo III to release numerous truncated thiolated signal DNA (sDNA). Subsequently, the generated sDNA is introduced to a high-conductivity electrode surface modified with Cu-TCPP nanosheets which are loaded with methylene blue. Moreover, the introduction of sDNA triggers ligand displacement via competitive coordination on this surface, thereby forming non-electroactive Cu-sDNA complexes, which significantly modulates the current signals, enabling sensitive quantification of CKAP4 levels. The biosensor may achieve a low detection limit of 0.30 pg/mL, with a broad linear range covering five orders of magnitude, and exhibits satisfying anti-interference ability in complex biological matrices. Furthermore, it displays outstanding discriminatory accuracy in differentiating ovarian cancer patient samples from healthy controls, showing great potential for cancer diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117802"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximity ligation strategy-mediated cross-modal logic-gate sensing platform: Towards dual biomarkers detection for complex disease","authors":"Lihong Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Li ,&nbsp;Shupei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yixuan Li ,&nbsp;Guoqing Liu ,&nbsp;Xuejun Zhou ,&nbsp;Hong Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of a dual-target detection platform with independent signal output can effectively improve the accuracy and confidence of early diagnosis of complex diseases. Herein, a proximity ligation strategy-mediated cross-modal logic-gate sensing platform was constructed with colorimetric and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) as dominant output while photothermal as an auxiliary mode for human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and ribonuclease A (RNase A) detection. The in situ generated silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on MXene (MXene@Ag NPs) and the integration of coreactants (PEI) and luminol by magnetic beads (MBs-PEI-luminol-AD) provides amplified colorimetric and ECL signals to endow excellent sensitivity of the platform. The constructed platform operates AND logic gate for OC detection. The levels of RNase A and HE4 are detected by independent signal outputs from different modes, preventing signal crossover and mutual interference, which ensures the accuracy of the detection. This work provides a suitable model for the construction of cross-modal logic-gate sensing platform, which is expected to be applied in the early diagnosis of complex diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117798"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label-free detection of heme in electroactive microbes using a probe-typed optical fiber SPR sensor","authors":"Wanlu Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhong Li ,&nbsp;Weixin Kong ,&nbsp;Yong Zhao ,&nbsp;Ya-nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Enze Zhou ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Fan ,&nbsp;Dake Xu ,&nbsp;Tingyue Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heme, as a key cytochrome ligand in electroactive microbes, enables sensitive label-free detection for studying extracellular electron transfer-mediated corrosion processes. Developing a reliable, label-free, and high-performance sensor for heme detection is crucial to investigate extracellular electron transfer-mediated microbial corrosion. Herein, we present a probe-typed fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) heme sensor based on biomolecular recognition between heme and its transport regulator (FhtR) protein. When heme molecule contacts the sensor surface, FhtR can coordinate with the iron ion of heme and stably embed the hydrophobic porphyrin ring of heme into its hydrophobic pocket through van der Waals forces, thereby changing the refractive index of the sensing surface and causing a shift in the SPR spectrum. Therefore, the concentration of heme can be measured by monitoring the wavelength shift. Experimental results demonstrated that the sensitivity of the sensor was 698.1 nm/(mg/mL) in the range of 0–0.06 mg/mL heme, and the wavelength shift reached 48.95 nm in the range of 0–0.24 mg/mL heme, with a detection limit of 0.9 μg/mL and a response time of 18 min. Rapid determination of trace heme concentration was realized. In the real sample detection experiment of <em>Shewanella oneidensis</em> MR-1, it is verified that the sensor still has good recognition ability for samples diluted 1000 times. To explore the universality of the sensor, the real blood environment is used as the detection environment, which proves the unique innovation and applicability of the sensor in complex environments. In addition, the sensor exhibited excellent selectivity against different humoral molecules and metal ions. It also demonstrated excellent stability against the variation in pH (7.5–8.5), temperature (23.25–51.46 °C), and pressure (0.1–3.6 MPa).