Appetite最新文献

{"title":"Predictors of ultra-processed foods consumption in 4-year-old Spanish children","authors":"Laura-María Compañ-Gabucio ,&nbsp;Laura Torres-Collado ,&nbsp;Alejandro Oncina-Cánovas ,&nbsp;Guillermo Fernández-Tardón ,&nbsp;Adonina Tardón ,&nbsp;Loreto Santa-Marina Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Ziortza Barroeta ,&nbsp;Martine Vrijheid ,&nbsp;Sarah Warkentin ,&nbsp;Sabrina Llop ,&nbsp;Raquel Soler-Blasco ,&nbsp;Carolina Ojeda-Belokon ,&nbsp;Manuela García-de-la-Hera ,&nbsp;Jesús Vioque ,&nbsp;Sandra González-Palacios","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption has increased in recent decades, contributing to poor diet quality and certain health problems in early childhood. This study aimed to evaluate UPF consumption in 4-year-old children and determine maternal and child sociodemographic and lifestyle predictors of UPF consumption. We analysed data for 1736 mother-child pairs from the INfancia y Medio Ambiente birth cohort study. Children's diets were parent-reported using validated food frequency questionnaires from which UPF consumption was calculated according to the NOVA classification. We used multinomial logistic regression to assess associations between sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics and child UPF consumption in tertiles (low, intermediate, high). The mean (SD) daily UPF consumption was 414.6 (240.2)g/day, accounting for 32.8 % of the total daily intake. The main sources of UPF consumption were ultra-processed dairy products (44.3 %), ultra-processed beverages (17.8 %) and sweet foods (16.5 %). A higher maternal UPF consumption during pregnancy [RRR_medium = 1.68 (95 %CI 1.23–2.30) and RRR_high = 2.86 (95 %CI: 2.02–4.04)] and child television viewing [RRR_{&gt;1.5 h/day} = 1.65 (95 %CI: 1.21–2.25)] were positively associated with a higher child UPF consumption, whereas maternal age≥30 years was associated with reduced UPF consumption [RRR = 0.71 (95 %CI: 0.54–0.94)]. These associations remained similar when stratified by sex, although maternal age effect was not significant in sex-specific models. Medium and high UPF consumption of mothers during pregnancy, younger age at pregnancy, and more television viewing in children were associated with higher UPF consumption at age 4. The identification of factors associated with child UPF consumption could support the development of health promotion strategies aimed at reducing UPF consumption in children.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Nobody is talking about it, so maybe it is not that important.” a qualitative study examining Canadian adults’ perceptions and experiences with dietary sodium","authors":"Rola Al Ghali ,&nbsp;Saman Tahir ,&nbsp;Ellen Vogel ,&nbsp;Mahmooda Khaliq ,&nbsp;Salma Bafagih ,&nbsp;JoAnne Arcand","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excess sodium intake is a major risk factor for chronic disease, yet most Canadians exceed recommended levels. Despite its significance, there is a lack of qualitative research examining the lived experiences, perceptions, and motivations behind sodium intake behaviors in the Canadian general population. This descriptive qualitative study used individual interviews to examine these factors among Canadian adults. A semi-structured interview guide, guided by Social Cognitive Theory and Socio-Ecological Model, was developed, expert-reviewed, and validated. Eight participants were recruited via social media and completed a 30–45-min interview. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed by four independent coders using an interpretivist approach. Participants (equal women and men, mean age 49 ± 16 years) were from diverse ethnicities and educational levels. Some had a chronic disease, and 50 % were limiting or considering reducing sodium intake. Most were unaware of excess sodium as a public health issue and unconcerned unless personally affected, though they worried about family members’ intake. Many had low immediate perceived benefits from reducing sodium, only prioritizing it when health effects emerged. Participants lacked awareness of their sodium consumption and how it compared to recommendations. Changing cooking habits and increased availability of processed foods contributed to higher intake. Restaurant meals were perceived as high in sodium, lacking menu labeling. The cost of lower-sodium foods was a barrier, and taste preference for salt influenced intake. Healthcare providers were key in raising awareness. This study offers a new perspective on excess dietary sodium, highlighting nuanced challenges to address as part of public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food-related sensory activities for children in educational settings: a scoping review","authors":"H. Weiser,&nbsp;M. Waling,&nbsp;I. Bohm","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hands-on activities, where children explore food with their senses, are of interest for their potential to promote healthy eating. Various food-related sensory activities (FRSA) have been developed as interventions, but design, delivery and outcome variation challenge a robust evaluation of programs. Some argue that a focus on health is narrow and that FRSA could foster other competences, including non-health dimensions of sustainability. The objective of this scoping review was therefore to examine