中华劳动卫生职业病杂志最新文献

{"title":"[The interaction of workplace noise, body mass index and systemic inflammatory response on hypertension].","authors":"M S Liu, F Wang, S Y Zhang, Y Yao, Z L Chen, W J Yin","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240302-00080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240302-00080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the interaction of workplace noise, body mass index (BMI) and systemic inflammatory response on hypertension. <b>Methods:</b> In January 2019, 1124 male workers from an automobile factory in Wuhan were selected by cluster random sampling method. The study population was divided into normal body weight group (BMI<24 kg/m(2)) and overweight group (BMI≥24 kg/m(2)) according to BMI, and were followed up for 3 years. The occupational health examination of the workers was carried out every year, blood routine and blood biochemical indexes were collected, and the information of the workers' age, BMI, type of work and age of exposure to injury were collected through field questionnaires. The noise intensity of the workplace of the enterprise was measured for 3 consecutive years, and the equivalent sound level was calculated according to the working time. Normal and skewness measurements were described by Mean±SD and [<i>M</i> (<i>Q</i>(1), <i>Q</i>(3)) ], respectively. <i>t-</i>test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for inter-group comparisons. Categorical variables were expressed by frequency and percentage (%), and Chi-square test was used for inter-group comparisons. Mixed effects models and generalized estimation equations were fitted to analyze the relationship between occupational noise, systemic inflammation, and their interaction terms with blood pressure and hypertension risk. <b>Results:</b> Univariate analysis revealed that the white blood cell counts, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts and eosinophil counts were positively associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in overweight group (<i>n</i>=467), respectively (<i>P</i><0.05). The participants with white blood cell counts≥5.94×10(9)/L, neutrophil counts≥3.31×10(9)/L, lymphocyte counts ≥2.03×10(9)/L, and eosinophil counts ≥0.12×10(9)/L had increased risk of hypertension by 52% (<i>RR</i>=1.52, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.11-2.05), 37% (<i>RR</i>=1.37, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.01-1.83), 58% (<i>RR</i>=1.58, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.18-2.09), and 52% (<i>RR</i>=1.52, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.12-2.06), respectively (all <i>P</i><0.05). Multivariate analysis found a positive association between BMI and the risk of hypertension in the overweight group (<i>P</i><0.05), the participants with lymphocyte counts≥2.03×10(9)/L and eosinophil counts≥0.12×10(9)/L had increased risk of hypertension by 39% (<i>RR</i>=1.39, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.01-1.89) and 46% (<i>RR</i>=1.46, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.06-1.98), respectively (all <i>P</i><0.05). There was no correlation between BMI and the risk of hypertension in normal weight group (<i>P</i>>0.05). The multiplicative interaction of occupational noise (≥80 dB) with white blood cell counts (≥5.94×10(9)/L) and lymphocyte counts (≥2.03×10(9)/L) increased the risk of hypertension by 100% (<i>RR</i>=2.00, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.06-3.55) and 89% (<i>RR</i>=1.89, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.01-3.32) (all <i>P</i><0.05) in overweight group, respectively. Additionally, ","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 3","pages":"206-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the actual protective effect and its influencing factors of respiratory protective equipment for trichloroethylene-exposed workers].","authors":"Q F Huang, Y Y Zhang, Z D Zhao, W T Lin, J H He, Z P Li, X Zhong, X Luo, S B Su","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240329-00128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240329-00128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To understand the current status of the actual protective effect of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) for workers exposed to trichloroethylene (TCE), and to explore the factors affecting the actual protective effect. <b>Methods:</b> From July to December 2023, a total of 75 workers occupationally exposed to TCE from 21 hardware and electronics manufacturing facilities in a province were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method. Workplace protection factor (WPF) was used as an index to evaluate the actual protective effect of workers' RPE. The concentration of TCE inside and outside the RPE was detected to calculate WPE, and the temperature, humidity and wind speed near the working place were measured, as well as the forced vital capacity, respiratory rate, heart rate and other indicators of the worker were measured. The log-transformed WPF value (lgWPF) followed a normal distribution. One-sample <i>t</i>-test was used to compare the difference between the mean lgWPF and the log value of the assigned protection factor (APF) of the half mask (lgAPF=1). Multiple linear regression model was used to investigate the influencing factors of lgWPF. <b>Results:</b> The lgWPF of 75 TCE-exposed workers ranged