ACS Sensors最新文献

{"title":"Composite Polyimide Foam-Based Sensors Dominated by the Piezoelectric Effect for Detecting Human Activity and Sounds","authors":"Lijun Ma, Yuanyuan Zhong, Yugen Wang, Pengfei He, Jun Fang, Jianwei Li","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02340","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorine polyimide (FPI) materials have been attracting significant attention due to their potential application as an ideal substrate for flexible piezoelectric sensors. However, the limited piezoelectric output remains a challenge to be overcome. Herein, an effective method for the synthesis of isocyanate-based fluorine polyimide foam containing BaTiO₃ nanoparticles via a one-step foaming method is proposed. Notably, the prepared FPI foams show improved piezoelectric properties with output voltage of up to 31 V at a vibration frequency of 20 Hz under the pressure of 1–5 N. In addition, the fabricated FPI foam-based sensor exhibits high sensitivity (8.232 V/N), short response time (7 ms), and outstanding durability (10,000 cycles). Moreover, the prepared FPI foams retain excellent thermal insulation and thermal stability. Specifically, when the sample was exposed to a hot stage at 220 °C for 10 min, the upper surface temperature of the samples was maintained at about 95.6 °C. In addition, the FPI foam has the ability to recognize various types of natural acoustic signals, demonstrating excellent piezoelectric sensitivity. This study provides an effective solution for enhancing the piezoelectric properties of FPI materials, showing significant potential in expanding their applications in smart, wearable microelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Phase Spinel High-Entropy (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4 Synthesized Using Electrospinning Technique and Its Application in the Sensing of Trimethylamine Gas at Room Temperature.","authors":"Jie Huo,Bosen Zhang,Hongli Zhu,Huiyu Lu,Jiarui Qi,Xinyu Meng,Shuangming Wang,Jing Cao,Longlong Fan","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02540","url":null,"abstract":"High-entropy engineering strategies have achieved success in enhancing energy storage and catalytic performances but are rarely reported to improve gas-sensing dynamics, especially for room-temperature gas sensing. Herein, single-phase spinel high-entropy oxide (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4 has been synthesized by electrospinning and authenticated by XRD Rietveld refinement simulation, configuration entropy calculation, and element mapping. For the first time, the as-prepared alkalized high-entropy oxide (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4 shows room-temperature trimethylamine gas-sensing properties, including superior sensing response (113%), high gas selectivity, fast response/recovery speed (11 s/28 s), as well as preferable repeatability and reliability toward 500 ppm of trimethylamine gas. Gas-sensing tests of comparative samples obtained by replacing and reducing metal ions validate that the synergistic effect by Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, and Mn ions enables (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4 to exhibit room-temperature trimethylamine gas sensing, while more lattice distortion, adsorbed oxygen, and oxygen vacancies generated by alkalization treatment further heighten trimethylamine gas adsorption and catalyze surface gas-sensing reactions. The coupling of high entropy and alkalization strategy opens up a new path for improving room-temperature gas sensing.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"477 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-Sensitive CH4-LITES Sensor Enabled by Low-Frequency Slingshot-Shaped Quartz Tuning Fork and Optical Enhancement.","authors":"Hanxu Ma,Shaoning Zheng,Runqiu Wang,Ying He,Yanjun Chen,Xiaorong Sun,Shunda Qiao,Yufei Ma","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02573","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports for the first time an ultrasensitive methane (CH4)-LITES sensor based on a low-frequency slingshot-shaped quartz tuning fork (QTF) and optical enhancement. The slingshot-shaped QTF serves as the core innovative component, featuring low resonant frequency (∼7.9 kHz), wide prong gap (>1000 μm), and slingshot-shaped curved transition structure, which significantly extends acoustic energy accumulation time, suppresses optical scattering noise, and optimizes stress distribution, thereby comprehensively enhancing sensing performance. Finite element simulation results demonstrate that, compared to a standard commercial QTF, the maximum temperature gradient and total surface charge of the slingshot-shaped QTF increased by factors of 3.53 and 2.68, respectively. Experimental validation shows that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the LITES system based on this slingshot-shaped QTF improved by 2.26 times compared to