insights from the scientific literature regarding types, aims, perceived benefits, outcome measures and connections to sustainability of FRSA targeting children in educational settings. PRISMA-ScR was used. Three databases were searched in Spring 2024, resulting in 25 included articles. The FRSA were categorized into two main types and four subtypes. The most common aims, perceived benefits, and outcome measures were related to improving children's healthy eating. It has also been suggested that FRSA might foster critically conscious consumers and socially competent individuals, and support product development. Yet, these aspects were only partially evaluated in the studies reviewed. While environmental dimensions of sustainable eating were recognized, some of the competences related to being critically conscious and socially competent may also be important for sustainable development. Future research may explore FRSA's potential contributions to outcomes other than physical health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108259"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion regulation facets prospectively distinguish food addiction from substance misuse in women with binge eating, gambling, or both behaviours","authors":"Sarah M. Farstad,&nbsp;Deepika Bajaj,&nbsp;Kristin M. von Ranson","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the degree of similarity between food addiction (FA) and substance addictions (SA), we prospectively compared emotion regulation deficits associated with FA and alcohol or drug misuse in women with binge eating, gambling, or both behaviours.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants were 202 community-recruited women who engaged in at-risk binge eating (39 %), at-risk gambling (18 %), or both (43 %). Participants completed online assessments every two months for six months. The baseline and six-month surveys assessed self-reported emotion regulation using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the UPPS-P Impulsivity Scale, FA using the Yale Food Addiction Scale, and alcohol and substance misuse using the Daily Drinking Questionnaire, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Drug Use Frequency, and Drug Abuse Screening Test. Two- and four-month surveys assessed only binge eating and gambling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified facets of emotion regulation that were cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with FA and substance misuse. Negative urgency emerged as a common cross-sectional correlate of FA and substance misuse, whereas positive urgency and non-acceptance of one's negative emotions had different associations to FA versus substance misuse. Positive urgency prospectively predicted 100 %, 130 %, and 200 % <em>increases</em> in odds of future substance misuse problems and a 50 % <em>decrease</em> in odds of future FA, whereas being unaccepting of one's negative emotions was associated with more severe FA symptoms (a DERS subscale) and <em>less</em> severe alcohol-related problems.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that FA is not associated with the same key deficits in emotion regulation as SA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do households cope with food insecurity? Quantitative analysis of the coping strategies of households with children attending public childcare in Uruguay","authors":"Gerónimo Brunet ,&nbsp;Gabriela Fajardo ,&nbsp;María Costa ,&nbsp;Luciana Bonilla ,&nbsp;Fernanda González ,&nbsp;Silvia Bentancor ,&nbsp;Sofía Verdier ,&nbsp;María Rosa Curutchet ,&nbsp;Alejandra Girona ,&nbsp;Lucía Pochellú ,&nbsp;Adriana Cauci ,&nbsp;Gastón Ares","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food insecurity remains a pressing global challenge, particularly for households with children. This study examined the coping strategies adopted by socioeconomically vulnerable households with children up to 3 years old in Uruguay, a high-income Latin American country, by addressing the following objectives: (i) estimate the frequency of different coping strategies, (ii) assess their relationship with perceived food insecurity, and (iii) analyze the influence of socio-economic factors on their use. A nationally representative survey was conducted among households with children attending public childcare centers (n = 1535). The questionnaire included the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and a set of 15 coping strategies derived from prior qualitative research. The findings revealed that 72 % of households had adopted at least one coping strategy in the year prior to the survey. The likelihood of employing each strategy varied with the level of food insecurity experienced by the household. The Rasch model suggested that coping strategies can be represented along a unidimensional continuum of severity: less severe strategies are adopted earlier as food shortages appear, while more severe strategies appear only under more extreme conditions. In addition to food insecurity, socio-economic status and education level were also significant predictors of the use of several strategies. These results suggest that coping strategies and food insecurity indicators capture distinct yet interconnected aspects of economic challenges to access food. Notably, some coping strategies were highly prevalent even among households experiencing