{"title":"From Radical Nationalism to Anti-modernism","authors":"L. Chao","doi":"10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"After Manchukuo’s establishment, survival of Chinese “new literature” experienced hardship under colonial cultural dominance. Debates over overarching themes, styles, and orientations for Manchukuo literature, along with treatment of Japanese culture's paradoxical influence, generated two opposing intellectual factions: the Record of Art and Literature and the Selection of Writings groups, which appealed to literary modernity and national cultural identity. The Record of Art and Literature group endeavored to reconcile modernization pursuits with entrenched national consciousness, thus laying emphasis on literary production's independence and diversity while linking Chinese literature's modernization with emulation of its Japanese counterpart. In contrast, the Selection of Writings’ major goals were “describing social realities,” “inheriting literary traditions,” and “writing by the common people”. Inheriting the May Fourth Movement’s nationalist discourse, they further radicalized it through native-land literature to highlight literature's socio-political function, with national salvation as ultimate goal. Thereby, they rejected colonial modern infrastructure and culture. However, their underlying aesthetic notions, topics, and stylistic features somewhat resembled those of colonial propaganda organs, eventually turning them towards anti-modern complicity with colonial ideology.","PeriodicalId":244888,"journal":{"name":"Manchukuo Perspectives","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125851920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In the Sunken Submarine","authors":"Olga Bakich","doi":"10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter analyzes the development and artistic responses of Russian emigré poetry under the pressures of Japanese occupation during the Manchukuo years (1932-1945). It also examines what exile and losing one's nation meant for these stateless intellectuals. Several poets and their works are investigated, along with state-sponsored poetry competitions featuring Russian authors as a means to represent the \"success\" of multi-ethnic literary endeavours in Manchukuo.","PeriodicalId":244888,"journal":{"name":"Manchukuo Perspectives","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122196592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Luo Tuosheng and Manchukuo Literature","authors":"Ōkubo Akio","doi":"10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter utilizes newly discovered historical records and literary materials from China and Japan to investigate questions about Luo Tuosheng, a Manchukuo overseas student in imperial Japan, examining his identity, literary activities in Japan, and imprisonment. Luo played a central role in launching the influential \"Mobei wenxue qingnian-hui\" (Mobei Literary Youth Association) often overlooked by scholars, and thus provides a glimpse into Manchukuo overseas student engagement in Japan. The establishment and setbacks of this association will also be clarified.","PeriodicalId":244888,"journal":{"name":"Manchukuo Perspectives","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125326454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Utopianism Unrealized","authors":"Yingqin Xiong","doi":"10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Pan-Asian ideology has become firmly rooted in modern Japanese intellectual history. This chapter will enrich scholarly understanding of Japanese pan-Asianism, especially its relationship to imperialism in connection with Manchukuo, by relying on the specific case study of Japanese translator and Sinologist Yamaguchi Shin’ichi (1907-1980), better known to Manchukuo-based Japanese and Chinese writers by his pseudonym Ōuchi Takao. Initially trained as a China expert in the East Asia Common Culture Academy, Ōuchi then joined the Publicity Department of the South Manchuria Railway Company and later served as a major editor for the Manchuria Review before he worked as Manchukuo's primary translator of Chinese literature after 1937. His vision of Manchukuo appears within his translation and literary output, which in turn, shaped his unique identity as a Pan-Asianist in Manchukuo.","PeriodicalId":244888,"journal":{"name":"Manchukuo Perspectives","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128125786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Searching for Memories of Colonial Literature in Modern History","authors":"Z. Quan","doi":"10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528134.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"Mei Niang (1916-2013) enjoyed the longest career amongst those in Manchukuo’s “Manchurian writer group.” The century spanning Mei Niang's life witnessed dramatic, transformative change for both China and the world, and her experiences evoke a richly colourful, complex, and confusing history marked by political tensions. This chapter analyses important elements of the woman writer's professional career – from her use of local Northeastern words, Chinese translations of Japanese literature, and her award-winning novel Crabs. It argue that her fictional production during imperial Japan's occupation was not colonial per se but, rather, should be considered within the context of an extraordinary young woman’s experience of surviving colonialism and her perceptions of it.","PeriodicalId":244888,"journal":{"name":"Manchukuo Perspectives","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123879548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Manchuria” and the Proletarian Literature of Colonial Korea","authors":"Watanabe Naoki","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12fw77c.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12fw77c.23","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the relationship between Korean Agrarian Literature and colonialism in Manchuria. Certain Korean writers dealt with problems arising from Korean farmers flowing into Manchuria and wrote related fiction to regard Korean migrant issues as reflections of their own dilemmas expressed in Korean Proletarian Agrarian Literature. They especially emphasized Manchuria as a place of human reform. However, colonial victimhood transformed into colonialism when they crossed the Tumen River, the border between the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria. This chapter reveals how the ironic shift of subjectivity performed in the process shows how Korean ethnic nationalism was domesticated into imperial logic","PeriodicalId":244888,"journal":{"name":"Manchukuo Perspectives","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131336900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sickness, Death, and Survival in the Works of Gu Ding and Xiao Hong","authors":"Junko Agnew","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv12fw77c.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv12fw77c.12","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines how Chinese intellectuals of contrasting political agendas reacted to Manchukuo’s biopolitical regime within literary works. Gu Ding, who worked closely with the Japanese, regarded imperialism as a means of salvation for a sick China, while Xiao Hong, who opposed imperialism, treated the Japanese as just another disease inflicting the body politic. Although clear differences emerge in Gu and Xiao Hong’s perceptions of imperialism, comparisons of their works reveal similarities in depicting the socially constructed nature of sickness. In Gu’s story, the Japanese manufacture the terror caused by epidemic disease, while in Xiao Hong’s text, a village community's power holders define illness. Sickness may emerge naturally, but as revealed in literary narratives, its identification becomes an arena for political, economical, and social conflicts.","PeriodicalId":244888,"journal":{"name":"Manchukuo Perspectives","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131037188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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