Atmospheric Environment最新文献

{"title":"A review on atmospheric aerosols and dusts in different tropical forest ecosystems and policy recommendations toward climate resilience","authors":"Arika Bridhikitti ,&nbsp;Weerachon Sawangproh ,&nbsp;Tomoki Nakayama","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A significant challenge exists in the interconnections among tropical forests, aerosols, and climate resilience, as aerosols profoundly influence weather patterns and air quality. Emissions from forest fires and deforestation increase aerosol concentrations, disrupting cloud formation and precipitation, which undermines the ability of tropical forests to purify air, sequester carbon, and support biodiversity. This review aims to synthesize recent research on aerosol science related to tropical forest ecosystems and their roles in air quality and climate regulation. This review highlights the role of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs)—such as isoprene, monoterpenes, and sesquiterpenes—in ozone formation and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generation in tropical forests. Biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions enhance BVOC oxidation, altering SOA characteristics like particle size and hygroscopicity. Land cover changes, such as converting forests to plantations, also affect BVOC emissions, potentially increasing ozone levels in the upper troposphere. Additionally, the review explores hydrogen sulfide emissions from mangrove forests, emissions of primary biological aerosol particles, and the impacts of soil dust and mineral aerosols from regions including the Amazon and Southeast Asia. The effects of biomass burning in these areas vary by combustion efficiency and fuel types, with implications for cloud dynamics and air quality. Moreover, key transport routes, such as trans-Atlantic movements of African smoke, exacerbate aerosol impacts on soil fertility and air quality. In Southeast Asia, biomass burning increases particulate matter, impacting air quality and regional climate. Finally, policy recommendations and current research gaps are presented to help policymakers and scientists enhance sustainable forest management toward climate resilience in tropical ecosystems amid ongoing environmental changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-negligible emissions of amines from vehicle and ship exhausts in China","authors":"Dazhou Li ,&nbsp;Xinfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Chunying Lu ,&nbsp;Shuwei Dong ,&nbsp;Zhiyi Liu ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Likun Xue ,&nbsp;Wenxing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amines have significant impacts on air quality, regional climate, and human health. To date, the emissions of amines from traffic sources remain unclear. In this study, we collected fine particulate matters from vehicle and ship exhausts, and subsequently characterized the emissions of 17 amines using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The concentrations and composition of particulate amines vary depending on the types of vehicles and ships. Trimethylamine and 2-Amino-1-butanol were predominant in vehicle exhausts, whereas dimethylamine and diethylamine were prominent in ship exhausts. Diesel vehicles exhibited the highest levels of total amines, followed by gasoline vehicles and compressed natural gas vehicles. Small ships emitted significantly more amines than large ones, with amine concentrations decreasing as engine power increased. Amines emissions from vehicles and ship's exhausts were hypothesized to originate primarily from the three-way-catalyst, selective catalytic reduction, or exhaust gas recirculation systems in the presence of ammonia and organic compounds. Based on the determined emission factors, the annual emissions of fine particulate amines from vehicles and ships in China were approximately 312 kg and 534 kg, respectively. According to the gas particle partitioning coefficient from field measurements, the annual emissions of gaseous amines from vehicles and ships in China were estimated to be 4.2–12.0 Mg and 7.2–20.5 Mg, respectively. Overall, this study presents the unique emission characteristics of particulate amines from vehicle and ship exhausts and confirms the non-negligible emissions from traffic sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerosolisation of new generation perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic and sulfonic acids from aeration of contaminated aqueous solutions","authors":"Jishnu Pandamkulangara Kizhakkethil,&nbsp;Ivan Kourtchev","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been an industrial shift towards replacing legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic and sulfonic acids (PFECA and PFESA) including hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), also known as GenX. These compounds have been detected in the atmosphere but their potential sources remain poorly understood.