Zemdirbyste-agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Effect of phenylalanine and tryptophane on chlorophyll and phenolic content, and the antioxidant activity of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under drought conditions","authors":"N. Burbulis, Justina Deveikyte, A. Baltušnikienė, A. Blinstrubienė","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.038","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) is an endemic annual mucilaginous spicy herb plant of the mint family (Lamiaceae), growing wild in subtropical and tropical areas of America, Africa, Asia, and in southern Europe. Basil belongs to the aromatic plants that are grown all over the world nowadays. To increase the amount of phenolic and other biologically active compounds in plants, safe, effective, and ecological ways to achieve this are constantly being sought. The greatest economic losses worldwide are due to the negative effects of drought stress and extreme temperatures on plant morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics limiting crop growth and productivity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of phenylalanine and tryptophane on the content of chlorophyll and phenolic, and the antioxidant activity of basil under drought conditions. Foliar spraying with phenylalanine and tryptophane to drought-stressed plants increased the chlorophyll a and b content. Application of phenylalanine significantly increased the total phenolic content (TPC) in the cultivar ‘Aromatico Della Riviera Ligure’, while foliar spraying with tryptophane increased TPC in the drought-stressed ‘Palla Compato’ and ‘Toscano’. Foliar spraying with phenylalanine and tryptophane to drought-stressed plants increased the antioxidant activity measured by the DPPH method. Principal component analysis showed that the first factor was highly and positively related to all parameters studied. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that the first cluster was formed due to drought-stressed ‘Aromatico Della Riviera Ligure’, ‘Cinnamon’, and ‘Lemon’. The second cluster consisted of well-watered ‘Aromatico Della Riviera Ligure’, ‘Cinnamon’, and ‘Lemon’, and drought-stressed and phenylalanine-sprayed ‘Aromatico Della Riviera Ligure’ and ‘Palla Compato’. The third cluster consisted of the combinations of other cultivars and treatments tested.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"106 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138954024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productivity of the warm-climate crop sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in northern latitudes","authors":"A. Kännaste, Ivar Zekker, T. Tosens, Liisa Kübarsepp, E. Runno-Paurson, Ü. Niinemets","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.035","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) has a potential to become a new field crop for higher latitudes. Sweet potato was cultivated for the first time in the fields of Estonia. During the study, the photosynthetic characteristics and yields of sweet potato cultivars ‘Evangeline’ and ‘Covington’ were investigated under fertilisation with two nitrogen (N) rates (0 and 100 kg ha −1 N) and various fertilisers in 2018, 2019 and 2021. Variation in fertiliser rate and composition had no effect on CO 2 assimilation rate ( A ) and stomatal conductance ( g s ). The negative relationship between photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) and intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) among cultivars and treatments indicated that water availability could limit nutrient availability and ultimately reduce the potential yield in northern growing regions. The highest sweet potato tuber yield (t ha −1 ) was obtained from ‘Evangeline’ and ‘Covington’ at N0 in 2021. A comparison of yields of 2018 and 2021 experiments suggests that sweet potatoes can be grown in high latitudes. It can be concluded that depending on weather conditions, cultivars and soil properties, fertilisers can promote high plant productivity. Further studies should focus on sweet potato plants traits that enable the efficient use of nutrients and water during a short and potentially dry growing season.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138956377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rutin hydrate induces autophagic cell death and oxidative stress response in phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum","authors":"Emre Yörük","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.042","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium graminearum infects cereal crops of high commercial and nutritional value such as barley, wheat, and maize, and causes various diseases. Due to the increasing world population and changing climatic conditions, the importance of controlling this pathogen is increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential antifungal effect of the flavonoid compound rutin hydrate (RH) on the F. graminearum PH-1 reference strain at different levels. The EC 50 (half effective concentration) value was determined by the agar dilution method on the PDA (potato dextrose agar) medium containing different