Aquatic Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Toxicity of microplastics and nanoplastics to benthic Sargassum horneri: The role of nitrogen availability in modulating stress responses","authors":"Menglin Bao ,&nbsp;Fei Sheng ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jichen Liu ,&nbsp;Rongyu Xin ,&nbsp;Fang Yan ,&nbsp;Shasha Zang ,&nbsp;Zhiguang Xu ,&nbsp;Hongyan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past few decades, the accumulation of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) have identified as enduring contaminants, posing significant risks to aquatic organisms. However, the interplay of MNPs and environmental stressors (e.g. nutrient etc.) is not well understood. In this study, <em>Sargassum horneri</em>, a typical benthic macroalgae, was cultured with two sizes of plastic particles (MPs (5 μm), NPs (0.05 μm) and nitrogen concentrations (LN (30 μM), HN (120 μM)) for 20 days to investigate the interactive effects between MNPs and nitrogen levels by measuring different physiological and biochemical parameters. The results demonstrated that both MPs and NPs decrease growth rate, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and catalase (CAT) activity, but increased the chlorophyll <em>a</em> and <em>c</em>, carotenoid, and soluble protein contents at low nitrogen level. Notably, the inhibitory effect on growth rate was more pronounced in the NPs conditions. Compared to low nitrogen groups, high nitrogen concentration increased the growth rate, NPQ, the ratio of carotenoids to chlorophyll <em>a</em>, the energy absorbed by each reaction center (ABS/RC), the energy dissipated by each reaction center (DI₀/RC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and CAT levels at same MPs or NPs treatment, respectively. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference among different sizes of plastic particle treatment groups in high nitrogen conditions. These results imply that NPs may exhibit potentially greater detrimental effects than MPs<strong>,</strong> when the algae were cultured under low nitrogen conditions. However, increased nitrogen availability appears to alleviate the toxic effects of MNPs by enhancing the algal photoprotective and antioxidant capacities. These findings highlight the potential for nutrient enrichment to mitigate the toxic impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on benthic macroalgae, providing valuable insights into future ecosystem response to increasing MNPs pollution in nutrient-variable coastal environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107366"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BPA-induced disruption of muscle development and larval metamorphosis in the mussel Mytilus coruscus","authors":"Shi-Hui Huang ,&nbsp;Yu-Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Ji-Yue Ni ,&nbsp;Yi-Feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenol A (BPA) has been found in aquatic environments worldwide, raising concerns about its potentially harmful effects, particularly during the early stages of organismal development. In this study, exposure to BPA significantly inhibited the development of <em>Mytilus coruscus</em> larvae and led to abnormal muscle development, characterized by a reduction in adductor muscle size and a decrease in the branching of velum retractor muscles. BPA exposure impaired larval metamorphosis, with reduced metamorphosis rates at 0.01 and 0.1 μg/mL concentrations. Inhibition of velum retractor muscle degeneration and a substantial reduction in the size of adductor muscles were observed, particularly at BPA concentrations of 3 and 5 μg/mL. BPA exposure significantly inhibited the expression of muscle growth-related genes, <em>MHC-2560</em> and <em>MHC-1792</em>, with suppression observed at multiple stages, indicating impaired muscle development. Transcriptomic analysis showed that BPA exposure significantly affected normal physiological processes in larvae. qPCR analysis confirmed the up-regulation of genes involved in autophagy, the AMPK pathway, and detoxification, alongside the down-regulation of genes associated with apoptosis, hedgehog signaling, and neuroendocrine signaling. These findings highlight the ecological risks of BPA, as environmentally relevant concentrations disrupt critical developmental processes, including muscle degeneration during larval metamorphosis, which are essential for the survival and population dynamics of marine bivalves. BPA exposure was found to negatively impact muscle development by inhibiting the expression of genes critical for muscle growth, leading to abnormal muscle morphology. The molecular mechanisms of BPA toxicity provide important insights into its broader impact on marine ecosystems, especially during early development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107368"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detrimental effects of thiamethoxam on the physiological status, gut microbiota, and gut metabolomics profile of Propsilocerus akamusi chironomid larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae)","authors":"Zeyang Sun,&nbsp;Anqi Han,&nbsp;Jingsong Gao,&nbsp;Yuan Zhou,&nbsp;Huawei Bu,&nbsp;Jian Mao,&nbsp;Wei Chen,&nbsp;Chuncai Yan,&nbsp;Jinsheng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thiamethoxam, a widely applied neonicotinoid pesticide, poses a non-negligible risk to aquatic organisms and has garnered considerable attention. The biological impacts of thiamethoxam on chironomid larvae and protective