應用經濟論叢最新文献

{"title":"社群媒體情緒與房市交易資訊關係之檢視","authors":"朱芳妮 朱芳妮, Fang-Ni Chu 高嘉璘, 洪志興 Chia-Lin Kao, 陳明吉 Chih-Hsing Hung","doi":"10.53106/054696002023060113003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002023060113003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 透過社群網路搜尋人們的看法評價作為參考已成為現代人做決策的一種方式，過去文獻已發現傳統媒體是影響市場的重要因素，本文進一步了解社群媒體與房市變化是否有關聯。本文使用OpView社群口碑資料庫2016年至2020年有關房市的臉書 (Facebook) 與論壇 (PTT) 貼文，建構社群媒體情緒聲量指標，與房價、交易量、流通天數、議價空間等四個房市交易資訊以進行關係的實證測試。結果顯示Facebook與PTT社群總情緒聲量或區分為正面、負面、中立情緒之測試，可發現對房價與房屋交易量有顯著影響力，但對房屋流通天數與議價空間就只有PTT社群情緒聲量發現影響力。在Granger因果關係檢定方面，房價與交易量與社群情緒聲量互為因果，也就是發生回饋的情況，然社群情緒聲量僅單向影響流通天數，並與議價空間有很弱的因果關係。透過觀察衝擊反應函數，Facebook社群情緒聲量對房價在衝擊發生的初期有正向且顯著的影響，PTT社群情緒聲量則是對房價、議價空間分別有相對較長期間的正向、負向影響。本文證實社群媒體對於房市具有一定程度的影響力，透過觀察社群情緒聲量能對房市變化更有掌握。\u0000 Online social networks have become a popular channel through which individuals obtain opinions and evaluations that enable them to make informed decisions. Studies have determined that traditional media are a key factor influencing various markets. The present study explored the relationship between social media and housing market changes. The OpView database was searched to retrieve online responses posted between 2016 and 2020 on various social media platforms (i.e., Facebook and PTT). Social media sentiment indices, which were constructed on the basis of the collected online responses, were used to analyze the correlations of the responses with housing price, transaction volume, time-on-the-market, and price concessions. The results indicate that the general, positive, negative, and neutral online responses posted on Facebook and PTT significantly influenced both housing prices and transaction volume. However, only the online responses posted on PTT significantly affected time-on-the-market and price concessions. The results of a Granger causality test revealed the two-way causal relationships of housing prices and transaction volume with online responses, indicating the presence of a feedback mechanism. However, online responses only affected time-on-the-market in one direction, and their causal relationship with price concessions was weak. The results obtained using the impact response function indicate that the effect of Facebook online responses on housing prices was only significant and positive during the initial period of shock. By contrast, the positive and negative effects of PTT online responses on housing prices and price concessions, respectively, persisted for a longer period. We determined that online social media responses influenced the housing market. Through an analysis of social media sentiment, we obtained a clearer understanding of housing market fluctuations.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133281334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"亞洲年輕人對植物肉漢堡之偏好—以臺灣為例","authors":"陳郁蕙 陳郁蕙, Yu-Hui Chen 戴克進, 何率慈 何率慈","doi":"10.53106/054696002023060113001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002023060113001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 近年來環境永續利用意識興起，人們希望在確保糧食安全同時也能降低碳足跡，這趨勢使得植物肉消費意願在全球逐漸提升。目前在市場上推出的植物肉主要是作為肉類替代品，其中仿牛肉餅口感與口味的植物肉漢堡即是主要品項之一。本研究目的是以年輕族群為研究對象，利用問卷調查及離散選擇試驗法，透過實際品嚐體驗分析影響臺灣年輕族群對植物肉漢堡的偏好因素與其願付價格。研究結果顯示，品嚐經驗將增加年輕族群購買植物肉漢堡的意願；實際品嚐後，年輕族群對植物肉漢堡將更偏好，尤其是多數相信植物肉漢堡較一般牛肉漢堡更健康女性消費族群；無論品嚐經驗如何，年輕族群仍對價格敏感；品嚐後，食物中高飽和脂肪的潛在負面影響可能被忽略，意味著植物肉漢堡的重要性勝過脂肪的營養考量，且在食品替代選擇上扮演重要角色。零售商可藉由舉辦「試吃」的行銷策略，以提高消費者對植物肉的接受度，並將價格維持在年輕族群可接受的水準。或許從零售業者開始，鼓勵其開發更多對初始對植物性肉類不感興趣但在提供品嚐體驗後改變其消費的新客戶，作為改變糧食政策的一個方式。