Atmospheric Environment最新文献

{"title":"Bioaccessibility and transformation of PM2.5 organics and microbiota in simulated lung fluids: Implications for fluid-specific respiratory risks","authors":"Yongjian Deng,&nbsp;Ting Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) contains organic pollutants and microorganisms that interact with pulmonary fluids upon inhalation, potentially leading to lung microbiota dysbiosis and respiratory diseases. However, how lung fluids affect the bioaccessibility and transformation of PM_2.5 remains unclear, impeding precision risk assessment. We extracted and incubated ambient PM_2.5 samples in simulated lung fluids (SLFs) modeling extracellular healthy lung fluid (modified Gamble's solution, MGS) versus intracellular acidic lung fluid (artificial lysosomal fluid, ALF). Organic compounds and microorganisms were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and high-throughput sequencing, respectively. The results show fluid-dependent bioaccessibility and changes: seven most abundant organic compounds (e.g. malic acid) are exclusively bioaccessible in MGS, whereas four organics (e.g. 4-nitrophenol) are bioaccessible only in ALF. High-risk toxins like nicotine, skatole, and <em>N,N</em>-dimethylacetamide show high bioavailability in both fluids. While ALF extracts minimal microorganisms, MGS exhibits higher release for some pathogens including <em>Corynebacterium</em>, <em>Staphylococcus</em>, and <em>Acinetobacter</em>. After 96-h cultivation, MGS exhibits greater compositional shifts in both organic compounds (carboxylic acids, amine compounds, and pyridines) and microbiota (ten different genera including <em>Acinetobacter</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em>) than ALF, owing to more pronounced microbial activities in neutral pH. In MGS, <em>Acinetobacter</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em> were positively associated with carboxylic acids, amines, and aromatics, indicating putative microbe–organic interactions that require mechanistic confirmation. These fluid-specific patterns suggest that identical PM_2.5 exposure may yield different health impacts from pollutants and microorganisms depending on an individual's pulmonary microenvironment. This study underscores the importance of incorporating bioaccessibility into PM_2.5 risk assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution monitoring of oxidative potential in urban air: A FOX assay-based online approach","authors":"J.-J. Sauvain ,&nbsp;A. Toto ,&nbsp;N. Concha-Lozano ,&nbsp;M. Marro ,&nbsp;G. Suarez","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we described and characterized a novel online instrument for oxidative potential (OP) measurement using the ferrous orange xylenol (FOX) assay. This assay, based on the Fenton reaction, allows a good sensitivity for H₂O₂ with a LOD of 0.2 μg H₂O₂/m³ and an acceptable CV of 12%. Laboratory tests indicated that the instrument is responding to O₃ and tert-butyl hydroperoxide but not to NO₂. Its 5-min sampling and analysis cycle is short enough to catch the fast decay of the reactive and unstable oxidants potentially presents in the ambient aerosol. These analytical specifications allowed us to continuously quantify the total OP^FOX — gaseous + particulate — during more than 20 days at an urban monitoring station in Lausanne (Switzerland) for three different periods of the year. Random Forest Regression and Multiple Linear Regression were used and compared in the development of a time-independent predictive model for OP^FOX. Random Forest Regression performed better than the Multiple Linear regression, particularly at high OP^FOX values. These results strongly suggest that this online instrument responds to photochemically generated gaseous oxidants, particularly H₂O₂ and O₃. The developed models also incorporated aerosol and meteorological variables — including ultrafine particle size, temperature, and solar radiation that may exhibit collinearity with these gaseous oxidants. Comparing online with offline (filter) samples showed that filter-based OP^FOX measurements were substantially underestimated. Therefore, the online FOX measurement provides a more accurate estimate of reactive oxygen species and may complement existing indicators used in epidemiological studies of photochemical air pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121849"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlorine–mediated enhancement of coastal ozone pollution under long–range transport in eastern China","authors":"Zhihao Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Yuchen Liu,&nbsp;Jing Chen,&nbsp;Xiao Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ozone (O₃) pollution in eastern China has been worsening in recent years despite the implementation of effective control measures. Reactive chlorine plays a key role in regulating O₃ formation by modulating atmospheric