中华流行病学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Trajectory of intrinsic capacity and association with daily life ability in people aged 50 years and over in Shanghai].","authors":"J Q Wang, Y F Guo, Y Shi, S Y Sun, J M Cao, A L Jiang, Y J Dong, Y Ruan, F Wu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241115-00728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241115-00728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To identify the change trajectory of intrinsic capacity in people aged ≥50 years in Shanghai and explore the impact of intrinsic capacity trajectory change on overall function and dalily life activities in this population. <b>Methods:</b> The longitudinal data from round 1 to 3 Study of Global Ageing and Adult Health in Shanghai were used. The total intrinsic ability scores from five dimensions of cognition, psychology, sensory, vitality and locomotion were calculated. The censored normal model of group-based trajectory was used to identify the trajectory of intrinsic capacity change over time. Linear regression model and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyse the effects of different levels intrinsic capacity trajectory on the scores of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS), the activity of daily living (ADL) and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). <b>Results:</b> A total of 2 302 study participants aged ≥50 years with 3 round complete data were included in this study, and 3 levels of intrinsic capacity trajectory were identified, low-level trajectory (9.3%), medium-level trajectory (41.7%), and high-level trajectory (49.0%). Compared with the high-level group, the medium-level and low-level groups had higher WHODAS scores, which increased by 3.578 (95%<i>CI</i>: 2.028-5.129) and 12.620 (95%<i>CI</i>: 9.951-15.289), respectively, and those with more severe disability and those in the low-level group were at higher risk for severe difficulty in ADLs (<i>OR</i>=12.450, 95%<i>CI</i>: 4.310-35.966) and IADLs (<i>OR</i>=5.479, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.311-22.904). <b>Conclusions:</b> Heterogeneity in trajectory of intrinsic capacity exists in people aged ≥50 years in Shanghai. Middle-aged and elderly people with low initial level and rapid decline trajectory of intrinsic capacity are at greater risk for the decline of daily life ability and the increase of disability. It is necessary to strengthen the long-term dynamic monitoring and evaluation of the change trajectory of intrinsic capacity in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1209-1216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Progress in application of compartment model-related combined models in infectious disease prediction].","authors":"W H Hu, H M Sun, Y K Chang, J W Chen, Z C Du, Y Y Wei, Y T Hao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241128-00756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241128-00756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methods such as compartmental models, agent-based models, time series models, and machine learning can be used for the prediction of infectious disease incidence. When disease epidemics are complex, it is often difficult to use a single model to comprehensively and accurately capture the multi dimensional nature of the disease. Exploring the combined application of different models has gradually become a research trend and hotspot in recent years, and the prediction performance of combined models is often better than that of single ones. Current research related to combined models mainly focus on machine learning or compartmental models. In this review, we focus on the combination of compartmental models and other models, and summarize their combination principles, application progress, and advantages or disadvantages for the purpose of promoting the innovation and application of combined models for infectious disease incidence prediction, and establishing a more intelligent and efficient early warning and prediction method or systems for the prevention and control of infectious disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1289-1296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Progress in practice of infectious disease epidemiology in China].","authors":"W Z Yang, L Z Feng, Z J Li, Y Li, Q R Huang, X C Hu, Z N Wu, X D Fan, T Zhang, Q Wang, Y X Sun, J X Yu, E M Ding, M M Jia","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241024-00657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241024-00657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the change of infectious disease incidence pattern and the development of related technologies, progresses have been made in the research of infectious disease epidemiology. In recent years, due to the change in the requirements of infectious disease prevention and control, the research focus has expanded from common infectious diseases to diseases which have been eliminated or might be eliminated, as well as emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Infectious disease data has been characterized by multiple sources and modalities. Along with the rapid development of pathogen detection methods, infectious disease surveillance has shifted from a single disease-targted one to a comprehensive one. Moreover, novel technologies such as multi-omics and artificial intelligence have been applied in infectious disease epidemiology research. The international cooperation in this field has become increasingly crucial, and the revision of the International Health Regulations and the negotiation of pandemic agreement will have a profound impact. In the future, infectious disease epidemiology research will develop with more powerful tools to improve its capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1276-1282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A prospective study of relationship between glycated hemoglobin level and occurrence of diabetes complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in 11 provinces of China].","authors":"Y S Mei, F Mao, R Zhang, X Q You, J H Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250127-00065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250127-00065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and the occurrence of diabetes complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in 11 provinces in China. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 4 832 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from 60 surveillance sites in 11 provinces where national surveillance for chronic diseases and risk factors was conducted in 2010 were selected as the study participants, and a follow-up survey was conducted in 3 516 persons from 2016 to 2017, finally 3 427 patients were included in the analysis after excluding those data exception and incomplete data. Cox proportional risk regression model was used to evalaute the association between HbA1c level and the risk for diabetes complications (macroangiopathy, microangiopathy and diabetic foot), and subgroup analyses were conducted according to the baseline characteristics of the study participants, such as age, gender and smoking status. <b>Results:</b> A total of 3 427 study participants were included in final analysis of the follow up for an average of 6.2 years, in whom 395 suffered from macroangiopathy, 226 suffered from microangiopathy, and 57 suffered from diabetic foot later during the follow-up period. After adjusting for relevant confounders, using the HbA1c <7.0% as a reference, there was no increased risk for macrovascular lesions in the those with HbA1c levels of 7.0%-, 7.5%-, 8.0%-8.4%, and the risk for macrovascular lesions increased by 38% in those with HbA1c ≥8.5% (<i>HR</i>=1.38,95%<i>CI</i>:1.06-1.80); the risk for microangiopathies increased by 131% (<i>HR</i>=2.31,95%<i>CI</i>:1.46-3.65), 206%(<i>HR</i>=3.06,95%<i>CI</i>:1.91-4.90) and 208% (<i>HR</i>=3.08,95%<i>CI</i>:2.20-4.30) in those with HbA1c levels of 7.5%-, 8.0%-, ≥8.5%, respectively; and the risk for diabetic foot increased by 253% (<i>HR</i>=3.53, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.89-6.59) in those with HbA1c level ≥8.5%. Subgroup analyses revealed an effect modifying effect of different diabetes diagnosis situations (previously diagnosed and newly diagnosed) on HbA1c level and the risk for microangiopathy. <b>Conclusions:</b> HbA1c level ≥7.5% would increase the risk for microangiopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the higher the level, the higher the risk, and HbA1c level ≥8.5% would increase the risk for macrovascular lesions and diabetic foot. It is necessary to strengthen the health education in diabetic patients to improve their awareness of blood glucose management and the importance of HbA1c level control to effectively reduce or delay the diabetes complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1160-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence of herpes zoster and influencing factors in population in China].","authors":"J X Ai, Y Q Xia, W H Zhu, Z Y Shi, P He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250203-00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250203-00067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To understand the prevalence of herpes zoster and its influencing factors in population in China, and provide reference for the development of herpes zoster prevention strategies. <b>Methods:</b> A survey was conducted in 27 868 study participants in 25 provinces in China from July to September 2024. The prevalence of herpes zoster was calculated, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify influencing factors. <b>Results:</b> The overall prevalence of herpes zoster in population in China was 6.15% (95%<i>CI</i>: 5.87%-6.43%) and the weighted overall prevalence was 5.89% (95%<i>CI</i>: 5.61%-6.17%). The prevalence in women (6.74%, 95%<i>CI</i>: 6.32%-7.15%) was higher than that in men (5.56%, 95%<i>CI</i>: 5.18%-5.94%). The prevalence increased with age, and the prevalence was 1.33% (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.05%-1.62%) in age group 0-17 years and 12.95% (95%<i>CI</i>: 11.77%-14.13%) in age group ≥70 years. The prevalence in urban population (6.95%, 95%<i>CI</i>: 6.54%-7.37%) was higher than that in rural population (5.30%, 95%<i>CI</i>: 4.92%-5.67%). The prevalence varied in people with different educational levels and increased with the increase of educational level. The prevalence had significant differences among people with different income levels. The prevalence of herpes zoster in adults with chronic diseases (11.09%, 95%<i>CI</i>: 10.45%-11.72%) was higher than that in those without chronic diseases (4.60%, 95%<i>CI</i>: 4.24%-4.97%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for herpes zoster in women was 1.28 (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.15-1.42) times higher that in men. Older age, higher educational level, urban residence, and suffering from chronic diseases were all associated with increased risk for herpes zoster. <b>Conclusions:</b> The prevalence of herpes zoster was high in population in China. In the prevention and treatment of herpes zoster, it is necessary to take targeted protection measures for key populations, such as women, patients with chronic diseases, middle-aged and elderly people.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1204-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A prospective study of impact of spicy food intake on risk for cardio/cerebrovascular disease in residents aged 30-79 years].","authors":"Z Y Luo, X F Chen, X F Chen, X Wu, X Y Chang, Z Wang, X L Zhang, J Lyu, C Q Yu, P Pei, D J Y Sun, X P Wu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241227-00833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241227-00833","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To explore the association between spicy food intake and the risk for cardio/cerebrovascular diseases. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Data were collected from the China Kadoorie Biobank project conducted in Pengzhou, Sichuan Province. Using the Cox proportional hazards regression model, we analyzed the associations of the frequency of spicy food intake, spicy level, types of spicy food, and the age when regular intake of spicy food began (intake in 1 day/week), with the risk for cardio/cerebrovascular disease. Furthermore, the associations with the risks for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular diseases, as well as the risk of ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) were analyzed. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 54 859 study participants were included in the study, in whom 49 320 had spicy food intake (89.90%). In these participants, 37 680 (68.69%) had spicy food intake in 6-7 days/week, 5 036 (9.18%) had spicy food intake in 1-5 days/week, and 6 604 (12.03%) had spicy food intake once a week; 5 539 (10.10%) had never/almost never had spicy food intake. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, compared with those who never/almost never had spicy food intake, intake of spicy food was associated with reduced risks for IHD (intake in 6-7 days/week: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.86, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.78-0.95), cerebrovascular diseases (intake in 6-7 days/week: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.88, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI:&lt;/i&gt; 0.81-0.96), and IS (intak in 6-7 days/week: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.85, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.76-0.95). With the increase of spicy food intake frequency, the risk for cardio/cerebrovascular disease decreased (intake in 1-5 days/week: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.91, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.85-0.98; intake in 6-7 days/week: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.89, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.84-0.94) (trend test &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). However, no statistical association was found between spicy food intake and the risk for HS. In terms of spicy level, after adjusting for multiple confounding factors, compared with those who never/almost never had spicy food intake, intake of spicy food was associated with reduced risk for cardio/cerebrovascular disease (moderate: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.86, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.82-0.90) and cerebrovascular disease (moderate: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.90, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.84-0.97). With the increase of spicy level, the risk for IHD decreased (moderate: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.86, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.79-0.93; strong: &lt;i&gt;HR&lt;/i&gt;=0.84, 95%&lt;i&gt;CI&lt;/i&gt;: 0.74-0.95) (trend test &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, compared with those who never/almost never had spicy food intake, intake of any type of spicy food was associated with reduced risk for cardio/cerebrovascular disease, IHD, and cerebrovascular disease. Regulat intake of spicy food from age 0-10 years was associated with reduced risk for cardio/cerebrovascular disease, IHD, and cerebrovascular disease. Regular intake of spicy food from age 11-20 years reduced the risk for cardio/cerebrovascular disease and IHD. There was no significant association between the regular intak","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1150-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence of sarcopenia and influencing factors in middle-aged and older adults in Zhejiang Province].","authors":"Y C Wang, X C Wu, K L Sun, X Q Jia, L M Zhang, L Wang, J Shao, Z B Chen, X T Liu, P Zhan, Z Y Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241108-00706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241108-00706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and potential influencing factors in middle-aged and elderly populations in Zhejiang Province. <b>Methods:</b> Data were obtained from Zhejiang Provincial Household Economic Status Survey, a cross-sectional survey was condcuted in middle-aged and olde adults selected through multi-stage sampling in three cities in Zhejiang (Huzhou, Jiaxing and Shaoxing) in July 2023. A total of 3 019 study participants, average age 62.3 years old, 53.5% men, were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sarcopenia screening was conducted by using the questionnaire with five sarcopenia related-items. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with sarcopenia. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of sarcopenia in the middle-aged and old study participants was 4.47%. Significant differences were observed between the participants with or without sarcopenia in terms of age, educational level, BMI, alcohol consumption status, diet habit, physical activity level, sleep quality, number of chronic diseases, childhood socioeconomic status, adulthood community socioeconomic status, muscle strength, walking assistance, ability to stand from seat, ability to climb stairs, and fall frequency (<i>P</i><0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that old age (≥75 years: <i>OR</i>=2.82, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.60-4.97), low body weight (<i>OR</i>=1.96, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.06-3.62), unhealthy diet habit (<i>OR</i>=1.57, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.01-2.46), physical inactivity (<i>OR</i>=5.80, 95%<i>CI</i>: 3.09-10.88), poor or very poor sleep quality (<i>OR</i>=1.65, 95%<i>CI</i>:1.23-2.41), number of chronic diseases (1 chronic disease: <i>OR</i>=1.84, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.08-3.14; 2 chronic diseases: <i>OR</i>=3.22, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.81-5.71; 3 or more chronic diseases: <i>OR</i>=3.74, 95%<i>CI</i>: 2.11-6.65), poor childhood socioeconomic status (<i>OR</i>=2.98, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.23-7.20), and poor adulthood community socioeconomic status (<i>OR</i>=3.87, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.63-9.17) were significant risk factors for sarcopenia. <b>Conclusion</b>s The prevalence of sarcopenia was relatively low in middle-aged and old population in Zhejiang. Age, BMI, unhealthy diet, physical activity level, sleep quality, number of chronic diseases, childhood socioeconomic status, and adulthood community socioeconomic status were identified as significant influencing factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1224-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between handgrip strength and chronic kidney disease in adult residents in Anhui Province].","authors":"W Xu, G D Xie, J Y Hu, D Dai, X Y Xing, H D Wang, Q He, J Q Xu, Y L Lyu, Q Y Cheng, Q L Meng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241125-00747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241125-00747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the independent association between handgrip strength and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult residents in Anhui Province using data from the China Adult Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance (2023). <b>Methods:</b> A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select residents aged ≥18 years for surveys, physical measurements, and laboratory tests. Relevant covariates were adjusted, and a multivariable logistic regression model was established to infer the association between handgrip strength and CKD, followed by subgroup analysis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 7 295 participants were included in the study, with age of (61.5±13.2) years, and 55.6% of the study participants were women. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that with each 1.0 kg increase in handgrip strength, the risk for CKD decreased by 1.3% (<i>OR</i>=0.987, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.978-0.997). Compared with those with low handgrip strength, the people with moderate hasdgrip strength (<i>OR</i>=0.818, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.694-0.964) and high handgrip strength (<i>OR</i>=0.729, 95%<i>CI</i>: 0.598-0.989) had lower risk for CKD. In the subgroup analysis, the association between handgrip strength and risk for CKD remained unchanged regardless age, sex, smoking status, and alcohol consumption statuys, and the prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia (interaction <i>P</i>>0.05), except BMI and diabetes. <b>Conclusion:</b> The decline in handgrip strength is associated with an increased risk for CKD in adult residents in Anhui.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1231-1236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatiotemporal distribution of etiologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Shaanxi Province, 2015-2023].","authors":"K K Li, L H Dang, H W Zhang, Z Q He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250126-00064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20250126-00064","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To understand the spatiotemporal distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2023, and provide reference for the prevention and control of pulmonary TB in Shaanxi. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The registration data of etiologically positive pulmonary TB cases in Shaanxi from 2015 to 2023 were collected from the tuberculosis subsystem of Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Descriptive method was used to analyze the basic characteristics of the etiologically positive pulmonary TB cases. Linear trend &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; test was used to analyze trends in registration rate and pathogen positive rate. Software SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Software ArcGIS 10.8 was used for global spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis to explore spatial clustering of the etiologically positive pulmonary TB cases. Software SaTScan 10.0 was used for spatiotemporal scan statistics, and software ArcGIS 10.8 was used to visualize the spatiotemporal clustering. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; A total of 64 148 cases of etiologically positive pulmonary TB were registered in Shaanxi from 2015 to 2023, with an average annual registration rate of 18.33/100 000. The registration rate and pathgen positive rate all showed upward trends from 2015 to 2023, and the differences were significant (the trend &lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=4 555.18 and 19 330.43, both &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001). Global spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis showed that the registration rate of etiologically positive pulmonary TB in Shaanxi from 2017 to 2023 showed a spatial clustering. The hotspots were mainly in Zhenba and Xixiang counties of Hanzhong, six counties (districts) of Ankang, and Yanchuan and Yanchang counties of Yan'an. The coldspots were mainly in parts of the Guanzhong area, including Baoji, Xi'an, and Xianyang. A total of 4 spatiotemporal clustering areas were explored by spatiotemporal scanning analysis (all &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001), in which the first-level clustering areas covered 17 counties (districts), mainly Zhenping, Ziyang, Zhenba, in southern Shaanxi from 2019 to 2022, the second-level clustering areas covered 6 counties (districts), mainly Yanchuan, Yanchang, Qingjian, in northern Shaanxi from 2018 to 2021, the third-level clustering areas covered 14 counties (districts), mainly Yanta, Chang'an, Jingyang, in Guanzhong area from 2018 to 2019, and the fourth-level clustering areas covered 10 counties (districts) from 2019 to 2021. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The registration rate of labortory confirmed pulmonary TB cases in Shaanxi showed an upward trend, with obvious differences in spatiotemporal clustering distribution. The clustering areas were mainly in southern Shaanxi, such as Zhenba, Zhenping, Hanbin, Langao, Pingli, Xunyang, Ziyang counties, and northern Shaanxi, such as Yanchuan and Yanchang counties, as well as in capital city, Xi'an and the adjacent Guanzhong area. It is necessary to develope targeted measures according to local","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1180-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of health big data in hospital-based cancer screening study].","authors":"C R Wang, Z M Guo, X Y Shi, Y D Zheng, Z L Luo, J X Xie, X L Chen, J B Li, Y J Xu, W Cao, F Wang, X S Dong, N Li, J He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241026-00664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20241026-00664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper focuses on the application of health big data in cancer screening. Firstly, the sources and characteristics of health big data are introduced, then the commonly used epidemiological designs and analytical techniques in hospital-based cancer screening studies are summarized and the application scenarios of such studies are described. Finally, the challenges and future development in the application of health big data are analyzed to provide reference for the future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23968,"journal":{"name":"中华流行病学杂志","volume":"46 7","pages":"1297-1303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}