from 0.40 to 1.32 (0.84±0.22). The mean of lgWPF was lower than that of lgAPF, and the difference was statistically significant (<i>t</i>=-6.37, <i>P</i><0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, the results of multiple linear regression showed that humidity, forced vital capacity and respiratory rate were negatively correlated with lgWPF (<i>β</i>=-0.008, -0.079, -0.021, <i>P</i><0.05) . <b>Conclusion:</b> The actual protective efficacy of RPE among workers exposed to TCE is suboptimal. High humidity, elevated forced vital capacity, and increased respiratory rate may be contributing factors to the diminished protective performance of RPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 3","pages":"170-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis on the effect of occupational health management assistance to employers in small and micro enterprises in Suzhou City].","authors":"H Y Pan, X J Zeng, H D Zhang, Y L Li, X Q Xie","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20231229-00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20231229-00037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the impact of occupational health management assistance for small and micro enterprises in Suzhou on employers, exploring the assistance model for occupational health management in small and micro enterprises. <b>Methods:</b> From 2020 to 2022, a total of 318 small and micro enterprises with serious occupational disease hazards, weak occupational health management, and strong subjective improvement were selected as assistance objects annually by means of territorial recommendation and active registration of employers. The basic information of the enterprise and the status of occupational health management were obtained by means of questionnaire survey, archives review, workplace field investigation and occupational disease hazard factors detection. Pearson <i>χ</i>(2) test was used to analyze the changes of occupational health management before and after helping enterprises. <b>Results:</b> The small and micro enterprises receiving assistance were mainly private enterprises (51.26%, 163/318) and limited liability companies (27.99%, 89/318). The occupational health training rates for enterprise leaders, management personnel, and workers increased from 77.36% (246/318), 82.08% (261/318) and 72.44% (4554/6287) before assistance to 90.57% (288/318), 95.28% (303/318) and 94.40% (5905/6255), the differences were statistically significant (<i>χ</i>(2)=20.60, 27.63, 1092.67, all <i>P</i><0.001). After the assistance, the distribution and wearing of personal protective equipment for workers, the detection of occupational hazard factors in the workplace and occupational health examination by enterprises increased by 3.34%, 18.39%, 13.21% and 15.10%, respectively. In terms of occupational health management, the comprehensive establishment rate of occupational health management system increased from 21.70% (69/318) before assistance to 64.47% (205/318). Compared with before assistance, the comprehensive notification rate/setting rate of warning signs and notification cards, labor contracts for occupational disease hazard positions, occupational health bulletin boards, and occupational health examination results were significantly increased after assistance (<i>χ</i>(2)=120.08, 77.40, 149.18, 86.76, all <i>P</i><0.001) . <b>Conclusion:</b> Suzhou adopts a model led by the health administrative department and supported by technical support from service institutions to assist small and micro enterprises, resulting in a significant improvement in the occupational health management level of small and micro enterprises.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 3","pages":"228-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[One case of recurrent infection with chlamydia psittaci pneumonia].","authors":"H Y Zhou, J Zhang, D D Weng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240109-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240109-00008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper analyzed the clinical data of a patient with recurrent infection of chlamydia psittaci pneumonia within 7 months. The patient had a clear history of contact with live poultry, and the clinical manifestations were dry cough, persistent fever, and respiratory failure. Chest CT imaging changes showed lobar consolidation of infected lung lobes, ground-glass shadows, bronchial air-filling signs, and pleural effusion. The two infections were detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and pathogen targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS), respectively, to achieve early diagnosis of chlamydia psittaci pneumonia. New tetracycline drugs were used as the core of treatment for both infections, and rapid improvement was achieved after anti-infection treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 3","pages":"237-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed occupational diseases among workers from other provinces in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2023].","authors":"S Y Zhou, X Z Wen, Y S Huang, B Xia, S Wang, L Huang, R Y Huang, X D Li","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240806-00366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240806-00366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and source distribution of newly diagnosed occupational