{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Anti-Fibrotic Effects of Lisinopril (ACE Inhibitor) and Fasudil (ROCK Inhibitor) in Combination for Canine Corneal Fibrosis In Vitro\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/vop.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniela Denk, Roberta Rasotto, Erika Abbondati, Emilian Małek, Sarah Kirschner-Kitz, Chiara Palmieri
{"title":"Promoting Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) in Veterinary Pathology: Insights and Initiatives From a European Veterinary Specialist DEI Task Force.","authors":"Daniela Denk, Roberta Rasotto, Erika Abbondati, Emilian Małek, Sarah Kirschner-Kitz, Chiara Palmieri","doi":"10.1111/vop.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The European Society of Veterinary Pathology (ESVP) and the European College of Veterinary Pathologists (ECVP) DEI Task Force (DEITF) was established to assess and advance diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives within the European veterinary pathology community. To gain a baseline understanding of DEI challenges and perceptions, an online survey was conducted in March 2024. 208 responses were collected and analyzed alongside feedback from interactive DEI sessions at the annual congress (2024, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Spain). The results indicated a predominantly female respondent group (66%), an overrepresentation of experienced pathologists (58.7%), and limited ethnic diversity, with 85.6% identifying as White/Caucasian. Key DEI challenges included workplace discrimination, financial disparities in residency programs, language barriers for non-native English speakers, limited neurodiversity accommodations, and a lack of LGBTQIA+ inclusivity. In response, the DEITF has developed a comprehensive set of recommendations outlining actionable strategies for ESVP/ECVP, training centers, and event organizers. These efforts focus on gender identity recognition, neurodiversity and accessibility, and residency experience improvements. Additionally, the DEITF is committed to implementing regular DEI-focused education, workshops, and policy recommendations. Future goals include the development of mentorship programs, the implementation of recommendations for equitable accessibility to professional opportunities, the establishment of DEI-focused scholarships, the integration of inclusive curricula, and advocacy for structural changes within training centers and professional societies to promote standardized policies supporting underrepresented groups. The DEITF actively welcomes collaboration and input from other DEI-focused groups within the field, emphasizing the importance of proactive engagement in fostering a more inclusive, diverse, and supportive veterinary pathology profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the KOWA SL-19 Plus Portable Slit Lamp With Integrated Digital Camera for Veterinary Ophthalmic Imaging: A Comparative Study With Smartphone-Based Systems.","authors":"Bertrand Michaud","doi":"10.1111/vop.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compares the performance of the KOWA SL-19 Plus portable slit lamp, equipped with an integrated digital camera, and a smartphone-based imaging system adapted to fit on the slit lamp eyepiece for veterinary ophthalmic imaging. Both devices were tested for their efficiency, image quality, and diagnostic utility in clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>A total of 20 eyes from 13 animals (7 dogs and 6 cats), presenting various ophthalmic conditions, were examined using both devices.</p><p><strong>Procedure(s): </strong>During the ophthalmic examination, videos were captured using both the KOWA SL-19 Plus and the smartphone-based system, then the best picture was extracted. Extraction time was measured. Thirty-nine board-certified ophthalmologists evaluated the images together, focusing on image quality and diagnostic value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The KOWA SL-19 Plus outperformed the smartphone-based system in all categories. The mean extraction time for the KOWA SL-19 Plus was significantly faster (65.47 s) than for the smartphone system (115.50 s, p < 0.000001). Image quality was higher for the KOWA SL-19 Plus (3.80 vs. 2.98 over 5, p < 0.000001), and 85.7% of the images were deemed sufficient for diagnostic purposes, compared to 67.9% for the smartphone-based system (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The KOWA SL-19 Plus is a valuable tool for veterinary ophthalmic imaging, offering superior image quality and faster processing times compared to the smartphone-based system. It presents a promising step forward for both clinical diagnostics and educational purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Genia R Bercovitz, Emily A Janik, Koichi Nagata, Kathryn A Diehl