concentrations of rutin hydrate. To examine the effect of rutin hydrate on cell viability, the WST-1 toxicity test was performed. To determine the effect of rutin hydrate on genomic stability and methylation profiles, the CRED-RA (coupled restriction enzyme digestion-random amplification) analysis was performed. To determine the expression levels of atg5 , cat , kmet1 , sporulation ( mgv1 ), and apoptosis ( mst20 ) related genes, the qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) was performed. To detect the presence of oxidative stress and autophagy, the DCF-DA (2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein) and MDC (monodansylcadaverine) staining tests were used. The EC 50 value of rutin hydrate was determined as 580 µg mL −1 . The WST-1 analysis revealed that rutin hydrate caused cytotoxicity (58.53%) in F. graminearum ( p < 0.05). In the CRED-RA analysis, genomic template stability (GTS) decreased by 9.53%, and the methylation levels for Hap II and Msp I enzymes were 11.6% and 5.24%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the atg5 (2.66 ± 0.48; p < 0.01), cat (3.00 ± 0.46; p < 0.01), and kmet1 (6.29 ± 2.24; p < 0.05) expression in the rutin hydrate-treated samples. Autophagy and oxidative stress response with a significant difference ( p < 0.05) in the rutin hydrate-treated F. graminearum was confirmed by DCF-DA and MDC tests. This is the first report demonstrating the antifungal effect of rutin hydrate on F. graminearum at physiological, transcript, and epigenetic levels.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of sublethal doses of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) on resistant and susceptible tomato cultivars","authors":"Limo Khatami, Akbar Ghassemi-Kahrizeh, Abbas Hosseinzadeh, S. Aramideh","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.041","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) Berliner on the Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) on two resistant (‘King Stone’) and susceptible (‘Rio Grande’) tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars was studied under laboratory conditions. In the bioassay tests, the lethal concentration (LC 50 ) values of Bt were determined for the 2nd-and 3rd-instar larvae of T. absoluta on two cultivars. In another experiment, the effect of sublethal doses of Bt on 2nd-and 3rd-instar larvae on two susceptible and resistant cultivars was determined. Also, the nutritional indices and the enzyme content of larvae on two susceptible and resistant cultivars under the sublethal doses of Bt were investigated. All nutritional indices and the enzyme content of the treated larvae were significantly different compared to those of the control group. The lowest efficiency of the conversion of ingested food (7.82%), the efficiency of the conversion of digested food (4.34%), the relative consumption rate (22.29 mg mg −1 day −1 ), and the relative growth rate (1.16 mg mg −1 day −1 ) was determined for the resistant cultivar ‘King Stone’ at the LC 25 concentration of Bt . The lowest amount of α-amylase (0.98 nM min −1 mg −1 protein), protease (12.61 µM min −1 mg −1 protein), and lipase (0.182 nM min −1 mg −1 protein) and the highest amount of phenoloxidase (0.337 µM min −1 mg −1 protein) were determined for the resistant cultivar ‘King Stone’ at the LC 25 concentration of Bt . The results showed that the integration of Bt application and host plant resistance significantly increased the efficiency of Bt .","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"27 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The environmental and genetic factors affect the productivity and quality of potato cultivars","authors":"L. Prysiazhniuk, T. Sonets, Yu.V. Shytikova, S. Melnyk, I. Dikhtiar, Kostiantyn Mazhuha, Borys Sorochinsky","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.036","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the impact of environmental and genetic factors on the yield, starch, and dry matter content in tubers of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars belonging to different maturity groups considering cultivars diversity according to SSR markers. Twenty-four very early, early, medium, and late potato cultivars were evaluated. Field experiments were conducted in 2018–2020 in two locations: Forest Steppe and Forest zones of Ukraine. The SSRs analysis was carried out in 2021 using eight markers: STM0019, STM3009, STM2005, STM2028, STM3012, STM3023, STM5136","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138955684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of nitrogen use efficiency on significant traits of potato starch production","authors":"I. Skrabule, Lasma Rabante-Hane, I. Dimante, Inese Taškova, Sergii Sviatchenko","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.037","url":null,"abstract":"The improvement of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) can reduce the required N input. As a result, economic benefits will increase, and environmental pollution will decrease due to N loss. The aim of the study was to determine the NUE of potato genotypes and to evaluate the relationship of NUE with the tuber yield, starch