World Journal of Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Predictors of life-threatening events in adult patients with left ventricular noncompaction.","authors":"Olga V Blagova, Nadezhda V Varionchik, Ekaterina V Pavlenko, Vsevolod P Sedov, Yulia A Lutokhina","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112126","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a genetic cardiomyopathy. It is characterized by intensely developed trabeculae in the ventricles with deep intertrabecular lacunae. LVNC manifests as arrhythmias and heart failure with a predisposition for thrombus formation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study predictors of arrhythmic, thromboembolic events and adverse outcomes (death/transplantation) in adult patients with LVNC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult patients with LVNC were included (<i>n</i> = 125; mean follow-up: 14 months). Electrocardiography, echocardiography, and 24-hour electrocardiography monitoring were performed. Other procedures were conducted for some patients including: Coronary angiography; cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; cardiac computed tomography; genetic testing; myocardial pathological examination; and anti-cardiac antibody level estimation. Primary endpoints were death, heart transplantation, combined endpoint (death + transplantation), and sudden cardiac death. Secondary endpoints were intracardiac thrombosis, embolic events, myocardial infarction, sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LVNC manifestations included non-sustained VT, thrombosis/embolism, sustained VT, and sudden cardiac death. Non-sustained VT was associated with the New York Heart Association (NYHA) chronic heart failure (CHF) class, poor R-wave progression, superimposed myocarditis, and higher mortality. Thrombosis/embolism was associated with NYHA CHF class ≥ 3, right ventricular end-diastolic diameter ≥ 3 cm, right atrium volume ≥ 67 mL, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter ≥ 6.3 cm, and velocity time integral ≤ 11.2 cm. Sustained VT was associated with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), low QRS voltage, and atrioventricular block. PVCs > 500/day were predictive of defibrillator intervention. Fatal outcomes were associated with E wave/A wave ratio > 1.9, left ventricle ejection fraction < 35%, NYHA CHF class ≥ 3, VT, and myocarditis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Frequent PVCs, non-sustained VT, low QRS voltage, and signs of systolic dysfunction on echocardiogram are predictors of life-threatening events in patients with LVNC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"112126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics-based investigation of the protective effect and mechanism of Agari-5 in rats with myocardial infarction.","authors":"Yu-Bao Zhao, Zhi-Hong Bao, Ya Tu, Xia Qiu, Yin-Lan Bao, Min Su, Hai-Jun Qi, Quan Wan","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112062","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial infarction (MI) occupies a very high mortality and morbidity rate, and the search for effective pharmacological treatments has far-reaching implications for clinical research.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the protective effects of Mongolian medicine Agari-5 on rats with MI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and both the Agari-5 and model groups had their coronary arteries clamped to induce MI. Proteomics was used to research the potential mechanism of action while ELISA, hematoxylin and eosin, and Masson's staining were used to preliminarily investigate the protective impact of Agari-5 on rats with MI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The current study has shown that Agari-5 might enhance cardiac function indicators, including echocardiography results of rats and creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, and lactate dehydrogenase, in rats that had MI. According to the results of pathological staining, Agari-5 may lessen inflammatory cell infiltration and cardiomyocyte fibrosis, among other things. The proteome analysis revealed that there were 60 distinct proteins in total, four of which were associated with the heart. The expression of PSAT1, PDK1, SMAD4, and SDF2 proteins may be linked to the mechanism of their protective effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Potential therapeutic effects of Agari-5 for MI and its mechanism of action may be related to PSAT1, PDK1, SMAD4, and SDF2.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"112062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145889716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Point-of-care ultrasound: Uniting cardiology and nephrology at the bedside.","authors":"Nikitha C Chandra, Deepti Bhattacharya, Abhilash Koratala","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112047","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiorenal syndrome reflects a complex interplay between cardiac and renal dysfunction, often compounded by fragmented management between cardiology and nephrology. Traditional phrases such as \"the heart likes it dry and the kidneys like it wet\" oversimplify care and perpetuate misconceptions about diuretic use and fluid management. Emerging evidence points to venous congestion rather than reduced cardiac output as a key driver of worsening renal function and adverse outcomes in heart failure. This article blends current evidence with the authors' perspective and clinical experience to explore the role of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in the hemodynamic assessment of cardiorenal dysfunction, highlighting practical frameworks and tools. Conventional bedside assessment tools are limited, and static markers such as serum creatinine and physical signs can be misleading. POCUS provides a dynamic, physiology-based evaluation by integrating focused cardiac imaging, venous Doppler, lung