the system using a standard QTF. To further optimize the detection performance for CH4, a Raman fiber amplifier (RFA) was employed to enhance the power of the diode laser, while a multipass cell (MPC) with a dense spot pattern and an optical path length of approximately 80 m, along with a self-designed amplifier, were used to promote gas absorption and enhance signal gain, respectively. These three components work synergistically to effectively improve the sensor's detection capability by increasing excitation intensity, promoting gas absorption, and enhancing signal gain. In this configuration, the sensor's minimum detection limit (MDL) for CH4 was calculated to be 8.42 ppb, and the noise-equivalent normalized absorption coefficient (NNEA) was calculated as 1.38 × 10-9 cm-1·W·Hz-1/2. Allan deviation analysis indicated that at an averaging time of 350 s, the sensor's MDL was optimized to 0.72 ppb. This study provides a novel QTF structure with significant performance advantages and an optical enhancement strategy for highly sensitive CH4 gas detection, holding important application prospects in fields such as environmental monitoring and industrial safety.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145240977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flower-like FeWO4/f-MWCNTs Sphere for Triethylamine Gas Sensors Operating at Room Temperature: Sensing Performance, Mechanism Study, and Application to Detection of Fish Freshness","authors":"Zhihua Zhao, Shuhan Chen, Huiqin Li, Lan Wu, Zhigang Shao, Qilin Zou, Zhikun Wang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c01416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01416","url":null,"abstract":"Triethylamine (TEA) is a colorless organic liquid known for its high volatility that poses significant irritation to the human respiratory tract; meanwhile, TEA can be released from decaying fish, which can be monitored by a gas sensor. However, conventional TEA gas sensors typically require high operating temperatures, leading to a substantial energy consumption. To address food safety concerns and promote environmental sustainability, the advancement of a TEA sensor that works at room temperature is urgently needed. In our work, an FeWO₄/f-MWCNTs-3 chemoresistive gas sensor was fabricated by the hydrothermal method, integrating FeWO₄ with multiwalled carbon nanotubes treated with mixed acids (f-MWCNTs). The sensor demonstrates superior performance, owing to its elevated specific surface area, total pore volume, and synergistic effect of p–p heterojunctions. FeWO₄/f-MWCNTs-3 demonstrates excellent reproducibility, moisture resistance, stability, a minimal detection threshold of 1 ppm, and relatively rapid response/recovery times of 15/63 s. It attains a 113% response at 100 ppm of TEA at 25 °C. The applicability of FeWO₄/f-MWCNTs-3 for assessing fish freshness via TEA concentration analysis from pomfret fish stored at ambient temperature for 14 days was validated, indicating its significance in fish freshness detection methodologies. Additionally, the gas-sensing mechanism of this sensor was further explored using density functional theory (DFT).","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Electrofluorochromic Detection of Cancer Cells via a Bipolar Electrode Array Chip with a COF@Au@Fc/FA Signal Probe.","authors":"Zhaoyan Tian,Xing Wang,Liangying Wang,Pingping He,Liping Jia,Lei Shang,Huaisheng Wang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c01182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01182","url":null,"abstract":"Highly sensitive tumor cell targeting detection played a pivotal role in the early diagnosis of cancer and identification of solid tumors. Herein, an imaging array chip based on bipolar electrode (BPE)-electrofluorochromism (EFC) was designed for ultrasensitive in situ detection of cancer cells. Taking advantage of the strong affinity between folic acid (FA) and the overexpressed folate receptors (FR) on the surface of cancer cells, covalent-organic framework@gold nanoparticles (COF@Au) comodified with FA and the electroactive molecule ferrocene (Fc) were prepared. Using HeLa cells as a model, Fc deposited on the cell surface at the anode of the BPE underwent electrochemical oxidation upon the application of the appropriate driving voltage. By the principle of electrical neutrality in the BPE system, 4-carboxy resazurin (CRz) at the cathode was concurrently reduced, resulting in the formation of highly fluorescent 4-carboxy resorufin (CRr), which was recorded by using a fluorescence microscope. The strong affinity of the FA loaded on the surface of the nanoprobes with the abundant presence of FR on the cell surface enabled selective tumor cells with high sensitivity by adopting BPE-EFC technology, allowing the detection of a limit down to 2 cells based on a sample volume of 5 μL. The proposed BPE-EFC imaging system offered an innovative methodology for specific cancer cell identification.