\u0000 The rising trend of plant-based burger in the world market reflects the emerging awareness of ensuring food security while reducing carbon footprints to achieve environmental sustainability. Plant-based meat substitute is introduced to the market to satisfy the demand of those who are willing to reduce the meat consumption but refuse to compromise on the taste of meat. Burger patty mimicking the sensory attributes of beef patty is the primary product of plant-based burger. The purpose of this research is to examine how tasting experience would affect the preferences and willingness to pay by the young generation for plant-based meat substitute burger in Taiwan using discrete choice experiment. The experiment sessions are conducted on campus with the recruitment of undergraduates as participants. Our main results suggest that tasting experience can increase the young people’s willingness to pay for plant-based burger. Young people show stronger preference for the plant-based meat substitute burger after the tasting experiment. Those who have a preference for plant-based meat substitute patty after the tasting experiment are more likely to be females who believe that plant-based meat substitute burger is healthier than beef counterparts. Young people remain to be price sensitive regardless of the tasting experiences. The potential negative effects from higher saturated fat in the food product might be ignored after the tasting, implying the meat substitute patty outweighs other nutritional concerns and play more critical role in determining the change in preferences among food substitutes. Retailers could consider tasting trials as one of their marketing strategies to raise the acceptance of plant-based meat substitutes by the young generation, while keeping the price at the affordable level for young generation across different age groups and occupations. Potential food policy implications can be targeted toward the retailing side to encourage more new customers who might not be interested in such meat substitute but would however alter their behavior when tasting events are available.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121732649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"考慮內生要素和環境變數問題下探討我國銀行業經濟效率","authors":"黃台心 黃台心, Tai-Hsin Huang 林宜君, Yi-Chun Lin 曾塍睿, Cheng-Jui Tseng 鄭人瑋","doi":"10.53106/054696002023060113002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002023060113002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本研究改良Amsler et al. (2016, 2017) 的模型，將生產要素與環境變數具有內生性問題，納入投入面方向距離函數與成本函數，分別探討我國銀行業2002-2019年的技術與成本效率，配置效率隱含在上述兩種效率之差額。推導出誤差項的機率密度函數後，採用最大概似法進行估計並計算各種效率值。實證分析結果支持方向距離函數應考慮內生要素與環境變數，成本函數也應考慮內生環境變數。樣本銀行的配置無效率比技術無效率嚴重，尤以泛公營銀行最高，外商銀行最低；將樣本期間切成兩部分，發現除外商銀行外，各種效率值有惡化趨勢；樣本銀行享有規模與範疇經濟，擴大營運規模與產品多樣化，有利降低營運成本。\u0000 In this study, we modified the model proposed by Amsler, Prokhorov, and Schmidt (2016, 2017) to consider endogenous inputs and environmental variables in directional input distance and cost functions. Compiling data from Taiwan’s banking industry, spanning 2002-2019, we estimated technical, cost, and allocative (in)efficiency measures for sample banks. The maximum likelihood estimation was adopted to obtain the parameter estimates for the above two functions. Empirical results support that the distance function considers endogenous inputs and environmental variables and that the cost function involves endogenous environmental variables. The average value of allocative inefficiency was higher than technical inefficiency, where foreign banks were the most allocatively efficient, followed by private and pan-public banks. The various inefficiency measures tended to deteriorate over time. Since economies of scale and scope prevail in the industry, we recommend that the sample banks expand their operating scale and diversify their financial products to lower the long-run average cost.