oxidative capacity. However, its impact on O₃ formation in the context of land-sea interaction and long-range transport has not been fully explored in eastern China. In this study, we combined a chemical transport model (CTM) with meteorological and O₃ observations, as well as backward trajectory analyses, to identify a typical long-range O₃ transport episode in eastern China in autumn 2018. Three representative cities—Shanghai, Fuzhou, and Shenzhen—experienced significant regional transport impacts. During the typical transport episode, chlorine emissions aggravated O₃ pollution, with peak increases exceeding 10, 12, and 8 μg m⁻³ in Shanghai, Fuzhou, and Shenzhen, respectively. Marine-derived chlorine dominated this contribution, accounting for 55.8%, 63.3%, 69.5% of the total chlorine impact in the above three cities. These findings highlight the critical role of chlorine emissions, particularly from marine sources, in enhancing coastal O₃ levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution characteristics of PM2.5 and PM1.0 at urban and background sites in South Korea: Focusing on health risks of PAHs and heavy metals","authors":"Sang-Jin Lee ,&nbsp;Ho-Young Lee ,&nbsp;In-Gyu Cho ,&nbsp;Seong-Joon Kim ,&nbsp;Ji Yi Lee ,&nbsp;Hye-Jung Shin ,&nbsp;Young Sung Ghim ,&nbsp;Yong Pyo Kim ,&nbsp;Sung-Deuk Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although smaller particles are considered more harmful to human health, the need for independent management of PM_1.0 remains debated. In this study, PM_2.5 and PM_1.0 samples were collected for 15–20 days per season during 2020–2021 at an urban site in Seoul (SE) and a background site on Baengnyeong Island (BN), South Korea, to monitor PAHs and metals. Both sites showed higher Σ₁₃ PAH concentrations in winter (SE: 12.6 for PM_2.5 and 9.59 for PM_1.0; BN: 9.37 and 5.58 ng/m³), while Σ₁₀ metal concentrations increased in winter (SE: 769 and 373; BN: 660 and 340 ng/m³) and fall (SE: 503 and 248, BN: 403 and 223 ng/m³). Backward trajectory analysis identified northeastern and northern China and North Korea as major source regions. BN frequently experienced C_HMs episodes associated with air masses transported from North Korea. SHAP results revealed that seasonal variables were primary drivers of C_PAHs, whereas particle size was the dominant factor influencing C_HMs. Cancer risk associated with PAHs was higher at SE (6.7 × 10⁻⁸ and 4.7 × 10⁻⁸), whereas that from heavy metals was higher at BN (1.0 × 10⁻⁵ and 5.6 × 10⁻⁶). Risk normalized by PM mass was significantly higher for PM_2.5, indicating a more efficient enrichment of PAHs and heavy metals in the PM_1.0-2.5 fraction. PAH sources were similar across sites and particle sizes, while metal sources varied with particle size and meteorological conditions. Overall, enhancing the current PM_2.5-based management framework by incorporating PM_1.0 characteristics is recommended to better protect human health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121857"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data fusion for fine-scale ozone mapping in the New York City metropolitan area using low-cost sensors and model information","authors":"Ellie Hojeily ,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsuan Lu ,&nbsp;Stefano Alessandrini ,&nbsp;Ju-Hye Kim ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Shih-Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Liam Sheji ,&nbsp;Md. Aynul Bari ,&nbsp;Scott D. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface ozone (O₃) exhibits spatiotemporal variability in the New York City metropolitan area (NYCMA) under the influence of complex mesoscale flows which transport O₃ and its precursors. Fine-scale ambient air quality monitoring is critical for estimating air pollution exposure and assessing whether mitigation strategies are sufficient to attain the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. To improve air quality monitoring in the NYCMA, 38 New York State Mesonet (NYSM) sites were outfitted with well-calibrated low-cost O₃ sensors. This study applies the Satellite Enhanced Data Interpolation (SEDI) method to bias-correct 1-year of gridded output from the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) through fusion with surface O₃ observations from the NYSM low-cost sensor sites and instruments from the U.S. EPA's AirNow monitoring network. Prior to bias correction, WRF-Chem overestimated O₃ concentrations at 11 NYCMA AirNow sites. Constraining WRF-Chem using the NYSM low-cost sensor sites alone reduced mean bias error by around 6 ppb at the AirNow sites. At NYSM sites, the gridded O₃ dataset constrained by observations from NYSM and AirNow together resulted in a better-performing dataset compared to the dataset constrained using observations from AirNow alone. These results highlight the value added by low-cost sensors in filling observational gaps in existing regulatory