</div><div>In this study, aerosolisation of six PFECA and PFESA from PFAS-contaminated water at concentrations and pHs representative of industrial sewage was investigated. All studied PFECA and PFESA were observed in the aerosols from the aeration of PFAS-fortified water at pH 6, 7 and 8. The aerosolisation behaviour of PFECA and PFESA increased with the analyte's carbon chain length and was influenced by the PFAS functional groups and pH of the aerated solution. PFESA with sulfonic acid groups aerosolised more from the solutions than PFECA with carboxylic acid groups. The ability of new generation PFAS to transfer from contaminated waters and become airborne (aerosolise up to a mass fraction 30.4 ± 2.7 %) raises concerns due to their potential health and environmental impacts. Our findings indicate that industrial and water management processes involving aeration of water contaminated with PFECA and PFESA could serve as potential sources of new-generation atmospheric PFAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121218"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of NO2 diffusion tube measurement methods and related uncertainties","authors":"David Medland ,&nbsp;Gabriel Garcia ,&nbsp;Tom Gardiner ,&nbsp;Nicholas A. Martin ,&nbsp;Valerio Ferracci ,&nbsp;Ashley Wilkins ,&nbsp;David Fryer ,&nbsp;Tom Holmes ,&nbsp;Pete Edwards ,&nbsp;Sebastian Diez ,&nbsp;David Butterfield","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional Palmes Diffusion Tubes (PDTs) are extensively employed by UK Local Authorities for measuring NO₂ in air quality monitoring studies. These devices are known to suffer from biases due to from the effects of wind speed. Modified PDTs with wind protective filters have also been developed for deployment in the UK Urban NO₂ Network (UUNN) with an improved measurement accuracy and repeatability. We report the performance of the two designs and also when enclosed in additional shelters. The comparison was carried out against simultaneous reference measurements and was evaluated through a statistical and modelled uncertainty. The model incorporated the individual components of the measurement uncertainty to provide an estimate of the total measurement uncertainty and identified which elements could be reduced across mean values of multiple measurements.</div><div>We found that conventional PDTs could be adversely affected by wind speed and that the incorporation of shelters delivered improved repeatability and better accuracy across multiple diffusion tube measurements. The UUNN style diffusive samplers were more accurate than the PDTs and had better repeatability. The additional use of shelters with UUNN style samplers made no discernible difference to the measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds on tropospheric hydrogen: A STOCHEM-CRI global Lagrangian model study","authors":"Richard G. Derwent ,&nbsp;Michael E. Jenkin ,&nbsp;David S. Stevenson ,&nbsp;Steven R. Utembe ,&nbsp;Anwar H. Khan ,&nbsp;Dudley E. Shallcross","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a global Lagrangian chemistry-transport model, STOCHEM-CRI, was employed to study the formation of hydrogen (H₂) from the oxidation of twenty anthropogenic and natural biogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The base case STOCHEM-CRI model was perturbed by applying a step-change to the emissions of each VOC in turn. Differences between each perturbed case and the base case were used to derive the responses in the fluxes through the formaldehyde photolysis source of H₂ and in the oxidation rate of each VOC. H₂ yields were largest for the natural biogenic VOCs: isoprene, α- and β-pinene and least, close to zero, for ethyne and benzene. Differences in yields were driven by the number of carbon atoms, by the chemical mechanisms of the hydroxyl radical and ozone reactions and by the involvement of long-lived oxidation products. These responses were then used to estimate the global H₂ source strengths from the oxidation of anthropogenic and natural biogenic VOCs. Ethene oxidation dominated the global H₂ source from the oxidation of anthropogenic VOCs, totalling 1.6 Tg yr⁻¹. Isoprene oxidation dominated the natural biogenic VOC oxidation source, totalling 20 Tg yr⁻¹, over ten times higher than the anthropogenic source. Uncertainties in the VOC oxidation source of H₂ make a considerable contribution to the uncertainties in the global warming potentials for H₂ estimated with current chemistry-transport models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme surface ozone episodes over the Arabian Gulf and their relationship with meteorological conditions","authors":"Abdulilah Khalid Alduwais ,&nbsp;Hari Prasad Dasari ,&nbsp;Harikishan Gandham ,&nbsp;Rama Krishna Karumuri ,&nbsp;Badr H. Alharbi ,&nbsp;Karumuri Ashok ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Hoteit","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigated the seasonal distribution of extreme surface ozone (O₃) episodes in association with meteorological conditions over the Arabian Gulf (AG) between 2016 and 2019. We used hourly surface O₃ measurements from the United States Embassy in Manama and air temperature observations from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet. We computed the maximum daily 8-h average of O₃ using the Air Quality Index methodology. The results showed that the air quality in Manama can be categorized as “good,” “moderate,” “unhealthy for sensitive groups,” “unhealthy,” and “very unhealthy” for 45.31 %, 20.61 %, 19.08 %, 11.63 %, and 3.37 % of the time, respectively. The extreme days, defined as days with MDA8-O₃ ≥ 86 ppb, occurred 72.11 % in summer, 15.65 % in fall, 12.24 % in spring. No extremes were recorded in winter. Our analysis of surface O₃ values obtained from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service showed that the O₃ levels during summer extremes were higher by 10 ppb than their climatological mean. We then categorized the O₃ summer extremes into single-day episodes (SDEs) and multi-day episodes (MDEs), revealing that most of the extremes (73.58 %) were MDEs. An analysis of meteorological conditions using the fifth-generation atmospheric reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, MODIS-Terra, and the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System database revealed that the MDEs exhibit increased temperatures, temperature subsidence form the mid-troposphere, weakened wind speeds, low aerosol optical depth, and increased insolation. These conditions are less pronounced during SDEs. Moreover, 5.67 % of the summer extremes were associated with stratospheric intrusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantial impacts of absorbing aerosols on PBL evolution in EDMF-AERO modeling framework","authors":"G.M. Florczyk ,&nbsp;K.M. Markowicz ,&nbsp;M.L. Witek","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121192","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Understanding the interactions between atmospheric aerosols and the evolution of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) is important for human health, climate, and weather forecasting models. In this study, an eddy-diffusivity mass-flux (EDMF) model is coupled with a radiative transfer model (RTM) to investigate the effects of aerosol optical depth &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;τ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;λ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and single scattering albedo &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; on the growth and thermodynamics of the PBL, or the so-called aerosol-PBL interactions (API). The developed model, called EDMF-AERO, was first extensively validated against in-situ radiosonde and microwave radiometer (MWR) observations in the summer, showing very good performance and enabling us to study the API effects proposed in the literature called stove and dome. Having established the model’s satisfactory accuracy we performed a sensitivity study, isolated API effects study, and estimated which compound effect of API influences PBL development more. For the stove case for &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;τ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;500&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;9&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, the PBL growth speeds up &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;8&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and warms up &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;12&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; faster compared to the reference (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;τ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;500&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). For the dome case for &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;τ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;500&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;9&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, the PBL growth slows down &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and warms up &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; slower compared to the reference. In extreme conditions (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;τ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;500&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;ω&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;81&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) for the stove case we recorded &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;62&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;72&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; increase in PBL growth and heating rates respectively. For the dome case, we recorded &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;21&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;22&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;%&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; decreases in PBL growth and heating rates respec","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concentrations, profiles, and risk assessment of organic UV filters in atmospheric PM2.5 from Beijing, China","authors":"Yuwen Deng ,&nbsp;Qianling Yang ,&nbsp;Lirong Gao ,&nbsp;Chi Xu ,&nbsp;Yin Liu ,&nbsp;Ming Xu ,&nbsp;Bin Zhao ,&nbsp;Minghui Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human exposure to organic ultraviolet (UV) filters may pose health risks, but the distribution of UV filters in PM_2.5 of four seasons is currently unknown. In this study, PM_2.5 samples were collected during 2021–2022 in Beijing, and 15 organic UV filters were analyzed. The concentrations of ∑UV filter ranged from 260 to 1859 pg/m³. The highest ∑UV filter concentrations were observed during summer, with temperature showing a significant positive correlation (p &lt; 0.01) on the concentrations of homosalate (HMS), 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS) and Ethylhexyl-4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC). The dominant compounds were HMS, EHS, and EHMC, which accounted for 93.5% of the median contributions. The median concentration of 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol (UV-328) was 0.58 pg/m³, which was lower than that in other studies. It was noteworthy that 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-6-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) phenol (UV-327) and 2-(2H-Benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-(butan-2-yl)-4-tert-butylphenol (UV-350) were firstly detected in ambient PM_2.5. In vivo predicted biological toxicity and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion characteristics were