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130009464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"企業社會責任對企業績效持續性的非線性門檻效果","authors":"周錦梅 周錦梅, 楊子儀 Chin-Mei Chou","doi":"10.53106/054696002023060113004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002023060113004","url":null,"abstract":"本文採用縱橫資料平滑移轉自我迴歸模型 (panel smooth transition autoregressive model, PSTAR) 針對2007年至2018年31家獲得企業公民獎項的台灣大型企業，評估企業社會責任 (corporate social responsibility, CSR) 對企業績效持續性的門檻效果。實證結果顯示企業績效持續性隨著企業投入社會責任活動的不同程度，確實存在異質性、時變性與不對稱的門檻效果。另外，企業社會責任對企業績效表現具有遞延影響作用，當過去企業社會責任指數超過門檻值 (7.875)，企業績效持續性將會快速轉換為更高的持續效果。最後，我們討論企業社會責任與企業績效持續性的實證結果與管理意涵，提供國家當局與企業經營者參考依據，並為未來的相關研究提供方向。  This paper employs a panel smooth transition autoregressive model to assess the threshold effect of corporate social responsibility on firm performance persistence among 31 large Taiwanese firms that won the Corporate Social Responsibility Award from 2007 to 2020. The empirical results indicate that the change in firm performance persistence with the degree of involvement in corporate social responsibility activities exhibits a heterogeneous, time-dependent, and asymmetric threshold effect. In addition, corporate social responsibility is found to have a deferred effect on firm performance, and when the past corporate social responsibility index exceeds a certain threshold value (7.979), firm performance quickly becomes more persistent. Finally, we discuss our empirical results concerning corporate social responsibility and firm performance persistence as well as their management implications, provide reference information for national authorities and corporate managers, and propose directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126692863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"台灣利率政策與所得分配","authors":"鄭漢亮 鄭漢亮","doi":"10.53106/054696002022120112005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002022120112005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 所得分配不均一直以來為重要研究課題，而利率政策與所得分配關聯之研究方興未艾。文獻發現，利率上升可能會擴大所得分配不均，主要是因為低所得家戶容易受到利率上升的影響，產生收入異質性效應。截至目前為止，國內仍欠缺相關文獻。本研究使用工具變數局部投射模型，探討升息與家戶所得分配不均之關聯。實證結果與多數文獻發現一致，因低所得家戶多從事低階工作，在升息的緊縮環境之下，將使低所得家戶薪資及可支配所得減損大於高所得家戶，而使所得差距略擴大。然而，該影響是短暫的，並在2季內逐漸消退。另利用央行理事會會議資訊萃取利率政策衝擊，以局部投射模型進行衝擊反應分析，實證結果發現，前述結論亦成立，具穩健性。\u0000 Income inequality is a major problem, and the relationship between interest rates and income inequality is an extensively studied topic. Literature findings indicate that an increase in interest rates may increase income inequality; this occurs mainly because low-income households are more vulnerable than other households to the effects of interest rate increases. However, in Taiwan, few studies have explored this topic. Thus, the present study applies methods based on local projection instrumental variable regressions to investigate the relationship between interest rate increases and household income inequality. The empirical results are consistent with previous findings. This study revealed that individuals from low-income households are mostly engaged in low-level jobs and that when interest rates increase and economic conditions worsen, their disposable income is reduced to a greater extent relative to that of high-income households, leading to a slightly larger income gap. However, this phenomenon subsides within two quarters. In addition, this study used public information on board meetings to clarify the effects of Taiwan’s interest rate policy. The empirical results obtained through local projections verify the validity and robustness of the aforementioned explanation.