{"title":"Constrained geocast to support Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) merging","authors":"W. K. Wolterink, G. Heijenk, G. Karagiannis","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698268","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we introduce a new geocasting concept to target vehicles based on where they will be in the direct future, in stead of their current position. We refer to this concept as constrained geocast. This may be useful in situations where vehicles have interdependencies based on (future) maneuvers. We have developed a first version of such a protocol in the context of an automated merging application, and tested it using simulations. Results show that the protocol is able to meet the requirements of such applications. Compared to a common geo-broadcast protocol this protocol becomes more reliable as road traffic densities increase, but in other aspects the performance is so far lacking. Based on our experiences with implementing the protocol however we see plenty of room for further improvement.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124067965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Schmidt, Robert Lasowski, Tim Leinmiiller, Claudia Linnhoff-Popien, G. Schäfer
{"title":"An approach for selective beacon forwarding to improve cooperative awareness","authors":"R. Schmidt, Robert Lasowski, Tim Leinmiiller, Claudia Linnhoff-Popien, G. Schäfer","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698243","url":null,"abstract":"Cooperative awareness is established by vehicles exchanging their status frequently. In situations where a high number of vehicles access the communication channel with high frequency, communication and cooperative awareness suffer from increased packet loss. So far, forwarding of beacons focuses on extending the range of V2V communication which is not necessarily needed in most scenarios. In this paper, we motivate selective beacon forwarding to improve the reliability of cooperative awareness in high load situations. We define a metric to measure the quality of cooperative awareness and compare different static beacon rates by a simulation study. Especially in high load situations, we evaluate selective forwarding of beacons to overcome the awareness degradation due to interference, leading to packet loss even at short distances. We show that our approach causes only slight overhead in terms of additional messages and that the age of forwarded information is less than half the beacon interval.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124186095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. D. Crescenzo, Y. Ling, S. Pietrowicz, Zhang Tao
{"title":"Non-interactive malicious behavior detection in vehicular networks","authors":"G. D. Crescenzo, Y. Ling, S. Pietrowicz, Zhang Tao","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698267","url":null,"abstract":"We lay ground for a comprehensive investigation of “traffic-related” threats to vehicular networks. While current research in the vehicular networks security area has done a good job in recognizing standard security and cryptographic threats, detailed modeling and analysis of threats that are specific to vehicle traffic are rarely considered in the literature. In this paper we study the problem of modeling traffic-related attacks in vehicular networks and presenting automatic and efficient (i.e., no human intervention and no expensive cryptographic protocols) solutions to prevent or tolerate a number of these attacks. To prevent these attacks, we propose techniques based on the capability of implementing simple and non-interactive voting algorithms using the mere participations of vehicles to the vehicular network. We provide analysis and simulation results in typical urban environments validating our techniques. Previous work required interactive protocols to implement voting or consensus techniques and implicitly left open the question we solve in this paper.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127538304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Eckhoff, C. Sommer, Tobias Gansen, R. German, F. Dressler
{"title":"Strong and affordable location privacy in VANETs: Identity diffusion using time-slots and swapping","authors":"D. Eckhoff, C. Sommer, Tobias Gansen, R. German, F. Dressler","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698239","url":null,"abstract":"Public acceptance, and thus the economical success of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), is highly dependent on the quality of deployed privacy mechanisms. Neither users nor operators should be able to track a given individual. One approach to facilitate this is the usage of pseudonym pools, which allow vehicles to autonomously switch between different identities. We extend this scheme with that of a time-slotted pseudonym pool of static size, reducing the storage and computation needs of the envisioned Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) while further improving users' privacy. In addition, we allow the exchange of pseudonyms between nodes, eliminating the mapping between vehicles and pseudonyms even for operators of the VANET. Here, we support the exchange of both the currently used pseudonym and those of future time-slots, further enhancing users' privacy. We evaluate the feasibility of our approach and back up privacy claims by performing a simulative study of the system using the entropy of nodes' anonymity sets as the primary metric.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132203837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infrastructure-assisted geo-routing for cooperative vehicular networks","authors":"Diego Borsetti, J. Gozálvez","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698271","url":null,"abstract":"Cooperative vehicular systems require the design of reliable and efficient multi-hop networking protocols to achieve their foreseen benefits. Although many geo-routing protocols have been proposed in the literature, few contributions have analysed the benefits that road side infrastructure units could provide to successfully route data from source to destination. In this context, this paper proposes a novel infrastructure-assisted routing approach designed to improve the end-to-end performance, range and operation of multi-hop vehicular communications by exploiting the reliable interconnection of infrastructure units. The conducted investigation shows that the proposed infrastructure-assisted routing approach achieves its objectives, and reduces the routing overhead compared to other greedy position-based geo-routing protocols. Finally, the paper shows that to obtain the maximum benefits from the proposed infrastructure-assisted routing approach, optimal infrastructure deployment strategies must be further investigated.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130833193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An efficient road-based directional broadcast protocol for urban VANETs","authors":"L. Tung, M. Gerla","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698231","url":null,"abstract":"Directional broadcast was proposed in VANETs in order to disseminate data to other vehicles efficiently. However, traditional directional broadcast protocols cannot provide good enough efficiency for VANETs, especially in the urban area. In this paper, we propose an efficient road-based directional broadcast protocol for VANETs in urban environment. We avoid misclassification problem that traditional directional broadcast protocols have by selecting relay nodes based on which roads they are on. In addition, due to obstacles in urban area, the inter-vehicle communication at an intersection is unreliable. To increase the chance of propagating data toward all directions at an intersection, our protocol classifies vehicles into groups based on road, and selects a relay node with the best line-of-sight for each group. Simulations show that our approach has better efficiency and reliability than existing broadcast protocols.