Veterinary ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Investigation of the Effects of Season (Summer-Winter) and Sex on Tear Production and Intraocular Pressure in Saanen and Honamlı Goats.","authors":"Eser Çakmakçi, Ahmet Gürsel, Ali Belge","doi":"10.1111/vop.70192","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effects of season (summer vs. winter) and sex on tear production (Schirmer tear test; STT-I) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in Honamlı and Saanen goats raised under similar environmental conditions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 120 clinically healthy goats (Honamlı and Saanen; 30 females and 30 males per breed), approximately 2 years old and weighing 50.0-117.3 kg, were examined. STT-I and IOP were measured under standardized conditions in June (summer; ~30°C) and January (winter; ~10°C). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22, applying parametric or non-parametric tests according to normality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both breeds and in both sexes, STT-I values were significantly higher in summer than in winter, ranging from 18.5 to 19.9 mm/min in summer and from 13.7 to 16.8 mm/min in winter (p < 0.01). Conversely, IOP values were significantly higher in winter than in summer, ranging from 14.8 to 17.0 mmHg in winter and from 10.5 to 12.6 mmHg in summer (p ≤ 0.001). Sex-related differences were generally absent in Honamlı goats, whereas in Saanen goats winter left-eye STT-I and mean IOP values were significantly higher in males than in females. Between-breed differences were limited to specific subgroup comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Seasonal variation markedly influences ocular physiology in Honamlı and Saanen goats, characterized by increased tear production in summer and elevated IOP in winter, whereas the effect of sex appears to be modest and subgroup-dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147975867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Feature-Based Normality Modeling for Automated Out-Of-Distribution Detection in Sheep Retinal Fundus Images.","authors":"Büşra Kibar, Sıtkıcan Okur, Büşra Baykal, Taner Arslan, Çağlar Özkalipçi, Berfin Petek","doi":"10.1111/vop.70220","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and evaluate a deep feature-based normality modeling approach for automated out-of-distribution (OOD) detection in sheep retinal fundus images.</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>Retinal fundus images from 75 adult sheep (n = 271 images) and additional OOD images from non-target species (cattle, dogs, and cats; n = 346 images).</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Deep feature embeddings were extracted using a ResNet50 convolutional neural network pretrained on ImageNet. Normal retinal appearance was modeled in feature space using healthy images. Anomaly scores were calculated using a k-nearest neighbor (k = 5) distance-based approach. OOD detection was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The anomaly threshold was defined as the 95th percentile of validation scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed framework demonstrated a clear separation between in-distribution sheep retinal images and OOD samples. The model achieved an area under the ROC curve of 1.00 (95% CI: 0.99-1.00). At the predefined threshold, all OOD images were correctly identified (100% detection rate), with a false alarm rate of 11.9% in the sheep test set.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Deep feature-based normality modeling can characterize normal sheep retinal morphology and identify out-of-distribution samples. The proposed approach should be interpreted as a proof-of-concept screening and quality-control tool, not a disease-specific diagnostic system. Further validation using animal-level partitioning and intra-species pathological datasets is required to establish clinical utility. Normality modeling may hold promise for future screening of retinal disease within sheep; however, this has not yet been evaluated. Importantly, this study evaluates only cross-species OOD detection and does not assess the detection of retinal abnormalities within sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148370065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stent-Assisted Surgical Creation of a Ductal Drainage Tract in the Third Eyelid Gland for Treatment of Postoperative Lacrimal Cyst of the Nictitating Membrane in a Dog.","authors":"Donghee Kim, Geunseop Lee, Kyung-Mee Park","doi":"10.1111/vop.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe a surgical technique of stent-assisted creation of a ductal drainage tract in the third eyelid gland, combined with mitomycin-C application, for the treatment of recurrent lacrimal cyst of the nictitating membrane (LCNM) in a referred dog.</p><p><strong>Animal studied: </strong>A client-owned 8-month-old castrated male Maltese dog (3.6 kg) with recurrent LCNM following conjunctival pocket technique for PNMG repair.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Following two recurrences after surgical cyst drainage via intentional incision, stent-assisted ductal tract creation was performed, incorporating mitomycin-C (0.4 mg/mL) application and temporary placement of a 3-French cat catheter as a ductal stent. The stent was removed at the one-week recheck due to a stent-related corneal ulcer, 1 week earlier than planned.