中华流行病学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Association between social support and subjective and objective cognitive functions among middle-aged and elderly population in Pingyin County, Jinan City].","authors":"X Li, Q Wang, C Y Fu, Z X Wang, L Y Zhang, X Y Zhang, D S Zhu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240812-00496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240812-00496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the association between social support and subjective and objective cognitive functions among the middle-aged and elderly population in Pingyin County, Jinan City, Shandong Province. <b>Methods:</b> Employing a multi-stage cluster random sampling method, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 by selecting people aged 45-70 years from seven villages in three towns within Pingyin County, Jinan City, as survey respondents. Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Subjective Cognitive Decline-Questionnaire 9 (SCD-Q9) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic (MoCA-B) were used to assess the social support and cognitive status of interviewees, and a self-developed questionnaire was used to collect other basic information. Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression and multifactorial logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between social support and subjective and objective cognitive functions. <b>Results:</b> A total of 1 891 subjects were finally included in the study, with 45.52±6.99 for the SSRS total score, an abnormal rate of 43.68% (826/1 891) for the SCD-Q9 score and an abnormal rate of 60.02% (1 135/1 891) for the MoCA-B score. The SSRS total score, subjective support score, objective support score and support utilization score were negatively correlated with SCD-Q9 scores and positively correlated with MoCA-B scores (all <i>P</i><0.05). An increase in SSRS total score (<i>β</i>=-0.034, 95%<i>CI</i>: -0.051--0.017, <i>P</i><0.001) and objective support score (<i>β</i>=-0.074, 95%<i>CI</i>: -0.121--0.027, <i>P</i>=0.002) can lower SCD-Q9 scores. Compared to those who had only 1 source of financial support or help with practical problems when experiencing an acute situation, those with 2-4 (<i>OR</i>=0.53, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.34-0.82), 5 (<i>OR</i>=0.46, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.27-0.79), or 6-7 (<i>OR</i>=0.42, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.22-0.81) sources of help were more likely to have normal SCD-Q9 scores. Compared to individuals with ≤2 close friends who provided support and help, those with 3-5 (<i>OR</i>=0.67, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.50-0.91) or ≥6 friends (<i>OR</i>=0.72, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.54-0.97) were more likely to have normal MoCA-B scores. Moreover, compared to individuals who never participated in group activities, those who actively participated (<i>OR</i>=0.59, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.42-0.81) were more likely to have normal MoCA-B scores. <b>Conclusions:</b> Social support has protective effects on subjective and objective cognitive functions, and various social support conditions have different protective effects on subjective and objective cognitive functions among middle-aged and older people. Improving social support conditions for middle-aged and elderly individuals may delay the process of cognitive decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"218-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Latent-class analysis of intimate partner violence and HIV high risk behaviors among college students in Zhuhai].","authors":"Y H Lin, Y Zhou, Y F Xie, J B Li, X X Tan, K H Lin, Y Yan, H B Jiang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240617-00354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240617-00354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the latent-classes of HIV high risk behaviors among college students, and the association between experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV high risk behaviors, to provide evidence for reducing the HIV high risk behaviors among them. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2019 among university students from six higher education institutions in Zhuhai City, using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, with an estimated sample size of 1 318. The study included participants who self-reported being in a romantic relationship and having sexual experience within the past year. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, IPV experiences, and HIV high risk behaviors were collected. Latent-class analysis was performed on HIV high risk behaviors, and chi-squared tests and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze the associations between IPV experiences and different latent classes of HIV high risk behaviors. <b>Results:</b> The effective response rate for the survey was 95.4% (12 235/12 821). 1 382 college students from Zhuhai were included as participants in the study, with 19.4% (268/1 382) self-reporting having experienced IPV. Latent-class analysis of HIV high risk behaviors classified the participants into three latent groups: low-risk group (78.1%, 1 079/1 382), multiple sexual partners/alcohol use before sex group (15.8%, 219/1 382), and high-risk group (6.1%, 84/1 382). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that students who had experienced psychological violence were more likely to be in the group that had multiple sexual partners/alcohol use before sex (a<i>OR</i>=2.51, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.48-4.27). Those who had experienced IPV (a<i>OR</i>=5.74, 95%<i>CI</i>:3.45-9.55), physical violence (a<i>OR</i>=9.26, 95%<i>CI:</i> 5.24-16.35), sexual violence (a<i>OR</i>=8.46, 95%<i>CI</i>:4.93-14.52), or psychological violence (a<i>OR</i>=15.99, 95%<i>CI</i>:8.64-29.57) were more likely to be in the high-risk group. Students who experienced two (a<i>OR</i>=9.37, 95%<i>CI</i>:3.55-24.71) or three types of IPV (a<i>OR</i>=50.09, 95%<i>CI</i>: 21.06-119.14) were more likely to be in the high-risk group compared to those with no IPV experiences. <b>Conclusions:</b> HIV high risk behaviors among college students in Zhuhai exhibited heterogeneity across different latent groups, and these groups have different associations with IPV experiences. Universities should tailor targeted HIV/AIDS education and prevention strategies based on the characteristics of each latent group to reduce HIV high risk behaviors among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"245-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development of a pre-processing workflow for real world data derived from multicenter clinical laboratories].","authors":"C Liu, X X Peng, S Y Cai, Y L Liu, C Zhang, F Hu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240620-00364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240620-00364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To develop a pre-processing workflow of real world data (RWD) derived from multicenter clinical laboratories so that the level of data standardization can be improved, and subsequently to produce more robust real world evidence (RWE). <b>Methods:</b> Purpose sampling was used to invite senior experts with experience in clinical research utilizing RWD, covering the fields of clinical laboratory, epidemiology, biostatistics, and clinical medicine. In-depth, semi-structured individual interviews were conducted and thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data. <b>Results:</b> The in-depth interviews were completed in 16 experts. The experts unanimously agreed that pre-processing RWD derived from multicenter clinical laboratories is necessary prior to its application in research. Based on experts' insights, a comprehensive pre-processing workflow for RWD was constructed, comprising six key steps: ①developing a variable list based on research questions and distributing it to each clinical laboratory; ②conducting an initial quality assessment of RWD based on existing quality control results in clinical laboratories; ③cleaning the data; ④determining whether RWD (including categorical and continuous variables) is heterogeneity among different clinical laboratories; ⑤exploring potential sources of heterogeneity;⑥pre-processing RWD based on identified causes contributing to heterogeneity. <b>Conclusion:</b> The pre-processing workflow of RWD was established, to provide a methodological reference for controlling systematic errors in RWD derived from multicenter clinical laboratories, thereby enhancing the validity of RWE.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"296-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence and associates of hyperuricemia in middle- and older-aged populations of islands and mountainous areas in Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province].","authors":"Y H Gao, T T Wang, T L Chen, Y L Xie, Y T Wang, S L Wang, L Y Wang, H J Lin, N He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240819-00510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240819-00510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To determine the prevalence and associates of hyperuricemia (HUA) among the middle- and older-aged population of the island and mountainous areas in Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals aged 45 and above in the island and mountainous area of Taizhou City. The study included questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Data were primarily collected on sociodemographic characteristics, chronic disease history, lifestyle factors, waist circumference, blood pressure, and serum uric acid levels. The association between hyperuricemia and these factors was analyzed by logistic regression. <b>Results:</b> A total of 971 individuals were included in the study, comprising 468 from island and 503 from mountainous area. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 17.9%, with a significantly higher prevalence in the island area (25.6%) compared to the mountainous area (10.7%). Stratified by gender and age, differences in the prevalence of hyperuricemia between island and mountainous areas were observed in males aged 55 to 64, females aged 45 to 54, 55 to 64, 75 and above (all <i>P</i><0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high intake of sea food (>3 times/week) was positively associated with hyperuricemia (<i>OR</i>=2.10, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.33-3.34). Furthermore, separate regionally stratified logistic regression analyses showed that in the island area, male gender (<i>OR</i>=3.15, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.78-5.66), central obesity (<i>OR</i>=2.38, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.46-3.93), and hypertriglyceridemia (<i>OR</i>=2.00, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.22-3.30) were positively correlated with hyperuricemia (all <i>P</i><0.05). In the mountainous area, the age group of 65 and above (<i>OR</i>=3.50, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.09-12.50), male (<i>OR</i>=6.79, 95%<i>CI</i>:2.87-17.81), those employed in enterprises and institutions (<i>OR</i>=6.57, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.92-23.73) and hypertension (<i>OR</i>=3.68, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.66-8.87) were