Y. Kim, Y. Liu, R. Wali, H. Roy, M. Goldberg, A. Kromine, K. Chen, V. Backman
{"title":"Light scattering \"fingerprints\" of initial pre-dysplastic events in colon carcinogenesis","authors":"Y. Kim, Y. Liu, R. Wali, H. Roy, M. Goldberg, A. Kromine, K. Chen, V. Backman","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279432","url":null,"abstract":"We report detection of slight alterations of tissue micro-architecture by recording multidimensional data characterizing tissue light scattering. In the animal studies, we show that these light scattering \"fingerprints\" change dramatically even in the earliest pre-dysplastic stages of carcinogenesis, much earlier than currently known histological, molecular, or genetic markers.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"66 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124502609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification of imaginary tasks from three channels of EEG by using an artificial neural network","authors":"Jie Deng, Bin He","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1280372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1280372","url":null,"abstract":"We used an artificial neural network to recognize imaginary left or right hand movements from scalp recorded EEC signals. Subjects were asked to imagine moving their left or right hand when indicated by a visual cue. Three channels were used in the present study to test the feasibility of a practical brain computer interface system. C3, C4, and Fz were selected based on the fact that they showed distinct difference between power spectrum density (PSD) of imaginary left and right hand movements. The PSD features of the three channels were fed onto the artificial neural network and the output was left or right imaginary movement. Testing results in three subjects with 90 trials show an average success rate of 72.2%.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128949926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Detection of spiculated lesions in mammograms","authors":"M. Sampat, A. Bovik","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279888","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a new technique for the detection of spiculated masses in digitized mammograms. The techniques consist of two stages, enhancement of spiculations followed by the detection of the location where they converge. We describe a new algorithm for the enhancement and a new set of linear image filters which we have created for the detection stage. We have tested the algorithm on digitized mammograms obtained from the digital database for screening mammography (DDSM). Results of the detection algorithm are shown. Finally we show that the algorithm may be modified for the detection of architectural distortions.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123806857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Arai, K. Tsukada, E. Sekizuka, C. Oshio, S. Terao, K. Hase, H. Minamitani
{"title":"RBC flow imaging and pO/sub 2/ measurement in cerebral microcirculation:effect of hemodilution on oxygen supply to brain cortical arterioles","authors":"T. Arai, K. Tsukada, E. Sekizuka, C. Oshio, S. Terao, K. Hase, H. Minamitani","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279426","url":null,"abstract":"Hemodilution is still one of the taken therapy in stroke due to increase in cardiac output and decrease in blood viscosity. However, it is not clear the effect of a decrease in oxygen carrying capacity on oxygen supplying to the brain. The aim of this study is to seek the effect of isovolemic hemodilution on oxygen supply. We observed RBC flow rate and oxygen tension pO/sub 2/ on brain cortical arterioles by using closed cranial window, high-speed videomicroscopy and oxygen dependent quenching of phosphorescence technique. The result showed that RBC flow rate increased about four times from base line and pO2 values were kept within a arteliolar biological state (about a range from 70 to 90mmHg) until Hb was about l0g/dl, respectively. And more severe hemodilution made the both values decrease acutely. The results suggest the increase of RBC flow caused by isovolemic hemodilution keeps supplying oxygen to the brain cortex as low as Hb is l0g/dl.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132537819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dimitris N. Metaxas, L. Axel, Z. Hu, A. Montillo, Kyoungju Park, Z. Qian
{"title":"Segmentation and analysis of 3D cardiac motion from tagged MRI images","authors":"Dimitris N. Metaxas, L. Axel, Z. Hu, A. Montillo, Kyoungju Park, Z. Qian","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279527","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives an overview of our framework for the automated segmentation and motion analysis of cardiac motion from MRI tagging lines. It consists of a series of novel methods which utilize theory from image processing, deformable models and finite elements. Our framework consists of several steps. In the first step we use Gabor filter banks and deformable models for the automatic segmentation of tagging lines and cardiac boundaries. The extracted tagging lines and boundaries are then used as input to a volumetric deformable model for the heart's motion estimation analysis. In this step we first extract parameters that can determine the difference between a normal and a pathologic heart motion. Second, using an expectation-maximization methodology (EM) we are able to determine a given heart's stress-strain relationship and fiber orientation. Our hypothesis is that the 3D shape and motion analysis of the heart will allow the faster and timely diagnosis of heart disease compared to traditional 2D methods. We present a series of segmentation, shape, motion and tissue property analysis results.