{"title":"Extranodal Lymphoma With Adnexal and Suspected Intracranial Involvement in a Dog.","authors":"Genia R Bercovitz, Emily A Janik, Koichi Nagata, Kathryn A Diehl","doi":"10.1111/vop.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of an unusual presentation of extranodal lymphoma in a dog.</p><p><strong>Animal studied: </strong>An eleven-year-old female spayed mixed breed dog presented to the UGA Ophthalmology Service for evaluation of a large, rapidly growing, right upper eyelid and medial canthal mass. The mass measured 2.2 cm in diameter and compressed the anterior chamber. The remainder of the right eye and the left eyelids and eye were normal. Approximately 1 month prior, the patient underwent radiation therapy for treatment of a brain mass in the piriform lobe, suspected to be a glioma.</p><p><strong>Treatment and progression: </strong>Biopsy of the adnexal mass revealed large B-cell lymphoma. A repeat brain MRI revealed resolution of the previously diagnosed mass. Enucleation (with wide upper eyelid margins) for comfort and definitive diagnosis was originally planned. However, a new left lower eyelid mass developed, and the right eyelid mass continued to grow. Treatment assuming large B-cell nonepitheliotropic adnexal lymphoma with potential intracranial involvement was initiated via a modified CHOP-15 chemotherapy protocol. The eyelid masses decreased in size within the first week and resolved within 3 weeks of treatment. Despite an initial positive response to chemotherapy, new cutaneous masses developed 3 months after initial diagnosis; the patient's quality of life declined, and euthanasia without necropsy was elected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diagnosis of adnexal lymphoma in this patient prompted reevaluation of previously diagnosed intracranial disease and directed alternative systemic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew C Lewin, Caroline Rose, Xiaojuan Zhu, Paul E Miller
{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Tonometer Correction Formulae to Determine True Normal Intraocular Pressures Across a Diverse Range of Species.","authors":"Andrew C Lewin, Caroline Rose, Xiaojuan Zhu, Paul E Miller","doi":"10.1111/vop.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To utilize previously published tonometer correction formulae to investigate whether true intraocular pressure (IOP) is relatively conserved across a diverse range of vertebrate species.</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>Tonometer correction formulae for 21 species.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>A literature search was performed to identify prior studies containing correction formulae for non-invasive tonometers used in normal animal and human subjects. In all cases, direct manometry was compared to non-invasive tonometry values. Where necessary, multiple correction regression formulae were combined to generate a single representative formula using a meta-analysis generic inverse variance method. A subsequent literature search was then performed to collect uncorrected IOP values of normal animals and humans using a variety of non-invasive tonometers. These IOP values were then corrected using the relevant correction formula.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-five tonometer correction formulae and 104 studies containing IOP values in normal animals and humans acquired using non-invasive tonometry met the inclusion criteria. Corrected IOP values were calculated for 21 species using 13 types of non-invasive tonometers. Overall corrected and uncorrected mean IOP values were typically within a range of 10 to 25 mmHg (corrected: 16/21 species, uncorrected: 14/21 species). Differences between overall mean corrected and uncorrected IOP values ranged from 0.2 to 15.3 mmHg with an average of 6.1 mmHg difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>True normal IOP is relatively conserved across a diverse range of vertebrate species despite uncorrected values from individual tonometers suggesting otherwise. Maintaining true IOP between 10 and 25 mmHg appears to be important in ocular physiology in many vertebrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcella Rosa Filezio, Ivan R M Pádua, Gabriela Madruga, Fanchimery Fachini, Daniela Moura Dos Santos, Karina E H Bueno, José Luiz Laus, Paola Castro Moraes
{"title":"Effects of Rock Inhibitor (Y-27632) on the Corneal Endothelium in Dogs Undergoing Phacoemulsification: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Marcella Rosa Filezio, Ivan R M Pádua, Gabriela Madruga, Fanchimery Fachini, Daniela Moura Dos Santos, Karina E H Bueno, José Luiz Laus, Paola Castro Moraes","doi":"10.1111/vop.13325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.13325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cataract is one of the most common ocular conditions in dogs, and phacoemulsification is the preferred therapeutic method among ophthalmologists. Of all postoperative complications, endothelial injuries stand out, potentially leading to permanent corneal decompensation and loss of transparency. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) on endothelial protection in dogs undergoing phacoemulsification. Twenty eyes of 10 dogs with bilateral senile cataracts were divided into two groups: Control Eyes (CE) (n = 10), which received balanced saline solution (BSS), and Treated Eyes (TE) (n = 10), which received 0.3 mL of intracameral Y-27632 at a concentration of 100 μmol/L immediately after corneal suturing. The corneal endothelium was evaluated through non-contact specular microscopy before and at different time points after phacoemulsification. We analyzed endothelial cell density (cells/mm<sup>2</sup>) and cell area (μm<sup>2</sup>), corneal thickness (mm), hexagonality (%), and coefficient of variation of cell size (%). P values equal to or < 0.05 were considered significant. Both groups showed a loss of endothelial cell density without statistical difference. Regarding corneal thickness and hexagonality, there was no difference. In the CE group, the cell area increased significantly between the evaluated time points, which was not observed in the TE group. It is assumed that the intracameral application of 0.3 mL containing 100 μmol/L of Y-27632 during phacoemulsification in dogs contributes to the stability of corneal endothelial cells, reducing their loss (7.4%), although no significant decrease in cell loss was observed compared to its non-use (11.8%).</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donghee Kim, Sang-Eun Park, Haerin Yoon, Jiyi Hwang, Ji Seung Jung, Soohyun Kim, Kyung-Mee Park
{"title":"Intraocular Pressure Increase Induced by 0.5% Tropicamide-0.5% Phenylephrine in Dogs: An Analysis of Causes Using Ultrasound Biomicroscopy.","authors":"Donghee Kim, Sang-Eun Park, Haerin Yoon, Jiyi Hwang, Ji Seung Jung, Soohyun Kim, Kyung-Mee Park","doi":"10.1111/vop.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine whether the differences in intraocular pressure (IOP) change after the topical application of 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine (TP) are due to anatomical variations in the anterior chamber using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective clinical data from 27 eyes of 14 dogs with normal eye conditions were analyzed. IOP and UBM measurements were taken before and 30 min after administering a topical TP. Dogs were categorized into two groups based on an IOP increase criterion of 4 mmHg: the high group and the stable group. Parameters measured included the iridocorneal angle (ICA), angle-opening distance (AOD), ciliary cleft width (CCW), length (CCL), area (CCA), ciliary body axial length (CBAXL), and ciliary process-sclera angle (CPSA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed a statistically significant decrease in ICA and an increase in AOD. However, in the stable group, CPSA increased, CBAXL decreased, and CCA increased, whereas in the high group, CPSA and CBAXL did not change significantly, and CCA decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the stable group, although the pupil dilated, the ciliary body relaxed, leading to an increase in the CCA. Conversely, in the high group, the pupil dilated, and the ciliary body remained unrelaxed, resulting in a reduction in the CCA. These iridociliary changes with pupil dilation increase the risk of elevated IOP. Therefore, an increase in IOP following TP administration may serve as a prognostic indicator for possible glaucoma risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andressa Lopes Grego, Wanderlei de Moraes, Bret A Moore, André T Somma, Thiago Alegre Coelho Ferreira, Ana Carolina Veiga Rodarte-Almeida, Arianne Pontes Oriá, Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira
{"title":"The Eye of the Largest Forest Raptor, the Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja): Morphologic Observations and Reference Values for Selected Ophthalmic Tests.","authors":"Andressa Lopes Grego, Wanderlei de Moraes, Bret A Moore, André T Somma, Thiago Alegre Coelho Ferreira, Ana Carolina Veiga Rodarte-Almeida, Arianne Pontes Oriá, Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira","doi":"10.1111/vop.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To carry out a descriptive investigation of the most relevant morphological features of the harpy eagle eye and to provide normative data for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests.</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>Twenty-nine clinically normal harpy eagles (Harpia harpyja).