Appetite最新文献

{"title":"Sensory sensitivity and food disgust in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder presentations across ages.","authors":"Lena Kramer, Alexander Nettlau, Anne-Kathrin Merz, Annick Martin, Anja Hilbert, Ricarda Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sensory sensitivity plays a pivotal role in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), and food disgust is widely accepted as a key factor in food avoidance across ages. However, their relationship remains unclear in ARFID in general and across its main presentations, picky eating, fear of aversive consequences, and lack of interest. Therefore, this cross-sectional study examined whether food disgust acted as a mediator of the relationship between sensory sensitivity and ARFID symptoms in children and adults. Parents and adults from the community participated in an online survey on children's and adults' sensory sensitivity, food disgust, and ARFID symptoms according to the three main presentations based on validated questionnaires. Data from 270 parents (children aged 2-17 years, 60% male) and 491 adults (18-73 years, 77% female) were analyzed. Consistently across ages, positive associations between food disgust and picky eating (medium to large effect) and fear of aversive consequences (small effect) were observed. Food disgust mediated (i.e., weakened) the association between sensory sensitivity and both picky eating (large effect) and fear of aversive consequences (small effect), but did not mediate this association for lack of interest. Different etiological mechanisms may play a role in the main presentations of ARFID. Food disgust was found to be particularly relevant for ARFID-picky eating in both children and adults, but was less relevant for ARFID-fear of aversive consequences and ARFID-lack of interest. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the directionality between sensory sensitivity, food disgust, and ARFID symptoms. Addressing food disgust in therapeutic approaches for ARFID warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Night Eating moderated by Personality: Cognitive Emotion Regulation as a Mediator.","authors":"Manyuan Li, Jing Wu, Sihang Zhu, Tour Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Night Eating Syndrome (NES) was characterized by morning anorexia, evening hyperphagia, and insomnia, and was considered to be a response to stress that harms both physical and mental health. The present study utilized the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and the Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory brief version-15 (CBF-PI-B-15) to explore how perceived stress relates to night eating behavior and the role of cognitive emotion regulation and personality traits in this process. Key findings revealed that perceived stress significantly predicted increased night eating behavior (β=0.392,p<0.01), with maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediating this relationship (indirect effect=0.264, 95%CI=[0.198,0.334]). Notably, the extraversion dimension of personality demonstrated a negative moderating effect between maladaptive cognitive regulation and night eating behavior (β=-0.422, p<0.05). Network analysis identified catastrophizing (strength=1.107; closeness=0.022) and perceived tension (strength=1.054; closeness=0.020) as central nodes in this network. The association between perceived stress and night eating behavior primarily manifested through catastrophizing and other-blame dimensions of maladaptive strategies. These findings suggest that individuals with heightened stress perception tend to employ maladaptive cognitive strategies, subsequently increasing night eating behavior. Importantly, extraversion became a protective personality factor that weakened the association between maladaptive regulation strategies and night eating behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Smoking Reduction on Food Demand in People with Excess Weight.","authors":"Ángel García-Pérez, Andrea Krotter, Antonio Verdejo-Garcia, Gloria Garcia-Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Smoking cessation is commonly associated with increased food intake and weight gain, representing a substantial barrier to quitting, particularly for individuals with overweight or obesity. This study aimed to uncover the behavioral economic mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon by analyzing changes in food demand during smoking cessation treatment among people with overweight or obesity. We also explored whether baseline tobacco use and eating behaviors predicted these changes. In an eight-week clinical trial, 120 adults with tobacco use disorder and overweight or obesity received treatment to promote smoking cessation and prevent weight gain. Tobacco exposure was assessed via urine cotinine, and food demand was measured using the Food Purchase Task (FPT) at baseline, 48 hours before the scheduled quit day (week 5), and post-treatment (week 8). Mixed-effects repeated measures models were used to analyze changes in FPT indices: demand intensity, Omax, Pmax, breakpoint, and elasticity. Participants who reduced or ceased smoking exhibited increases in food demand. Decreases in cotinine levels were significantly associated with higher Omax (p = .02), Pmax (p = .023), and breakpoint (p = .026), indicating increased reinforcing value of food during cessation treatment. Smoking reduction is linked to heightened food reinforcement, which may contribute to post-cessation weight gain. These findings highlight a potential mechanism underlying cessation-related weight gain and support the need for targeted interventions addressing the heightened reinforcing value of food during smoking cessation in individuals with excess weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108332"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Frontlines: A Descriptive Qualitative Study Exploring the Experiences and Perceptions of Caregivers Feeding Typically Developing Children.","authors":"Jovelle Pook, Nicholas Beng Hui Ng, Jamie Qiao Xin Ng, Ting Shian Chiang, Marion Margaret Aw, Shefaly Shorey","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caregivers play a crucial role in meal structure, food variety and feeding styles which contribute to the development and management of behavioural feeding difficulties in children, yet there is limited understanding of the caregiving experiences of feeding difficulties in typically developing children. This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of parents in feeding typically developing children in Singapore. A descriptive qualitative design was adopted. Data collection occurred from July 2024 to October 2024. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 12 participants who were approached through social media, recruitment at public locations and word-of-mouth. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews were conducted online and audio-recorded. Inductive thematic analysis was utilised to generate the findings. Three principal themes and nine subthemes were identified. The three themes were: (1) Navigating the mealtime minefield, (2) Harmonizing modernity with traditional family values, (3) Winning the mealtime battle together. This study highlighted the various challenges faced and strategies utilised by parents, shedding light on the emotional labour that goes into managing feeding challenges at home and the complex relational dynamics between parents and grandparents. Overall, caregivers' journey through feeding difficulties were characterised by patience, creativity in finding strategies that worked based on a deep understanding of their child's personality. There is a need for informational support for caregivers to manage their feeding expectations and adapt feeding strategies that are situated within their cultural context, and social support to help caregivers navigate feelings of failure and external judgement.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145211196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of climate change on food intake, appetite and dietary choices: From current challenges to future practices.","authors":"Isaac Cheah, Anwar Sadat Shimul, Mahabub Rahman, Natalina Zlatevska","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change profoundly impacts human appetite, food intake, and dietary behaviors through multiple pathways. Heat stress suppresses appetite via thermoregulation mechanisms, while climate-induced food insecurity alters availability and nutritional quality of staple crops. This special issue compiles twenty studies examining physiological responses, vulnerable population adaptations, and sustainable dietary transitions, emphasizing the urgent need for climate-resilient food systems and equitable nutrition interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steak is Not the Only Meat: Men Opt for Unconventional Meat Products When Mitigating Masculinity Threat.","authors":"Izabella Poswistak-Jazweicka, Peter M Gollwitzer, Katarzyna Byrka","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grounding our research in the symbolic self completion theory, we explored situations in which men are particularly motivated to consume meat and unconventional meat products, even when considered disgusting. We tested whether men compensate their experience of masculinity threat by opting for meat, including red meat, white larvae and offal. We also examined whether disgust towards products and their perception as feminine affect such decisions. In Study 1 (N = 247), men opted for more meat products when feeling self-incomplete in their masculinity. In Study 2 (N = 256), spicy edible larvae were preferred by men made to feel incomplete in their masculinity compared to those who felt complete, but the effect was significant only when considering the extent to which insects were perceived as disgusting and repulsive. Study 3 (N = 156) showed that preparing disgusting offal during a cooking course may compensate for feeling self-incomplete but only when it is not perceived as feminine. We discuss new research avenues and point to other boundary conditions that affect using various meat products in order to compensate for feelings of self-incompleteness in masculinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between nutritional and physical outcomes of community-dwelling older adults eating alone, versus with others: A systematic review.","authors":"Caitlin Wyman, Jolene Thomas, Michael Lawless, Alison Yaxley","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2025.108327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related changes in physiological function and an older person's physical, social and economic environment can impact their nutritional intake and overall health. While it is well-established that social isolation and loneliness can contribute to decreased food intake, the evidence quantifying the association between nutritional and physical outcomes of older adults eating alone, versus with others, has yet to be synthesised. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to answer the question, \"What is the association between nutritional and physical outcomes of community-dwelling older adults (aged ≥65 years) who eat alone, versus with others?\" This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Four databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO) were searched to February 2025 to identify relevant publications. From 3759 articles identified, 24 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These cross-sectional (n=19), cohort (n=4) or case-control (n=1) studies were mostly of neutral methodological quality and reported on nutritional status, dietary intake, appetite, body mass index, weight loss, muscle mass and/or frailty. Five studies reported no negative associations between eating alone and these outcomes. The remaining studies reported significant negative outcomes for those who ate alone: (1) poorer diet quality and food diversity; (2) lower fruit, vegetable and meat intake; and (3) an increased risk of weight loss and frailty. Strategies targeting shared mealtimes for community-dwelling older people should be investigated to reduce the experience of eating alone and associated negative outcomes. Implications for dietetic practice, primary and preventative healthcare include screening of mealtime habits to determine nutritional risk, and monitoring of outcomes identified in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between caregivers' responsive feeding practices and the intake of fruit and vegetable among children aged 