Atmospheric Environment最新文献

{"title":"Sub-micron aerosol and CCN characteristics in Seoul measured during 2019–2021 and CCN prediction using machine learning","authors":"Pyosuk Seo ,&nbsp;Minsu Park ,&nbsp;Chanwoo Ahn ,&nbsp;Jinkyu Hong ,&nbsp;Sungsoo Jo ,&nbsp;Seong Soo Yum","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The seasonal characteristics of aerosol number concentration (N_CN) and cloud condensation nuclei number concentration (N_CCN) in Seoul from 2019 to 2021 were analyzed. The average N_CN and N_CCN at 0.6 % supersaturation (SS) were 12,612 cm⁻³ and 2,829 cm⁻³, respectively, representing significant decreases of approximately 30 % and 50 % compared to the values from 2004 to 2010. Despite these reductions, diurnal and seasonal patterns remained consistent over time. However, distinct seasonal differences were noted, particularly in the relationship between N_CN and N_CCN: in winter, N_CN and N_CCN exhibited similar trends in both diurnal variation and back trajectory analysis, whereas in summer, their trends frequently diverged. To account for these pronounced seasonal differences, predictions of N_CN and N_CCN were conducted separately by season using the Random Forest Regression Model. The seasonally tailored predictions provided improved performance compared to the Multiple Linear Regression Model used as a baseline. Analysis of importance of each predictor revealed that N_CN was the most significant predictor of N_CCN at 0.4–1.0 % SS in winter, while particulate matter (PM₁₀) played a more critical role across all supersaturation levels in summer and at 0.2 % SS in winter. These results suggest seasonally distinct mechanisms driving CCN formation in Seoul. Overall, this study highlighted recent trends in aerosols and CCN reflecting the rapid changes of air quality at a representative urban region in East Asia, and the data presented in this study can be used as representative values of aerosol and CCN in East Asian urban region for aerosol–cloud interaction studies in climate models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Product and mechanistic insights into the ozonolysis of Δ3-Carene","authors":"Xulian Song ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Lin ,&nbsp;Yu Xia ,&nbsp;Ziji Ma ,&nbsp;Liqin Jin ,&nbsp;Weijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhandong Wang ,&nbsp;Christa Fittschen ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study combines experimental and theoretical approaches to investigate the gas-phase ozonolysis of Δ³-carene, with a focus on product identification and mechanistic elucidation. Atmospheric ozonolysis was simulated using both a Teflon chamber and a jet-stirred reactor. Product characterization was achieved through vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry employing soft ionization techniques, combined with Hefei synchrotron radiation to acquire mass-selected photoionization efficiency spectra of Δ³-carene and its ozonolysis products. Structural assignments were then facilitated by theoretical calculations conducted at the M06-2X/6–311++G(d,p) level of theory. Our analysis revealed many characteristic ozonolysis products, such as formaldehyde (CH₂O, <em>m/z</em> = 30), acetone (C₃H₆O, <em>m/z</em> = 58), nor-3-caronaldehyde (C₉H₁₄O₂, <em>m/z</em> = 154), nor-3-caralic acid (C₈H₁₂O₃, <em>m/z</em> = 156), 3-caronaldehyde (C₁₀H₁₆O₂, <em>m/z</em> = 168), 3-caralic acid (C₉H₁₄O₃, <em>m/z</em> = 170), and 3-caronic acid (C₁₀H₁₆O₃, <em>m/z</em> = 184). Moreover, the ozonolysis products, C₈H₁₂O₂ (<em>m/z</em> = 140), C₈H₁₄O₂ (<em>m/z</em> = 142), C₁₀H₁₆O (<em>m/z</em> = 152), and C₁₀H₁₄O₃ (<em>m/z</em> = 182) were identified in the experiments for the first time. Based on literature results and comprehensive analysis of the experimental data, we elucidated detailed reaction pathway mechanisms for these newly discovered products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satellite remote sensing capturing intense ozone production over marginal seas in East Asia: evident influence on air quality in coastal cities","authors":"Jin Ye ,&nbsp;Qihou Hu ,&nbsp;Qin Gao ,&nbsp;Ran Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenjing Su ,&nbsp;Chengxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaohan Wang ,&nbsp;Ziwei Li ,&nbsp;Cheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exchange of air masses between sea and land plays a crucial role in the migration and transformation of atmospheric pollutants in coastal regions. Due to the absence of in-situ technology for continuous monitoring of marine air pollutants, much of the current scientific understanding of that still lacks observational evidence. This study utilized data of ozone (O₃) and its precursors obtained from satellite spectrum to investigate the distribution and transport of air pollutants between marine and terrestrial atmosphere in East Asia. The results indicate that the low tropospheric (0–5 km) O₃ concentrations over the seas are comparable to those in coastal cities, with Bohai Bay having the highest concentration in East Asia, exceeding 33 DU (1 DU = 2.69 × 10¹⁶ molecules·cm⁻²). Meanwhile, through