Atmospheric Environment最新文献

{"title":"Biogenic volatile organic compounds produced by two unicellular and two filamentous cyanobacteria after a high light shock","authors":"Klaudia Kwidzińska ,&nbsp;Marta Hryniewicka ,&nbsp;Magda Caban","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) is increasing due to the effects of climate change, and the related increases in biomass production and phytoplankton blooms. The Baltic Sea is subject to increased pollution and average temperature rises, with cyanobacterial blooms happening more often. For the majority of Baltic cyanobacteria, there is no information about BVOCs production. Thereby, in our study, we decided to qualitatively analyze these chemicals in four species common for the Baltic Sea and its lagoons: <em>Synechocystis salina</em>, <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em>, <em>Nodularia spumigena</em>, and <em>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae.</em> A high light stressor was used as a trigger for the production of BVOCs in monocultures. Depending on the species, two to seven compounds were identified from groups of cyclic and aliphatic alkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, and terpenes. β-cyclocitral (representative of nor-carotenoids) was obtained in <em>M. aeruginosa,</em> and for the first time, it was detected as being produced by <em>N. spumigena</em>. Two unidentified compounds were also found. For one of them, the analysis of mass spectra showed that it could be a sulfur-based compound. The study presents for the first time BVOCs that are produced by <em>S. salina</em>, <em>N. spumigena</em>, and <em>A. flos-aquae</em> after light stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effects of ambient fine particulate matter and ozone on typical blood coagulation parameters among patients with ischemic heart disease","authors":"Juan Chen ,&nbsp;Yu You ,&nbsp;Weidong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Lei ,&nbsp;Yulin Li ,&nbsp;Jie Du ,&nbsp;Shaowei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The evidence for the interactive effects of long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and ozone (O₃) with typical coagulation parameters which are widely used in clinical practices is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data on basic information and typical coagulation parameters from 40,338 ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with their first admission records between January 1, 2018 and May 31, 2019 were obtained from Anzhen Hospital, Beijing. Multivariate linear regression model and stratified analysis were used to evaluate separate and interactive effects of annual PM_2.5 and maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8) O₃ exposures on typical coagulation parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that both long-term PM_2.5 and MDA8 O₃ exposures were associated with increases in prothrombin time and international normalized ratio (INR), and decreases in prothrombin activity (PTA), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and D-Dimer. The effect estimates of both PM_2.5 and MDA8 O₃ on PTA, INR, and APTT were generally stronger at higher percentiles of co-pollutant strata (all <em>P</em>_difference&lt;0.05). For example, the percent changes in PTA associated with per 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 were −0.68 % (95 %CI: −0.97 %, −0.38 %), −1.04 % (95 %CI: −1.30 %, −0.78 %) and −1.36 % (95 %CI: −1.80 %, −0.91 %) in the low (≤25 %), medium (25 %–75 %) and high (&gt;75 %) MDA8 O₃ strata, respectively; and the percent changes in PTA associated with per 10 μg/m³ increase in MDA8 O₃ were −1.63 % (95 %CI: −1.96 %, −1.30 %), −1.67 % (95 %CI: −2.03 %, −1.30 %) and −2.30 % (95 %CI: −2.78 %, −1.82 %) in the low, medium and high PM_2.5 strata, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study provides novel evidence that long-term PM_2.5 and O₃ exposures synergistically impair the function of coagulation, which may lead to the adverse prognosis in IHD patients, highlighting the advantage of implementing integrated management approaches for both air pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the long-term variations in sulfate–nitrate–ammonium aerosols in a coastal city in Northern China—Interpretability analysis from a machine learning perspective","authors":"Jianbin Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuanzhe Ni ,&nbsp;Yi Kong ,&nbsp;Jinhui Shi ,&nbsp;Jianhua Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite emission reduction efforts, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium (SNA) concentrations have not responded to precursor reduction as expected. In this study, the key drivers of long-term variations versus short-term pollution events were quantified by using a random forest (RF) model and the Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) method on the basis of atmospheric SNA concentrations in Qingdao from 2004 to 2023. The results validated the prediction accuracy of the RF + SHAP model for SNA trends. The rapid decrease in SO₄²⁻ was driven by SO₂ reductions, especially after 2013, at a rate of 8.0 %·yr⁻¹. In contrast, the NO₃⁻ concentration slightly increased overall before 2017 and then slowly decreased. The SHAP analysis results revealed that the increase in atmospheric oxidation capacity enhanced the secondary formation of NO₃⁻, thus offsetting the benefits of NOx emission reduction and marking a shift from SO₄²⁻-driven pollution to NO₃⁻-driven pollution. Corresponding to this shift, the NH₄⁺ concentration initially decreased before 2016, followed by a slight increase. Notably, during SNA pollution events, the key drivers shifted. Enhanced heterogeneous reaction processes, especially NH₃-driven gas–particle conversion, led to increased SNA formation. Our findings highlighted the changes in SNA formation mechanisms at different time scales, thereby advancing the understanding of the underlying atmospheric processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on aerosols and BC cross-layer transport at the top of the planetary boundary layer based on aircraft observations in autumn over the North China Plain","authors":"Kun Cui ,&nbsp;Sihan Liu ,&nbsp;Honglei Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Yi Cui ,&nbsp;Zihan Wang ,&nbsp;Fan Zu ,&nbsp;Lijuan Shen ,&nbsp;Yue Ke ,&nbsp;Zihao Wu ,&nbsp;Tianliang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vertical profiles of aerosol and black carbon (BC) play a critical role in the evolution process of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) structure, and pollutant transport. Eleven aircraft observations of aerosols and BC were launched in the North China Plain (NCP) in the autumn of 2019 and 2020. The aerosol number concentration (Na) and BC concentration (M_BC) below 2000 m in NCP have obvious diurnal variation characteristics. From 11:00 to 16:00, Na exhibited double peaks, with one peak identified near the top of PBL (8380.57 cm⁻³) and the second peak occurring near-surface (9692.13 cm⁻³), a downward Na gradient exists below the top of the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) (850m–1400m) and increases with time (3.93 cm⁻³/m to 9.64 cm⁻³/m). During 17:00–21:00, Na and M_BC exhibited a peak concentrated near the surface (the maximum values were 10077.74 cm⁻³ and 14.03 μg m⁻³), an upward Na gradient (17.73 cm⁻³/m) is present at the top of PBLH (100 m–280 m) well above the daytime level. The aerosol spectral distribution was bimodal with predominant particle diameters at 0.14 μm and 0.20 μm, and aerosols of 0.14 μm showed stronger vertical dispersion from 19:00 to 21:00. Aerosol and BC transport between the PBL and the free troposphere (FT) was bidirectional. Transport from the FT to PBL from 11:00 to 16:00, transport from PBL to FT from 17:00 to 21:00. 11:00 to 14:00, as the PBLH rose (1000m–1400m), aerosols and BC were transported to 1000–1500 m and accumulated within the PBL. 14:00 to 16:00, the combination of, the inversion layer and the downdraft air over the PBL resulted in a peak Na in the top of PBL from 14:00 to 16:00, Na gradient from the FT to PBL expands between 11:00 and 16:00. From 19:00 to 21:00, the height of the PBL was the lowest (300m–100m). Due to the decrease of PBLH, aerosol and BC were confined within the near-surface, leading to a significant increase in near-surface Na and M_BC, which were elevated by factors of 1.82 and 4.04, compared to their levels during 11:00–14:00, upward Na gradient from the top of PBLH increased at night, allowed for upward aerosol transport at night. The direction of air mass origins affects aerosol and BC behavior at different altitudes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"354 ","pages":"Article 121244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switch of gaseous element mercury source/sink in a Hg-contaminated subtropical forest by variation in atmospheric Hg pollution","authors":"Yuchun Zhang ,&nbsp;Piaopiao Ke ,&nbsp;Qian Yu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhao ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuxiao Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exchange of gaseous element mercury (GEM) between forests and atmosphere is an important part of the global mercury (Hg) cycle. However, there is ongoing debate about whether forests are as a net sink or source of GEM, especially in Hg-polluted regions. This study monitored the GEM fluxes over the canopy of an Hg-contaminated forest in subtropical Southwest China from August 2017 to December 2020 b y the aerodynamic gradient method. From August 2017 to July 2018, the atmospheric GEM concentration was 4.41 ± 1.49 ng m⁻³, with the forest serving as a source, exhibiting an average GEM flux of 101 ± 226 ng m⁻² h⁻¹, higher in summer (270 ng m⁻² h⁻¹) and lower in spring (13.3 ng m⁻² h⁻¹). By contrast, after 2019, the atmospheric concentration increased to 10.8 ± 36.3 ng m⁻³, due probably to adjacent city construction, resulting in the forest being switched to a net GEM sink (−48.5 ± 254 ng m⁻² h⁻¹). These findings indicated that atmospheric GEM concentration might play a major role in the GEM sink/source transition of forests. Future decreases in atmospheric Hg concentration may prompt the forest to release GEM again. Further studies are required to determine the time needed for the GEM exchange between