mild food insecurity and food security, which may imply negative changes in children's diet quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating bodily states and emotions: the influence of child and caregiver factors on emotional eating in 18-month-old toddlers","authors":"Liam R. Chawner,&nbsp;Sayaka Kidby,&nbsp;Maria Laura Filippetti","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parental feeding practices, child temperament, and poor emotion regulation abilities are central factors associated with Emotional Eating (EE) during childhood (3–10 years). Yet, it is poorly understood how children develop EE behaviours in early life. This experimental study investigated the influences of parental and child factors on early expression of EE behaviours in 18-month-old toddlers (N = 71). Toddlers attended the lab twice. After eating lunch to satiation, we manipulated internal emotional states and examined how toddlers regulated their responses to a mildly stressful (experimental) task compared to a control task, using the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery “attractive toy behind a barrier” task. Immediately after, an Eating in the Absence of Hunger (EAH) protocol was administered. Toddlers' behaviours during each task were coded, along with measuring the energy consumption of snack food items. We found that experimental condition alone did not predict EE. However, toddlers exhibiting higher behavioural reactivity to changes in emotional state showed higher EE and consumed more energy. Higher parental use of food to regulate emotions predicted fewer calories EAH. Child eating traits were not found to be predictive of EE in the absence of hunger. We conclude that EE is a behaviour performed by some toddlers, yet an emotional perturbation alone is not enough to elicit EE at this developmental stage. Having a temperament that results in high behavioural reactivity to the situation and poor emotional regulation abilities may facilitate EE's occurrence. Future research should further investigate how both individual and situational factors interact to inform the development of EE in early life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108263"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early life food insecurity in male rats impairs memory function during adulthood","authors":"Alicia E. Kao ,&nbsp;Olivia P. Moody ,&nbsp;Emily E. Noble ,&nbsp;Kevin P. Myers ,&nbsp;Scott E. Kanoski ,&nbsp;Anna M.R. Hayes","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Approximately 14% of U.S. households are food insecure. The neurocognitive and metabolic impacts of unpredictable food access during early-life periods of development are poorly understood. To address these gaps we devised a novel rat model of food insecurity to control the timing, type, and quantity of accessible food using programmable feeders. Male rats were divided into 3 groups: Secure-chow (SC), a control group given 100% of daily estimated caloric intake, distributed evenly across 4 daily meals of standard chow at set mealtimes; Secure-mixed (SM), a 2nd control group identical to the SC group except that the food type predictably alternated daily between chow and a high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHS); and Insecure-mixed (IM), the experimental group given randomly alternating daily access to either chow or HFHS at either 85% or 115% of daily estimated caloric intake, distributed evenly across 3 daily meals with unpredictable mealtimes. These feeding schedules were implemented from postnatal days (PNs) 26–45, after which all groups received chow ad libitum. Metabolic assessments performed in adulthood revealed no group differences in caloric intake, body weight, or body composition when maintained on either chow (PN46-149) or a cafeteria diet (PN150-174). Behavioral measures (PN66-126) revealed no group differences in anxiety-like, exploratory, or impulsive behavior (zero maze, open field, differential reinforcement of low rates of responding procedures). However, the IM group exhibited hippocampus-dependent memory impairments compared to both control groups in the novel location recognition test. These findings suggest that early-life food insecurity may contribute to long-term impairments in memory function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental use of distraction and portioning to reduce snack intake by children with avid eating behaviour: An experimental laboratory study.","authors":"Katie L Edwards, Abigail Pickard, Claire Farrow, Emma Haycraft, Moritz Herle, Clare Llewellyn, Helen Croker, Jacqueline Blissett","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Children's avid eating behaviour is characterised by frequent snacking and food responsiveness. Parents need evidence-based advice on specific feeding practices, such as distraction techniques and portioning, that can be used to reduce children's intake of high energy-dense snacks. This experimental laboratory study tested the effectiveness of these feeding practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parents and children (3-5 years; N = 129) who were identified as having an avid or typical eating profile were recruited and randomly allocated to one of three conditions. Following a standardised meal, children's energy intake (kcal) in the absence of hunger was assessed. While children had access to a snack buffet, parents were asked to use one of the following feeding practices: (1) Distract - using distraction techniques to delay children's snack intake; (2) Portion - allowing children to have snacks from pre-portioned pots; or (3) Control - allowing children to eat the type and number of snacks that their child wanted to.