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128481444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"關稅配額與價格動態反應之結構性變動分析：以大蒜進口為例","authors":"楊明憲 楊明憲, 楊奕農 Min-Hsien Yang, 吳朝欽 Yi-Nung Yang","doi":"10.53106/054696002022120112002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002022120112002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 大蒜為重要的民生產業，然因國內生產成本高於進口價格，故採取關稅配額方式，以兼顧保護國內生產與支持市場價格。由於關稅配額存在著進口高低關稅之特性，所以國內外價差對於國內價格在進口配額內外之反應時間與程度可能有所不同，本文即以門檻迴歸模型檢定結構轉變與臨界值，並估計配額內外進口的反應落遲時間及對國內價格的衝擊程度。結果顯示結構轉變的臨界值為3,768.12公噸，與進口配額相當接近。在前一期的累計進口量小於或高於臨界值時，國內大蒜價格將受到前5期或前2期國內外價差之影響，且不論前期累計進口量是否超過臨界值，若前期國內價格高於國外價格時，即國內外價差為正時，將推升國內大蒜的價格，也反映我國大蒜市場本質為超額需求的特性。由於存在著結構轉變與前期國內外正負價差的影響不同，本文建議觀察最近月份的累計進口量是否達到臨界值，以作為政府採取緊急或鼓勵進口之決定參考，並建議可適度提高配額，以平穩大蒜價格。\u0000 Garlic is a crucial crop in Taiwan and a tariff-rate quota (TRQ) has been implemented to protect domestic production and market price under Taiwan’s WTO agreement, as the cost of the domestic output is higher than the importing price. The TRQ regime imposes lower tariffs within import quotas and higher tariffs outside of them.This study uses threshold regression models to evidence structural changes in the dynamics of garlic price differentials in Taiwan under the TRQ regime. The estimated structural change threshold for the garlic market was 3,768.12 tons, which is close to the regulated tariff quota. This study also reveals that the domestic price of garlic is affected by previous price differentials for up to 5 months if accumulated imports are less than the TRQ and for only 2 months if accumulated imports are greater than the TRQ. The results indicate a tendency for the domestic garlic price to increase when previous price differentials are positive, reflecting excess demand in the garlic market.Due to structural changes and varying impacts of lagged positive and negative price differentials in previous months, this study suggests monitoring the accumulation of imports in recent months to determine whether it reaches the critical value to maintain the stability of garlic prices under the current TRQ regime. In the future, increasing the TRQ level could also help stabilize Taiwan’s domestic garlic market.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124389848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"逆向房貸與退休族群消費及經濟成長間關係之探討","authors":"林左裕 林左裕, 徐士勛 Tsoyu Calvin Lin","doi":"10.53106/054696002022120112003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002022120112003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 我國政府於2015年開始辦理商業型逆向抵押貸款 (reverse mortgage)，俗稱「以房養老」，旨在協助擁有不動產的高齡族群解決其資產中不動產流動性不足的問題，進而達成活化資產之目的。自2015年開辦至2020年底，商業型不動產逆向抵押貸款核貸件數僅有四千餘件。為了解他國實施之經驗及對消費及經濟之影響，本研究以美國經驗為例，探討以房養老制度是否能達到刺激老年族群消費動能並帶動整體經濟環境的活絡。本研究以自我迴歸分配落遲模型，分析美國2010年第一季至2018年第二季高齡者消費支出、經濟成長率與逆向房貸數量及其他總體經濟變數間之關係。實證結果顯示，依美國之經驗，逆向房貸之推動確實可顯著增加高齡人口之消費支出額，亦可顯著提升經濟成長。因此，參考美國經驗，政府應多加推廣以房養老政策，使銀髮族群透過此機制活化資產，進而刺激消費動能，以達到永續活絡整體經濟之目的。\u0000 In solving the problems of healthcare, along with its longevity, the Taiwan government introduced the reverse mortgage (RM) mechanism for retired groups to revitalize real estate for their living and healthcare expenses. However, there were only less than 5,000 applications for the RM from 2015 to 2020. This study explores the experience of RM implemented in the US through employing the volume of RM applications and other macroeconomic variables on retired individuals’ consumption, and the subsequent economic momentum in the Auto-Regression Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The sample period ranges from 2010Q1 to 2018Q2. Empirical results suggest that the RM application volume has a significant positive effect on the consumption of the elderly and economic growth. Taiwan’s government can take the experience in the U.S. as a lesson to revitalize the real estate properties of retired individuals, stimulate their consumption, solve healthcare problems, and continue economic development.