</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Selected morphological ocular observations were made in live animals under physical restraint: Schirmer tear test (STT), culture of normal conjunctival flora, slit lamp biomicroscopic examination of adnexa and anterior segment, rebound tonometry, applanation tonometry, central corneal thickness (CCT), palpebral fissure length (PFL), B-mode ultrasound, and ocular biometry. Eyelid histology was evaluated from previously deceased individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>STT type I 17.48 ± 5.476 mm/min; Rebound tonometry 14.00 IQR 4.00 mmHg; Applanation tonometry 15.00 IQR 6.00 mmHg; CCT 0.563 ± 0.041 mm; PFL 26.42 ± 2.13 mm; Axial globe length 29.43 IQR 0.42 mm; Anterior chamber depth 5.00 IQR 0.22 mm; Axial length of the lens 6.60 IQR 0.97 mm; Vitreous chamber depth 16.50 IQR 0.80 mm, and pecten length 8.80 IQR 1.47 mm. The conjunctiva of the lower eyelid has a distinct cartilaginous plate adjacent to the conjunctival epithelium. The most frequent conjunctival bacterial isolates were E. coli (32.76%) followed by Enterobacter spp. (15.52%) and Streptococcus spp. (10.34%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reference data and morphologic observations obtained in this investigation might aid in the understanding and diagnosis of eye diseases in harpy eagles and improve the clinical management of ocular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dikla Arad, Ella Margot Mordechai, Yulia Goncharov, Ron Ofri, Lionel Sebbag
{"title":"Enhanced Tear Film Concentrations of Cefazolin and Chloramphenicol Using Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid in Canine Eyes.","authors":"Dikla Arad, Ella Margot Mordechai, Yulia Goncharov, Ron Ofri, Lionel Sebbag","doi":"10.1111/vop.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of two excipients, 1.4% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and 0.75% cross-linked hyaluronic acid (XHA), on tear film concentrations of cefazolin and chloramphenicol.</p><p><strong>Animals studied: </strong>Ten ophthalmologically healthy dogs.</p><p><strong>Procedures: </strong>Cefazolin and chloramphenicol were compounded into 5.5% and 0.5% solutions, respectively, using either 1.4% PVA or 0.75% XHA. In the first trial, each dog received cefazolin-PVA in one randomly assigned eye and cefazolin-XHA in the contralateral eye. One month later, the experiment was repeated using chloramphenicol formulations. Tear fluid was sampled at 0, 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, and 480 min following eyedrop administration using 2 μL capillary tubes. Tear concentrations of cefazolin and chloramphenicol were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tear film concentrations of cefazolin and chloramphenicol were significantly higher with XHA compared to PVA at all time points (p ≤ 0.020), except for baseline (both antibiotics), times 1 min, 60 min, and 120 min for cefazolin. The tear film kinetics exhibited a biphasic pattern, with drug levels decreasing from 0 to 120 min, then slightly increasing between 120 and 360 min before declining again until 480 min. The area under the time-concentration curve (AUC<sub>0-480</sub>) was significantly greater with XHA versus PVA formulations (p = 0.002), with a median 2.4 and 4.2 times higher for cefazolin and chloramphenicol, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The cross-linked hyaluronic acid significantly enhanced the retention and overall exposure of both cefazolin and chloramphenicol in the canine tear film. These findings suggest that XHA could serve as a superior delivery vehicle for ocular antibiotics, potentially improving treatment outcomes for ophthalmic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niklas Holz, José Suárez, Udo Hetzel, Antonella Rampazzo, Riccardo Stoppini
{"title":"Mycotic Sphenopalatine Sinusitis With Concurrent Compression of the Optic Nerves and Chiasm and Severe Visual Impairment in A Horse.","authors":"Niklas Holz, José Suárez, Udo Hetzel, Antonella Rampazzo, Riccardo Stoppini","doi":"10.1111/vop.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/vop.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 15-year-old Swiss Warmblood gelding was presented to the ophthalmology service of Zurich University due to severe visual impairment. Ophthalmic and neurologic examinations were performed, raising suspicion of post-retinal blindness. Standing contrast computed tomography (CT) of the head revealed a partially calcified, soft tissue attenuating mass in the sphenopalatine sinus with concurrent compression of the optic nerves and chiasm. Differential diagnosis included neoplasia and granulomatous disease. The horse was euthanized, and the head was subsequently examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by gross and histopathology. MRI showed compression of the optic nerves and chiasm. Histopathology revealed the formation of fibrous granulation tissue, osseous metaplasia, and pyogranulomatous inflammation in the sphenopalatine sinus. Periodic acid-Schiff reaction and Grocott silver staining demonstrated branching septated filament hyphae and fungal spores. The optic nerves and chiasm were evident of mild neuronal atrophy, showing mild gliosis, vacuolation, and mild lympho-plasmacytic inflammation. Mycotic sphenopalatine sinusitis should be considered as a more specific diagnosis for post-retinal blindness in horses due to the compression of the optic nerve(s) and chiasm.</p>","PeriodicalId":23836,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}