ultrasound, and abdominal views. Frameworks such as \"pump, pipes, and leaks\" and scoring systems like venous excess ultrasound enable real-time visualization and quantification of congestion, shifting practice from assumption-based to data-driven care and fostering alignment between specialties. As training opportunities expand and supporting evidence grows, POCUS should be regarded as a core clinical skill in the management of cardiorenal dysfunction, with the potential to improve diagnostic precision and guide targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"112047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and cardiovascular disease: A narrative review.","authors":"Joseph Mercola","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.110861","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.110861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide despite major advances in prevention and treatment. The odd-chain saturated fatty acid pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), primarily obtained from dairy fat, has been associated with cardiometabolic benefits. To summarize recent advances in understanding the role of pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) in CVD biology and risk, and to identify knowledge gaps and future research priorities. A narrative review was conducted, drawing on 115 PubMed-indexed studies on odd-chain fatty acids (OCFAs) and cardiovascular outcomes, as well as illustrative mechanistic studies of C15:0. This narrative review synthesized evidence from approximately 115 PubMed-indexed studies on OCFAs and cardiovascular outcomes, along with mechanistic studies of C15:0, identified through targeted searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2000 through May 2025.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"110861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of bare metal stent-assisted endovascular repair in upper extremity arterial trauma.","authors":"Zhong Chen, Jin Shi, Hao Sun, Xi-Quan Zhang","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.107338","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.107338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limb arterial trauma is a common yet clinically challenging condition often encountered in trauma surgery emergencies. Early accurate diagnosis and effective repair are crucial for patient survival and functional recovery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To report a brand new technique to promote the recovery of limb arterial trauma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively analyzed data from patients treated for limb arterial trauma at our hospital between 2014 and 2023. A total of 79 patients met the inclusion criteria, including 56 males and 23 females, with an average age of 45 years. All patients underwent surgical repair methods like bare metal support arterial reconstruction. Follow-up evaluations were conducted for at least 36 months postoperatively, documenting surgical outcomes and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Building upon the \"end-to-end anastomosis\" technique, establishing a \"working track\" for the two severed ends of the vessel provides crucial technical support for subsequent intravascular stent alignment. Simultaneously, the implantation of bare metal stents (BMS) not only enhances the strength of the connection between severed arteries but also reduces the stent lumen's effective diameter by overlapping, thereby minimizing opportunities for intra-stent blood flow attachment and lowering stent thrombosis formation. This approach maximizes the preservation of arterial supply to organs and essential vascular branches, utilizing intravascular intervention techniques to restore the original anatomical stat. The study revealed that patients with BMS graft achieved more successful limb function recovery postoperatively, compared with patients receiving another surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bare metal stent support arterial reconstruction could significantly improve upper limb arterial trauma to improve patient quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"107338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of ivabradine in heart rate reduction after cardiac transplantation: Systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Faizan Ahmed, Ramsha Ali, Faseeh Haider, Haider Hussain Shah, Kanza Farhan, Kainat Jahangir, Madiha Kiyani, Muhammad Saad Khan, Zaima Afzaal, Shayan Iqbal Khan, Muhammad Abdullah Nizam, Muhammad Usman, Najam Gohar, Mushood Ahmed, Tehmasp Rehman Mirza, Yasar Sattar, Amro Taha, Jesus Almendral, Fawaz Alenezi","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.113820","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.113820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persistent sinus tachycardia affects up to 40% of patients after heart transplantation and is linked with graft dysfunction, impaired diastolic filling, and increased morbidity. Conventional rate-limiting therapies such as beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers are quite often contraindicated due to risks of bradyarrhythmia or hypotension. Ivabradine, a selective I(f) channel inhibitor, reduces heart rate (HR) without negative inotropic or hypotensive effects.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ivabradine in heart transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted from inception to April 15, 2025. Eligible studies evaluated ivabradine in heart transplant recipient <i>vs</i> placebo or metoprolol, reporting HR, mortality, left ventricular mass (LVM), or safety. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers, and quality was assessed. Review Manager 5.4 performed pooled analyses using random-effects models. Mean differences (MD) or standardized MD (SMD) were calculated for continuous outcomes, and risk ratios for dichotomous outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 415 records identified, four studies comprising 264 patients (126 ivabradine, 138 control) met the inclusion criteria. Ivabradine significantly reduced resting HR compared with controls (MD = -11.06 beats per minute; 95%CI: -19.50 to -2.62; <i>P</i> < 0.00001; <i>I</i> ² = 93%). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated consistent findings (SMD = -6.74; 95%CI: -9.23 to -4.24; <i>I</i> ² = 0%). No significant difference in all-cause mortality was observed (MD = 0.52; 95%CI: 0.17-1.64; <i>P</i> = 0.27; <i>I</i> ² = 85%). Pooled analysis of LVM revealed no significant effect of ivabradine (MD = -3.57 g; 95%CI: -29.21 to 22.08; <i>P</i> = 0.79; <i>I</i> ² = 73%), with sensitivity analysis confirming neutrality. Adverse events were rare and mostly comparable between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ivabradine reduces HR effectively in heart transplant recipients without added adverse outcomes, supporting its use as safe and well-tolerated alternative when conventional agents are unsuitable. Despite potential clinical benefit, small sample size and heterogeneity the need for larger randomized trials to confirm long-term outcomes and establish ivabradine's role in post-transplant care.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"113820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trends in characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valve repair.","authors":"Rasha Kaddoura, Zainab Dakhil, Daoud Al-Badriyeh, Dina Abushanab, Ihsan Rafie, Mohammed Al-Hijji","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.110450","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.110450","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Observational studies reported characteristics and outcomes of patients with secondary mitral valve regurgitation (MR) who underwent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve. No study investigated the temporal trend of patient characteristics and outcomes in comparison with the published randomized trials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the temporal trend in baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients with secondary MR who underwent transcatheter edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve in the real world compared with those from the published landmark trials.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases, and the identified observational studies were divided into two five-year recruitment periods. The first period included 36 studies that enrolled patients between 2008 and 2012, and the second period included 25 studies that recruited patients between 2013 and 2017-2018. Pooled variables of each five-year recruitment period were compared with those of the landmark trials. A random-effects model was used for statistical comparisons. RStudio and RevMan software were used for the analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Overall, there were no major variations in the findings between the first and the second five-year recruitment periods. EVEREST program &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; observational studies: Patients in the EVEREST program were more likely to have non-ischemic MR etiology [odds ratio (OR) = 3.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.92-4.42] and atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.71, 95%CI: 1.42-2.06). They were less likely to receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.58-0.90) and implantable cardiac device (OR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.33-0.49) as well as less likely to be symptomatic at hospital presentation without a difference in MR grade ≤ 2+ or mortality at 12-month follow-up. COAPT trial &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; observational studies: COAPT patients were more likely to have prior myocardial infarction (OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.27-2.06) and renal insufficiency (OR = 2.66, 95%CI: 2.05-3.45). They were more likely to receive beta-blockers (OR = 2.54, 95%CI: 1.68-3.85) and an implanted cardiac device (OR = 2.20, 95%CI: 1.71-2.84). There was no difference in procedure success or mortality. MITRA-FR trial &lt;i&gt;vs&lt;/i&gt; observational studies: MITRA-FR patients were less likely to have atrial fibrillation (OR = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.34-0.69) and renal insufficiency (OR = 0.18, 95%CI: 0.11-0.28) but more likely to have a history of myocardial infarction (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.06-2.05) and to receive diuretics (OR = 19.81, 95%CI: 2.75-142.48) and implantable cardiac devices (OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.21-2.37). At hospital presentation, they were less likely to be symptomatic (OR = 0.25, 95%CI: 0.18-0.35) without a difference in MR grades 3+ and 4+. There was no difference in terms of MR grade or mortality a","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"110450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145889942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bleeding prediction by rotational thromboelastometry in chronic hemodialysis patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation on apixaban.","authors":"Dimitra Bacharaki, Elias Kyriakou, Aggeliki Sardeli, Petros Nikolopoulos, George Triantaphyllis, Athina Drakou, Fotis Makris, Eleni Spanou, Eleni Triantou, Emmanouel Haviaras, Alexandra Fatourou, Aristarchos Poulis, Argyrios Tsantes, John Kyriazis, Sophia Lionaki","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112046","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of apixaban in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients for non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is still controversial regarding benefit of stroke protection <i>vs</i> risk of bleeding. Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) is a point of care method that evaluates clot formation in whole blood and has been used as an evaluation tool for bleeding risk assessment in non-HD apixaban users.