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal–Organic Framework-Based Chemiresistive Array Paired with Machine Learning Algorithms for the Detection and Differentiation of Toxic Gases","authors":"Georganna Benedetto, Patrick Damacet, Elissa O. Shehayeb, Gbenga Fabusola, Cory M. Simon, Katherine A. Mirica","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02182","url":null,"abstract":"The development of low-power, sensitive, and selective gas sensors capable of detecting and differentiating toxic gases is pivotal for safety and environmental monitoring. This paper describes a chemiresistive sensor array comprising a series of three conductive hexahydroxytriphenylene-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) (M₃(HHTP)₂ (M = Ni, Cu, Zn)) capable of detecting and differentiating parts-per-million (ppm) levels of carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH₃), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), and nitric oxide (NO), as well as binary mixtures of SO₂ and H₂S in dry nitrogen at room temperature. This capability arises from variations in the identity of the linking metal and the framework packing pattern across the materials in the array. To visualize the response pattern of the sensor array and map it to a predicted gas composition, principal component analysis and random forest classification are employed. Both machine learning techniques confirm the ability to discriminate CO, NH₃, SO₂, H₂S, and NO analytes as well as binary SO₂/H₂S mixtures at ppm concentrations using the response of the array. Moreover, a feature importance method applied to the classifier assigns importance scores to each sensor in the array to quantify the impact of individual materials on analyte discrimination. Spectroscopic investigations provide insight into how the structural features of the MOFs influence sensing performance and ascertain material–analyte interactions governing sensing selectivity for SO₂/H₂S binary mixtures.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145235072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time Ammonia and Humidity Monitoring with Ultra-Fast Conductometric Sensors Based on Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Complexes.","authors":"Sujithkumar Ganesh Moorthy,Eric Lesniewska,Hong Wang,Marcel Bouvet","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c01698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c01698","url":null,"abstract":"Organic semiconductors such as porphyrins and phthalocyanines are attracting a wide range of researchers due to their versatile electrical properties and sensing performances in conductometric sensors. In this study, we investigate two types of π-extended porphyrins, which share the same macrocyclic structure but differ in their central metal. These porphyrins are employed as sublayers in bilayer heterojunction devices, with the lutetium bisphthalocyanine complex, LuPc2, serving as the common top layer. Remarkably, the central metal in the porphyrin macrocycle significantly influences the solubility of the materials and, consequently, the surface topography of the resulting bilayer heterojunction devices. This structural variation translates into distinct electrical and sensing performances. The device incorporating nickel as the metal center (AM2) demonstrates superior sensitivity toward NH3, with a relative response (RR) of approximately -7% at 90 ppm, an ultrafast response time of about 9 s, and an impressive limit of detection (LOD) of 250 ppb. In contrast, the device that has zinc as the metal center in the sublayer (AM3) exhibits an RR value of approximately -0.9% at 90 ppm, with t90 of approximately 120 s and an LOD of 2 ppm. Both devices are evaluated under randomly varying NH3 concentrations and RH values. The results show that the AM2-based sensor allows real-time monitoring of NH3, while the AM3-based sensor provides an average concentration over time. On the other hand, the AM2-based sensor exhibits slow kinetics under RH exposure, while the AM3-based sensor precisely mirrors the pattern of random RH changes generated by the software, demonstrating its exceptional responsiveness and accuracy in tracking humidity fluctuations. These findings underscore the critical role of the metal center in tuning the electrical and sensing properties of the heterojunction devices.