Veterinary ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of ocular surface parameters before and after cryo- and laser therapy for distichiasis in dogs: A pilot study.","authors":"V Zwiauer-Wolfbeisser, A Tichy, B Nell","doi":"10.1111/vop.13275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this pilot study was to establish a satisfactory, scientific approach to effectively compare quantitative measurements of various ocular surface parameters before and after surgical treatment in dogs suffering from distichiasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ophthalmic examination was conducted on 12 dogs (23 eyes) before and after surgical treatments for distichiasis, at four different time points, (t₀ = before surgery, t₁ = 1-2 h after surgery, t₂ = 1 week after surgery, t₃ = 1 month after surgery, and t₄ = 6 months after surgery) between 2021 and 2022, and analyzed retrospectively. The examination included Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1), interferometry, noninvasive tear film break-up time (NIBUT), tear meniscus size (TMS), and meibography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant changes were found in STT-1 (t₀: 22.2 ± 6.5 mm, t₂: 22.5 ± 5.7 mm, t₃: 20.8 ± 5.1 mm, and t₄: 22.6 mm ± 4.8 mm) before and after surgery. Mean interferometry scores showed a slight, not statistically significant, decrease from t₀ to t₃ and t₄ (t₀: 2.1 ± 0.8, t₁: 2.1 ± 0.7, t₂: 2.1 ± 0.9, t₃: 1.8 ± 0.6, and t₄: 1.9 ± 1.1). Mean NIBUT did not change significantly between time points (t₀: 3.9 ± 1.3 s, t₁: 4.0 ± 1.3 s, t₂: 4.0 ± 1.4 s, t₃: 3.5 ± 0.7 s, and t₄: 3.5 ± 0.9 s). TMS showed a slight, not statistically significant increase (t₀: 0.5 ± 0.3 mm, t₁: 0.5 ± 0.3, t₂: 0.5 ± 0.3 mm, t₃: 0.6 ± 0.2 mm, and t₄: 0.7 ± 0.3 mm). There were no changes in the gross morphology of the meibomian glands (MG).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot study could not detect a negative effect of different forms of treatment of distichiasis on the precorneal tear film parameters in dogs. However, due to the study's retrospective nature and small sample size, no definitive conclusion can be drawn regarding the changes at the different time points.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronofrontal rhytidectomy: A new approach for the treatment of severe pseudoptosis and superior entropion in dogs","authors":"Rita Vilao Cardoso, Marta Leiva, Cristina Seruca, Rodrigo P. Lacerda, Fernando Laguna, M. Teresa Peña","doi":"10.1111/vop.13270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13270","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeTo describe the use of coronofrontal rhytidectomy (CFR) for the treatment of severe pseudoptosis and superior entropion in dogs, and to provide guidelines for the selection of surgical technique depending on presentation.MethodsA review of medical records of dogs that underwent rhytidectomy from 2002 to 2023 was carried out, including signalment, clinical signs, type of rhytidectomy, concurrent surgical techniques, re‐interventions, post‐operative complications, follow‐up time, and outcome.ResultsTwenty dogs with a median age of 5.1 years were included in this study. English Cocker Spaniel was the most common breed (8 dogs:40%) and males were overrepresented (13 dogs: 65%). Besides pseudoptosis and visual impairment (100%), the other most common clinical signs were entropion and/or ectropion (19 dogs: 95%), conjunctivitis (17 dogs: 85%), euryblepharon (12 dogs: 60%) and non‐ulcerative keratitis (10 dogs: 50%). CFR was performed in 12 dogs (60%), frontal rhytidectomy in 5 (25%), coronal in 2 (10%), and modified shared in 1 (5%). Concurrent surgical techniques were performed in 17 dogs (85%), being lateral canthoplasty (13 dogs; 65%), and Celsus–Hotz (10 dogs; 50%) the most common. The median follow‐up time was 115 days with no complications and good outcomes reported in all dogs. At last re‐recheck, complete correction of the eyelid positioning was obtained in 92% (11/12) and 87.5% (7/8) of the cases that underwent CFR and other rhytidectomy techniques, respectively.ConclusionCFR is an effective surgical treatment for severe pseudoptosis and superior entropion in dogs. The provided guidelines will assist in the selection of the most appropriate eyelid lifting technique.","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of owner presence on healing of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects after anterior stromal puncture","authors":"Natalia L. Rivera‐Viscal, Ellison Bentley, Taylor A. Opgenorth, Michael R. Lasarev","doi":"10.1111/vop.13274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13274","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveTo examine the effect of client presence on healing rates of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defect (SCCEDs) following debridement and anterior stromal puncture (ASP).Animals StudiedSixty‐eight client‐owned dogs.ProceduresDogs presenting prior to the COVID‐19 shutdown were assigned to the C group (client in the room, 31/68), while dogs presenting after were assigned to group NC (no client in the room, 37/68). Inclusion criteria were retention of fluorescein, non‐adherent epithelium, persistence for at least 1 week, and recheck within 