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115952970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"以政府補助計畫之角度建構蘭花產業價值鏈","authors":"薛招治 薛招治, 王俊傑 Chao-Chih Hsueh, 陳佳玟 Chun-Chieh Wang","doi":"10.53106/054696002022120112001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002022120112001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本研究回顧蘭花產業相關之政府補助計畫及相關產業價值鏈文獻，從中萃取各計畫之價值創新類型來建構台灣蘭花產業價值鏈，並利用對應分析比較不同類型申請者及不同時期，藉此瞭解政府在推動蘭花相關研究之科技資源分配趨勢及分布情形。研究樣本為1991至2020年「政府研究資訊系統研究計畫」、「科技部補助研究計畫」及「農委會農業計畫管理系統」等三大資料庫共2,809筆計畫，最終建構蘭花產業價值鏈六大主要價值活動及六大支援價值活動，更進一步提出各主題架構下的創新細節。對應分析結果顯示以研究機構之價值創新活動最為廣泛，教育系統著重在「基因工程研究」、「生產技術」及「蘭花萃取加值應用」等價值活動創新，而政府單位及非營利事業推廣組織則以在「行銷管理」及「產業結構改善」等管理知識上的創新為主，產業界則申請「基因工程研究」及「蘭花萃取加值應用」之創新。另透過跨期比較，主要價值創新活動早期著重在「基因工程研究」，到中後期則偏重「品種改良與繁殖」、「行銷管理」及「生產技術」，而支援價值活動近期才開始重視，以「產業結構改善」及「蘭花萃取加值應用」為創新主軸。本研究所建構之蘭花產業價值鏈，可供政府政策制定、計畫補助及企業實務管理上參考。\u0000 This study reviews the value chain literature and government-sponsored programs related to the orchid industry and related industries and extracts the value innovation types of each program to construct a value chain for Taiwan’s orchid industry. In addition, this study uses correspondence analysis to compare different types of applicants and different time periods to understand the trends in the allocation of government resources to promote orchid-related research and the distribution of resources. The research samples for this study were drawn from three major databases: the Government Research Bulletin Research Project, the Ministry of Science and Technology Grant Research Project and the Agricultural Project Management System of the Council of Agriculture from 1991 to 2020, which contained a total of 2,809 projects. The study finally concluded with the identification of six main value activities and six supporting value activities in the value chain of the orchid industry, and further details of innovation under each thematic framework. The results of the correspondence analysis showed that the research institutions had the widest range of value innovation activities. The education system focused on value innovation activities such as \"genetic engineering research\", \"production technology\", \"orchid extraction and value-added applications\", etc., while the government agencies and not-for-profit promotion organizations focused on innovation in management knowledge such as \"marketing management\" and \"industrial structure improvement\". As to the industry, it has applied for innovations in \"genetic engineering research\" and \"value-added applications of orchid extraction\". In addition, a cross-period comparison showed that the main value innovation activities were focused on \"genetic engineering research\" in the early stages and \"variety improvement and breeding\", \"marketing management\", and \"production technology\" in the middle and late stages. Supporting value activities have only recently begun to be emphasized with \"industrial structure improvement\" and \"orchid extraction and value-added applications\" as their main axes of innovations. The value chain of the orchid industry constructed in this study can be used as a reference for government policy formulation, project subsidies, and practical management of enterprises.