Water Resources Research最新文献

{"title":"Reachability of a Soil Phosphorus Target That Satisfies Agricultural Production and Water Quality Goals","authors":"Kevin Wallington, Ximing Cai, Dušan Stipanović","doi":"10.1029/2024wr037714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr037714","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus fertilization has supported remarkable improvements in agricultural productivity but also degraded water quality. Watershed simulation models have been broadly instrumental to crafting phosphorus management responses. However, simulation-based studies rely on predesigned watershed scenarios (e.g., initial conditions and management actions) and are blind to outcomes that might only emerge from unseen scenarios. Meanwhile, efforts to restore water quality have routinely failed. In contrast to simulation-based methods, here we implement optimal control and reachability methods that describe watershed phosphorus trajectories for <i>any</i> initial condition and fertilizer strategy. The trade-off is that these new methods require simplification of the system's dynamics. For a two-pool phosphorus model, we define a dual management target where (a) plant-available phosphorus satisfies crop demand but (b) total phosphorus losses meet water quality goals. From this target, we compute backwards-reachable sets that indicate the minimum time in which the target can be reached from all initial conditions. For a typical watershed in the U.S. corn belt, we find that it will take at least 42 years to reach the joint agricultural and water quality target. We show that the optimal (time-minimizing) fertilizer rate strategy drives a roundabout trajectory toward the target where soil phosphorus violates the crop demand threshold during the interim time. However, we find that even small, short-term agricultural sacrifices can profoundly hasten progress toward the long-term, joint target of agricultural productivity and water quality. These results and methods complement traditional simulation-based studies and provide watershed managers with a richer characterization of uncertainty and management options.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport of Fe-Based Nanoparticles in Porous Media Facilitated by Xanthan Gum: Non-Monotonic Relation Between Transport Efficiency and Flow Velocity","authors":"Guansheng Liu, Lili Huo, Yongming Wu, Zhibing Yang, Jiacheng Xia, Hua Zhong","doi":"10.1029/2024wr039225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr039225","url":null,"abstract":"The transport of Fe-based nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) in porous media is of vital importance for application of Fe-NPs in groundwater remediation, yet their low mobility remains an open question. Here, we conducted column and microfluidic transport experiments combined with rheology experiments and model simulations to investigate the effect of xanthan gum (XG) on the transport of two types of Fe-NPs (nanoparticles of Fe₃O₄ (<i>n</i>Fe₃O₄) and zero-valent iron (<i>n</i>ZVI)) in quartz sand at different input concentrations and flow velocities. We observed that the rheological modification of water by XG significantly enhanced the transport of both Fe-NPs, and the transport of <i>n</i>ZVI was better than that of <i>n</i>Fe₃O₄. With the increase of input concentration of Fe-NPs, the transport of <i>n</i>ZVI slightly declined, whereas the transport of <i>n</i>Fe₃O₄ initially increased and then decreased. The different responses of transport of <i>n</i>Fe₃O₄ and <i>n</i>ZVI to input concentrations were attributed to the unique shear-thinning rheological properties of XG suspensions with each type of Fe-NPs. We observed a novel non-monotonic relation between transport efficiency and flow velocity, where the transport of both Fe-NPs initially weakened and then enhanced as pore-water velocity rose within a certain range. We demonstrated that the formation of a non-flowing layer of XG on the surface of the porous medium was identified as the mechanism responsible for the non-monotonic transport behavior. These findings provide new insights into transport behavior of Fe-NPs in porous media under the rheological remediation of XG, and have practical implications for application of Fe-NPs in groundwater remediation.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrologic Regime Determines Catchment-Scale Dissolved Carbon Export Patterns","authors":"Xiao Li, Jian Wang, Wei Yin, Jianfeng Xu, Haibing Xiao, Hongying Zhao, Yongyong Shi, Lei Wang, Rui Hao, Haiyan Li, Yiming Huang, Hai Jiang, Zhihua Shi","doi":"10.1029/2024wr038221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr038221","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrologic regimes are affecting terrestrial carbon transformation, chemical weathering and lateral transport. However, its impacts on dissolved carbon export patterns remains elusive. In this study, we collected a 2-year high-frequency dissolved inorganic (DIC) and organic carbon (DOC) dataset, namely a wet year (Rainfall = 1,158 mm) and a dry year (Rainfall = 603 mm). The results showed that drought led to a significant decrease in dissolved carbon concentration and discharge during the monitoring period. During non-storm periods, DIC and DOC shifted from dilution and chemostatic to enrichment patterns from wet to dry years, respectively. However, the export patterns were reversed during storm periods. DIC and DOC export patterns in wet year were dominated by dilution and chemostatic, respectively, while both patterns were dominated by dilution in dry year. Structural equation models revealed that the aridity index and temperature may affect dissolved carbon export patterns. We further classified storm events into three major types and conceptualized catchment-scale transport mechanisms for dissolved carbon. Dry-AMCs events result in DIC dilution and DOC chemostatic behavior, whereas Wet-AMCs events result in DIC chemostatic and DOC enrichment behavior due to increased hydrological connectivity. The third type corresponds to extreme events, where larger overland flow often results in DIC dilution but DOC enrichment behavior. These findings reveal the predominant role of drought in altering carbon lateral export by decreasing concentrations and fluxes and modifying export patterns.