Appetite最新文献

{"title":"Characterising the neural time-courses of food attribute representations","authors":"Violet J. Chae ,&nbsp;Tijl Grootswagers ,&nbsp;Stefan Bode ,&nbsp;Daniel Feuerriegel","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dietary decisions involve the consideration of multiple, often conflicting, food attributes that precede the computation of an overall value for a food. The differences in the speed at which attributes are processed play an important role; however, it is unknown whether different attributes are processed over distinct time windows. We mapped the neural time-courses of 12 choice-relevant food attributes. Participants (<em>N</em> = 110) viewed food images while we recorded brain activity using electroencephalography (EEG). A separate group of participants (<em>N</em> = 421) rated the same images on nutritive properties (healthiness, calorie content, edibility, and level of transformation), hedonic properties (tastiness, willingness to eat, negative and positive valence, and arousal), and familiarity (previous exposure, recognisability, and typicality). Using representational similarity analysis, we quantified differences in patterns of multivariate EEG signals across foods and assessed whether the structure of these differences was correlated with differences in attribute ratings. We observed similar correlation time-courses for many attributes. There was an early window of correlations (∼200 ms from image onset), followed by sustained windows of correlation from ∼400 to 650 ms. Using principal component analysis, we identified a set of broader constructs that accounted for variance in ratings across multiple attributes, and were also correlated with the EEG data. Our results indicate that food attributes important for choice are represented rapidly and in parallel, over similar time windows. Furthermore, we reveal that broad dimensions underlying individual attributes are also represented in the neural activity with distinct time-courses, indicating a multilevel structure of food attribute representations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between food insecurity, intuitive eating, and body mass index among adults: a cross-sectional study in Türkiye","authors":"Gökçe Ünal ,&nbsp;Özge Esgin","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the relationship between food insecurity, intuitive eating, and body mass index among adults. This cross-sectional study was conducted through face-to-face interviews between January and March 2025 at a public university in Türkiye, involving 1166 students and personnel (65.7 % women; age range: 19–64 years). Participants answered the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and the Intuitive Eating Scale-2, which has four subdimensions: unconditional permission to eat, eating for physical rather than emotional reasons, reliance on hunger and satiety cues, and body-food choice congruence. Self-reported body weight and height were collected to calculate body mass index. Food insecurity was experienced by 42.7 % of participants. It was associated with lower total Intuitive Eating Scale-2, reliance on hunger and satiety cues, body-food choice congruence (controlled for sex, institutional role, and age), and eating for physical rather than emotional reasons (controlled for sex and institutional role) scores. Sex was not a moderator of the association between food insecurity and intuitive eating. There were no significant interactions between Intuitive Eating Scale-2 total and subdimensions and food security status for body mass index. Overall, our study provides empirical evidence that food insecurity is a significant factor that contributes to low levels of intuitive eating in a large sample of Turkish adults. Further studies should investigate the moderating effect of sex on the association between food insecurity and intuitive eating, while also emphasizing the role of food insecurity in the relationship between intuitive eating habits and body mass index in different populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145273225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of climate change on food intake, appetite and dietary choices: From current challenges to future practices","authors":"Isaac Cheah ,&nbsp;Anwar Sadat Shimul ,&nbsp;Mahabub Rahman ,&nbsp;Natalina Zlatevska","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change profoundly impacts human appetite, food intake, and dietary behaviors through multiple pathways. Heat stress suppresses appetite via thermoregulation mechanisms, while climate-induced food insecurity alters availability and nutritional quality of staple crops. This special issue compiles twenty studies examining physiological responses, vulnerable population adaptations, and sustainable dietary transitions, emphasizing the urgent need for climate-resilient food systems and equitable nutrition interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between perceived stress and night eating moderated by personality: Cognitive emotion regulation as a mediator","authors":"Manyuan Li ,&nbsp;Jing Wu ,&nbsp;Sihang Zhu ,&nbsp;Tour Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Night Eating Syndrome (NES) was characterized by morning anorexia, evening hyperphagia, and insomnia, and was considered to be a response to stress that harms both physical and mental health. The present study utilized the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and the Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory brief version-15 (CBF-PI-B-15) to explore how perceived stress relates to night eating behavior and the role of cognitive emotion regulation and personality traits in this process. Key findings revealed that perceived stress significantly predicted increased night eating behavior (<em>β</em> = 0.392,<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), with maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediating this relationship (indirect effect = 0.264, 95 %CI = [0.198,0.334]). Notably, the extraversion dimension of personality demonstrated a negative moderating effect between maladaptive cognitive regulation and night eating behavior (<em>β</em> = −0.422, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Network analysis identified catastrophizing (strength = 1.107; closeness = 0.022) and perceived tension (strength = 1.054; closeness = 0.020) as central nodes in this network. The association between perceived stress and night eating behavior primarily manifested through catastrophizing and other-blame dimensions of maladaptive strategies. These findings suggest that individuals with heightened stress perception tend to employ maladaptive cognitive strategies, subsequently increasing night eating behavior. Importantly, extraversion became a protective personality factor that weakened the association between maladaptive regulation strategies and night eating behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation in multiple nutrition assistance programs early in the COVID-19 pandemic and dietary intake frequencies among WIC-participating children ages 1–4 years","authors":"M. Pia Chaparro ,&nbsp;Shannon E. Whaley ,&nbsp;Christopher E. Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We sought to investigate the association between participating in multiple nutrition assistance programs – including the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), Pandemic Electronic Benefit Transfer (P-EBT), and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) – and child dietary intake frequencies early during the COVID-19 pandemic among WIC-participating children 12–59 months of age. Data from the 2020 Los Angeles County WIC Survey, conducted July–December 2020 among a random sample of WIC-participating families in Los Angeles County, including child diet intake frequencies (servings/day or times/day) as reported by their mothers for sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), 100 % juice, milk, water, sweets, fruits, and vegetables (outcomes); participation in WIC, P-EBT, and SNAP (exposure); and child, maternal, and household covariates (n = 3563). We fitted covariate-adjusted Poisson regression (for water, milk, fruits, vegetables) or negative binomial regression (for SSBs, sweets). Compared to WIC-participating children in WIC-only households: 1) WIC-participating children in WIC + SNAP (pre-pandemic enrollment) households consumed 100 % juice more frequently (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.12, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.24); 2) WIC-participating children in WIC + P-EBT households consumed fruits less frequently (IRR = 0.94, 95 % CI = 0.90–0.99); 3) WIC-participating children in WIC + P-EBT + SNAP (during pandemic enrollment) households consumed milk more frequently (IRR = 1.13, 95 % CI = 1.05–1.21); and 4) WIC-participating children in WIC + P-EBT + SNAP (pre-pandemic enrollment) households consumed SSBs (IRR = 1.25, 95 % CI = 1.07–1.47), sweets (IRR = 1.11, 95 % CI=&gt;1.00–1.22), and milk (IRR = 1.08, 95 % CI = 1.02–1.15) more frequently, and water (IRR = 0.94, 95 % CI = 0.89-&lt;1.00) and fruits (IRR = 0.95, 95 % CI = 0.90–0.99) less frequently. Enhanced nutrition education may be needed for WIC-participating children who live in households participating in multiple nutrition assistance programs since they consumed foods discouraged by WIC (SSBs, sweets) more frequently and foods encouraged by WIC (fruits) less frequently, when compared to WIC-participating children in WIC-only households.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145353128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food neophobia correlates with motor cortex excitability in response to disgust-related stimuli","authors":"Antonella Cano ,&nbsp;Chiara Lacana ,&nbsp;Nicola Loi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Zeroual ,&nbsp;Elena Castiglia ,&nbsp;Josetta Sanna ,&nbsp;Maria Grazia Catte ,&nbsp;Franca Deriu ,&nbsp;Francesca Ginatempo","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disgust is a negative emotion that can trigger rejection mechanisms which are important for survival when the disgusting stimulus is spoiled/contaminated food. In this context the anterior digastric (AD) muscle by opening the jaw has a role in expelling potentially harmful substances from the mouth. Whether disgusting gustative stimuli affect the excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1) innervating AD muscle is not known. In this study, by applying transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol, short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) was measured in AD M1, during passive viewing of pictures representing either unspoiled or spoiled food. As control disgusted or happy face expressions were also administered. To evaluate a specific muscle effect, the experiment was also performed in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) representation area in M1. Disgust sensitivity, food neophobia and adherence to Mediterranean Diet were evaluated by validated questionnaires. Results evidenced that the passive view of gustatory disgust images does not modulate the excitability of AD M1. Correlation analysis showed an enhanced cortical excitability of the M1 innervating FDI, during the passive view of spoiled food, in higher food neophobic participants. This suggests that food neophobia could facilitate recognition of disgusting/rotten food and elicit avoidance mechanisms involving the hand but not the AD, associating for the first time, the heritable trait food neophobia with differences in M1 excitability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145218729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and rigorous multistep validation of a psychometric tool to measure food noise","authors":"Emily J. Dhurandhar ,&nbsp;Kevin C. Maki ,&nbsp;Nikhil V. Dhurandhar ,&nbsp;Theodore K. Kyle ,&nbsp;Sydney Yurkow ,&nbsp;Misty A.W. Hawkins ,&nbsp;Jon Agley ,&nbsp;Emily H. Ho ,&nbsp;Lawrence J. Cheskin ,&nbsp;Thorkild I.A. Sørensen ,&nbsp;Xi Rita Wang ,&nbsp;Bernard Gorman ,&nbsp;David B. Allison","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of processing level and nutritional quality on energy intake, ingestive behaviors, palatability, and satiety in a young adult population","authors":"Alexandra B. Larcom ,&nbsp;Ingrid E. Lofgren ,&nbsp;Matthew J. Delmonico ,&nbsp;Amanda Missimer ,&nbsp;Kathleen J. Melanson","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This randomized crossover trial examined differences in energy intake (EI), ingestive behaviors, palatability, and satiety in meals differing in processing and nutritional quality (NQ). At each visit, participants consumed one of three meals containing similar food items matched for energy, macronutrients, flavor profile, and texture: 1) Non-ultra-processed (UPF), high NQ (NUPF-HNQ), 2) UPF, high NQ (UPF-HNQ), and 3) UPF, low NQ (UPF-LNQ). Participants rated appetite (pre-meal, post-meal, and every half hour) and palatability using visual analog scales. Composite hedonic scores (CHS) were calculated. Repeated measures analysis of variance examined differences in EI, CHS, eating time (ET), eating rate (ER), energy intake rate (EIR), hunger, satiety, and desire to eat (DTE), at p &lt; 0.05. Linear regression examined associations between CHS and EI, ET, ER, and EIR, adjusting for meal. Forty healthy young adults (mean age 24.7 ± 5.1 years), predominantly white (67 %) females (70 %) with a mean BMI 25.3 ± 4.4 kg/m², were included. EI was similar for NUPF-HNQ (585.7 ± 163 kcal) and UPF-HNQ (609.7 ± 151.8 kcal) but significantly lower for UPF-LNQ (503.0 ± 164.1 kcal). CHS was higher for NUPF-HNQ (65.3 ± 22.9 mm) than UPF-LNQ (45.4 ± 20.9 mm). EIR was higher for UPF-HNQ (67.7 ± 23.1 kcal/min) than NUPF-HNQ (54.1 ± 18.4 kcal/min) and UPF-LNQ (50.1 ± 15.1 kcal/min). Hunger and DTE were higher for UPF-LNQ (159.7 ± 94.2 and 168.2 ± 94.9 mm∗min) than NUPF-HNQ (98.4 ± 69.9 and M = 107.3 ± 70.3 mm∗min). CHS was positively associated with EI (p &lt; 0.01, R² = 0.23) and ET (p = 0.02, R² = 0.08). EI was lower in a UPF-LNQ compared to non-UPF meals. Palatability ratings were lowest in the UPF-LNQ meal and were associated with EI and ET, potentially explaining results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145336096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health research in vegans and vegetarians: a critical commentary on ethics, empathy, and epidemiology","authors":"Jessica L. Campbell","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper critiques the widespread use of epidemiological comparisons between vegans and omnivores in mental health research. While such studies often attribute outcomes to nutritional deficiencies or benefits, they overlook key psychosocial and ethical factors, including elevated empathy, social stigma, and inconsistent dietary classifications. These confounds undermine causal inference and render observational findings conceptually flawed. Within-vegan analyses of diet quality offer more valid insights. We argue that future research could incorporate targeted psychological screening to better capture the ethical and social stressors unique to veganism, improving the accuracy and relevance of mental health assessments in both research and policy contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding practices and concerns as mediators between maternal mental health and eating behaviours in early childhood","authors":"Monica A. Lazarus ,&nbsp;Beatrice Franzolini ,&nbsp;Johan G. Eriksson ,&nbsp;Mary F-F. Chong ,&nbsp;Toh Jia Ying ,&nbsp;Maria de Iorio ,&nbsp;Michael J. Meaney ,&nbsp;Keith M. Godfrey ,&nbsp;Fabian Yap ,&nbsp;Helen Chen ,&nbsp;Yap Seng Chong ,&nbsp;Michelle Z.L. Kee ,&nbsp;Anna M. Fogel","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The impact of maternal mental health on child eating beyond infancy is understudied. This study explores whether maternal feeding practices and concerns mediate the association between maternal depression and anxiety symptoms and eating behaviours at age three years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 409 mother-child dyads in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes cohort were analysed. Maternal mental health was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, feeding practices and concerns with the Preschooler Feeding Questionnaire, and child eating behaviours with the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was used to test pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Depression symptoms in mothers showed direct and indirect links to child eating behaviours. For example, maternal depression symptoms were directly associated with enjoyment of food (<em>B</em> = 0.011, <em>p</em> = 0.015) and indirectly with food responsiveness (<em>B</em> = 0.004, <em>p</em> = 0.034) via use of food to calm the child. Anxiety symptoms, however, had only indirect associations with child eating behaviours through maternal feeding concerns, not practices. For example, maternal anxiety symptoms were indirectly linked with food responsiveness through perceived difficulty in feeding (<em>B</em> = −0.001, <em>p</em> = 0.011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Depression and anxiety symptoms influence children's eating behaviours differently. Anxiety symptoms were linked with child eating behaviours only through maternal feeding concerns, whereas depression symptoms were linked with child eating behaviours both directly and indirectly via feeding to calm the child. As maternal anxiety symptoms are linked with more child eating concerns, the validity of mother-reported child eating behaviours requires consideration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108340"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}