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A focal central superficial corneal ulcer attributed to mechanical contact with the catheter stent was identified at the one-week recheck and necessitated early stent removal; the ulcer resolved with topical antibiotic therapy. At the three-week recheck, mild nictitating membrane (NM) elevation and incomplete ductal patency were noted. By the six-week recheck, NM protrusion and conjunctival hyperemia had resolved and corticosteroid therapy was discontinued. No cyst recurrence was observed over 4 months, and the created ductal tract remained patent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This technique achieved resolution of recurrent LCNM and maintained ductal patency over 4 months. Stent-related corneal contact necessitated early stent removal. The suture-free nature suggests this technique may be performed without dedicated surgical microscopy, potentially broadening its applicability in general practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Early Ophthalmic Effects of Vatinoxan in Healthy Detomidine-Sedated Horses.","authors":"Minna Pauliina Mustikka, Ninja Pauliina Karikoski, Marja Riitta Raekallio, Elle Sofia Teppo, Simon Anton Pot, Juhana Honkavaara","doi":"10.1111/vop.70206","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the short-term ophthalmic effects of vatinoxan, a peripherally selective alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist, in detomidine-sedated horses.</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>Seven healthy horses without ophthalmic disease in a randomized, masked, two-period crossover study design, with a ≥ 7-day rest period.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>After a bilateral palpebral block (lidocaine 40 mg) and baseline data collection, horses received intravenous detomidine (20 μg/kg [DET]) or DET with vatinoxan (200 μg/kg [DET-VAT]). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured from the left eye while tear production (Schirmer tear test -1; STT) and vertical pupil diameter (VPD) were measured from the right eye at pre-determined intervals until 25 min post-treatment. Comparisons within and between treatments were analyzed with Student's t-tests (for IOP and VPD) or Wilcoxon's Rank Sum tests (for STT) followed by the Holm-Bonferroni post hoc adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall post-treatment IOP across time points was lower after DET (15.7 ± 1.9 [mean ± standard deviation] mmHg) than DET-VAT (16.9 ± 2.0 mmHg) (p = 0.01). IOP remained significantly (p < 0.05) lower than baseline after DET for the whole 25 min observational period, while for DET-VAT the corrected pairwise comparisons to baseline did not reach significance. The median (range) STT increased from baseline 17 (13-25) mm/min to 24 (18-35) mm/min (p = 0.022) at 25 min after DET and from 18 (11-35) mm/min to 30 (18-35) mm/min (p = 0.022) after DET-VAT, respectively. VPD did not differ significantly from baseline after either treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vatinoxan alleviated detomidine-associated early decrease in IOP in healthy horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"12th Annual Conference of the Colegio Latinoamericano de Oftalmólogos Veterinarios (CLOVE), Merida, Yucatan, Mexico June 5-7, 2025\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/vop.70213","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Recurrent Orbital Swelling in a Goose: Comment.","authors":"Tianfei Yu, Xinyan Zhao, Nana Yi, Ming Li, Liya Wang, Yan Qi","doi":"10.1111/vop.70189","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148144679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Effects of Topical 1% Cyclopentolate in New Zealand White Rabbits: A Controlled Evaluation of Intraocular Pressure, Pupil Size, and Tear Production.","authors":"Farnoosh Arfaee, Shayan Shariati, Arghavan Armin","doi":"10.1111/vop.70199","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mydriatic and cycloplegic agents are widely used in veterinary ophthalmology to enable posterior segment examination. This study evaluated the effects of topical 1% cyclopentolate on intraocular pressure (IOP), horizontal pupil diameter (HPD), and tear production measured by type 1 Schirmer tear test (STT1) in healthy albino rabbits.</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>Five healthy male New Zealand White rabbits were used for this study.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>A single drop of 1% cyclopentolate ophthalmic solution was instilled in the right eye, while the left eye received one drop of placebo and baseline IOP, HPD, and STT1 values were recorded (T0). Measurements of IOP, HPD, and STT1 were repeated in both eyes at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after administration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Topical 1% cyclopentolate produced a transient increase in IOP at 0.5 h (2.80 ± 2.49 mmHg, p = 0.008), followed by a temporary decrease at 2 and 4 h (p = 0.008 and p = 0.032, respectively), with no sustained differences thereafter. A significant mydriasis effect was observed in treated eyes within 0.5 h (1.2 ± 0.4 mm, p = 0.003), peaking at 1 h (1.4 ± 0.6 mm, p = 0.001) and returning to baseline by 8 h. STT1 values showed no significant change compared to the baseline values at any time, indicating no effect on tear production.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Topical 1% cyclopentolate causes transient alterations in IOP and HPD without affecting tear production in healthy rabbits, supporting its safety and diagnostic utility in veterinary ophthalmology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148035940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practicability and Effectiveness of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) of the Feline Iris as a Potential Biomarker for Iris Melanoma: A Study of 76 Cases.","authors":"Natalie Lanzendörfer, Carolina Naranjo Freixa, Ingo Hoffmann, Knut Stieger, Cornelia A Deeg","doi":"10.1111/vop.