the observations of two Chinese satellites with different equator-crossing time, afternoon O₃ concentrations over sea were significantly higher than in the morning, indicating high-level O₃ over sea was mainly caused by local formation. The comparison of marine and terrestrial pixels shows that, under the same precursor concentrations, marine air exhibits a 3.7 % higher O₃ production rate on average. The higher O₃ production rate, combined with the substantial emissions of O₃ precursors, ultimately leads to the Bohai Sea becoming an ‘O₃ pool’. This study, for the first time based on satellite observations, captures the exchange process of O₃ and its precursors between terrestrial and marine atmospheres: land-based precursors are transported to the sea, where O₃ formed under suitable conditions and then transported back to land.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121448"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectroscopic and chemical compositional analysis of the atmospheric aerosols in urban and rural tropical environment of southern India","authors":"R. Mohandoss ,&nbsp;Chaithanya D. Jain ,&nbsp;B.L. Madhavan ,&nbsp;M. Venkat Ratnam","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a comprehensive characterization of atmospheric aerosols collected from Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E, a rural background) and Hyderabad (17.5°N, 78.6°E, an urban location), marking the first detailed analysis of aerosol particles in these contrasting environments in southern peninsular India. Aerosol particulate matter (PM) samples, spanning different aerodynamic size ranges (10 μm, 2.5 μm, and 1.4 μm), were analyzed spectroscopically to determine the molecular structure of the chemical species. Both organic compounds (hydrocarbons, carbonaceous species, and amines) and inorganic species (ammonium sulfates/nitrates, clay minerals, gypsum, calcium carbonate, kaolinite, and metal-oxygen bonds) were identified. The urban PM exhibited higher carbon content, while rural aerosols showed a greater oxygen ratio, as confirmed by Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Metal ions such as silicon (1.46–13.63 %), aluminium (0.34–5.72 %), sodium (0.61–3.99 %), calcium (0.14–1.5 %), iron (0.08–1.07 %), and zinc (0.06–0.81 %) were attributed to sources including vehicular emissions and wind-blown dust. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that the particles were irregularly shaped and aggregated. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy revealed strong UV absorption and high transparency (∼99 %) in the visible range, with optical band gaps of ∼5.6 eV and 5.8 eV for Hyderabad and Gadanki, respectively, indicating their non-conducting nature. This study provides critical insights into the aerosol composition and behavior in tropical urban and rural locations, with important implications for air quality management and climate modeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field analysis of PM2.5 infiltration factor and determinants of indoor concentrations in residential buildings within a mega-city in southern China","authors":"Jingjin Shi ,&nbsp;Yanling Shen ,&nbsp;Rui Yuan ,&nbsp;Jing Cai ,&nbsp;Jianbang Xiang ,&nbsp;Xinhua Ji ,&nbsp;Zhuohui Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The infiltration factor (F_inf) represents the proportion of ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) that penetrates indoor spaces from the outdoor environment. It is a crucial parameter for reducing biases in exposure assessments of PM_2.5 from indoor and outdoor sources. In this study, we conducted continuous monitoring of indoor and outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations in 30 households across seven districts of Shanghai, China, over the course of an entire year. Participants’ activities were recorded through regular follow-up questionnaires. We employed mass balance model and mixed-effect model to estimate F_inf and predicted factors influencing indoor PM_2.5 levels. The indoor/outdoor PM_2.5 mass concentration ratio was 0.98 ± 1.02 with a strong correlation (R² = 0.86, <em>P &lt; 0.05</em>). The F_inf ranged from 0.51 to 1.16 across all observations based on each household and each round of sampling. The F_inf was higher values observed in hot season and in lower-floor and older buildings. Among all the variables included in the predictive model, outdoor PM_2.5 concentration emerged as the most significant predictor of indoor PM_2.5 levels, followed by lower building heights, smaller building areas, and reduced differences in indoor-outdoor temperature and humidity. These findings provided a quantitative estimation to measure indoor exposure to PM_2.5 of outdoor origin, in particular for preschoolers and the elderly who spend a large part of time at home.