循環經濟發展與產品永續性誘因理論與實證

Abstract

產品設計階段將影響產品生命週期80% 的環境衝擊，因此，缺乏環境完整性思維是現行固體廢棄物管理策略的限制。本研究建立產品生命週期收費制度，探討產品生命週期環境完整性與產品永續性誘因設計問題，以及分析綠色投資短視問題。本研究發現如下：(1) 最終產品處置之差別費率相較於固定費率，可提高廠商對產品環境化設計的誘因；(2) 以排放量為費基，將較以廢棄物量為費基，具有較高的生態化設計投資誘因；(3) 差別費率下，較高污染密集廠商或產業愈具有清潔生產的誘因；(4) 提高消費者綠色產品偏好，是激勵綠色生產的重要驅動力；(5) 建立產品永續性等級，創造綠色產品外部效益內部化，是因應廠商投資短視行為的重要誘因設計。本研究進一步以國內資料，驗證相關的學理結果。  Up to 80% of Product’s environmental impact are determined at design phase, therefore, lacking of environmental integrity thinking is the key shortage of current solid waste management. This paper introduces Product Life Cycle Emission Fee Model to describe how the integrated product policy of life cycle production to encourage the product sustainable design incentive. Besides, we also presents the obstacles of green investment due to the myopic behavior. The key finds are as follows: (1) Adopting a discrimination rate for final waste disposal that would be more effective in encouraging environmentally friendly designing; (2) Higher emission allowance price will facilitate firm to produce much green products; (3) Higher emission intensive of the final disposal wastes will stimulate more productive investment as well as environmentally friendly capital investment, leaving abatement capital stock unchanged; (4) Promoting consumer’s preference of green products is the driving force to facilitate green production of the firm; (5) Internalizing the external benefit of green product is a key strategy to overcome the investment myopic behavior for encouraging environmental design investment. This study further validates the theoretical results with domestic data.