diseases among workers from other provinces in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2023, providing a basis for occupational health risk assessment and government decision-making. <b>Methods:</b> In July 2024, through the Occupational Disease Report Card of the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Monitoring Information System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, the basic information of newly diagnosed occupational disease cases reported online in Guangdong Province from 2006 to 2023 was collected, and the epidemiological characteristics of new occupational diseases among workers from other provinces were described. The locations of employment units and their source provinces of different cases were analyzed. Counting data were described by component ratio (%) and compared by Pearson <i>χ</i>(2) test. <b>Results:</b> From 2006 to 2023, 9763 cases of newly diagnosed occupational diseases among workers from other provinces in Guangdong Province were reported, accounting for 78.82% (9763/12387) of the total number of occupational diseases in the province. The cases of occupational diseases were mainly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta region (94.93%, 9268/9763) and the manufacturing industry (86.97%, 8491/9763), and the domestic enterprises accounted for 57.35% (5593/9753). Newly diagnosed occupational disease cases were mainly from province A in Central China (2767 cases, 28.34%), province A in Southwest China (2323 cases, 23.79%) and a province in South China (1070 cases, 10.96%) . <b>Conclusion:</b> The proportion of newly diagnosed occupational diseases among workers from other provinces in Guangdong Province is relatively high, and the cases are concentrated in the regions, industries and source provinces.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 3","pages":"212-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Structural equation analysis and modeling of fect and ankles WMSDs and its adverse ergonomic factors].","authors":"X Zhang, N Jia, X Sun, M B Zhang, Q Xu, H D Zhang, R J Ling, Y M Liu, Z Li, G Yin, Y Shao, H Zhang, J Qi, H D Qiu, Y M Liu, B Wang, T B Zeng, D Y Ye, J Xiao, R G Zou, Y Chen, B Li, H Liu, J C Liu, D X Jiang, Y Q Qi, Q H Mei, J X Li, E F Yang, J Guo, L Y Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240703-00297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240703-00297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore the structural equation model to explore the levels of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and various risk factors in the feet and ankle of China's occupational population, providing scientific basis for for preventing WMSDs in feet and ankles. <b>Methods:</b> Data of 73497 national occupational epidemiological cases were selected from June 2018 to December 2023 used the Chinese version of the Electronic Questionnaire on Musculoskeletal Disorders. The adverse ergonomic factors and their source classification standard and confirmatory factor analysis were used to investigate foot and ankle WMSDs and their related risk factors (including individual factors, work organization, work posture, work type, fatigue, etc.) in key occupational groups in China, and structural equation model hypothesis, fitting, verification, and path and intermediary effect analysis were carried out. The model fit evaluation indexes included Chi-square specific degrees of freedom (<i>χ</i>(2)/<i>df</i>), gauge fit index (NFI), Tucker Lewis index (TLI), goodness of Fit index (GFI), adjusted Goodness of Fit index (AGFI) and approximate root mean square error (RMSEA) . <b>Results:</b> A total of 73497 occupational workers were surveyed, with local muscle fatigue and WMSDs incidence rates in the feet and ankles being 17.17% and 12.06%, respectively. The fitting index of the adjusted structural equation model basically meets the standard (GFI=1, AGFI=1, RMESA=0.042, NFI=0.716, TLI=0.663). The top three factors affecting feet and ankle WMSDs are feet and ankle muscle fatigue, work type, and work organization, with standardized path coefficients of 0.221, 0.105, and 0.095, respectively. The top two factors affecting feet and ankle muscle fatigue are work organization and work type, with standardized path coefficients of 0.548 and 0.383, respectively. Feet and ankle muscle fatigue, work type, work organization, and work posture have a direct effect on feet and ankle WMSDs, with effect values of 0.221, 0.105, 0.095, and 0.077, respectively. The organization and type of work can also have indirect effects through feet and ankle muscle fatigue, with effect values of 0.121 and 0.084, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Feet and ankle muscle fatigue has a direct impact on WMSDs, and plays a mediating role between ankle and ankle WMSDs caused by work organization and work type. Feet and ankle muscle fatigue is an important pathway leading to feet and ankle WMSDs. It is recommended that employers and managers detect job fatigue early and take corresponding prevention and intervention measures, which can play a key role in preventing feet and ankle WMSDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 2","pages":"101-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Studies on the role of iron death in paraquat-induced mesenchymalization of alveolar epithelial cells].","authors":"Y W Su, W X Fang, S H Tang, G Z