Biosensors and Bioelectronics最新文献

{"title":"Ultra-early detection of S100B biomarkers using a nanophotonic biosensor with deep learning quantification: A clinical model based on EDAS patients","authors":"Jiayu Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxin Wang ,&nbsp;Wenying Lv ,&nbsp;Zhao Gao ,&nbsp;Shichao Su ,&nbsp;Baorui Guo ,&nbsp;Yanteng Li ,&nbsp;Lei Liang ,&nbsp;Bingxian Wang ,&nbsp;Gang Cheng ,&nbsp;Jianning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Ultra-early detection of brain injury biomarkers within the critical first hour post-injury remains a major clinical challenge in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) management. Conventional platforms (e.g., ELISA) suffer from limited sensitivity, prolonged turnaround times, and narrow dynamic range, hindering timely diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed an integrated nanophotonic biosensor and deep learning platform for ultrasensitive S100B quantification. The biosensor employs capillary-assembled heterochain arrays of 500-nm polystyrene and 250-nm selenium nanoparticles, enabling red-channel optical amplification. A dedicated deep learning framework (ProSpect), incorporating ResNet-50 backbone and probabilistic patch aggregation, was engineered for automated image analysis. Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) patients (n = 25) were leveraged as a time-controlled human model of mild cortical injury. Matched biospecimens (serum, urine, saliva, CSF) were collected at preoperative, immediate postoperative (≤15 min), and 1-h postoperative time points for parallel biosensor and ELISA analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The biosensor achieved a detection limit of 1 pg/mL, a dynamic range spanning 1 pg/mL–100 ng/mL (R² = 0.9995), and intra-assay CV of 4.21 %. ProSpect-based quantification attained 98.08 % accuracy in semi-quantitative classification and near-perfect ROC-AUC (0.999). Clinically, 47.6 % of samples were undetectable by ELISA (LOD = 18.75 pg/mL) but successfully quantified by the biosensor. Strong inter-method correlation was observed (R² = 0.9884). Significant postoperative S100B elevations occurred in serum, while salivary levels decreased and urinary concentrations remained stable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This biosensor-AI platform enables rapid (&lt;30 min), matrix-flexible, and ultrasensitive S100B detection, overcoming limitations of conventional assays. Validated through the EDAS clinical model, it holds significant potential for point-of-care deployment in mTBI screening, neurotrauma triage, and real-time neurocritical monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117810"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel-based sweat chloride sensor with high sensitivity and low hysteresis","authors":"Wanqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Xianzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Ankan Dutta ,&nbsp;Farnaz Lorestani ,&nbsp;Md Abu Sayeed Biswas ,&nbsp;Bowen Li ,&nbsp;Abu Musa Abdullah ,&nbsp;Huanyu Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring chloride ions (Cl⁻) in sweat is critical for assessing hydration, diagnosing cystic fibrosis (CF), and evaluating other health conditions. Existing wearable sweat chloride sensors either exhibit low sensitivity based on potentiometric sensing or irreversible readings based on colorimetric sensing. To address these challenges, we report the design of a hydrogel-based wearable sweat sensor that allows for monitoring of Cl⁻ based on an electrolyte concentration gradient. This reported sensor features a coplanar design with a cation-selective hydrogel (CH), a high-salinity hydrogel (HH), and a sweat chamber. The gradient between the HH and the sweat chamber drives ion diffusion through the CH, generating an open-circuit voltage (VOC) that corresponds to the Cl⁻ concentration in the sweat chamber. A stable device performance is achieved by further integrating a superhydrophilic poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) thin film that prevents ion exchange and hydrogel swelling. The resulting sensor exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 1.7 mV/mM and a fast response time of 7.1 s, with excellent linearity and reversibility in the range from 10 to 100 mM. Integrating the sensor with a microfluidic module along with temperature calibration provides continuous and calibrated, accurate measurements during physical activities. The design concepts for real-time sweat Cl⁻ detection can also be applied to monitor the other biomarkers for personalized diagnostics and health monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117805"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supramolecular hydrogel mediated photoelectrochemical/electrochemiluminescence dual-mode biosensor based on TiO2/CdIn2S4/CdS for sensitive detection of enrofloxacin","authors":"Jiajie Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanzhen Ning,&nbsp;Minghao Bai,&nbsp;Guifen Jie,&nbsp;Xinxing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a new photoelectrochemical (PEC) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) dual-mode biosensor based on TiO₂/CdIn₂S₄/CdS (TO/CIS/CdS) composite and a unique supramolecular hydrogel quenching probe was constructed for sensitive detection of enrofloxacin (ENR). Firstly, TO/CIS/CdS showed excellent PEC and ECL dual signals, which was applied to dual-mode sensing and detection. By using cyclic amplification and magnetic separation techniques, target ENR was converted into a large number of product chains with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), and acidolysis was carried out to obtain zinc ions. Then, a layer of supramolecular hydrogel with good biocompatibility and stability was formed on the electrode using the ligand interaction between adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and Zn²⁺. The poor electrical conductivity and light transmission of the hydrogel layer make it an excellent double-quenching material for PEC and ECL signals, which was used for sensitive dual-mode detection of ENR. The cyclic amplification technique in a homogeneous solution was utilized to improve the sensitivity of detection while avoiding the complex electrode-modification process, thus effectively improving efficiency and stability of the sensor. The detection range of the PEC mode can reach 0.1 pg mL^˗1 to 1 μg mL^˗1, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 35 fg mL^˗1. The detection range of the ECL mode is from 1 pg mL^˗1 to 1 μg mL^˗1, and the LOD is 0.14 pg mL^˗1. Thus, a new multifunctional biosensor utilizing TO/CIS/CS and the unique hydrogel quencher was opened up, which has great potential for application in the field of food safety and environmental monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117817"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing thiophilic cadmium to enhance 8–17 DNAzyme activity in cascade oligo biosensors","authors":"Mohammad Sadraeian ,&nbsp;Reza Maleki ,&nbsp;Libing Fu ,&nbsp;Gungun Lin ,&nbsp;Jiajia Zhou ,&nbsp;Dayong Jin ,&nbsp;Jeffrey R. Reimers","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DNAzymes are metal-dependent catalysts with vast potential for therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Herein, optimization of the performance of a commercial laboratory fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor, that is currently used to detect, with 1 fM sensitivity, the ompA gene of <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em>, is considered through the addition of 20–40 μM of Cd²⁺ to model biosensors. Up to 10-fold signal enhancement is observed in pertinent solution-based sensing formats based on 8–17 DNAzyme, the mechanism of which is determined using molecular-mechanics simulations of the operation of its catalytic site. In contrast, only minor improvements are predicted and observed using 10–23 DNAzyme as the catalyst. These results are then translated to yield a three-fold increase in sensitivity for a close-model two-chamber biosensor that involves bead-bound DNAzymes. Thiolated linkages are used to bind the DNAZymes to the beads, with thiophilic Cd²⁺ shown to restrain 75 % of possibly detached oligos, with no unwanted background signal detected that could be attributed to detached oligos during biosensor operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117816"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impedance-based dopamine detection neural probe utilizing dopamine antibody: Real-time quantification of dopamine","authors":"Daerl Park ,&nbsp;Danbi Ahn ,&nbsp;Jungsik Choi ,&nbsp;Jaehyun Kim ,&nbsp;Mingu Song ,&nbsp;Peixing Wang ,&nbsp;Honglin Piao ,&nbsp;Seonghoon Park ,&nbsp;Eun Ah Jo ,&nbsp;Hee Young Kim ,&nbsp;Heon-Jin Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dopamine (DA) is a key neurotransmitter involved in affective states, cognition, and motor control, and its dysregulation is associated with various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. Accurate and real-time detection of dopamine is essential for understanding its role in neurological function and dysfunction. However, conventional DA detection methods such as fluorescence imaging and electrochemical techniques like fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) often face challenges in practical applications due to limited temporal resolution, interference from background signals, and the requirement for external electrical stimulation, which can disturb physiological conditions. In this study, we present a flexible neural probe functionalized with dopamine antibodies for impedance-based sensing. This approach enables label-free, real-time monitoring of dopamine concentration changes in both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> environments, without the need for enzymatic reactions or applied voltage cycles. The proposed platform demonstrates