monitoring networks. Additionally, the SEDI algorithm is a computationally inexpensive post-processing technique that effectively reduces error and bias and is enhanced by the increase in spatial resolution of air quality monitoring provided by integrating the NYSM low-cost sensor sites with the AirNow network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121805"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equilibrium partition coefficients of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) between indoor surfaces and air assessed using two experimental methods","authors":"Benoit Schmitt ,&nbsp;Hervé Plaisance ,&nbsp;Cédric Duprat ,&nbsp;Mélanie Nicolas ,&nbsp;Valérie Desauziers","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indoor exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) is affected by their sorption onto indoor surfaces such as clothes, toys, building materials and furniture. They are transferred from these contaminated surfaces to the body via various routes such as skin contact, inhalation or hand-to-mouth transfer. Knowledge of their sink surface/air partition coefficients K_Surf are needed to apply indoor fate models and assess occupants’ exposure to SVOCs.</div><div>Partition coefficients of triphenyl phosphate (TPP), 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) and 1,2-cyclohexane-dicarboxylic acid, dinonyl ester (DINCH) on cotton, glass and stainless steel (SS) surfaces were experimentally determined using two different methods. In the Micro-Chamber/Thermal Extractor (M-CTE), K_cotton values were close to 10⁴ m. For this method, improvements were proposed to investigate the sorption on surfaces having lower sorption capacities such as glass or SS. In the sandwich-like emission cell, K_glass and K_SS values ranged from 20 to 465 m, and from 99 to 1570 m, respectively. In coherence with the literature, sorption on cotton was higher than on SS and glass. Moreover, based on literature data, the SVOC vapor pressure (V_P) could be a good predictor of K_Surf for non-porous surfaces such as SS and glass. For porous surfaces (cotton), additional parameters related to the surface (porosity or composition) should be used with V_P. Strong sorption capacity of cotton reinforces the health risk posed by contaminated clothes. This study highlights the need for further research to understand the key parameters of SVOC sorption on textiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121859"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dependence of inorganic ions on thiol spontaneous oxidation in aerosol microdroplets","authors":"Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Fan ,&nbsp;Yun Ju ,&nbsp;Xiajing Wei ,&nbsp;Yutao Wang ,&nbsp;Jing He ,&nbsp;Jie Jiang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inorganic ions are ubiquitous in aerosol microdroplets, especially in sea salt aerosols (SSAs). However, the molecular mechanisms by which inorganic ions regulate redox reactions in microdroplets remain unclear. We nebulized water microdroplets containing various inorganic salts to simulate SSAs and investigated the effects of different ions on the spontaneous oxidation of L-cysteine in microdroplets. By modulating the concentration, charge, and ionic radius of inorganic ions, we found that cations at certain concentrations enhanced the spontaneous oxidation of L-cysteine by influencing the electric double layer of microdroplets. The spontaneous oxidation of thiols was progressively enhanced with the increasing concentration of transition metals, which acted as electron acceptors. Anions with larger ionic radii formed free radicals and also promoted oxidation. Our results confirmed the critical role of inorganic ions in the spontaneous oxidation of thiols in aerosol microdroplets. Furthermore, the research provided new insights into the atmospheric transformation of sulfur-containing pollutants, which is of great importance for the global sulfur cycle and climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of health risks from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their halogenated derivatives in residential indoor environments","authors":"Tetsuya Takikawa ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Kazushi Noro ,&nbsp;Yukari Takahashi ,&nbsp;Yuichi Miyake ,&nbsp;Takashi Amagai","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their halogenated derivatives (XPAHs) are emerging persistent organic pollutants with potential carcinogenicity. Their occurrence in indoor environments remains largely unexplored. We measured 26 PAHs and 40 XPAHs in indoor air and house dust from 45 residences in Toyama, Shizuoka, and Kanagawa, Japan (2022–2024). At least one XPAH was detected at all sites, with concentrations 10³–10⁴ times lower than PAHs but with similar size distributions and compositions, suggesting analogous atmospheric behavior. Homes using unventilated wood stoves