Li, Z Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240515-00219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240515-00219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the role of iron death in paraquat (PQ) -induced alveolar epithelial mesangialization (EMT) . <b>Methods:</b> In August 2023, the appropriate PQ staining concentration as well as the intervention concentration of lipoinhibitor-1 (Lip-1) were screened by CCK8 method. The RLE-6TN cells were divided into three groups, which were control group, PQ group and iron death inhibition group, 200 μmol/L PQ solution was given to the PQ group, and PQ 200 μmol/L and 0.1 μmol/L Lip-1 solution was given to the iron death inhibition group, the control group was added the same amount of cell medium. morphological changes and migratory viability of the cells in each group were observed at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after the poisoning, and the contents of ferrous ions (Fe(2+)), reactive oxygen radicals (ROS), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected in each group; meanwhile, qRT-PCR and western-blot were used to determine the molecular expression of E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and Collagen I in the cells in each group. The difference between group was compared by ANOVA, and the further pairwise comparison was conducted by Bonferroni method. <b>Results:</b> Cell viability was detected using CCK8, and the results showed that the cell survival rate of RLE-6TN cells treated with 200 μmol/L PQ+0.1 μmol/L Lip-1 solution was 56.6%. The migration activity of RLE-6TN cells in the iron death inhibition group was weaker than that in the PQ group after 24 and 48 hours of exposure, and the degree of EMT changes in the cells was reduced compared to the PQ group. After 12, 24, and 48 hours of exposure, the Fe(2+) concentration, ROS fluorescence intensity, and MDA content in the iron death inhibition group decreased compared to the corresponding time points in the PQ group (<i>P</i><0.05/3), while compared with PQ group, the GSH concentration and SOD concentration increased compared to the corresponding time points in the PQ group (<i>P</i><0.05/3). The results showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of E-cadherin mRNA and protein in PQ group and iron death inhibition group were both decreased (<i>P</i><0.05/3), while compared with PQ group, the expression levels of E-cadherin mRNA and protein in iron death inhibition group were increased (<i>P</i><0.05/3) ; Compared with the control group, the expression levels of α-SMA, Collagen I mRNA and protein in PQ group and iron death inhibition group cells increased (<i>P</i><0.05/3), while compared with PQ group, the expression levels of α-SMA, Collagen I mRNA and protein in iron death inhibition group cells decreased (<i>P</i><0.05/3) . <b>Conclusion:</b> Ferroptosis is involved in the EMT process of alveolar epithelial cells induced by PQ. Inhibiting ferroptosis can reduce cellular oxidative damage and alleviate the degree of cellular EMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 2","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Interpretation of Ergonomic Principle for the Prevention of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Part 1: General Principles (T/WSJD 14.1-2020)].","authors":"Q Xu, N Jia, R J Ling, G Li, Y M Liu, H D Zhang, Q S Chen, Q L Zhang, Z Wang, Y Qu, X Y Zhang, Y Yang, Z X Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240507-00200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240507-00200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ergonomic Principle for the Prevention of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Part 1: General Principles (T/WSJD 14.1-2020) is the first guideline standard for the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders provided to employers and occupational health technical service institutions in China, which covers ergonomic risk factors and their hazard definition, ergonomic prevention principles, risk assessment process, risk control process and risk evaluation principles. The standard specifically clarify the specific types of adverse ergonomic risk factors and control strategies and the standard process of systematic ergonomic risk assessment, providing implementation paths and practical guidance for eliminating/reducing adverse ergonomic risks and enhance workplace environments to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders. This paper interprets and analyzes the background of standard establishment, formulation process, fundamental basis, and main content, etc., to provide scientific and accurate technical support for enterprise managers, labours and technical personnel of occupational health institutions to optimize the use of this standard.