1 month. Exclusion criteria were concurrent ocular disorders and endocrinopathies. Success was defined as negative fluorescein retention at first recheck. <jats:italic>t</jats:italic>‐Tests, rank‐sum tests, and chi‐squared or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare findings between groups. Logistic regression was used to determine whether odds of success at first recheck differed between groups or were modified by other characteristics.ResultsDogs in the NC group were older (9.9 vs. 8.7 years, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .014) and had more bandage contact lenses (BCLs) placed (65% vs. 29%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .003). There were no other significant differences between groups. BCL placement was associated with significantly greater odds of healing by first recheck (OR = 4.00, 95% CI: 0.63–11.2; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .008). The NC group initially had 2.5 times greater odds of healing than the C group; after adjusting for BCL placement, the association between client location and healing weakened (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 0.63–5.13; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = .277).ConclusionsHealing was marginally associated with not having the client in the room, likely due to increased BCL use. BCL application improves SCCED healing rates following debridement/ASP.","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular osseous metaplasia in an older red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) 24 years following traumatic injury to the globe.","authors":"Taylr Wells, Miranda Sadar, Haley Jost, Leandro Teixeira, Michala de Linde Henriksen","doi":"10.1111/vop.13273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An approximately 26-year-old, suspected female, red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) was presented with a history of chronic ocular changes of the left eye likely secondary to blunt trauma resulting in blindness and phthisis bulbi. Ophthalmic evaluation of OS revealed a large intraocular mass, 3+ aqueous flare indicating anterior uveitis, and severely decreased intraocular pressure measuring 5 mmHg. Ocular ultrasound revealed an abnormal, spherical shaped and hyperechoic lens, as well as hyperechoic material or a mass lesion in the posterior segment. An enucleation procedure was performed, and histopathology of the eye revealed no signs of neoplasia but instead intraocular osseous metaplasia with bone marrow and adipose tissue replacing the lens. Similar mass lesions were found in the retina and choroid. Multiple fractures in the scleral ossicle and cartilage correlated the intraocular lesions with a blunt traumatic event. A bioresorbable disk of porcine small intestine submucosa (BioSIS Vetrix®) was incorporated to relieve tension during closure. The graft sloughed during healing process, revealing a healed wound underneath. The BioSIS was not incorporated into the wound as designed but may have facilitated healing. This is the first report of intraocular osseous metaplasia in a raptor and the use of BioSIS Vetrix® with enucleation in an avian species.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular melanosis in the adult Cairn Terrier population within the United Kingdom.","authors":"Adam C Margetts, Cathryn Mellersh, Kerry Smith","doi":"10.1111/vop.13271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Prospective investigation to determine the prevalence of ocular melanosis in adult Cairn Terriers within the United Kingdom using a previously established staging scheme.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ophthalmic assessment was performed on adult Cairn Terriers, recruited from various geographic locations within the United Kingdom. Examination included gonioscopy, rebound tonometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy, performed by one examiner (AM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 93 dogs were examined, including 52 females and 41 males, aged between 15 months and 16 years 4 months. Sixty of 93 dogs (64.5%) were >7 years of age. Nine of 93 dogs (9.6%) demonstrated changes consistent with ocular melanosis. Four of 9 (44.4%) had Stage 1 disease and 5 of 9 (55.6%), Stage 2. Stages 3 or 4 were not identified in any dogs. Mean intraocular pressures in affected and unaffected dogs were 14.7 mmHg (range 12-17 mmHg) and 12.8 mmHg (range 5-21 mmHg), respectively. Incomplete pupil dilation was noted in affected dogs following pharmacologic mydriasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ocular melanosis was identified in approximately 10% of examined dogs, over half were dogs of breeding age (<7 years of age). It is possible that Grade 1 disease could go undetected, prior to obvious scleral pigment accumulation (Grade 2 disease). It is therefore recommended that dogs undergoing pre-breeding screens have pre-dilation assessment of the anterior segment using slit lamp biomicroscopy with subsequent gonioscopy to clearly assess for circumferential thickening of the iris base that might otherwise go undetected. Additionally, regular reassessment of breeding dogs is advised as disease progression could be rapid.