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of climate and air quality on RSV infection hospitalization among children in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2023","authors":"Lihong Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Ou ,&nbsp;Zhihong Zhai ,&nbsp;Yingtong Ye ,&nbsp;Zhaosong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to explore the link between hospitalizations due to RSV infection and factors such as climate and air quality among children in Guangzhou. We included RSV infection cases from January 2017 to October 2023 in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China, and then collected daily meteorological data including air temperature and relative humidity as well as air pollutant data including PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, CO, O₃, and NO₂. Finally, we established a distributional lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to investigate the association of hospitalization for RSV infection with meteorological factors and air quality. Of the 1922 reports of RSV infection collected, 96.31 % of the infections were under 5 years of age. Our study revealed a correlation between reductions in air temperature and relative humidity and the rise in hospitalizations due to RSV infection. With respect to air quality, high concentrations of PM_2.5, O₃, and NO₂ increase the risk of RSV infection, with the relative risk increasing with pollutant concentration. In addition, a 3-week exposure to moderate concentrations of PM_2.5 (17-23 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>g</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>m</mi><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow></math></span>) also increased the risk of RSV infection. For other air pollutants, there is no obvious pattern found.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121436"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking Emissions: Tracing organic aerosols around a coal-fired power plant in India","authors":"Chen Luo ,&nbsp;Sayantan Sarkar ,&nbsp;Fanny Gesmond ,&nbsp;Megha Anand ,&nbsp;Kalpana Munnuru Singamshetty ,&nbsp;Joyanto Routh","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal-fired thermal power plants (TPP) are projected to be a major energy source in India for the foreseeable future. Their continued operation and planned expansion will increase emissions, further degrading the air quality in the Indo-Gangetic Plains and undermining long-term sustainability. In this study, we collected for one-year particulate matter (PM_2.5) at an upwind and downwind site from a super-category TPP and analyzed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), n-alkanes, and levoglucosan. The annual mean of PM_2.5 level was about 2.5 times the Indian National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) (40 μg/m³) and 40 times the WHO standard (5 μg/m³). The annual mean of benzo[<em>a</em>]pyrene concentration was over five times the NAAQS level (1 ng/m³) and 40 times the European Environment Agency reference level (0.12 ng/m³, assuming an acceptable risk of additional lifetime cancer risk of 1 in 100,000). Diagnostic PAH ratios and n-alkane indices indicated the primary emission sources. n-Alkanes were mainly derived from petrogenic sources, while pyrogenic sources were the main contributor to PAHs. Levoglucosan indicated more biomass burning during winter and post-monsoon, with higher emissions at the downwind rural site compared to the upwind suburban site. We also used backward trajectory modeling, including clustering and concentration-weighted trajectories, to identify emission hotspots. They revealed elevated benzo[<em>a</em>]anthracene, benzo[<em>b</em>]fluoranthene, and dibenz[<em>a,h</em>]anthracene levels due to TPP emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained PM2.5 decline in Shenzhen confronts emerging challenges: Strengthening regional governance and secondary aerosol mitigation","authors":"Kejin Tang ,&nbsp;Xing Peng ,&nbsp;Lingyan He ,&nbsp;Yu Han ,&nbsp;Yuqi Liu ,&nbsp;Sizhe Liu ,&nbsp;Tingting Yao ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-term observation at different environmental sites is crucial for accurately tracking PM_2.5 trends and formulating effective pollution control strategies. This study conducted PM_2.5 sampling and component analysis at urban and suburban sites in Shenzhen in 2014, 2019, and 2024, using machine learning models to assess the impact of meteorological and source emission changes on PM_2.5 trends and receptor model to identify PM_2.5 sources. The results show that Shenzhen's PM_2.5 levels declined by 47 % from 2014 to 2024, mostly due to long-term emission cuts, with meteorological impacts accounting for a minor 11.9 % of the change. Urban PM_2.5 concentrations consistently surpass suburban ones, with both experiencing approximately 30 % declines in Phase I (2014–2019), whereas in Phase II (2019–2024), the urban site shows a greater 29 % drop compared with a 17 % drop at the suburban site, narrowing their gap. The source apportionment results show that in Phase I, the urban site's PM_2.5 decline stemmed mainly from reduced vehicle emissions and secondary sulfate, while the suburban site's drop resulted from decreased secondary sulfate, ship emissions, and secondary organic aerosols. In Phase II, fugitive dust reduction is the primary driver of PM_2.5 declines at both sites, though other sources