{"title":"Performance modeling for IEEE 802.11 vehicle-to-infrastructure networks with directional antennas","authors":"Ke Xu, Benjamin T. Garrison, Kuang-Ching Wang","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698259","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an analytical throughput model for IEEE 802.11-based vehicle-to-infrastructure networks with omni-directional antennas (OA) and directional antennas (DA) applied in three different ways. The model considers the antenna gain pattern, multipath effect, co-channel interference, variable link rates and mobility effects. When DAs are applied, the deafness and hidden terminal problems are considered. With the model, the paper compares throughputs of an 802.11g V2I network where (i) all-omni: all nodes (its access point and mobile stations) always employ OAs, (ii) half-omni: all nodes use OAs for RTS/CTS and DAs for DATA/ACK transmissions, and (iii) all-directional: all nodes always employ DAs for all transmissions. The mobility effect is modeled as a throughput scaling factor considering the antenna beam coverage. Numerical evaluation of the models reveals consistently best performance with the half-omni scheme due to the higher link rate and effective avoidance of interference caused by deafness and hidden terminal problems.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115673733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative model for evaluate routing protocols in a vehicular ad hoc networks on highway","authors":"Florent Kaisser, C. Johnen, V. Vèque","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698255","url":null,"abstract":"Our main goal is to provide the best management protocols for vehicular Ad Hoc network (VANET), more precisely, to determine the best routing protocol. In this paper, we focus on VANET built on highway where cars run in the same direction. We introduce a quantitative model in order to evaluate existing routing protocols. We use this model to compare two main classes of routing protocols, topological protocols and geographic protocols. The studied criterium is the scalability property, i.e. performance preservation in spite of the substantially increasing of network size.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123170620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Little, A. Agarwal, J. Chau, M. Figueroa, Aaron Ganick, J. Lobo, Travis Rich, Peter Schimitsch
{"title":"Directional communication system for short-range vehicular communications","authors":"T. Little, A. Agarwal, J. Chau, M. Figueroa, Aaron Ganick, J. Lobo, Travis Rich, Peter Schimitsch","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698230","url":null,"abstract":"Improving safety in vehicles is achieved today by improving their ability to perceive and react to threats in the environment. Much effort is directed towards increasing the safety envelope around each vehicle with the introduction of increasingly sophisticated sensor technology (e.g., ultrasound, video, thermal imaging, and LIDAR). This envelope can also be increased by leveraging the exchange of safety messages between neighboring vehicles through localized communications between and among vehicles. This paper describes the requirements for messaging in a nearest-neighbor data interchange for several types of safety threats and makes a case for directional communications. The results of our analysis indicate performance limitations for omnidirectional communications and favors a directional scheme. The packet delay approaches 300ms for IEEE 802.11 at a density of 100 vehicles/km in saturation mode for backoff window parameter (W=128). This value is equivalent or close to the human reaction time and is considered unsuitable for safety messaging applicaitons. The design and development of a prototype directional communication system implemented with optical transceivers is described; its related application in providing improved situational awareness in conjunction with an in-car computer platform connected to a local GPS unit and on-board data monitoring interface is also described.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"24 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133053640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revised self-certified implicit certificate scheme for anonymous communications in vehicular networks","authors":"N. M. Rabadi","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698269","url":null,"abstract":"A self-certified implicit certificate has desirable features which are suitable for use in constrained environments such as in vehicular communication networks. An implicit certificate is shorter in length than an explicit certificate. A self-certified implicit certificate scheme allows a user to generate its private key and the associated public key. It is also desirable in vehicular communication networks to protect the privacy of drivers and preserve their anonymity. In this paper, we propose a broadcast communication protocol to preserve the anonymity of drivers using a self-certified implicit certificate scheme. We revise our previously proposed broadcast communication protocol to solve its linkability problem. In our proposed scheme, recipients of a broadcast message in Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication networks, for example, can authenticate and validate the integrity of the message without identifying the transmitter. In case of a dispute and malicious activities, the identity of the vehicle which broadcasted the disputed message can be revealed only by a trusted authority.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133494845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Samardzija, Erne Kovac, D. Isailovic, Bojan Miladinovic, N. Teslic, M. Katona
{"title":"Road Nail: Intelligent road marking system testbed","authors":"D. Samardzija, Erne Kovac, D. Isailovic, Bojan Miladinovic, N. Teslic, M. Katona","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698254","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present Road Nail, an intelligent road marking system with the wireless network of signaling devices that are mounted near the road edge. “Nails” or signaling devices are autonomous nodes with capability to accumulate electrical energy into battery which is obtained from solar panels. In addition, the nodes exchange wireless messages, detect approaching vehicles and emit signalization light. We have built an experimental testbed that consists of 20 nodes and a cellular gateway. In this paper, implementation details of the above system, including extensive measurements and performance evaluations in realistic field deployments are presented.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131691985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wai Chen, R. Guha, J. Chennikara-Varghese, Marcus Pang, Rama Vuyyuru, J. Fukuyama