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the practicability and diagnostic value of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in cats, focusing on image quality and distinguishing iris melanosis from iris melanoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-six client-owned cats were examined using a ZEISS Primus 200 OCT system. Image acquisition occurred without anesthesia in 65 cats; eight required injectable sedation, and three received anxiolytic medication. Mean iris thickness was measured; pigmentation-to-normal (PN) ratios were calculated from paired comparisons. OCT-based structural characteristics were analyzed in 49 eyes with suspected melanosis and 27 with suspected melanoma. Histological confirmation was available in 15 melanoma cases and one melanosis case following enucleation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In normal and suspected melanosis-affected irides, mean iris thickness was similar (316.32 ± 89.36 μm; 319.20 ± 78.75 μm; PN ≈1.07 ± 0.14), with preserved architecture and consistent OCT layer visibility. In suspected and confirmed melanomas, mean iris thickness increased significantly (474.25 ± 139.14 μm; PN ≈1.61 ± 0.52; 592.54 ± 186.89 μm; PN ≈1.58 ± 0.27), accompanied by posterior signal attenuation and loss of structural detail. All 15 histologically confirmed melanomas matched the OCT-based suspicion, yielding a diagnostic sensitivity of 100%. One case initially classified as suspected melanosis underwent enucleation due to clinical progression and was histopathologically confirmed as benign melanosis, supporting the accuracy of the OCT-based assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AS-OCT is a valuable, non-invasive modality for in vivo assessment of the feline iris. It is a feasible and practical tool that may support diagnosis of iris melanoma and assist in clinical decision-making, particularly regarding the need for enucleation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Communities Identified by Standard Culture and 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing in Ophthalmic Preservative-Free Dexamethasone SP Used in Canine Cataract Surgery.","authors":"Aaron C Sieve, Elizabeth A Giuliano, Zachary L McAdams, Aida Vientós-Plotts, Aaron C Ericsson","doi":"10.1111/vop.70186","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess different lots and brands of sterile preservative-free dexamethasone sodium phosphate (dexamethasone SP) for evidence of bacterial contamination via culture-dependent and independent methods, and quantify endotoxin. Broadly, the objective is to further investigate potential causes for fibrin web (FW) development after canine cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Five samples from two lots of three brands of dexamethasone SP (30 samples total) and reagent controls were collected. All samples underwent conventional aerobic and capnophilic bacterial culture, as well as kinetic chromogenic endotoxin quantification. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction, 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing, sequence analysis, and classification were performed on all samples. Statistical analysis assessed DNA concentration, α and β diversity, and sample biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacterial cultures were positive in 0/10 Auromedics, 1/10 Fresenius Kabi, and 4/10 Somerset Pharma LLC dexamethasone SP samples. The bacteria identified (Bacillus thuringiensis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus oralis) were likely present due to contaminants during plating. Endotoxin quantification was below the limit of detection of the assay (0.5 EU/mL). There were no statistically significant differences in α or β diversity between brands. Differential abundance testing found Lactococcus and Acetitomaculum as genus-level biomarkers for the Auromedics brand and Solobacterium for the Somerset brand of dexamethasone SP. The most common bacterial families recovered were Bacillaceae, Clostridiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillaceae, Muribaculaceae, Propionilbacteriaceae, Staphylococcaeae, and Xanthobacteraceae.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were no significant dexamethasone SP brand-specific differences. Endotoxin was below the limit of detection of the assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital Choristoma in a Jaguar (Panthera onca).","authors":"João Vitor de Oliveira Gurgel, Clarissa Machado de Carvalho, Rômulo Vitelli Rocha Peixoto, Júlia das Graças Gritzenco, Betânia Pereira Borges, Tânia Ribeiro Junqueira Borges, João Ricardo Bielefeld Nardotto, Lucas Pinto de Oliveira Rezende, Fabiano José Ferreira de Sant'Ana, Líria Queiroz Luz Hirano, Paula Diniz Galera","doi":"10.1111/vop.70198","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vop.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To report the diagnosis and treatment of an orbital choristoma in a 2-year-old male jaguar (Panthera onca).</p><p><strong>Animal studied: </strong>Jaguar (Panthera onca).</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>The patient presented with unilateral periorbital edema, strabismus, exophthalmia, epiphora, and conjunctivitis. Initial diagnosis was achieved via general physical and ophthalmic exams, ultrasound, computed tomography, and cytology. The cystic structure was surgically excised and submitted for histopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histopathology provided definitive diagnosis of a choristomatous cyst of lacrimal or conjunctival origin. Recovery was successful, without complications or recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report of an orbital choristoma in wild felids, reinforcing the importance of advanced imaging and a multidisciplinary approach for the management of rare pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":"29 4","pages":"e70198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147983541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}