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133039497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical layer assisted security for mobile OFDM networks","authors":"Fangming He, H. Man, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698262","url":null,"abstract":"Secure wireless communication is a challenging problem due to the shared nature of the wireless medium and the dynamic channel. Most of the existing security mechanisms focus on traditional cryptographic schemes. In recent years, features of multi-path channels, such as randomness, coherence and reciprocity, have driven researchers to exploit their potential to enhance the security of mobile wireless networks. As OFDM occupies wide bandwidth, it will experience a prolific source of multi-path components. In this paper, we comprehensively exploit the inherent physical features of the multi-path fading channel to achieve continuous two way authentication between mobile terminals. In our scheme, the coherence of the time-variant channel for the continuous symbols is exploited to achieve authentication of the OFDM communication networks. Unlike other channel-based approaches, the coherence of both amplitude and phase of the channel signature in the continuous symbol is utilized to enhance the security of the OFDM communication network. More specifically, the receiver will detect the channel response continuously according to the inserted pilots and identify the legal user based on the statistical channel signature information. Simulation results indicate the high efficiency of our proposed method.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134452608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Si Chen, A. Wyglinski, S. Pagadarai, Rama Vuyyuru, O. Altintas
{"title":"Feasibility analysis of vehicular dynamic spectrum access via queueing theory model","authors":"Si Chen, A. Wyglinski, S. Pagadarai, Rama Vuyyuru, O. Altintas","doi":"10.1109/MCOM.2011.6069723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2011.6069723","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a feasibility analysis for performing vehicular dynamic spectrum access across vacant television spectral channels via a queueing theory approach that is primarily based on a multi-server, multi-priority, preemptive queue. Queueing theory has been extensively employed in the open literature to model wireless multiple access architectures as well as analyze network performance in both wired and wireless communication frameworks. On the other hand, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there does not exist a queueing theory approach designed to analyze dynamic spectrum access networks on a system level, including the specific case of vehicular dynamic spectrum access (VDSA). Leveraging previously reported quantitative measurements obtained from a wireless spectrum measurement campaign conducted along a major interstate highway (I-90) located in Massachusetts, we modeled vacant TV channels as a multi-server queueing system in which available servers represent vacant channels. The servers become unavailable in a time/location-varying fashion such that they represent spatially occupied TV channels. Both M/M/m and M/G/m models are employed to evaluate the probability that a vehicle finds all channels busy, as well as to derive the expected waiting times and the expected number of channel switches. We also consider cases where there are multiple priority classes of service requests such as a channel request by a first-responder vehicle.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130657795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ching-Ling Huang, H. Krishnan, R. Sengupta, Y. P. Fallah
{"title":"Implementation and evaluation of scalable Vehicle-to-Vehicle transmission control protocol","authors":"Ching-Ling Huang, H. Krishnan, R. Sengupta, Y. P. Fallah","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698235","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications play a critical role in enabling important cooperative safety applications. V2V safety communications rely on broadcast of self-state information (e.g., position, speed, and heading) by each vehicle, which allows a vehicle to track its neighboring vehicles in real-time. One of the most pressing challenges in this research is to maintain an acceptable tracking accuracy of neighboring vehicles while avoiding congestion in the shared communication channel. In this paper we describe the evaluation of a transmission control protocol that adapts the message rate and transmission power for V2V safety communications. This protocol has been implemented on V2V test vehicles with wireless radios and integrated with existing active safety applications. The testing and evaluation results show that proposed communication design works well in practice, its performance matches the observation from previous simulations and shows great promise for a large-scale deployment of V2V cooperative safety systems.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130726241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Meireles, Mate Boban, P. Steenkiste, O. Tonguz, J. Barros
{"title":"Experimental study on the impact of vehicular obstructions in VANETs","authors":"Rui Meireles, Mate Boban, P. Steenkiste, O. Tonguz, J. Barros","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2010.5698233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2010.5698233","url":null,"abstract":"Channel models for vehicular networks typically disregard the effect of vehicles as physical obstructions for the wireless signal. We aim to clarify the validity of this simplification by quantifying the impact of obstructions through a series of wireless experiments. Using two cars equipped with Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) hardware designed for vehicular use, we perform experimental measurements in order to collect received signal power and packet delivery ratio information in a multitude of relevant scenarios: parking lot, highway, suburban and urban canyon. Upon separating the data into line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS) categories, our results show that obstructing vehicles cause significant impact on the channel quality. A single obstacle can cause a drop of over 20 dB in received signal strength when two cars communicate at a distance of 10 m. At longer distances, NLOS conditions affect the usable communication range, effectively halving the distance at which communication can be achieved with 90% chance of success. The presented results motivate the inclusion of vehicles in the radio propagation models used for VANET simulation in order to increase the level of realism.","PeriodicalId":257339,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131438403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}