high sensitivity, selectivity, and biocompatibility, offering a promising alternative for neurochemical monitoring and advancing our understanding of dopamine related processes in both research and clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117803"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cleanroom-compatible polymeric nanostructured microneedle patch for advanced wearable applications","authors":"Momina Amir ,&nbsp;Maria Atalaia Rosa ,&nbsp;Lina Debeer ,&nbsp;Nadalan Vercooren ,&nbsp;Filippo Franceschini ,&nbsp;Ruben Van Den Eeckhoudt ,&nbsp;Nadezda Kuznetsova ,&nbsp;Michael Kraft ,&nbsp;Irene Taurino","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microneedles are revolutionizing healthcare by enabling minimally invasive drug delivery and real-time biosensing. This study presents an innovative polymer-based wearable system that integrates SU-8 microneedle arrays with a flexible, stretchable substrate, ensuring close skin conformity. Using a single-step backside lithography technique, we fabricated 3D microneedles, followed by a simplified etching process to produce nanostructured surfaces that enhance sensing functionality. The patch supports metal and dielectric deposition, enabling versatile sensing configurations. As a proof of concept, the device demonstrated reproducible performance for hydrogen peroxide electrochemical sensing. Tests on a skin mimic model confirmed its ability to penetrate successfully, as predicted by simulations. This scalable, cleanroom-compatible technology represents a significant advancement in microneedle-based diagnostics, paving the way for practical and minimally invasive healthcare solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117806"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic self-calibration strategy based on nano-cornucopia MOFs for accurate HER-2 detection in precision breast cancer diagnosis","authors":"Mengai Yin ,&nbsp;Tong Wang ,&nbsp;Zhijie Wang ,&nbsp;Lina Lu ,&nbsp;Bowen Ding ,&nbsp;Jiadong Chi ,&nbsp;Xiangrui Wang ,&nbsp;Lan Xue ,&nbsp;Fuju Dai ,&nbsp;Bingxin Hu ,&nbsp;Jun Jiao ,&nbsp;Qiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With its high porosity and tunable properties, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) serve as nano-cornucopias, unlocking limitless possibilities in biosensing applications. Herein, we designed an ultrasensitive biosensor leveraging MOFs as a multifunctional nano-platform to implement a synergistic self-calibration strategy for the ultra-accurate quantification of breast cancer-related human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2). This approach integrates (1) ratiometric electrochemistry for built-in correction to minimize non-specific interference and (2) dual-modal electrochemical and colorimetric detection for enhanced accuracy through cross-validation. Functionalized NH₂-UiO-66 (Zr-MOF) was employed as a carrier to incorporate a dual-layer of anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid (AQ), creating NH₂-UiO-66@AQ, a highly electroactive nanomaterial for signal amplification. The incorporation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and ionically reduced graphene oxide (IL-rGO) further enhanced conductivity and electrochemical response. Additionally, MOF@FeTCPP nanozyme was synthesized by encapsulating iron (III) meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin chloride (FeTCPP) into HKUST-1 (Cu-MOF), demonstrating exceptional peroxidase-like activity. Coupling this nanozyme with streptavidin (SA) resulted in the formation of a dual-signal nanozyme probe (DSN-Probe) capable of generating both electrochemical and colorimetric signals. The biosensor exhibited a broad detection range (100 fg/mL to 150 ng/mL) with an ultra-low limit of detection (LOD) of 28.509 fg/mL, effectively differentiating HER-2 expression in various cell lines and distinguishing HER-2 levels in serum samples from healthy individuals and breast cancer patients. Its adaptability to electrochemical workstations, microplate readers, and smartphones makes it ideal for point-of-care testing (POCT), reinforcing its potential as a powerful tool for drug mechanism studies and breast cancer diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117813"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen vacancies-driven self-powered photoelectrochemical sensor for acetamiprid detection","authors":"Xiaoran Yang ,&nbsp;Xiang Ren ,&nbsp;Jingui Chen ,&nbsp;Na Song ,&nbsp;Hongmin Ma ,&nbsp;Jinxiu Zhao ,&nbsp;Qin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residues of acetamiprid (ACT) in agricultural products may enter the human body with the diet and subsequently cause potential harm to humans. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a rapid and sensitive method to detect ACT. In this work, a self−powered ACT photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor using W₁₈O₄₉/CdS as photoanode, BiOCl as photocathode, and Au@PANI as the signal amplification marker was constructed. The matched band gap structure of the W₁₈O₄₉/CdS can effectively accelerate the charge transfer, laying the foundation for a strong and stable photocurrent response at the cathode. In particular, the introduction of oxygen vacancies can induce defects on the surface of the photosensitive material, facilitating the separation of photogenerated carriers. When the target analyte ACT was introduced, the signal amplification was achieved by using ACT to compete with c−DNA for specific binding sites and inducing p−DNA−Au@PANI shedding. With the synergistic effect of the above multiple strategies, the designed sensor exhibits good linearity in the range of 100 fM ∼1 μM with a detection limit of 65.8 fM (S/N = 3). In addition, the sensor has excellent selectivity, stability, reproducibility, and also shows good analytical performance in real sample. It provides a reliable method for detection of ACT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117814"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D interconnected conductive network architectures of layered double hydroxides nanosheets anchored in MXene for particularly sensitive electrochemical biosensing platform","authors":"Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Yao Zhu ,&nbsp;Long Qian ,&nbsp;Yuhao Yin ,&nbsp;Ziyu Yuan ,&nbsp;Yuting Dai ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongya Yang ,&nbsp;Fengxian Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of precise and sensitive electrochemical sensing methods for organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is crucial for effective contamination regulation in food and environmental resources. In this study, a novel biosensing platform, AChE-Chit/PPy/NiFe LDH/TM/GCE (APLTMG), was constructed based on the activity inhibition mechanism of the chitosan (Chit) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) system as the biorecognition element for the rapid detection of dimethoate. The NiFe LDHs, characterized by bimetallic active sites, are deposited onto the Ti₃C₂ (TM) substrate with superior conductivity and integrated with a three-dimensional (3D) conductive network of polypyrrole (PPy). This configuration facilitates rapid charge transfer and serves to enhance performance through a synergistic effect. On this basis, the APLTMG biosensor demonstrates exceptional sensitivity with a low detection limit (1.459 × 10⁻¹¹ mol L⁻¹), good recovery rates (97.43 %–106.92 %), and reasonable relative standard deviation (RSD) or coefficient of variation (CV) (&lt;7.8 %) for dimethoate in real samples. Besides, it is worth noting that the APLTMG exhibits the comparable repeatability, good reproducibility, stable storage performance, prominent selectivity and detection accuracy in comparison with LC-MS. This work provides valuable insights for the development of highly sensitive biosensors based on three-dimensional conductive architectures, with potential applications in ecological resource management and food safety monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117812"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous monitoring of dsDNA fragments for biomanufacturing: Sensor development and feasibility study","authors":"Selina A.J. Janssen ,&nbsp;Arthur M. de Jong ,&nbsp;Menno W.J. Prins","doi":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bios.2025.117808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomanufacturing processes based on cellular systems are difficult to set up and control due to variabilities in the bioreactor (upstream processing) and in the extraction and purification steps thereafter (downstream processing). For better understanding, monitoring, and control of these processes, sensors are needed that can measure biomolecular constituents such as small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids. Here, we describe the development of a continuous sensor to monitor host cell DNA, which can function as a marker for cell death in upstream processing and as a marker for product impurity in downstream processing. We present a sensor for the measurement of double-stranded DNA fragments (dsDNA) using anti-dsDNA antibodies in a continuous biosensor based on particle motion with a competition format. Experimental results show that the sensor has reversible interactions with dsDNA fragments of different base pair lengths and gives responses in nano- and micromolar concentration ranges. Particles with varying motion behaviors are distinguished, and their dose-response characteristics are compared. Finally, fluctuating dsDNA concentrations are measured, and the next steps are defined for the development of sensors for the continuous monitoring of host cell DNA in biomanufacturing processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":259,"journal":{"name":"Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"288 ","pages":"Article 117808"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}