also play a contributing role. Emission reductions from sources in Phase II are smaller than those in Phase I, coupled with a narrowed concentration gap between the two sites and a rising relative contribution from secondary sources, highlighting Shenzhen's need for stronger regional coordination and secondary pollutant control to lower PM_2.5 levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121437"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric oxidation of long chain aldehydes: OH and Cl reactivity, mechanisms and environmental impact","authors":"Fabricio Aguirre ,&nbsp;Pedro L. Lugo G ,&nbsp;Vianni G. Straccia C ,&nbsp;Mariano A. Teruel ,&nbsp;M. Belén Blanco","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relative-rate technique has been used to obtain the rate coefficients for the reactions of the saturated aldehydes (SA): Octanal (OCT) CH₃(CH₂)₆C(O)H and Nonanal (NON) CH₃(CH₂)₇C(O)H with OH radicals and Cl atoms at (298 ± 3) K and atmospheric pressure. The experiments were performed in an environmental chamber using <em>in situ</em> FTIR spectroscopy detection to monitor the decay of the aldehydes relative to different reference compounds. The following room temperature rate coefficients (in units of cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹) were obtained: <em>k</em>_<em>1</em> (OH + CH₃(CH₂)₆C(O)H) = (3.13 ± 0.50) × 10⁻¹¹, <em>k</em>_<em>2</em> (Cl + CH₃(CH₂)₆C(O)H) = (2.80 ± 0.31) <strong>×</strong>10⁻¹⁰, <em>k</em>_<em>3</em> (OH + CH₃(CH₂)₇C(O)H) = (2.81 ± 0.40) × 10⁻¹¹ and <em>k</em>_<em>4</em> (Cl + CH₃(CH₂)₇C(O)H) = (3.10 ± 0.30) × 10⁻¹⁰. In addition<strong>,</strong> product studies were performed in similar conditions of the kinetic experiments by the SPME-GC-MS technique. Heptanal, hepta-1-ol, octanoic acid, octanal, 1-octanol, octanoyl chloride, 1-chlorooctane and formaldehyde were identified as reaction products.</div><div>The atmospheric implications of the studied reactions were assessed by the estimation of the tropospheric lifetimes of OCT and NON concerning their reaction with OH radicals and Cl atoms to be 9, 10 h and 30, 27 h, respectively. The relatively short residence in the atmosphere of the SA studied will have a local impact with restricted transport. High tropospheric ozone creation potential of 68 and 66 were estimated for OCT and NON, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121429"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative exposure to the chemical components of PM2.5 and the prevalence of Anemia: Insights from a large group of workers in South China","authors":"Xinyue Li ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Li ,&nbsp;Yongqing Sun ,&nbsp;Man Zhang ,&nbsp;Meimei Zhong ,&nbsp;Yueqian Wu ,&nbsp;Xudan Chen ,&nbsp;Xurui Sun ,&nbsp;Dan Chen ,&nbsp;Huanle Cai ,&nbsp;Guanghui Dong ,&nbsp;Hui Tang ,&nbsp;Zhibing Chen ,&nbsp;Shimin Chen ,&nbsp;Tong Guo ,&nbsp;Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Shenghao Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjing Wu ,&nbsp;Yuqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongshun Huang ,&nbsp;Shijie Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the association between PM_2.5 and anemia is biologically plausible, involving the iron regulation disruption by chronic systemic inflammation following particle exposure, existing epidemiological evidence is limited, especially among workers or considering particle components.</div><div>We selected 372,290 workers in Guangdong Province in 2020 and used the yearly PM_2.5 concentrations and its chemical components’ annual concentrations around their workplaces as the exposure. We employed the use of mixed-effects models to assess the associations of PM_2.5 and its components with hemoglobin and anemia, further investigating the interaction between stratified variables (demographic characteristics and occupational variables) and the five components on anemia.</div><div>For each interquartile range increase in the concentration of PM_2.5 and its components (BC, NH₄⁺, NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, OM), the hemoglobin concentration decreased by 0.993 (95 %CI: 0.927, 1.059), 0.747 (0.681, 0.812), 0.939 (0.871, 1.007), 1.237 (1.167, 1.306), 0.982 (0.916, 1.047), and 0.798 (0.735, 0.862) g/L, respectively. Except for BC, PM_2.5 and the other components were associated with a significant increase in the prevalence of anemia, with ORs ranging from 3.0 % to 14.8 % per IQR increase in the exposure. NO₃^- had the most significant effect on both outcomes. In addition, we found that interactions between stratifying variables and concentrations of the five components were predominantly significant for the prevalence of anemia (<em>P</em> for interaction &lt;0.05), with different susceptibilities observed across age groups, genders, and subgroups of occupational variables.</div><div>The study offers an in-depth examination of the potential impact of PM_2.5 and its components on the prevalence of anemia among workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"360 ","pages":"Article 121432"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}