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117797"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolving SPARC–HSA binding kinetics with an ultrasensitive photonic sensor based on bound states in the continuum","authors":"Bruno Miranda ,&nbsp;Vincenza Mele ,&nbsp;Aida Seifalinezhad ,&nbsp;Gianluigi Zito ,&nbsp;Adam Schwartzberg ,&nbsp;Vito Mocella ,&nbsp;Ivo Rendina ,&nbsp;Annalisa Lamberti ,&nbsp;Gennaro Sanità ,&nbsp;Silvia Romano","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is critical in cell–matrix interactions and tissue remodeling. It influences tumor progression through its affinity for human serum albumin (HSA) - the most abundant plasma protein, which also plays a crucial role in drug delivery. Strong molecular binding leads to a dissociation constant <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> in the nanomolar range. Thus, determining <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> requires detecting sub-nanomolar concentrations with ultrasensitive methods. This may be crucial for elucidating the nature of SPARC–HSA binding, as their interaction remains a subject of debate. Capturing these interactions accurately requires a platform capable of resolving rapid binding kinetics at extremely low analyte concentrations. In this work, we report on a microfluidics-integrated photonic nanostructure that supports bound states in the continuum (BICs) and is optimized for studying the fast kinetics of high-affinity protein–protein interactions. The unprecedented capability of detecting sub-nanomolar concentrations allows quantifying <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> between SPARC and HSA beyond the state of the art. We leverage an all-dielectric photonic crystal slab (PhCS) sustaining two BIC branches arising from gapped Dirac cone dispersion. HSA is covalently immobilized on the PhCS bonded to a PDMS microfluidic chamber. SPARC dissociation is carried out using PBS buffer (pH 7.4), ensuring complete protein release through precise control of the flow rate and continuous spectral monitoring of the BICs. The measured <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></math></span> nM confirms the strong affinity of SPARC for HSA. This study highlights the potential of BIC-based sensing as a versatile tool for investigating protein interactions. These results also have implications for the optimization of drug delivery systems and cancer treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117754"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A capacitance biosensor for prostate cancer detection via normalised urinary extracellular vesicles","authors":"Khageephun Permpoka ,&nbsp;Phuritat Kaewarsa ,&nbsp;Wattanai Paekoh ,&nbsp;Julin Opanuraks ,&nbsp;Wanida Laiwattanapaisal ,&nbsp;Pedro Estrela","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extracellular vesicles (EVs), and in particular exosomes, play an important role in intercellular communication and can be found in biological fluids. Inevitably, EVs have emerged as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Detecting EVs in urine is less invasive than blood. However, reliable EV quantitation in urine is still challenging due to low EV concentration and lack of standardisation. Herein, we introduce a capacitance-based electrochemical biosensor for two EV markers, CD63 and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) – the former being a generic marker present in all exosomes and the latter a prostate cancer (PCa) marker. Integrating a capacitance technique (non-Faradaic impedance) provides highly sensitive and reagent-free technique capabilities ideal for point-of-care diagnosis.</div><div>For the sensor fabrication, both thiolated CD63 and PSMA aptamers were self-assembled on reduced graphene oxide and molybdenum disulfide (rGO/MoS₂) modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE). The results can be obtained in 10 min using 10 μL from EVs isolated sample. Under optimal conditions, the associated PSMA and CD63 detection limits are 4.83 × 10² and 1.47 × 10³ EV/μL, respectively, without any additional signal amplification steps. To validate the sensor, urinary EV samples were analysed using the sensor. The results showed a strong correlation with a commercial PSMA ELISA. Additionally, the PSMA/urine creatinine (uCRE) level can differentiate between PCa patients from healthy controls, indicating its applicability as a non-invasive diagnosis tool. Overall, the developed sensor provides a simple, fast, reagent-free, and more reliable detection technique for urinary EVs detection to improve PCa diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117791"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sandwich-structured piezoelectric ultrasound harvester for wireless power charging of implantable biomedical electronics","authors":"Sungwoo Kang ,&nbsp;Juhwan Kim ,&nbsp;Jinwoo Kim ,&nbsp;Eunji Lee ,&nbsp;Hyeongyu Park ,&nbsp;Jin Ho Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Implantable biomedical electronics (IBMEs) require reliable power sources for long-term operation and minimize frequent of battery-replacement surgeries. Piezoelectric ultrasound harvesters (PUSHs) have emerged as a promising solution for ultrasound-based wireless power transfer (US-WPT). However, their output power is constrained by regulatory limits on ultrasound transmission intensity and the small size of implantable harvesters. In this study, we propose a sandwich-structured ultrasound harvester (SW-PUSH) to maximize energy harvesting efficiency under these constraints. The SW-PUSH consists of matching layered front PUSH and separation layered rear PUSH, where the rear PUSH captures the ultrasound energy that passes through the front PUSH, thereby improving overall energy conversion efficiency. The optimized structure of SW-PUSH was designed through simulation and subsequently fabricated. The outputs of both PUSHs are electrically combined, achieving a power density of 497.47 mW/cm² and a total power of 732.27 mW in water, sufficient to fully charge a 140 mAh battery in 1.7 h. In tests using 30 mm thick porcine tissue, the SW-PUSH generated 312.34 mW and charged a 60 mAh battery in 1.4 h. These results demonstrate that SW-PUSH offers a high-performance, efficient solution for powering IBMEs, overcoming conventional limitations and enabling extended functionality in next-generation IBMEs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117789"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}