Wound Repair and Regeneration最新文献

{"title":"Long-Term Ex Vivo Human Skin Models for Burn Injury Research: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Charlotte Dermaux, Nathalie Roche, Karel E Y Claes","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human burn wounds exhibit complex, depth-dependent healing processes that may extend beyond 21 days, underscoring the need for human-relevant long-term experimental models. Conventional in vitro systems, bio-engineered skin constructs and animal models fail to adequately reproduce the structural organization, depth-dependent injury patterns and temporal progression characteristic of human burn wounds. Ex vivo human skin explant models preserve native tissue architecture and therefore represent a promising translational alternative; however, their capacity to sustain long-term viability and regenerative responses remains insufficiently defined. This scoping review systematically mapped how thermally induced burn models using ex vivo human skin are designed, maintained and evaluated, with particular emphasis on factors enabling extended culture. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for studies published between 2015 and 2025 describing thermally induced burns in ex vivo human skin explants. Eligible studies were descriptively charted focusing on burn induction methods, culture duration, tissue viability assessments, wound healing endpoints and model applications. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting culture durations ranging from 3 to 27 days. Sustained viability beyond 2 weeks was achieved using optimised strategies such as air-liquid interface culture and mechanical stabilisation. Burn depth emerged as the primary determinant of tissue survival and regenerative capacity, with re-epithelialization observed only in superficial or partial-thickness burns under extended culture conditions. These findings highlight both the translational potential and the need for methodological standardisation of long-term ex vivo human burn models.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 3","pages":"e70160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Profile of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Human Wounds: Potential for Infection Control-A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Michael G Whitfield, Rachel Goldgrub, Shakshi Sharma, Vanita Tongbram, Michelle Leemans, Anna Serafin, Vladica Velickovic, Isabelle Fromantin","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic wounds cause prolonged patient suffering, increased complication risks, and reduced quality of life. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) potentially offer non-invasive detection and monitoring of wound complications. This systematic literature review aimed to determine characteristics of VOCs identified in human acute and chronic wounds. A systematic search across three databases using OVID SP was conducted. Data was extracted using a standardised form with risk of bias assessed via QUADAS-2. Of the 690 screened reports, 11 were included (6 acute, 4 chronic and 1 study for both types) with various sample types. Seven studies reported distinctive VOC counts (range 3-189), identifying 105 unique VOCs overall. A total of 16 VOCs appeared in two studies, one appeared in three studies, 6 in acute wounds only, 2 in chronic wounds only and 9 in both wound types. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry was the predominant detection method, with a wide range of columns and methods applied. Evidence indicates VOCs can differentiate between infected and non-infected wounds, signifying diagnostic potential. However, significant heterogeneity across most domains of interest and limited data necessitate further research to establish clinical utility. The identification of common VOCs across studies provides promising groundwork for developing standardised VOC profiling in wound assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 3","pages":"e70155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thirty-Day Readmission After Hospitalisation for Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Nationwide Analysis.","authors":"Krishna O Sanaka, Nandita Mitra, David J Margolis","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic foot ulcers are a frequent cause of hospitalisation among adults with diabetes mellitus and are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Hospital readmissions following diabetic foot ulcer hospitalisation remain common, yet nationally representative evidence describing readmission patterns and drivers is limited. This retrospective cohort study used the 2022 Nationwide Readmissions Database to characterise 30-day all-cause readmission rates, identify factors associated with readmission and compare index and readmission hospitalisations among adults hospitalised with diabetic foot ulcers in the United States. Adult hospitalisations with a diagnosis of diabetic foot ulcer were identified using diagnosis codes, and survey-weighted analyses were performed to generate national estimates. Among an estimated 234,797 index hospitalisations, 13.3% of patients were readmitted within 30 days, exceeding the national inpatient average of 