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmic findings and reference values for selected ocular parameters in whooping cranes (Grus americana) and Mississippi sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis pulla).","authors":"Hannah B Gafen, Rodrigo S Garces-Torres, Chin-Chi Liu, Andrew C Lewin, Pilar Camacho-Luna, Robert A MacLean, Renee T Carter","doi":"10.1111/vop.13272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish baseline ophthalmic parameters for an endangered, semi-wild population of healthy whooping cranes (Grus americana) (WHCR) and Mississippi sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis pulla) (SACR).</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>Eighteen WHCR and 16 SACR.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Ophthalmic examination was performed by a single observer, followed by conjunctival swab collection for aerobic bacterial culture and measurement of tear production (phenol red thread test, PRTT) and corneal diameter (CD) as tolerated. Measurement of the axial globe (AG) length, anterior chamber (AC) depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber (VC) depth, and pecten length was performed via ocular ultrasound (OUS) as tolerated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eyelid cicatrization (n = 1 WHCR), keratitis (n = 2 WHCR), incipient cataracts (n = 1 WHCR, n = 4 SACR), and uveal cysts (n = 1 SACR) were identified. Twenty-one bacterial species were cultured from SACR, while 18 bacterial species were cultured from WHCR. SACR under 6 months old had increased PRTT values compared to older SACR (p = .0432). AG length and VC depth of male WHCR were greater than in female WHCR (p = .0045 and p = .0008, respectively). WHCR less than 6 months old had greater AC depth and lens thickness than WHCR over 6 months (p < .001 and p = .0013, respectively). SACR less than 6 months old had greater AC depth and lens thickness than WHCR over 6 months (p < .0001 and p < .0001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WHCR and SACR are amenable to complete ophthalmic examination. Age-related differences in PRTT in SACR, sexual dimorphism in WHCR, and age-related differences in AC depth and lens thickness in WHCR and SACR were identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of lidocaine for auriculopalpebral nerve block in dogs: Onset, duration, and effects on intraocular pressure and eye examination.","authors":"Bahar Golzar, Ali Asghar Sarchahi, Mohammad Azizzadeh","doi":"10.1111/vop.13263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Accurate intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement is essential for managing glaucoma, requiring tonometry. Local anesthesia is typically used, but nerve blocks may be needed for blepharospasm. This study investigated the efficacy of auriculopalpebral nerve block with lidocaine in achieving eyelid akinesia and its influence on IOP in dogs.</p><p><strong>Animals and procedures: </strong>In a randomized, blinded trial, 12 healthy adult mixed-breed dogs (24 eyes) received either auriculopalpebral nerve block with 2% lidocaine (n = 12 eyes) or no block (n = 12 eyes). Tetracaine drops were used for topical anesthesia in half of blocked/non-blocked eyes, and the rest of the eyes got artificial tears as control. The impact of nerve block was evaluated through assessments of menace response, palpebral reflex, and IOP before the block, after drop instillation, and at 15-min intervals until block dissipation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Auriculopalpebral nerve block provided effective eyelid akinesia in 58.5% (7/12 eyes) at 15 min, reaching 91.7% (11/12 eyes) at 30 min, indicating peak efficacy. Subsequently, the block gradually diminished, with 66.7% (8/12 eyes) and 33.3% (4/12 eyes) maintaining akinesia at 45 and 60 min, respectively. Importantly, neither auriculopalpebral nerve block nor tetracaine administration significantly affected IOP measurements (p > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Auriculopalpebral nerve block using lidocaine demonstrated efficient eyelid akinesia, peaking at 30 min postinjection. This technique proved to be safe with no notable alterations in IOP, suggesting its potential utility in canine ophthalmology for procedures requiring eyelid akinesia, particularly in the management of glaucoma where maintaining accurate IOP measurements is crucial for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of 0.1% and 1% atropine eyedrops in cats: A comparative study of tolerance, stability, and efficacy.","authors":"Karin W Handel, Ron Ofri, Yulia Goncharov, Dikla Arad, Lionel Sebbag","doi":"10.1111/vop.13268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate the tolerance, stability, and efficacy of topical 0.1% and 1% atropine in cats.