strategies for tolerance remain to be investigated. In this study, we addressed the functional role of gut microbiota and determined the potential effects of thiamethoxam on physiological status, microbial commensals, and gut metabolome profile. A disturbed physiological status was induced by semi-lethal and sub-lethal thiamethoxam, with a higher concentration resulting in a more rapid and stronger response, as reflected by a conspicuous alteration of detoxifying and oxidative markers. Our results also demonstrated that an intact gut microflora was necessary for chironomid larvae to survive better under thiamethoxam-challenged condition. A low dosage of thiamethoxam could remarkably decrease the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial strains (e.g. <em>Cetobacterium</em> and <em>Tyzzerella</em>) while significantly increase the prevalence of opportunistic pathogens, including the genera <em>Serratia, Shewanella, Aeromonas</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em>. Additionally, an evident variability of bacterial correlations was observed, and the thiamethoxam exposure impaired the genus-genus interaction and destabilized the whole community structure. The metabolome profile revealed that the toxic factor induced a significant downregulation of metabolites involved in glycolysis, amino acid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism pathways. Notably, the integration of metabolomics and gut microbiota data highlighted that representative substrates related to energy metabolism were negatively correlated with the elevated opportunities pathogens when chironomid larvae were challenged with thiamethoxam. These results suggested that a balanced microbial community was pivotal for maintaining energy expenditure and intake system, thus conferring benefits for chironomid larvae to defend against the invading thiamethoxam and preserve their physical well-being. This work provides theoretical guidance for the practical use of thiamethoxam in aquatic ecosystem and offers insights into the potential mechanisms utilized by chironomid larvae to detoxify pesticides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights on nitrate pollution-induced intestinal dysfunction in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) revealed by integrated dynamic metabolomics and transcriptomics","authors":"Jiachen Yu ,&nbsp;Suyue Zhou ,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Qin ,&nbsp;Honglu Guo ,&nbsp;Anxin Shi ,&nbsp;Xiangyuan Li ,&nbsp;Xingqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Lian ,&nbsp;Qing Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrate pollution in aquatic ecosystems has attracted global attention and has toxic effects on marine organisms. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying nitrate toxicity in the fish gut remain obscure. To this end, turbot were subjected to nitrate exposure (200 mg/L NO₃–N) for 0, 10, 20, and 30 days to explore nitrate toxicity and metabolic mechanisms in the gut by employing a multi-omics analysis integrating metabolomics with transcriptomics. The metabolomics analysis showed that nitrate exposure resulted in significant changes in the intestinal metabolite network, implying that the intestinal metabolism of turbot was impaired. Metabolites Pathway Analysis (MetPA) results revealed that the metabolic pathways significantly impacted by nitrate exposure included amino-acid metabolism pathways, such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. Additionally, network interaction analysis between key differential metabolites (DMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified seven essential amino acids associated with this process. Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis determined that six distinct temporal expression patterns exhibited dynamic changes in DMs, mainly enriched in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids, indicating an increased energy demand to withstand nitrate stress. Multi-omics analysis revealed that sustained nitrate stress can interfere with protein digestion and absorption, alter collagen anabolism and specific composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and ultimately disrupt intestinal homeostasis. Our findings enhance our understanding of nitrate toxicity in fish and offer insights that can improve nitrate management in marine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of combined exposure to polyethylene and oxidized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on growth, development, and neurobehavior in Zebrafish","authors":"Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Yujun Ning ,&nbsp;Yi Jiang ,&nbsp;Yiquan Ou ,&nbsp;Xiaobing Chen ,&nbsp;Chiting Zhong ,&nbsp;Ru Wang ,&nbsp;Zhibo Zhang ,&nbsp;Kongfan Wang ,&nbsp;Dingxin Long ,&nbsp;Weichao Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) are a class of anthropogenic, persistent, and highly toxic PAH contaminants associated with developmental toxicity, 9-fluorenone (9-FLO) is a typical member of the OPAH family. Due to its ketone group, it has higher polarity, which results in increased solubility in water and greater potential for transport via atmospheric particles or water bodies. Polyethylene (PE), an amorphous polymer, is characterized by high diffusivity, high permeability, and a large internal molecular free volume, which confers a strong absorption capacity for organic pollutants. The effects of individual and combined exposures to these two common environmental pollutants on aquatic life remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of PE and 9-FLO exposure on growth, development, metabolism, and behavior using zebrafish as a model organism. We employed methods and techniques such as acridine orange staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), video tracking, automated behavior analysis, microscopy imaging, and real-time fluorescence quantification. Zebrafish embryos at 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to PE and 9-FLO, both individually and in combination. Our studies showed that exposure to PE or 9-FLO alone increases embryonic mortality and decreases hatchability compared to the control group. The 9-FLO group exhibited delayed hatching and inhibited larval length growth. The exposed groups showed a loose arrangement of telencephalic neurons, partial apoptosis, decreased dopamine (DA) content, increased serotonin (5-HT) content, decreased exercise capacity, reduced rhythmic amplitude, and increased rest time. The combined exposure group showed a slight alleviation of these effects compared to the single exposure groups but still exhibited significant differences from the control group. In summary, early exposure to PE and 9-FLO in zebrafish embryos, whether alone or in combination, affects growth, development, apoptosis, neurotransmitter release, and motor behavior of zebrafish neurons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107361"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multigenerational ecotoxicity of tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate to the tropical water flea Ceriodaphnia cornuta and probabilistic ecological risk assessment in freshwater environments","authors":"Tan-Duc Nguyen ,&nbsp;Van-Tai Nguyen ,&nbsp;Khuong V. Dinh ,&nbsp;Claudia Wiegand ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Christine Baduel ,&nbsp;Thanh Luu Pham ,&nbsp;Thi Thuy Duong ,&nbsp;Quoc-Hung Nguyen ,&nbsp;Van Manh Do ,&nbsp;Thi Phuong Quynh Le ,&nbsp;Yu-Chen Huang ,&nbsp;Thanh-Son Dao","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of the organophosphorus flame retardant tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) and its presence in aquatic environments pose a hazard to wildlife. This study investigates the chronic ecotoxicity of TBOEP at environmentally relevant concentrations (6 ± 0.7 µg L⁻¹) in the tropical water flea <em>Ceriodaphnia cornuta</em> over seven generations. Delayed toxicity emerged from the second generation (F1) to the fourth generation (F3), affecting survival, body length, and fertility. Recovery occurred in F4, followed by complete inhibition in F5 and F6, where no organisms survived beyond day 10. Population dynamics revealed minimal growth in F5, leading to extinction by F6. This is the first study to demonstrate the multigenerational lethal effects of TBOEP at environmentally relevant concentrations, highlighting ecological threats to <em>C. cornuta</em> and other sensitive species. The mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear and require sub-organismal investigation. The chronic predicted no-effect concentration, estimated at 8.64 µg L⁻¹, exceeds the tested concentration and therefore may not adequately protect vulnerable species. Ecological risk assessments based on TBOEP concentrations detected in surface waters since 2014 suggest potential risks at elevated levels in specific locations across multiple countries. Additional research is essential to validate TBOEP's toxicity across species under chronic and multigenerational exposure. Current ecological risk assessments likely underestimate TBOEP's threat to aquatic ecosystems, emphasizing the need for reassessment to better safeguard biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107363"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute toxicity, bioconcentration, and metabolomic profiling of agrochemical organosilicone spray adjuvants in Zebrafish","authors":"Tianyou Feng ,&nbsp;Jianling Liu ,&nbsp;Ling Wu ,&nbsp;Yuanqiang Luo ,&nbsp;Ling Liu ,&nbsp;Fen Li ,&nbsp;Guangbin Wu ,&nbsp;Ping Lu ,&nbsp;Yuping Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agrochemical organosilicone spray adjuvants, widely applied in agroecosystems, are suspected to pose environmental risks based on recent studies. In response to these concerns, we have purified the active components of these adjuvants, specifically a series of oligomers of hydroxy(polyethyleneoxy) propyl-heptamethyl trisiloxane (TSS-H), including ethylene oxide (EO) units ranging from 4 to 12. For analysis of TSS-H in zebrafish and water, a method utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC<img>HRMS) was developed. The findings revealed that at total TSS-H concentrations of 0.04, 0.4, and 4 mg/kg, the average recovery rate of TSS-H containing 4 to 12 EO units in zebrafish ranged from 81.2 % to 107.2 %, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) between 0.1 % and 8.4 %. The 96-hour LC₅₀ of TSS-H in zebrafish was 6.71±0.04 mg/L. At exposure concentrations of 0.0671 mg/L and 0.671 mg/L, TSS-H oligomers reached a steady state in zebrafish within 14–21 days, with concentrations ranging from 0.008 to 0.05 mg/kg and 0.018 to 0.348 mg/kg, respectively. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) values for TSS-H oligomers (4–12 EO units) were 1.87–11.59 at the low dose and 0.79–9.19 at the high dose after 14 days. The elimination half-lives of the oligomers were &lt;2.37 days during the elimination phase. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis revealed both TSS-H doses significantly impacted lipid and amino acid metabolic pathways, with disruptions largely associated with abnormal energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and alterations in membrane composition. These findings are critical for assessing the food safety and environmental risks of agrochemical organosilicone spray adjuvants in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluoxetine impairs gamete function and fertilization success in Tegillarca granosa: environmental risks of antidepressant contamination","authors":"Yu Han ,&nbsp;Xingzhou Yu ,&nbsp;Guanghui Wang ,&nbsp;Shanjie Zha ,&nbsp;Wei Shi ,&nbsp;Zhiquan Liu ,&nbsp;Hangjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangxu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) has been increasingly detected in global environments, emerging as a contaminant with significant toxic effects. However, its impact on the fertilization processes of broadcast-spawning species remains unclear. This study focuses on <em>Tegillarca granosa</em>, a broadcast-spawning bivalve, to evaluate the effects of fluoxetine on gametes and fertilization success. The findings revealed that FLX significantly reduced sperm motility, including curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, and straight-line velocity. Further analysis demonstrated that FLX impaired sperm motility by inhibiting ATP production and reducing cellular activity. Additionally, FLX altered Ca²⁺ homeostasis and caspase activity in both sperm and eggs, and suppressed mitochondrial energy supply in eggs. By assessing gamete collision probabilities and fusion rates, the study systematically confirms the considerable fertilization toxicity of FLX in <em>T. granosa</em>. These findings provide critical insights into the environmental risks posed by FLX contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 107364"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of polystyrene nanoplastics on the intestinal histopathology, oxidative stress, and microbiota of Acrossocheilus yunnanensis","authors":"Zhaolai Guo ,&nbsp;Ruisi Yang ,&nbsp;Zexiang Hua ,&nbsp;Wenyu Long ,&nbsp;Qianqian Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Even though extensive research exists on the negative impact of nanoplastics on fish, their effect on the microbiota and intestinal health of freshwater fish remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on the microbiota, oxidative stress, and intestinal morphology of the <em>Acrossocheilus yunnanensis</em> (<em>A. yunnanensis</em>) freshwater fish species. The findings demonstrated that PS-NPs induced structural changes (e.g., epithelial rupture and microvilli damage) in the intestinal tissue of <em>A. yunnanensis</em>. Meanwhile, they increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the intestine, but did not significantly cause changes in the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes. The microbiome results indicated that PS-NPs increased gut microbial community diversity and Proteobacteria abundance while decreasing the Fusobacteriota content. Furthermore, PS-NPs significantly improved multiple microbial functions such as amino acid and lipid transfer and metabolism, as well as energy generation and conversion. Overall, this study revealed that PS-NPs caused oxidative stress and microbiota dysbiosis in <em>A. yunnanensis</em>, possibly causing intestinal epithelial damage. This research elucidates the mechanism underlying PS-NP toxicity to freshwater fish and its subsequent impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 107359"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative plastic materials pose higher chemical hazard and aquatic ecotoxicity than conventional plastics","authors":"Ricardo Beiras ,&nbsp;Alejandro Vilas ,&nbsp;José Gómez Sieiro ,&nbsp;Alexandre M. Schönemann ,&nbsp;Filipe M.G. Laranjeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comparative ecotoxicological profile was conducted on plastic materials with the same use made of conventional polymers versus alternative, potentially biodegradable polymers, frequently marketed as “bio” with claims of lower ecological impact. The sensitive in vivo sea-urchin embryo test (SET) was used for the ecotoxicological characterization, and non-target chemical analyses using GC–MS for the chemical profiling. Toxicological properties of identified chemicals were compiled from ECHA, and NIH databases using an in-house developed Python tool, and qualitative and semiquantitative Chemical Hazard Indices (CHI) were calculated for each material. The alternative materials exhibited on average 2- to 3-fold higher CHI values compared to conventional materials. All PE items, including recycled and oxodegradable samples, lacked any in vivo ecotoxicity, whereas all compostable items showed a certain degree of in vivo toxicity except for the PLA cups. The top six materials containing the highest concentrations of category 1 reproductive toxicity phthalates were all alternative plastics: the recycled bag, compostable knives, PHB resin, and both home-compostable trash sacs. Therefore, while degradable plastics may contribute to reduce the environmental persistence of plastic items, they do not necessarily reduce their ecotoxicological impact, and may increase their chemical hazard.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":248,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Toxicology","volume":"284 ","pages":"Article 107360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}