{"title":"Context-driven disruption tolerant networking for vehicular applications","authors":"Wai Chen, R. Guha, J. Chennikara-Varghese, Marcus Pang, Rama Vuyyuru, J. Fukuyama","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698265","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe how a context-driven disruption tolerant network may be utilized for vehicular applications. The key concept involves utilizing contextual information pertaining to space and time settings of applications to drive networking functions. As a result, the performance characteristics may be better attuned to the time-scale of relevant vehicular applications. We discuss the protocol highlights and present a compact grid-based method for performance evaluation of such systems. Novel metrics such as information freshness demonstrate the discrete nature of information dissemination. Additionally, we observe that asymptotic evaluation of metrics such as packet delivery ratio do not provide a realistic picture of application performance. As a consequence, the time-scale of interest for the applications becomes crucial.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122291681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using DTMon to monitor transient flow traffic","authors":"H. Arbabi, Michele C. Weigle","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698241","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluate the performance of the DTMon dynamic traffic monitoring system to measure travel times and speeds in transient flow traffic caused by non-recurring congestion. DTMon uses vehicular networks and roadside infrastructure to collect data from passing vehicles. We show DTMon's ability to gather high-quality real-time traffic data such as travel time and speed. These metrics can be used to detect transitions in traffic flow (e.g., caused by congestion) especially where accurate flow rate information is not available. We evaluate the accuracy and latency of DTMon in providing traffic measurements using two different methods of message delivery. We show the advantages of using dynamically-defined measurement points for monitoring transient flow traffic. We compare DTMon with currently in-use probe-based systems (e.g., AVL) and fixed-point sensors and detectors (e.g., ILD).","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116766000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DMND: Collecting data from mobiles using Named Data","authors":"Jiangzhe Wang, R. Wakikawa, Lixia Zhang","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698270","url":null,"abstract":"Technology advances in both computations and wireless communications have made it economically feasible for manufacturers to collect data from all the cars in order to monitor their operations and detect any potential problems. However to make this a reality requires a new architecture that can effectively handle vehicle mobility, intermittent connectivity, and data security, as well as scale to large number of vehicles. In this paper we address these design challenges by exploring the direction of Named Date Networking (NDN) (aka CCN1). We evaluated our design, dubbed DMND, through simulations in Qualnet. Our results show that, when data publishers (vehicles) are stationary, more than 99% of collection requests can successfully pull data packets back; even when vehicles move at a high speed of 40–50 meters per second (89.48–111.8 miles/hour), DMND can still retain its high efficiency of 97% of data replies. In contrast, under the same simulation experimental setting, the request-reply ratio of MobileIP drops from 97.9% for static publishers to 9.6% when publishers are moving at a speed of 10–20 meters/second (22.37–44.74 miles/hour).","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114701773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributing location-dependent data in VANETs by guiding data traffic to high vehicle density areas","authors":"Junichiro Okamoto, S. Ishihara","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698248","url":null,"abstract":"It is useful to share location-dependent data items generated by vehicles such as a picture image of a traffic accident and the traffic condition around an intersection in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) for improving the driver safety and comfort. In VANETs, due to the mobility of vehicles, it is difficult to reliably access data on other nodes. To improve the accessibility of data from a vehicle to a vehicle, it will be effective to distribute replicas of location-dependent data in a certain areas such as the area around the birthplace of the data item so that a request message geocasted to a location of interest can reache a vehicle that has the replica of the requested data item. In this paper, we propose an information-sharing scheme for location-dependent data items generated by vehicles using the push and pull approaches to balance the reliable message delivery and the traffic for the data dissemination called “assigning populated area as message storage area (APAM) scheme”. In the APAM scheme, request messages for location-dependent data are sent from each vehicle to locations along routes where there are many vehicles. Additionally, replicas of the data items are distributed around the birthplace and on the main streets where the vehicle density is high. These operations enable the request messages to encounter the vehicles that have the replica of the corresponding data item on the main streets. Simulation results showed that the proposed scheme improved the access success rate compared with the existing strategies that distribute replicas to vehicles near the birthplace of the original data items.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130071894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visible light positioning: Automotive use case","authors":"R. Roberts, P. Gopalakrishnan, Somya Rathi","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698229","url":null,"abstract":"The use of positioning sensors on automobiles is becoming increasingly common with the desire to facilitate utility and traffic safety by giving the driver information on the automobiles position relative to the surroundings. In this paper we introduce a positioning technique based upon automobile LED lighting — either taillights or headlights — that we believe is cost effective, low complexity, offers the promise of high accuracy while using existing automobile illumination lighting.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122229087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}