the atmosphere and forest to reach a balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric ozonolysis of allyl sulfides: Theoretical and experimental study of kinetics and product yields in the presence and absence of an OH radical scavenger","authors":"Alejandro L. Cardona ,&nbsp;Cynthia B. Rivela ,&nbsp;Rodrigo G. Gibilisco ,&nbsp;María B. Blanco ,&nbsp;Oscar N. Ventura ,&nbsp;Mariano Teruel","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents an experimental and computational study of the ozonolysis of allyl methyl sulfide (H₂C=CHCH₂SCH₃, AMS) and allyl ethyl sulfide (H₂C=CHCH₂SCH₂CH₃, AES) in the gas phase at atmospheric conditions. The experiments were carried out using carbon monoxide (CO) as scavengers of nascent OH radicals. The main products of the reaction with O₃ from AMS and AES were identified and quantified by in situ FTIR spectroscopy. The yields of the SO₂, formaldehyde and formic acid products found were (26 ± 1) %, (62 ± 1) % and (7 ± 1) % for the AMS/CO/O₃ reaction, and (19 ± 1) %, (62 ± 1) % and (8 ± 1) % for the AES/CO/O₃ reaction, respectively. Besides those products, acrolein was also identified when the OH radical scavenger was absent. In this case, the yields obtained were (37 ± 1) %, (6 ± 1) %, (63 ± 1) % and (4 ± 1) % in the AMS/O₃ mixture, and (28 ± 1) %, (5 ± 1) %, (41 ± 1) % and (4 ± 1) % in the AES/O₃ mixture, for SO₂, acrolein, formaldehyde and formic acid, respectively. A small difference in product yields in the presence of CO could be attributed to secondary reactions with OH radicals.</div><div>DFT and post-Hartree-Fock composite computational chemistry calculations of reactants, transition states and products in the reaction paths were used to lend support to the experimental findings for the AMS + O₃ reaction. The calculated rate coefficients obtained in this work are in close agreement with the experimental data, with the ωB97X-D3(BJ)/aug-cc-pVTZ and ωB97X-V/aug-cc-pVTZ as the most accurate and reliable DFT methods. The inclusion of the SVECV-f12 protocol on top of those DFT calculations markedly improves the accuracy of the results. Atmospheric implications are discussed in terms of significant POCP and AP of sulfides and its products obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reassessing the missing OH reactivity based on organic molecular formulas: Comparison between urban and regional environments","authors":"Jipeng Qi ,&nbsp;Bin Yuan ,&nbsp;Wenjie Wang ,&nbsp;Sihang Wang ,&nbsp;Xianjun He ,&nbsp;Yubin Chen ,&nbsp;Yuwen Peng ,&nbsp;Yibo Huangfu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Bing Li ,&nbsp;Min Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Closure studies on the total OH reactivity (OHR) are essential for validating comprehensive measurements of reactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various atmospheric environments. Nonetheless, discrepancies persist between measured OHR and calculated OHR in many field observations, primarily due to the presence of unknown VOCs and their reaction rate constants with OH radicals. This study optimized the method for calculating the rate constant (<em>k</em>_OH) between isomers by categorization. The missing OH reactivity was reevaluated in an urban and a regional environment based on molecular formula. A notable missing OH reactivity was found during the rush hours in the morning and evening at the urban site, whereas the measured OHR agreed well with the calculated OHR at the regional site. Our analysis revealed that the oxidation products of VOCs significantly contributed to the OHR in highly-oxidizing atmospheres. After adding oxygenated VOCs, a negative correlation between missing OH reactivity and OH exposure was obtained. Finally, we determined the mean <em>k</em>_OH values for unknown VOCs to be 9.0 × 10⁻¹¹ cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹ at the urban site, respectively. These findings indicate that a comprehensive measurement of oxygenated VOCs can facilitate a comprehensive assessment of reactive VOCs under highly-oxidizing atmospheric conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved method for estimating chlorine depletion in sea salt aerosols using single particle aerosol mass spectrometer","authors":"Youtian Zhang ,&nbsp;Rongrong Han ,&nbsp;Guanru Wu ,&nbsp;Xinshuo Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Li ,&nbsp;Mei Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhou ,&nbsp;Jian Zhen Yu ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chloride-containing aerosols significantly influence tropospheric chemistry and cloud microphysics. Sea salt aerosols (SSAs) are a major source of chlorine-containing aerosols in coastal regions. However, existing methods for estimating chlorine depletion using Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (SPAMS) suffer from significant limitations. This study demonstrates that relying solely on [Cl]^- signal at m/z = −35 and −37 to quantify chlorine content leads to substantial overestimation of chlorine depletion, particularly in fresh SSAs, where additional chlorine is contributed by [Na₂Cl]⁺ and [NaCl₂]^- ions. Using SPAMS data collected at a coastal site in Hong Kong during