6–36 months: the mediating role of children's enjoyment of food","authors":"Meijing An ,&nbsp;Xiyao Liu ,&nbsp;Nan Wu ,&nbsp;Qianling Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the associations and mechanisms between caregivers' responsive/non-responsive feeding practices and fruit/vegetable intake of infants and toddlers in China. A combination of survey and homed-based video observation approach was adopted. In the survey (n = 408), caregivers' feeding practices were assessed using a pre-validated scale. Children's eating behaviors and daily amount (g/day) of fruit/vegetable intake were measured by Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire, respectively. In the video observation (n = 42), feeding episodes of 2–3 main meals captured caregiver-child interactions for description and analysis. Linear regression analysis of the survey data revealed that caregivers' responsiveness to cues was positively related to fruit (β = 0.088, 95 % CI: 0.006, 0.171) and vegetable (β = 0.094, 95 % CI: 0.015, 0.174) intake among children aged 25–36 months. Mediation analysis revealed that children's enjoyment of food eating behavior mediated the above significant association. These survey findings were supported by analysis from the video data. Moreover, the survey demonstrated that caregivers' modelling and controlling were related to fruit intake of children aged 6–24 months and 25–36 months, respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Caregivers' encouraging to eat was positively associated, while emotional and instrumental feeding was negatively associated with vegetable intake among children aged 25–36 months (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). To promote children's fruit and vegetable intake, caregivers might be educated to adopt responsive and avoid non-responsive feeding practices, with consideration of age specific strategies; and whose children aged 25–36 months might use responsiveness to cues feeding strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 108325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy intake and appetite in laboratory and free-living conditions may be consistent across menstrual cycle phases","authors":"Miranda Smith ,&nbsp;Maryam Aghayan ,&nbsp;Jonathan Little ,&nbsp;Jerilynn C. Prior ,&nbsp;Tamara R. Cohen ,&nbsp;Zoë Soon ,&nbsp;Hephzibah Bomide ,&nbsp;Sarah Purcell","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Self-reported dietary intake varies across menstrual cycle phases, but objective assessments of dietary intake together with appetite and resting metabolic rate (RMR) are limited. This study aimed to assess differences in dietary intake, appetite, and RMR during two hormonally-distinct menstrual cycle phases in laboratory and free-living settings.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Healthy premenopausal females with predictable normal-length menstrual cycles completed two study visits: one in the late-follicular and one in the mid-luteal phase. Menstrual cycle phases were assessed using urinary luteinizing hormone surge and prospective cycle days. Participants consumed a 2-day energy- and macronutrient-balanced run-in diet prior to each visit. RMR was measured with indirect calorimetry, followed by appetite ratings before and after a standardized breakfast, and a food cravings questionnaire. Appetite was also tracked for 2.5 days post-visit in a free-living environment. <em>Ad libitum</em> energy and macronutrient intakes were measured using pre-weighed plus weighing of uneaten food at an in-laboratory lunch meal, as well as during the 2.5-day free-living period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighteen participants were included (age: 21 ± 4 years; body mass index: 21.2 ± 1.5 kg/m²). There were no differences between in-laboratory <em>ad libitum</em> energy or macronutrient intakes, appetite, or food cravings between phases. RMR did not differ between phases, although the mid-luteal phase RMR tended to be higher (104 ± 218 kcal/day higher<em>; P</em> = 0.074). No main or interaction effects for phase or time were observed for free-living dietary intake nor appetite ratings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although RMR tended to be increased during the luteal phase, comprehensive appetite and energy intake assessments showed no significant cycle-phase differences in these 18 participants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 108314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145154201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can this moldy fruit be eaten? Four-to six-year-old children's epistemic trust in food domain experts.","authors":"Zhe Li, Keren Zhou, Jialing Li, Tingyu Li, Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.appet.2025.108321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children's understanding of food is influenced by the information they receive from others. Two studies explored the trust of 180 Chinese children (90 girls and 90 boys; aged 4-6) in information providers with different levels of expertise in the food domain (fruit experts vs. fruit farmers vs. ordinary people) in nonconflict and conflict situations. The results showed that children of all ages were more likely to trust a fruit expert (Study 1) and a fruit farmer (Study 2) than a common person. However, if the statement provided by the expert conflicted with the children's pre-existing beliefs, less than half of the children (Study 1: 33%; Study 2: 46%) chose to accept the expert's statement and revised prior beliefs. The comparative analyses of Studies 1 and 2 indicated that 6-year-olds could accurately judge the level of expertise of fruit experts and fruit farmers, and they tended to trust fruit experts with a higher level of professional knowledge than fruit farmers with a slightly lower level of specialty. Study 3 further confirmed that both adults and children perceived the fruit expert as more knowledgeable than the fruit farmer. These suggest that the children could evaluate the learning situation, the information providers' expertise, and their prior experience when faced with the question of whether high-risk foods were edible.</p>","PeriodicalId":242,"journal":{"name":"Appetite","volume":" ","pages":"108321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}