positively correlated with hyperuricemia (all <i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> The prevalence of hyperuricemia among the middle- and older-aged population in the island of Taizhou City is significantly higher than that in the mountainous areas. Targeted comprehensive behavioral interventions such as routine screening of chronic diseases, low-fat diet, alcohol control, reduced seafood intake, enhanced exercise, weight management, and blood pressure control are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"226-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Progress in research of health economics in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment based on CiteSpace software analysis].","authors":"X H Zhang, Z Jiang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240612-00344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240612-00344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> An overview of the progress of health economics research in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment based on CiteSpace analysis. <b>Methods:</b> With the help of visual literature analysis software CiteSpace 6.3.R1, English literature databases Web of Science, PubMed, Chinese literature databases CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and Vip.com were searched to review the Chinese and English literature on health economics research in the field of AIDS prevention and treatment from 2010 to 2023. According to the literature clues, the main model methods in this field are supplemented. <b>Results:</b> The number of English publications averaged 468 per year and showed a gradual decline after reaching a peak in 2018. The number of Chinese publications averaged 50 per year and continued to decline after reaching a peak in 2014. The English literature mostly came from the CDC, HIV/AIDS medical institutions, and university medical departments in Boston, Seattle, and Washington. Most Chinese literature came from the China CDC, Shandong University, Anhui Medical University, <i>etc</i>. The keywords in the English literature study were antiviral treatment, South Africa, HIV detection, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), respectively. The most frequent keywords in Chinese literature research are prostitution, mother-to-child transmission, entertainment places, and health education. Measurement methods on AIDS prevention and control service cost mainly include a top-down method, bottom-up method, activity-based costing method, <i>etc</i>; theoretical models are mainly HIV dynamic transmission model, Markov model optimization, and individual-based HIV comprehensive transmission model. Commonly used software tools are Spectrum, Optima HIV, MicroCOSM, EMOD-HIV, <i>etc</i>. <b>Conclusions:</b> In the field of HIV/AIDS prevention and control from 2010 to 2023, the number of English health economics research papers remained at a high level, while the number of Chinese health economics related papers declined significantly. Overseas studies have basically covered the health economics evaluation of a series of whole-chain intervention modes, such as HIV screening, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), antiviral therapy (ART) and bridging care for key populations. The domestic field needs to combine technological integration and innovation in the field of prevention and control, strengthen the health economics evaluation of innovative service models such as \"Internet +\" intervention, HIV self-test, PrEP, and rapid ART for key populations, deepen cross-unit and interdisciplinary cooperation, and expand methodological research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The expression of YTHDF2 in cervical lesions and its relationship with prognosis based on bioinformatics].","authors":"Y S Peng, N Tian, X L Feng, R Zhang, Z X Ran, J T Wang, W H Zhao, Z Q Tian, L Ding","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240819-00509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240819-00509","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate the role of YTHDF2 in cervical lesions and its potential molecular mechanism. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Gene expression data of cervical tissue were obtained from the GEO database to analyze the expression of &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; mRNA and perform pathway enrichment analysis. Patients with cervical lesions diagnosed by thinprep cytologic test in Gynecological Outpatient Department of Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Jiexiu, Shanxi Province, were selected as the research subjects. Data of cervical lesions and cervical exfoliated cells were collected. HPV infection status was detected by flow-through hybridization, and the expression of &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; mRNA was detected by reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; in cervical lesions and the mediating role of HPV infection in the relationship between &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; and squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) were evaluated. &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt;-related genes were screened from multiple datasets in the GEO and ENCORI databases, and their expression, immune infiltration, and survival analysis were performed to assess the association between &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; and prognosis. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Compared with normal cervical tissue, &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; was highly expressed in cervical lesion tissue (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). A total of 3 672 differentially expressed genes were screened from the dataset GSE49339. Gene Ontology analysis showed that &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; was mainly involved in transcription regulation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; might be related to HPV infection and other signaling pathways. In the mediation analysis, &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; test results showed that the expression level of &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; was significantly different among groups (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=22.47, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). Trend &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; test further showed that the expression level of &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; was upregulated with the degree of cervical precancerous lesions (trend &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=10.26, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that high &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; expression increased the risk of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=3.15, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.93-5.15) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (&lt;i&gt;OR&lt;/i&gt;=1.85, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.01-3.39). Mediation effect analysis revealed a partial mediating effect of HPV infection between &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; and SIL, accounting for 32.02% of the total effect. Twelve &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; related genes were screened by the intersection of multiple datasets. The immune infiltration analysis results showed that &lt;i&gt;YTHDF2&lt;/i&gt; and related genes &lt;i&gt;KLF4&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;E2F3&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;HOXC6&lt;/i&gt; were associated with immune infiltration (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that low expression of &lt;i&gt;KLF4&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.53, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.30-0.94) and high expression of &lt;i&gt;RHOB&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=1.80, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 1.04-3.13)","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"280-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between lung nodules and lung cancer risk in high-risk populations].","authors":"C Y Jin, C Zhu, C Ji, Q Li, Y T Fu, L L Wu, L Shi, L B Du, M Zhu, H B Shen, H X Ma","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240627-00381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240627-00381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the association between different types of lung nodules and the risk of lung cancer in a population at high risk of lung cancer and to provide an epidemiologic basis for the comprehensive management of lung nodules. <b>Methods:</b> Using the free lung cancer screening program of low-dose CT (LDCT) in Wenling, Zhejiang Province, we collected baseline and imaging information of high-risk groups for lung cancer who underwent LDCT screening from April 2019 to October 2021 and patients with previous history of lung cancer, tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, and silicosis were excluded. A total of 28 539 study subjects were included in the analysis, and the follow-up ended on 31 December 2023. Based on the characteristics of the detected pulmonary nodules, the study subjects were classified with no nodules, with solid nodules, with pure ground glass nodules, and with part solid nodules groups. The association between different characteristics of lung nodules and the risk of lung cancer development was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model with a new diagnosis of lung cancer during the follow-up period as the outcome. <b>Results:</b> The overall detection rate of lung nodules with a mean diameter of ≥3 mm was 76.5%, of which 53.7%, 18.2%, and 4.6% were detected in the solid nodule, pure ground glass nodule, and partially solid nodule groups, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the different nodule groups in terms of age, gender, BMI, history of toxic exposure education level, smoking status, history of lung disease, and family history of lung cancer (all <i>P</i><0.05). The median follow-up time of the study population was 3.4 years, and 485 new lung cancer cases were diagnosed during the follow-up period. After adjusting for covariates, the results of multifactorial Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that the risk of lung cancer was higher in pure ground glass nodules and part solid nodules compared with solid nodules, with <i>HR</i> values (95%<i>CI</i>) of 1.89 (1.52-2.35) and 6.49 (5.18-8.14), respectively. The results of subgroup analysis showed that patients in the group of part solid nodules had the highest risk of lung cancer in all strata of the population, followed by patients with pure ground glass nodules. Patients in the solid nodule group who were older or had previous lung disease had a higher risk of lung cancer, and the risk of lung cancer in the part solid nodule group differed between genders. <b>Conclusions:</b> The proportion of lung nodules detected is high in the high-risk group of lung cancer, and among them, patients with pure ground glass and part solid nodules have a higher risk of developing lung cancer. Attention should be paid to the annual follow-up management for patients with solid nodules who are older or who have had lung diseases, as well as for female patients with part solid nodules.