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children in the distraction condition consumed significantly less energy from snacks (M = 54.44 kcal, SD = 73.30) compared to children in the portion (M = 103.89 kcal, SD = 91.33, p < .001) or control condition (M = 115.92 kcal, SD = 90.55, p < .001). Energy intake in the portion and control conditions was not significantly different (p > .05). Children with avid versus typical eating profiles did not differ significantly in energy intake (p > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parental use of distraction techniques may be effective for reducing children's intake of high energy-dense snacks and could be recommended for use to support the development of children's healthy eating. Research to examine the effectiveness of distraction in real-world settings is now needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"108257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Negative affect mediates the association between nightly sleep disturbance and next-day binge eating","authors":"Elizabeth W. Lampe ,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Crochiere ,&nbsp;Jannah R. Moussaoui ,&nbsp;Caroline Martin ,&nbsp;Destiny Crisp ,&nbsp;Ashley Kim ,&nbsp;Adrienne S. Juarascio ,&nbsp;Stephanie M. Manasse","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sleep disturbance has been linked with both increased negative affect and engagement in binge-eating (BE; i.e., eating episodes accompanied by a subjective sense of loss-of-control over eating). Negative affect itself is also predictive of BE. As such, it is possible that the effect of sleep disturbance on BE can be explained by increases in negative affect. We recruited adults with clinically significant BE (<em>N</em> = 96, <em>M</em>_age = 41.9 ± 14.1, 80.4 % female) to complete seven ecological momentary assessment surveys per day assessing sleep disturbance (morning surveys only), negative affect, and BE over 7–14 days. Mediation models evaluated whether there was an indirect effect of within-person increases in negative affect prior to binge eating on the association between within-person sleep disturbance (i.e., poor sleep quality, heightened morning fatigue, and short sleep duration relative to one's average) and binge eating. Pre-binge levels of negative affect mediated the association between both sleep quality (<em>Est</em> = −0.019, <em>S.E.</em> = 0.009, <em>p</em> = 0.028) and morning fatigue (<em>Est</em> = 0.020, <em>S.E.</em> = 0.009, <em>p</em> = 0.024) and BE. Negative affect did not significantly mediate the association between sleep duration and BE. Negative affect may be one mechanism linking sleep disturbance and BE. These findings suggest that treatments targeting sleep disturbance merit evaluation in eating disorder populations as they could eliminate sleep-related NA as a driver of BE. Future research should include objective assessment of sleep and test the additive benefit of interventions targeting sleep for BE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between romantic partners' dietary motives and their plant-based meat alternative consumption.","authors":"Sandro Jenni, Maxim Trenkenschuh, Nicholas Poh-Jie Tan, Wiebke Bleidorn, Christopher J Hopwood","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) play a key role in the transition towards more sustainable food systems. Consumer research has so far primarily focused on how personal factors influence people's decisions for or against PBMAs. Yet dietary choices are socially embedded and subject to interpersonal influences. Among these, romantic partners may be particularly important for each other's PBMA consumption because of their close relationship and high rate of meal sharing. Partner's roles might be more pronounced if partners differ in their attachment to meat. Using a Swiss convenience sample of 136 couples who differed in their level of meat consumption, we examined how dietary motives were associated with personal and partner's PBMA consumption. Both partners reported on dietary motives and food consumption in a baseline survey and across 28 shared meals, which allowed us to test between- and within-person effects using dyadic modeling frameworks. Regarding personal effects, being more concerned about animals and the environment related positively, and endorsing common meat-eating beliefs negatively, with PBMA consumption. Having limited access to alternatives was a barrier to PBMA choice for individuals with lower meat consumption. Regarding interpersonal effects, partners were more likely to eat PBMAs at meals where the other person was more concerned about animals. Lower (but not higher) meat consuming individuals' beliefs that meat is natural, necessary, and nice were associated with less frequent PBMA consumption of their partners. This exploratory study highlights the value of taking an intra- and interpersonal perspective to research on, and the promotion of, meat substitution.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}