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Au@Pt/Pd Core-Shell Nanoparticle Arrays: Dual-Modal Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensor with Tunable Reversible/Irreversible Sensing Behaviors.","authors":"Peijie Ren,Shunsheng Ye,Chao Li,Lubing Cai,Fengshuang Zheng,Tieqiang Wang,Boxin Wei,Xuemin Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c03006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c03006","url":null,"abstract":"An emerging challenge in optical hydrogen sensing is the development of a single platform capable of both reversible detecting low-concentration hydrogen and irreversible signaling under high-concentration conditions. Here, we demonstrate that Au@Pt core-shell nanoparticle arrays (NAs) integrate two distinct mechanisms─reversible hydrogen-induced dielectric constant modulation and irreversible hydrogen-induced aggregation─thereby functioning as a dual-modal plasmonic hydrogen sensor. When exposure to <10% H2, Au@Pt NAs show a reversible ∼30 nm blue shift of the extinction peak, attributable to the desorption of chemisorbed water that lowers the local dielectric constant. In contrast, exposure to >10% H2 allows dissociated hydrogen atoms to diffuse into the Pt shell through grain boundaries, inducing lattice expansion and irreversible nanoparticle aggregation. This process leads to a permanent decrease in extinction intensity and a remarkable color change. The critical transition concentration (CTC) between reversible and irreversible modes can be systematically tuned by alloying the Pt shell with Pd. Increasing Pd content lowers the CTC from 10% H2 (Pt shell) to 1% H2 (Pt/Pd shell containing 25% Pd), while a higher Pd ratio results in a fully irreversible response. This work establishes a new class of Pt-based plasmonic hydrogen sensor with dual-mode functionality, not only shedding light on its unique sensing mechanism but also broadening the applicability for diverse scenarios.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Integrated Plasmonic Sensing Array for Chemical Fingerprinting and Flavor Profiling in Beverages and Other Liquids","authors":"Justin R. Sperling, Daniel D. Osborne, Badri Aekbote, Anthony E. Perri, Rebecca A. Setford, Hanyu Gao, Liam T. Wilson, Chad M. Sipperley, Rudolf J. Schick, Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, William J. Peveler, Alasdair W. Clark","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c02485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c02485","url":null,"abstract":"We report a reusable cross-reactive plasmonic sensing system that generates unique optical fingerprints for any liquid mixture. The platform leverages a multiplexed plasmonic chip and droplet microarray methodology for creating 24 orthogonally modified sensors coupled with hyperspectral imaging. We demonstrate the versatility and sensitivity of our platform by distinguishing not only between broad categories of chemically diverse beverages but also between individual products within those categories, capturing subtle chemical variations even within highly dilute samples, such as mineral waters. Capable of rapidly fingerprinting liquid samples and measuring the kinetics of reversible supramolecular interactions underlying those fingerprints, this technology represents a significant advance in cross-reactive liquid-phase sensor arrays. Our portable tool provides a practical solution for QA/QC in beverage production, a platform to extend liquid fingerprint analysis beyond food and drink, and, with array expansion, the potential to profile the complex molecular attributes that shape taste and flavor.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145216212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementing Clinical Management of Kawasaki Disease through Electrochemical Quantification of IP-10.","authors":"Sasya Madhurantakam,Zachary J Lee,Jayanth Babu Karnam,Sriram Muthukumar,Shalini Prasad","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.5c00702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.5c00702","url":null,"abstract":"Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, systemic vasculitis and the leading cause of acquired heart disease. While KD is easily diagnosed with full clinical symptoms, recognizing incomplete or atypical manifestations is challenging due to a limited understanding of its causes, lack of association with a single pathogen, and symptom overlap with common infantile diseases. As our understanding of biomarkers has progressed, efforts have been made to identify unique biomarker profiles in KD. IP-10, a driving chemokine, induces and maintains inflammation in the body, particularly the heart, influencing cardiac diseases. The heightened immune response during acute KD makes IP-10 a promising diagnostic adjunct and indicator of clinical progression. Given its role in activating and regulating inflammatory and immune responses, we propose interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 (IP-10) as one of these markers. Electrochemical biosensors offer a rapid, portable, and affordable alternative to traditional clinical laboratory standards. We showcase sensitive detection and quantification of IP-10 in plasma using a gold electrode platform functionalized with an antibody. The sensor can detect IP-10 up to 8100 pg/mL using 10 μL of sample with great recovery in spiked samples, with <20% variation between the sensors.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145215898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}