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine whether bleeding risk can be predicted using ROTEM activated with tissue factor (EXTEM) in HD patients receiving apixaban for NVAF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen HD patients with NVAF treated with apixaban for at least 8 days were enrolled. Four dosing regimens were recorded as prescribed by their physician, from 2.5 mg once daily on a non-dialysis day to 5 mg twice daily. Standard coagulation tests, along with ROTEM and apixaban drug levels (using liquid anti-Xa assay) were performed once on a non-dialysis day before and two hours after apixaban morning pill administration. Patients were subsequently monitored for thrombotic/bleeding events and all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up period of 36 months, six patients experienced a bleeding event (group A) and 13 remained free of bleeding (group B). Six deaths were recorded: Three due to major bleeding, one from thrombotic stroke, and two unrelated to coagulopathy. EXTEM clotting time (CT)-post was the only parameter that significantly differed between group A and group B (<i>P</i> = 0.013). Each 1-second increase in CT-post was linked to an 8% higher likelihood of a bleeding event (odds ratio = 1.08, 95% confidence interval: 1.0-1.17; <i>P</i> = 0.048). A significant progressive increase was observed with the drug's trough and peak levels (<i>P</i> < 0.05) across the four dosing regimens but no significant relationship was found between CT and apixaban dose groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early detection of bleeding risk in HD patients with NVAF on Apixaban maybe be effectively achieved through frequent monitoring using ROTEM EXTEM post CT, thereby helping to reduce associated morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"112046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac sarcoidosis with a twist - active and fibrotic sarcoid with antiphospholipid positivity: A case report.","authors":"Sujoy Khasnavis, Sakul Sakul, Marko Novakovic, Paulus Adinugraha, Davendra Mehta","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112389","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.112389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is an infiltrative disease with manifestations such as non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) and heart failure (HF). Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and antiphospholipid positivity (APP) are prothrombotic phenomena which elevate risk for thromboembolism. CS with active systemic sarcoid and APS/APP is a rare combination of diseases.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 54 year old male with HF presented with several cardiopulmonary symptoms. Chest imaging showed bilateral patchy and reticulonodular infiltrates. Subsequent lung biopsy confirmed pulmonary sarcoidosis. Positron emission tomography revealed active systemic sarcoidosis (SS) and fibrotic CS. Positive antiphospholipid antibodies without thromboembolism confirmed APP. HF and APP were managed with medical therapy. Fibrotic CS and NSVT required permanent cardiac device and antiarrhythmic therapy. SS was managed with early taper of steroids and transition to biologics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fibrotic CS with active SS and APS/APP has not been previously described in literature. This case utilized a modified approach for the management of this combination of diseases. As immunosuppressants such as steroids have limited utility in fibrotic sarcoidosis and a potential for thromboembolic complications in the presence of APP, an accelerated transition to non-thrombotic immunosuppressants can be advantageous in the long term treatment of this combination of diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"112389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reimagining risk stratification: Dipeptidyl peptidase 3 in the new era of cardiovascular biomarkers.","authors":"Davide Ramoni, Luca Liberale, Federico Carbone, Fabrizio Montecucco","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.113443","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v17.i12.113443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid evolution of cardiovascular (CV) research demands innovative strategies to enhance risk stratification, diagnosis, and management. While traditional biomarkers, such as natriuretic peptides and troponins, remain essential, they often fall short due to suboptimal sensitivity and specificity, particularly in complex or early-stage cases. Emerging biomarkers are central to advancing personalized medicine by enabling earlier, more accurate detection of CV diseases and enhancing predictive algorithms, including those powered by artificial intelligence and machine learning. Among these novel biomarkers, dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP3) has recently garnered attention as a highly specific indicator of cardiogenic shock, offering both prognostic value and therapeutic target potential. Released during cellular stress, circulating DPP3 (cDPP3) plays a mechanistic role in myocardial depression and blood pressure regulation, positioning it as a compelling candidate for inclusion in multi-marker panels. Its integration into predictive models could further refine therapeutic decision-making and patient stratification in acute cardiac care. This editorial discusses the clinical value of incorporating cDPP3 into CV biomarker research and advocates its inclusion in next-generation predictive algorithms and real-time decision-support tools. Continued exploration of such biomarkers may enable tailored interventions and improve outcomes in complex CV cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":"17 12","pages":"113443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12754065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}