winter, spring and summer, we propose an improved methodology that accounts for all potential chlorine-depleting components. This improved method shows a better correlation with bulk observations, reducing the average estimated chlorine depletion from 98 ± 1 % to 57 ± 3 %, aligning closely with bulk results (49 ± 22 %). The new method significantly improves the refined analysis of chemical processes affecting chlorine depletion by precisely resolving size-dependent biases, organic acid, and NH₃ concentration-dependent dual roles. Seasonal analyses highlight the strong influence of dominant air masses, with winter exhibiting the highest depletion due to air masses originating from industrial inland/coastal regions, while summer shows minimal depletion under clean marine conditions. The improved method establishes a more reliable framework for quantifying chlorine depletion in individual SSAs, advancing mechanistic understanding of coastal chlorine cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved estimation of new particle formation rate for air quality model in a polluted region of South Korea","authors":"Yusin Kim ,&nbsp;Sangdeok Shim ,&nbsp;Seogju Cho ,&nbsp;Seong Soo Yum ,&nbsp;Chul Han Song ,&nbsp;Sung Hoon Park","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ambient atmospheric aerosol particles consist of primary particles that are directly emitted and secondary particles that are formed through nucleation or chemical reactions. The number concentration of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, which has a significant impact on air quality and climate, is largely influenced by secondary particles formed through nucleation. Therefore, a precise understanding of nucleation is essential. Homogeneous nucleation is a mechanism in which new condensed-phase substances, aerosol particles, are generated through the phase transition of vapor under conditions of vapor supersaturation. Several theories have been proposed to explain nucleation processes, including H₂SO₄-H₂O binary homogeneous nucleation, H₂SO₄-H₂O-NH₃ ternary homogeneous nucleation, and ion-mediated nucleation. In practice, many air quality models including Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling system (CMAQ) still use only H₂SO₄-H₂O binary homogeneous nucleation module to calculate nucleation rates. The comparison and validation of different nucleation theories in the polluted regions of South Korea has never been conducted. In this study, we used CMAQv5.2 to simulate the aerosol number concentration at Seoul Olympic Park during the KORUS-AQ campaign. The results revealed that the model underestimated the aerosol number concentration by approximate a factor of 10 compared to observations. This is primarily due to nucleation rates, which raises the need for an alternative module with higher accuracy. To simulate nucleation rates and aerosol number concentrations, we applied five different nucleation modules to a box model Korea Air quality observation-based Box model (KAB) as well as a 3-dimensional chemical transport model CMAQ. Based on the KAB modeling results, the ion-mediated H₂SO₄-H₂O binary nucleation module resulted in a significantly higher nucleation rate compared to the calculations from the existing modules (0.06 cm⁻³s⁻¹ vs. 1.16 cm⁻³s⁻¹), providing values closer to the observed nucleation rates. And according to the CMAQ modeling results, ternary H₂SO₄-H₂O-NH₃ homogeneous nucleation module gave the calculated aerosol number concentration the closest to the observed value. Such comparisons between modules are expected to be useful for selecting the most suitable nucleation module for the atmospheric conditions in South Korea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of personal exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) in small-scale dry-cleaning facilities using passive sampling","authors":"Ji Hoon Seo ,&nbsp;Pil-Gon Kim ,&nbsp;Yun-Hee Choi ,&nbsp;Wonsik Shin ,&nbsp;Stefana Sochichiu ,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh ,&nbsp;Jung-Hwan Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates personal exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 50 workers from small-scale dry-cleaning facilities using optimized ePTFE passive samplers, analyzing 13 VOCs. At mean exposure levels, significant non-carcinogenic risks were identified for trichloroethylene (TCE), while carcinogenic risks were confirmed for five compounds: styrene, benzene, ethylbenzene, dichloroethene (DCE), and perchloroethylene (PCE). Workers most frequently reported health changes (48 %), followed by specific symptoms such as dry skin (24 %), fatigue (22 %), skin irritation (20 %), and eye fatigue (20 %), all of which were associated with exposure to different VOCs in the workplace. These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring and guidelines regarding working hours, particularly in small-scale workplaces. The VOC emissions from dry-cleaning facilities not only pose direct health risks to workers but also contribute to environmental pollution, highlighting the importance of proactive management and control measures in these businesses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}