8.2%. Readmitted patients demonstrated a higher prevalence of kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and mental health conditions. In multivariable analyses, kidney disease, cardiovascular comorbidities, tobacco use, drug use disorder and bipolar disorder were associated with increased odds of readmission. In contrast, infection-related diagnoses and procedures during the index hospitalisation, including bone infection, surgical debridement and lower-extremity amputation, were associated with lower odds of readmission. Readmission encounters were characterised by longer hospital stays and higher prevalence of acute systemic conditions. These findings indicate that early readmission after hospitalisation for diabetic foot ulcer is driven primarily by systemic medical instability rather than recurrent local infection, underscoring the need for multidisciplinary inpatient and postdischarge care strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 3","pages":"e70165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous Platelet-Rich Gel for the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Current Perspectives and Contemporary Strategies.","authors":"Lan Li, Xingwu Ran","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are representative examples of refractory chronic cutaneous wounds. Autologous platelet-rich gel (APG), a blood-derived therapeutic modality, has demonstrated efficacy in promoting the healing of DFUs. However, several limitations have been identified in both clinical practice and basic research, including restricted availability, short shelf life and suboptimal physical characteristics. In recent years, significant efforts have been directed towards prolonging the preservation period of APG and diversifying its sources. The integration of platelet-rich plasma with biomaterials and cell-based therapies not only mitigates the physical constraints associated with APG but also enhances therapeutic outcomes through synergistic effects in DFU healing. Moreover, emerging research on platelet-derived extracellular vesicles demonstrates promising potential for standardizing and advancing the engineered application of APG, although this field remains in its early stages. This review summarizes key findings from the literature published over the past 3-5 years and outlines prospective directions for future research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 3","pages":"e70168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Debridement Methods on Wound Healing Outcomes in Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Asmat Burhan, Eza Kemal Firdaus, Septian Mirova Sebayang, Ciara O'Really, Indah Susanti, Rantiningsih Sumarni, Mesya, Vijay Kumar, Anung Ahadi Pradana, Rizki Hidayat","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advancements in treatment, diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are challenging to heal, and the comparative efficacy of debridement strategies is poorly understood. This study assessed the effectiveness and ranked debridement methods for DFU based on wound size reduction (WSR). We conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis (BNMA) of randomised trials, including individuals with diabetic foot ulcers. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were examined till August 2025. Seven debridement approaches were compared with each other and with standard wound care (SWC); trial arms were classified by the primary debridement method, with routine wound care co-interventions permitted. We estimated mean differences with 95% credible intervals, ranked treatments using the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking curve (SUCRA) (0%-100%; higher scores indicate a greater likelihood of best effect), and assessed risk of bias and certainty of evidence using GRADE. Twenty-two RCTs (n = 1148) were incorporated. Biological debridement showed the largest reduction in WSR (MD 29.6%, 95% CrI -4.4 to 64.1), and enzymatic debridement (MD 21.8%, -11.5 to 55.6). Sensitivity analyses supported biological debridement over surgical and SWC, and enzymatic debridement over autolytic debridement. Across all interventions, SUCRA ranked autolytic (85%) and mechanical (75%) highest, whereas the largest estimated WSR were observed with biological and enzymatic debridement. Overall, certainty of evidence was low, although a few comparisons were rated as moderate certainty. Biological and enzymatic debridement seem to be the most successful for decreasing DFU size. However, SUCRA preferred autolytic and mechanical techniques. Evidence is scarce, endorsing personalised care and comprehensive multicenter trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 3","pages":"e70164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A First-In-Human Study of Pyroligneous Extract, the Biomaterial Derived From Pyrolytic Palm Kernel Shell Wood Vinegar as a Novel Wound Healing Aid on Diabetic Foot Ulcer.","authors":"Atthawit Mongkornwong, Somkiat Sunpaweravong, Yongyuth Theapparat, Jongdee Nopparat, Damrongsak Faroongsarng","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyroligneous extract, a refined wood vinegar from palm kernel shell biomass pyrolysis, could promote wound healing. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a topical hydrogel containing this extract on diabetic foot ulcer. A double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study was done. Sixteen volunteers with DFU were equally randomly assigned to either the treatment group receiving 150 μg/g extract in hydrogel or the control one receiving placebo. Hydrogels were applied to individual wounds once every other day for 13 weeks. Wound assessment and swab culture were done on weeks 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13. Tissues exfoliated during wound dressing were collected at baseline and completion for biomarkers detection. During the trial, three participants dropped out. No skin irritation was found in all participants. Mean wound shrinkage in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control from Week 7 onwards. The estimated half-lives presented as a 95% confidence limit of wound healing in the treatment and control groups were 4-7 days and 5-15 days, respectively. The extract may reduce the risk of infection as swab culture showed the decreased number of species of on-wounded site pathogens after treatment and so did the number of wounds with positive culture. mRNA expression of transdermal growth factor-β 1 in the treatment group significantly increased whereas tumour necrosis factor-α decreased compared with the placebo one. With clinical outcome, its TGF-βI up-regulating function with reduction of TNF-α level may decrease inflammatory response making Pyroligneous extract a novel agent to promote the healing in DFU wounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 3","pages":"e70166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Managing Lower Limb Amputation; An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis With Individual Patients Data Meta-Analysis and GRADE Assessment.","authors":"Abdullah Elrefae, Mohamed Elghouneimy, Mirna Morad Mashhour, Mohamed H Khater, Mohamed Wahb, Miqdad Qandeel, Mohamed Fahmy, Mustafa Makkiyah, Ali Mohamed Seif, Mohammad Amgad Seddek, Omar Ahmed Abdelwahab","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Major lower-limb amputation often leads to wound complications that delay recovery and prosthetic use. Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) has been suggested to improve outcomes, but evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study is to compare NPWT with standard wound therapy in fresh amputation stumps. A systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines included randomised and controlled observational trials. Primary outcomes were wound complications, including surgical-site infections (SSI) and wound dehiscence. Secondary outcomes included re-amputation, healing, and resource use. Seventeen papers including over 6745 patients were analysed. NPWT significantly reduced total wound complications (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.37-0.66) and SSIs (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27-0.90), including both superficial (RR 0.30, 95% CI 0.12-0.73) and deep infections (RR 0.26, 95% CI 0.11-0.63). The secondary amputation risk was lowered by one-third (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50-0.89). Wound dehiscence risk decreased (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.94). Mortality, readmission, and hospital stay showed no significant differences between groups. Healing outcomes strongly favoured NPWT: mean time to ≥ 76% granulation was shortened by 25 days, while complete closure occurred nearly two weeks earlier. Kaplan-Meier reconstruction confirmed that NPWT accelerated wound maturation by 77% (HR 0.23, 95% CI 0.12-0.44). Economic evaluations, though limited, indicated fewer dressing changes, reduced outpatient visits, and overall cost savings. NPWT after major lower-limb amputation halves wound complications and infections, lowers re-amputation, and accelerates healing. Despite unchanged systemic outcomes, the local benefits are clinically significant, supporting its use in standard post-amputation care. Trial Registration: CRD420251088214.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 3","pages":"e70162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial and Inflammatory Consequences of Secondary Intention Healing After Mohs Surgery: Implications for Multidisciplinary Postoperative Care.","authors":"Johanna Ghebrehiwet-Kuflom, Anuj Budhiraja, Alisha Mehta, Linh H Tran, Rawlings E Lyle, Theresa Canavan, Konstantin V Grigoryan, Sara E Dahle, Rivkah Isseroff","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secondary intention healing after Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is often chosen for complex or concave sites, preserving tissue and enabling recurrence surveillance. However, secondary intention healing is associated with prolonged healing, visible scarring, and psychosocial distress. Psychological stress impairs repair through neuroendocrine activation, elevating cortisol and catecholamines that disrupt immune function and delay inflammatory resolution. Inflammation, in turn, hinders fibroblast activity, extracellular matrix remodelling and collagen organization, further slowing closure. Emerging evidence supports a 'psychosocial-inflammatory