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128840284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Periarticular reflexes contribute to joint stiffness during valgus loading at the knee","authors":"Y. Dhaher, A. Tsoumanis, W. Rymer","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279607","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the contribution of periarticular tissue afferents to knee joint varus/valgus stiffness we applied an abducting positional deflection to the fully extended knee using a servomotor and recorded the torque response using a six degree-of-freedom load-cell. EMG activity in pre-activated quadriceps and hamstrings muscles were also recorded with surface electrodes. A simple linear second order delayed model was used to describe the knee joint dynamics in the medial/lateral direction. Our results revealed that periarticular tissue reflexes resulted in a significant increase of the joint's varus-valgus stiffness. In contrast to stretch reflex action, which is modulated with background force, the periarticular tissue reflexes showed modest dependence on muscle force.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121145105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Otto Schmitt: a father of biomedical engineering and master Gadgeteer","authors":"R. Patterson","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1280892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1280892","url":null,"abstract":"Otto Schmitt was one of the early fathers of biomedical engineering. Besides inventing the Schmitt trigger, which most electrical engineers are familiar with, he developed many other instruments and made significant contributions to electrophysiology. He created an excellent vector cardiographic lead system (SVEC III). He conducted experiments on the effect of electromagnetic fields on the body. He chaired and served on many of the early committees involved with developing biomedical engineering and on the safety of electromagnetic fields. In his later years, biomimetics was a very strong interest. Schmitt gave many talks outlining what future activities the field should undertake.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129026364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Speckle noise reduction and segmentation on polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography images","authors":"H. Choi, T. Milner, A. Bovik","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279428","url":null,"abstract":"The retinal layers of a monkey were imaged using a polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) system in an effort to develop a clinically reliable automatic diagnostic system for glaucoma. Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive loss of ganglion cells and axons in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Automatic segmentation of the RNFL from the PS-OCT images is a fundamental step to diagnose the progress of the disease. Due to the use of a coherent light, speckle noise is inherent in the images. Wavelet denoising techniques with a combination of image processing techniques were applied to remove the speckle noise in the PS-OCT images, and a fuzzy logic classifier was used to segment the RNFL. A significant signal to noise ratio improvement was observed qualitatively and quantitatively after the denoising. The upper boundary for the RNFL was reliably detected, but the lower boundary detection still remains as a problem.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131763425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal dose versus isotherm as lesion boundary estimator for cardiac and hepatic radio-frequency ablation","authors":"D. Haemmerich, J. G. Webster, D. M. Mahvi","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1279532","url":null,"abstract":"Radio-frequency (RF) ablation is a therapy that destroys pathologic tissue by heat. Cardiac ablation is a widely used treatment method for a number of cardiac arrhythmias. Hepatic ablation is becoming an increasingly popular for treatment of liver tumors. Mathematical ablation models have been developed to predict dimensions of inflicted tissue damage (i.e. RF lesion). In most models the 50 /spl deg/C isotherm has been used to determine boundary between viable and dead tissue. It is well known that accurate damage prediction has to take the temperature history (i.e. thermal dose) into account. We implemented the widely used Arrhenius damage model into our finite element method computer models of cardiac and hepatic RF ablation. We simulated cardiac ablation for 45 s, and hepatic ablation for 12 min. We compared the lesion boundary determined by the damage model to the 50 /spl deg/C isotherm. For the cardiac model, the isotherm overestimated the lesion diameter by 4.8%. For hepatic ablation model, the isotherm underestimated the lesion diameter by 4 %. For short treatment times below 30 s in cardiac ablation, and for long treatment times in hepatic ablation above 20 min, the thermal dose should be used to determine lesion dimensions since the isotherm results in large errors in these cases.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"125 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113972773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of different cortical potential imaging methods using simulated EEG data","authors":"Jun Yao, J. Dewald","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1280159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2003.1280159","url":null,"abstract":"Different cortical potential imaging methods have been developed to directly link the scalp potentials with the cortical potentials. These methods make it possible to non-invasively investigate cortical activities with high spatial and time resolutions by using scalp EEG. However, although there are many different cortical potential imaging methods available, up to now, the accuracy and efficiency of these methods have not been rigorously evaluated nor compared. In this paper, we investigated a total of five different methods using ten different scenarios that employ simulated scalp EEG data with or without noise. Our results showed that 1), when only the center of electrical cortical activity needs to be estimated, single moving dipole and single dipole deviation scan methods are more accurate and more efficient than current density methods; and 2), with respect to current density methods, which are useful when the number of sources are unknown, the LORETA method with the L1-norm gives the highest accuracy, however, at a significant computational cost.","PeriodicalId":258551,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116848564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}