assessed, EHMC was prioritized due to its high concentration and high potential to be absorbed by human body. The risks of ∑UV filters through inhalation and dermal contact were negligible for both toddlers and adults, and inhalation exposure exceeded dermal contact by 2–3 orders of magnitude. This is the first study of the occurrence, profiles and risk assessment of 15 UV filters in PM_2.5, and more attention should be paid for prioritized UV filters especially EHMC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower atmospheric profiling for climate studies pertaining to aerosols, radiation and turbulence using Unmanned Aerial System in India: Initial results","authors":"Padmakumari B,&nbsp;Sanket Kalgutkar,&nbsp;Mahesh Nikam,&nbsp;Subrata Mukherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lower atmosphere close to the Earth's surface, though crucial for various process studies and models, still remained a gap area for a long. The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) pioneered in collecting aerosol and cloud data using manned aircraft. However, to fill the data gap in the lower atmosphere, IITM envisaged Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) as an innovative aerial platform and the program ‘<em>Lower Atmospheric Research using Unmanned Aerial System Facility (LARUS)</em>’ is instigated to demonstrate the efficacy of a fixed-wing medium size UAS for probing the lower atmosphere for climate studies. The UAS is equipped with lightweight advanced science payload and an isokinetic aerosol inlet, for targeted in-situ measurements of aerosol, chemistry, radiation, turbulence and meteorological parameters (temperature (T) and Relative Humidity (RH)). The vertical profiles on different flight days depicted high vertical diurnal variability of the measured parameters. Comparison of T &amp; RH profiles of INSAT-3DR Sounder and UAS depicted huge data gap in satellite profiles in the lower altitudes. The new approach in our study is obtaining high frequency simultaneous in-situ measurements within the footprint of 5 km with high vertical resolution to study local atmospheric processes.</div><div>The data emphasises elevated absorbing aerosol layers (AAL) or haze layers with maximum absorption up to 500 m above the ground due to local anthropogenic activities. The sample filter papers revealed the type, source and morphology of the observed aerosols. The incoming and reflected (outgoing) shortwave radiation indicated distinct features with an albedo of 0.178 above the haze layer (at 500 m) and 0.017 at the surface and solar absorption of 70 W/m² in the layer 0–500 m. The presence of haze also influenced the turbulence parameters (u, v, w) and Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) at those altitudes. This study demonstrates instrumented UAS for lower atmospheric research, the first of its kind in India, highlighting various results essential for climate studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 121211"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the actinic radiative effect of scattering aerosols on ozone vertical distribution in the Pearl River Delta, China","authors":"Tao Deng ,&nbsp;Shanshan Ouyang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Chen ,&nbsp;Guowen He ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Jeremy Cheuk-Hin Leung ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Zebiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Zou ,&nbsp;Boru Mai ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Xuejiao Deng ,&nbsp;TiJian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region faces the concurrent issues of aerosol and ozone pollution. Aerosols have a significant impact on the actinic radiative flux, which greatly influences the formation of ozone. This study quantitatively estimates the impact of scattering aerosol actinic radiative effect on the vertical distribution of ozone and secondary pollutants during a double high pollution episode in October 2012 using a localized parameterization formula for aerosol extinction profiles and the Weather Research Forecast–Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model. Scattering aerosols can increase photolysis rates when the Aerosol Optical Depth is low. Aerosol actinic radiative effect reduces ground level ozone and PM_2.5 in the morning. In the core area of the PRD, the reduction in ozone reaches up to 20 ppb, while PM_2.5 decreases by 4–8 μg/m³. But it increases ozone and PM_2.5 levels in the upper and middle layers of the boundary layer during midday and the afternoon, with ozone increasing by 5–20 ppb and PM_2.5 by 1–2 μg/m³. Enhanced oxidizing capacity promotes the generation of sulfate and secondary organic aerosols, further increasing scattering aerosols and forming a positive feedback loop. The acinic radiative effect of aerosols lead to a diurnal variation in the reduction of surface ozone concentration, with a more pronounced effect in the morning. When radiation is weak in the morning and there is sufficient precursor for ozone, changes in radiation have a greater impact on ozone. As radiation becomes stronger, even though aerosols attenuate the radiation, there is still sufficient radiative flux to drive actinic reactions, and the impact of scattering aerosols on surface ozone concentration at midday is not significant. The mechanisms by which aerosol actinic radiative effect influence secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and sulfates are similar to those for ozone described above.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}