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123285563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"純網路銀行與傳統銀行之效率與生產力分析：以日本為例","authors":"陳冠潔 陳冠潔, 張興華 Kuan-Chieh Chen","doi":"10.53106/054696002022120112004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002022120112004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 亞洲首家純網路銀行於2000年在日本誕生，該新興產業以創新技術帶給金融業全新的觀點並改變使用者的生活習性。純網路銀行開放後，是否促使傳統銀行加速改革或是影響營運，此為本文探討的要點。本研究以產出導向距離函數，除了探討純網路銀行與傳統銀行之技術效率，並進一步分析生產力的變動。研究結果顯示，傳統銀行分別在共同技術效率及技術缺口有較佳的表現，然而純網路銀行的共同技術效率在2018年開始呈現反轉。其次，在Malmquist生產力指數方面，純網路銀行比傳統銀行佳，其主要來自於技術效率的改善。\u0000 Asia’s first Internet-only bank was established in Japan in 2000. The emerging industry introduces innovative technologies into the financial industry to bring new perspectives and change users’ habits. This study analyzes whether the establishment of Internet-only banks accelerates the reform and affects the operations of conventional banks. Because Internet-only and conventional banks differ in characteristics and production techniques, this study uses metafrontier output-oriented distance functions to compare the technical efficiency of these two bank types. The results show that conventional banks demonstrate the higher technical efficiency of the metafrontier and technology gap ratio. However, a continual improvement in Internet-only banks’ technical efficiency of the metafrontier has been observed since 2018. Compared with conventional banks, Internet-only banks have a higher Malmquist productivity index. A closer examination reveals that technical efficiency variations constitute the main driver of growth in Internet-only banks.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134270125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"循環經濟發展與產品永續性誘因理論與實證","authors":"顏素真 顏素真, 李堅明 Su-Chen Yuan","doi":"10.53106/054696002022120112006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/054696002022120112006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 產品設計階段將影響產品生命週期80% 的環境衝擊，因此，缺乏環境完整性思維是現行固體廢棄物管理策略的限制。本研究建立產品生命週期收費制度，探討產品生命週期環境完整性與產品永續性誘因設計問題，以及分析綠色投資短視問題。本研究發現如下：(1) 最終產品處置之差別費率相較於固定費率，可提高廠商對產品環境化設計的誘因；(2) 以排放量為費基，將較以廢棄物量為費基，具有較高的生態化設計投資誘因；(3) 差別費率下，較高污染密集廠商或產業愈具有清潔生產的誘因；(4) 提高消費者綠色產品偏好，是激勵綠色生產的重要驅動力；(5) 建立產品永續性等級，創造綠色產品外部效益內部化，是因應廠商投資短視行為的重要誘因設計。本研究進一步以國內資料，驗證相關的學理結果。\u0000 Up to 80% of Product’s environmental impact are determined at design phase, therefore, lacking of environmental integrity thinking is the key shortage of current solid waste management. This paper introduces Product Life Cycle Emission Fee Model to describe how the integrated product policy of life cycle production to encourage the product sustainable design incentive. Besides, we also presents the obstacles of green investment due to the myopic behavior. The key finds are as follows: (1) Adopting a discrimination rate for final waste disposal that would be more effective in encouraging environmentally friendly designing; (2) Higher emission allowance price will facilitate firm to produce much green products; (3) Higher emission intensive of the final disposal wastes will stimulate more productive investment as well as environmentally friendly capital investment, leaving abatement capital stock unchanged; (4) Promoting consumer’s preference of green products is the driving force to facilitate green production of the firm; (5) Internalizing the external benefit of green product is a key strategy to overcome the investment myopic behavior for encouraging environmental design investment. This study further validates the theoretical results with domestic data.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":254216,"journal":{"name":"應用經濟論叢","volume":"470 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114961399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}