yield","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"20 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on salinity tolerance of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)","authors":"Reza Salehi Molkabadi, Mina Alian, Gregory Bonito, K. Ghasemi, Maryam Mirtalebi, Fatemeh Raouf-Fard, Asghar Ramezanian","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.039","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity in soil and irrigation water has negative effects on plant morphology, physiology, and biochemical processes. In this study, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of two plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens on sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) growing under salinity stress: 0 (control, without NaCl), 50, and 100 mM NaCl","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"3 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138956882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residual effects of repeated animal manure application on coarse-textured Ultisol, nutrient uptake and cucumber yield","authors":"B. O. Unagwu, Ikechukwu Onah, Grace Chibuike","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.040","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main UN Millennium Development Goals is eradication of poverty and hunger through food security. Unfortunately, this goal is difficult to achieve in Nigeria due to soil degradation, low soil fertility, and other agricultural challenges. The current research on food security in Nigeria is focused on improving soil fertility using low-cost organic amendments. Thus, in 2019, the study investigated the residual effects of the repeated animal manure application on the cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) yield, the nutrient uptake","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"116 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138958537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying maize phenology using beneficial microorganisms and residue management under deep tillage system","authors":"Haris Khan, Ahmad Khan, Sajid Khan, A. Anjum, Habib Akbar, Dost Muhammad","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.034","url":null,"abstract":"Residues differing in quality and incorporation depths are presumed to contribute differently to the improvement of soil properties through decomposition. Understanding the response of residue decomposition at different depths using tillage implements and effective microorganisms can help to develop strategies for improving soil properties. Therefore, three nitrogen (N) supplemented crop residues: wheat (Rw), chickpea (Rc), Rw + Rc, and no residue (R0) as a control, under three different tillage implements: cultivator (CT), mouldboard plough (MBP)","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138957750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in soil microbial community structure after fertilisation with organic fertilisers and biological additives","authors":"Diana Sivojienė, A. Kačergius","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.033","url":null,"abstract":"Various forms of organic fertilisers are often used in agriculture. It is useful to have information on how microbial communities in arable land are affected by fertilisation with different types of fertilisers. One of the indicators of the stability and fertility of the soil ecosystem is the population structure and abundance of soil microorganisms. The aim of the study was to determine how fertilisation and biological additives affected the most active soil microorganisms of the studied functional groups in 2021 and 2022. It was found that organotrophic (113 ± 3 × 10 3 CFU g −1 ) and diazotrophic (161 ± 5 × 10 3 CFU g −1 ) bacteria were most abundant in the spring 2021. However, in 2022, the amount of organotrophs decreased, and their abundance was approximately the same throughout the growing season, probably due to a decrease in the amount of free organic matter in the soil. In 2022, the most abundant organotrophs (91 ± 2 × 10 3 CFU g −1 ) and diazotrophs (100 ± 1 × 10 3 CFU g −1 ) were also in the spring. Organic fertilisers and their different rates had a significant or very significant effect on the abundance of organotrophic, mineral nitrogen-assimilating, and non-symbiotic diazotrophic bacteria, except for diazotrophs in treatments with the biological additive Trichoderma spp. In 2021, nitrifiers (162 ± 5 × 10 3 CFU g −1 ) and fungi (2.29 ± 0.13 × 10 3 CFU g −1 ) were most abundant in the autumn. In 2022, nitrifiers were most abundant in the spring (128 ± 2 × 10 3 CFU g −1 ) but less abundant than in the autumn 2021. During the experimental period, the abundance of fungi and yeasts was highest in the autumn, and this trend was not affected by fertilisation. In the treatments with the biological additive Trichoderma spp., organic fertilisers significantly or very significantly affected the abundance of fungi and yeasts. However, no significant differences were found in the treatments with the biological additive Azotobacter spp.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"225 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}