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Six cats underwent two trials separated by a 2-week washout period. One drop of artificial tears was placed in one randomly selected eye (control), and one drop of either 0.1% atropine (Trial I) or 1% atropine (Trial II) was placed in the other eye. Immediate adverse effects were recorded for severity (0-3) and duration (seconds). Horizontal pupil diameter (HPD), pupillary light reflexes (PLRs), intraocular pressure (IOP), Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1), and heart rate (HR) were monitored at baseline then 8 h post-administration. PLRs were assessed for a total of 72 h. Stability was assessed weekly for 1 month in room temperature and refrigerated conditions, evaluating solution clarity, pH, and drug concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adverse effects had a significantly lower severity score and shorter duration with 0.1% versus 1% atropine (severity 1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.5 ± 0.5, p = .010; duration 107.5 ± 53.3 vs. 293.3 ± 106.5 s, p = .009). HPD was significantly greater than baseline measurements as early as 40 min for both atropine formulations. Pupils were non-responsive for a significantly shorter duration with 0.1% versus 1% atropine (median 7 h vs. 47.5 h, p = .031). Compared with control eyes, IOP was significantly elevated by 1% atropine (p = .021) but not 0.1% atropine (p = .502). No significant differences were noted in STT-1 and HR measurements. Both solutions were stable in room temperature and refrigerated conditions for 1 month.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diluted 0.1% atropine was stable and better tolerated by cats, offering a potential alternative to feline patients that experience adverse effects from topical 1% atropine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of retinal detachments in dogs after prophylactic transpupillary retinopexy.","authors":"Joshua S Lieberman, Deborah A Keys, Phillip A Moore","doi":"10.1111/vop.13267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the frequency of retinal detachments following prophylactic transpupillary retinopexy (PTPRP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of dogs that received a PTPRP between 2014 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed for age, sex, breed, reason for retinopexy, laser power setting, number of retinal burns, follow-up duration, and outcome. Laser power settings were increased until retinal burns could be visualized and were made 360° in a double row in the peripheral retina.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-seven cases (75 eyes), 28 males and 29 females, had PTPRP performed. The median age was 8 years (4 months-14 years) with Shih tzu (n = 12), Bichon (n = 5), Miniature Poodle (n = 5), and Yorkie (n = 4) being the most common breeds. PTPRP were performed due to severe vitreal degeneration (n = 66), retinal detachment in the contralateral eye (n = 25), capsular tear with escaped lens material during phacoemulsification (n = 6), intracapsular lens extraction (n = 2), and lens luxation during phacoemulsification (n = 3). The median power setting, number of retinal burns, and follow-up time were 300 mW (201-595 mW), 210 burns (35-921 burns), and 473 days (14-1862 days), respectively. Additionally, five patients had a barrier-pexy performed in the contralateral eye, due to partial detachment. Retinal detachment occurred in 3/75 (4.0%) of eyes that received a PTPRP at the final examination. Of the patients with a detachment in the contralateral eye (n = 25), no detachment was noted at the last follow-up examination. Two partial detachments that had barrier-pexies had progressed at the final examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results demonstrate that PTPRP may be beneficial in decreasing the risk of retinal detachment in selected cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tear cytokines as potential markers of inflammation in feline conjunctivitis.","authors":"Ali Davari, Mohammad Reza Tabandeh, Mohammad Abarkar, Bahar Torkaman","doi":"10.1111/vop.13261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Conjunctivitis is a prevalent feline ocular surface disorder, often accompanied by inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of conjunctival inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the tears of cats with conjunctivitis and compare them with healthy controls, thereby enhancing our understanding of the inflammatory processes in feline conjunctivitis.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Tear samples were collected from cats of various breeds diagnosed with conjunctivitis (n = 15) and healthy control cats (n = 5) using Schirmer strips. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Protein concentration were measured using Bradford assay and data were expressed as pg/mg protein of tear sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed a statistically significant increase in the levels of both TNF-α and IL-6 in cats with conjunctivitis compared to the control group (p < .0001). Positive correlation were observed between tear IL-6 (p < .001, r = 0.902) and TNF-α (p < .001, r = 0.919) with clinical grades of conjunctivitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results demonstrated a significant elevation in the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the tears of cats with conjunctivitis, suggesting that these cytokines are involved in the inflammatory response of feline conjunctivitis. These findings could pave the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, focusing on cytokine modulation, to manage feline conjunctivitis more effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}