feedback loop' in which visible wounds heighten distress, distress amplifies inflammation and inflammation delays healing. This review integrates in vitro, animal, and clinical findings demonstrating the biological plausibility and clinical relevance of this loop in Mohs micrographic surgery. We propose a framework combining psychoneuroimmunology and wound biology to explain prolonged recoveries in some secondary intention healing patients. Recognising this interplay can inform closure selection, patient counselling and postoperative care-especially for wounds in highly visible areas. Multidisciplinary strategies combining optimal closure techniques, targeted anti-inflammatory therapies and psychological support may disrupt the cycle, accelerate healing and improve quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 2","pages":"e70139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomics in Venous Leg Ulcers (VLU): A Systematic Review.","authors":"Chien Lin Soh, Kia Hau Matthew Tan, Alun Huw Davies, Sarah Onida","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70140","DOIUrl":"10.1111/wrr.70140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are chronic wounds in the lower limbs that cause significant morbidity. The underlying biology underpinning non-healing in VLUs is still poorly understood and differences in transcriptomic profiles may help elucidate biological pathways involved in wound chronicity. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Studies were included if transcriptomes from adults with confirmed VLU were described. A search of EMBASE, OVID and PubMed between 1 January 1994 and 17 August 2024 yielded 429 articles; 34 studies were included after full-text screening by two independent reviewers. Twenty-nine studies investigated coding messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, while five studies investigated non-coding RNA. Samples were obtained from wound biopsies (n = 31) or whole blood (n = 3). There were variations in mRNA expression across comparisons between patients with VLUs and controls such as tissue from other patients, tissue from different sites and treated tissues. Altered levels of mRNA transcripts suggest chronic inflammatory states, hyperproliferation and reduced wound healing. Studies exploring non-coding RNAs described their roles in regulating wound repair. Paired analyses of microRNA expression demonstrate impact on RNA expression profiles, with effects on inhibition of wound healing. Transcriptomic analysis provides new insights into the pathophysiology of the development and healing of VLUs. Further development of RNA biomarkers and gene expression profiles can improve diagnosis and prognostication of VLUs, but heterogeneity of current data may make it difficult to draw clinical significance. Trial Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42024580526.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 2","pages":"e70140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12963810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma, Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Conventional Therapy in Chronic Non-Healing Skin Ulcers: A Randomised Clinical Trial.","authors":"Eman Mohamed Salah, Mohamed Aboshabana Hussein, Heba Mahmoud Diab","doi":"10.1111/wrr.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/wrr.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic non-healing skin ulcers are one of the most important clinical challenges, usually refusing conventional treatments. The applications of autologous platelet concentrates include platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin, which enhance healing properties by accelerating wound healing by growth factor release. This randomised, prospective clinical trial included 36 patients aged between 18 and 65 years suffering from chronic non-healing ulcers. They were then randomly allocated into three treatment groups: Group A (PRP), Group B (PRF) and Group C (Conventional treatment). PRP and PRF were acquired by standardising blood collection from the autologous blood samples, after which they were subjected to centrifugation and applied weekly for eight sessions. Ulcer area reduction, healing rates as well as pain scores were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after baseline using ImageJ software and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). PRF more evidently repaired ulcers than PRP, with a mean reduction in surface area of 81.4% at 8 weeks, compared with 47.6% in PRP and 26.1% in controls (p < 0.001). Complete healing was noted among 58.3% in PRF, 41.7% in PRP and 0% in controls. Pain scores among the different groups had no significant differences, and no adverse events were noted during the study. PRF was superior to PRP and conventional therapy in healing chronic diabetic and venous ulcers, which can be attributed to its longer duration of growth factor release with a fibrin scaffold. PRF is a low-cost, autologous and accessible regenerative alternative in the management of chronic wounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23864,"journal":{"name":"Wound Repair and Regeneration","volume":"34 2","pages":"e70151"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}