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"273-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Study on the correlation between urinary calcium levels and severity and prognosis of chronic kidney disease].","authors":"Q J Yuan, Y Y Xie, J W Wang, Z Z Peng, P Yu, T Meng, L Huang, W Wang, X Z Li, H W Huang, F Wang, B X Gao, M H Zhao, Q L Zhou, L X Zhang, H Xu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240708-00407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240708-00407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the relationship between 24-hour urinary calcium (24 h UCa) level and the risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality. <b>Methods:</b> In the Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease, we examined 3 375 patients aged 18-74 years with CKD stages 1-4. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to test a time-to-event association between levels of 24 h UCa and incidence of ESKD, CVD, and all-cause mortality. <b>Results:</b> During a follow-up of 4.17 (3.37, 5.20) years, 179, 145, 104 and 38 ESKD events occurred in <0.60, 0.60-, 1.20-, ≥2.32 mmol 24 h UCa groups. Higher levels of 24 h UCa (1.20-,≥2.32 mmol) were independently associated with a lower incidence of ESKD events in patients with CKD, with <i>HR</i> (95%<i>CI</i>) of 0.71 (0.54-0.93) and 0.43 (0.29-0.64), respectively. No significant associations with CVD and all-cause mortality endpoints were detected. <b>Conclusion:</b> Among patients with CKD, levels of 24 h UCa displayed an association with the risk of ESKD among patients with CKD stages 1-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"264-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comparative characteristics of HIV/AIDS knowledge belief and behavior among self-reported sexually active female college students in Zhejiang Province in 2018 and 2020].","authors":"W Y Chen, L J Chen, X Zhou, W J Chen, T T Jiang, H Wang, Q Q Ma","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240711-00414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240711-00414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze differences on characteristics of HIV/AIDS knowledge, beliefs and behavior among female college students who reported having sex in Zhejiang Province between 2018 and 2020, and provide reference for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among female college students. <b>Methods:</b> Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in October-November 2018 and November-December 2020 among female college students in 13 universities in 11 cities in Zhejiang Province, and female college students who self-reported having sexual intercourse in the past year were included as study subjects, with sample size estimates of 5 265 and 9 466 for the two surveys, respectively. The factors related to the change of relevant characteristics of the two survey subjects were analyzed. The <i>χ</i>² test was used for univariate analysis and logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 23.0 software. <b>Results:</b> Of the 17 354 and 20 675 female college students surveyed in 2018 and 2020, respectively, the proportion who self-reported having had sex in the past year was 6.56% (1 139/17 354) and 4.19% (866/20 675). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with female college students in 2018, the students who have sexual behaviour, receiving health education class by their university in the past year (a<i>OR</i>=1.57, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.29-1.91), receiving HIV testing promotion by the university in the past year (a<i>OR</i>=2.59,95%<i>CI</i>:2.13-3.14), receiving self-assessment of HIV risk by the university in the past year (a<i>OR</i>=2.97,95%<i>CI</i>:2.43-3.65), high self-efficacyfor condom use (a<i>OR</i>=2.00, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.66-2.41), receiving voluntary counseling and HIV testing (VCT) (a<i>OR</i>=1.81,95%<i>CI</i>: 1.41-2.87), perceived risk of HIV infection (a<i>OR</i>=2.44, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.32-4.54), using condoms whenever having casual sexual behaviour in the past year (a<i>OR</i>=3.35,95%<i>CI</i>:1.66-6.77) were significantly higher in 2020. <b>Conclusions:</b> Compared with female college students in 2018, the proportion of female college students who self-reported sexual activity decreased slightly in 2020, and the proportion of receiving HIV/AIDS lectures or health education classes, the proportion of self-rated at risk of HIV infection, the proportion of receiving VCT, the proportion of using condoms with very high confidence in self-efficacy and condom use had an increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"232-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research progress on the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and control of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome].","authors":"S Qi, Y Qin, J Xing, Q L Chen, J D Li, Y P Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240719-00438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20240719-00438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease with a high mortality rate. Many countries worldwide have already reported local transmission, and the number of reported cases has been increasing yearly, with an ever-expanding region. No specific treatment drugs or vaccines have seriously threatened public health safety in epidemic regions. This article reviews the epidemiological characteristics, transmission routes, and control measures of SFTS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 2","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}