exhibited indoor/outdoor ratios &gt;10 for high-molecular-weight PAHs, notably benzo[a]pyrene, indicating strong indoor sources. Cancer risk assessment showed inhalation as the dominant exposure pathway, with 95th percentile incremental lifetime cancer risk exceeding 1 × 10⁻⁶ in the investigated residences in Toyama, Shizuoka, and Kanagawa, Japan, surpassing safety thresholds. These results demonstrate that indoor exposure to PAHs and XPAHs may pose non-negligible health risks and underscore the need for mitigation strategies, such as PM_2.5 reduction, to protect public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121851"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter pollution and source attribution in eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains industrial corridor: Toward an airshed-based management approach","authors":"Karigowda ,&nbsp;Kashish Jain ,&nbsp;Mohd Imran ,&nbsp;Mehbub Un-Nabi ,&nbsp;Aisha Baig ,&nbsp;Sayak Patra ,&nbsp;Ramya Sunder Raman ,&nbsp;Gazala Habib","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates particulate matter pollution pathways in the industrial corridor of Durgapur and Asansol-Raniganj in the state of West Bengal in eastern Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), a region lacking long-term monitoring and requiring airshed-based management strategies due to prominent transboundary influences. We measured time integrated PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ at eight land-use specific sites, over a 15-month period from Oct 2022 to Dec 2023 - one of the first such efforts in this region. The annual PM_2.5 concentrations ranged from 86 ± 48 to 171 ± 105 μg m⁻³, and PM₁₀ from 144 ± 64 to 310 ± 189 μg m⁻³, with lowest concentration observed in SNT-BG and highest in RG-IND. The concentration peaked in winter, 193 ± 61 μg m⁻³ and 317 ± 73 μg m⁻³ for PM_2.5 and PM_10, respectively; driven by stagnant meteorology and reduced boundary layer height (∼396m). In contrast, the lowest concentrations were observed during the monsoon, 55 ± 29 μg m⁻³ and 100 ± 59 μg m⁻³ for PM_2.5 and PM_10, respectively, coinciding with intense rainfall (∼938 mm) and enhanced wet scavenging. Multiple linear regression revealed temperature and relative humidity as major inverse predictors of PM_2.5. Concentration Weighted Trajectories (CWT) analyses identified the northwestern IGP, particularly Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, as dominant source regions during post-monsoon and winter. Conditional Bivariate Potential Function (CBPF) analysis indicated high local contributions from industrial clusters and traffic corridors. The health burden estimates 874 premature deaths per million population annually, more than 90% of which is attributed to cardio-pulmonary health end points. The high industrial influence and dominant transboundary contributions strongly support the adoption of an airshed-level management framework that integrates local emission controls and regional collaboration to sustainably improve air quality and health outcomes in eastern India's industrial cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatile organic compounds, SO2 and NO2 capture by means of an indoor active living wall","authors":"Antonio José Fernández-Espinosa ,&nbsp;José Manuel Montiel-de La Cruz ,&nbsp;Rafael Fernández-Cañero ,&nbsp;Luis Pérez-Urrestarazu ,&nbsp;Sabina Rossini-Oliva","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.121856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability of an active living wall (ALW) to capture indoor air pollutants was studied. Five different species (<em>Spathiphyllum wallisii</em>, <em>Tradescantia zebrina</em>, <em>Philodendron scandens</em>, <em>Ficus pumila</em> and <em>Chlorophytum comosum</em>) were assessed. The experiments were performed inside a closed glass chamber for each species separately. Gas pollutants (NO₂ and SO₂) and volatile organic compounds (formaldehyde, acetone, n-hexane and n-heptane) were introduced into the chamber monitoring concentration changes. High values of the Pollutant Reduction (PR%) indicator were recorded after releasing pollutants in the chamber, especially for CH₂O and SO₂. After 24 h, PR% in the chamber ranged 96-98% for all the plant species studied. The ALW was more efficient in removing CH₂O and NO₂ than other air contaminants. In addition, differences in Differential Reduction Efficiency (DRE%) indicator were observed among plant species depending on the pollutant considered. After 15 min from the injection of TVOCs, a reduction of 24-40% was achieved with all plant species but <em>S. wallisii</em> showed greater DRE for NO₂, with 60% reduction in the first hour of exposure. The presented data demonstrates the effectiveness of active living wall systems for improving indoor air quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 121856"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}