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 2","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ergonomic evaluation and effectiveness analysis of improvement measures in the assembly position of an automotive parts production company].","authors":"B Shen, P F Liu, J H Liu, X Y Xu, M F Zheng, Z X Wang, N Jia","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240418-00171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240418-00171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the improvement effect of ergonomics in the assembly position of an automotive parts production company. <b>Methods:</b> From February to December 2023, the assembly positions and 8 operators of an automobile brake parts production company were selected as the research objects. The Swedish Ergonomic Hazard Identification Method and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) were used to identify and evaluate the adverse ergonomic factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in different parts of the body before and after the improvement. Through field investigation, observation and personnel interviews, three ergonomic problems were identified that need to be solved, namely, the height of the assembly table did not match the height of the operator, the storage space for small accessories was not set reasonably, and empty boxes were difficult to be placed. Technical improvements were made by designing an adjustable height assembly table, improving the layout of the workbench, and designing a mechanical pedal automation device. Statistical analysis was performed by <i>t</i>-test and paired rank sum test to evaluate the effectiveness of ergonomic improvements. <b>Results:</b> The operation of the assembly position could be divided into 13 actions, and the time to complete 1 cycle was (83.0±2.7) s. The Swedish Ergonomic Hazard Identification Method identified 28 adverse ergonomic factors of WMSDs in different parts before improvement, and 15 adverse ergonomic factors after improvement. Before ergonomics improvement, the RULA scores were 5 to 7 points, and the risk levels of 6 workers were Ⅳ (very high risk) and 2 workers were Ⅲ (moderate risk). After ergonomics improvement, the RULA score was 4 points, and the risk level was reduced to Ⅱ (low risk). Paired rank sum test results showed that there were statistically significant differences in upper arm, A-part (upper arm, lower arm and wrist) exertion and load, A-part muscle use, neck, total score, and risk level before and after improvement (<i>P</i><0.05). Per capita productivity of assembly post was (40.1±1.4) pieces/ (person·hour) before the improvement and (44.0±1.7) pieces/ (person·hour) after the improvement, the difference was statistically significant (<i>t</i>=50.35, <i>P</i><0.001) . <b>Conclusion:</b> The ergonomic improvement measures can reduce the adverse ergonomic factors in the assembly position of an automotive parts production company, reduce the risk of WMSDs, and improve the production efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 2","pages":"150-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Study on the pollution and influencing factors of legionella pneumophila in industrial circulating cooling tower].","authors":"M Yu, Y Tang, C Y Tao, Y Ning, Y Xu, X Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240429-00193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20240429-00193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the pollution status of legionella pneumophila of industrial circulating cooling towers, and explore the factors affecting the positive rate and quantity of legionella pneumophila, in order to provide data support for the risk assessment and hierarchical management of legionella pneumophila in workplaces. <b>Methods:</b> In February, May, August and October 2023, the cooling water samples were collected from a total of 20 industrial circulating cooling towers of 9 enterprises in an industrial park in Shanghai. The water temperature, free residual chlorine, total residual chlorine, turbidity, chroma, pH, conductivity, chemical oxygen consumption, iron content and total plate count in the water samples were detected. Meanwhile, the legionella pneumophila in the water samples were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, and the influence of water quality indexes on the positive rate and number of legionella pneumophila detected was analyzed by logistic regression and linear regression respectively. <b>Results:</b> The positive rates of legionella pneumophila in the first to fourth quarters of 20 industrial circulating cooling towers of 9 chemical enterprises were 35% (7/20), 45% (9/20), 45% (9/20), and 85% (17/20). The serotypes of legionella pneumophila detected in the cooling tower were mainly legionella pneumophila type 1 (95.2%, 40/42), and the number of legionella pneumophila ranged from 0.2 to 316.8 cfu/ml. Circulating cooling water temperature (<i>OR</i>=1.36, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.12-1.64, <i>P</i>=0.001) and conductivity (<i>OR</i>=1.02, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.00-1.03, <i>P</i>=0.026) were independent risk factors affecting the detection of legionella pneumophila. There was a positive correlation between chemical oxygen consumption and the detected amount of legionella pneumophila (<i>β</i>=8.08, <i>P</i>=0.002) . <b>Conclusion:</b> The positive rate of legionella pneumophila in industrial circulating cooling water system is high, and the detected quantity fluctuates greatly, which may have health risks, suggesting that it is necessary to pay attention to the water quality management such as water temperature, conductivity and chemical oxygen consumption of industrial circulating cooling water and the monitoring and control of legionella pneumophila.</p>","PeriodicalId":23958,"journal":{"name":"中华劳动卫生职业病杂志","volume":"43 2","pages":"122-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143504672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}