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"214 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scale-Adaptive Urban Hydrologic Framework: Incorporating Network-Level Storm Drainage Pipes Representation","authors":"Taher Chegini, Hong-Yi Li, Y. C. Ethan Yang, Günter Blöschl, L. Ruby Leung","doi":"10.1029/2024wr037268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr037268","url":null,"abstract":"Below-ground urban stormwater networks (BUSNs) significantly influence urban flood dynamics, yet their representation at the watershed or larger scales remains challenging. We introduce a scalable urban hydrologic framework that centers on a novel network-level BUSN representation, balancing the needs for physical basis, parameter parsimony, and computational efficiency. Our framework conceptualizes an urban watershed into four interacting zones: hillslopes (natural), storm-sewersheds (urban), a sub-network channel (tributaries), and a main channel. We develop an innovative Graph Theory-based algorithm to derive network-level BUSN parameters from publicly available datasets, enabling efficient, scalable parameterization. We demonstrate this framework's applicability at nine representative watersheds in the Houston metropolitan region, USA, with urban imperviousness ranging from 0% to 64% and drainage areas ranging from 24 to 302 &lt;span data-altimg=\"/cms/asset/f8098d9f-2fef-4d0b-b240-71bd84956619/wrcr70008-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;mjx-container ctxtmenu_counter=\"128\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"&gt;&lt;mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\" location=\"graphic/wrcr70008-math-0001.png\"&gt;&lt;mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;mjx-mrow&gt;&lt;mjx-msup data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-speech=\"km Superscript 2\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mtext data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"text\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mtext&gt;&lt;mjx-script style=\"vertical-align: 0.421em;\"&gt;&lt;mjx-mn data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\" size=\"s\"&gt;&lt;mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-c&gt;&lt;/mjx-mn&gt;&lt;/mjx-script&gt;&lt;/mjx-msup&gt;&lt;/mjx-mrow&gt;&lt;/mjx-semantics&gt;&lt;/mjx-math&gt;&lt;mjx-assistive-mml display=\"inline\" unselectable=\"on\"&gt;&lt;math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00431397:media:wrcr70008:wrcr70008-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/wrcr70008-math-0001.png\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"&gt;&lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-children=\"0,1\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-speech=\"km Superscript 2\" data-semantic-type=\"superscript\"&gt;&lt;mtext data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"unknown\" data-semantic-type=\"text\"&gt;km&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mn data-semantic-=\"\" data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"normal\" data-semantic-parent=\"2\" data-semantic-role=\"integer\" data-semantic-type=\"number\"&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;${text{km}}^{2}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/mjx-assistive-mml&gt;&lt;/mjx-container&gt;. Our model achieves satisfying computational efficiency, completing hourly time step simulations for 18 years in less than 5 sec per ","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Streamflow Reanalysis Across the Conterminous US Leveraging Multiple Gridded Precipitation Data Sets","authors":"Ganesh R. Ghimire, Shih-Chieh Kao, Sudershan Gangrade","doi":"10.1029/2024wr038256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr038256","url":null,"abstract":"Streamflow observations, essential for various water resource applications, are often unavailable at critical locations in need. Although different models have been proposed to enhance streamflow predictability at ungauged locations, the challenge extends beyond model fidelity. Differences in meteorologic forcing data sets, precipitation in particular, can significantly affect the accuracy of hydrologic predictions. This challenge intensifies across regions characterized by diverse hydro-climatological and geographical conditions, such as in the conterminous US (CONUS) where a single precipitation product struggles to consistently replicate observed hydrographs, particularly peak flow dynamics. To enhance streamflow predictions, we utilize a VIC-RAPID hydrologic modeling framework driven by multiple commonly used meteorological forcing data sets, such as Daymet, PRISM, ST4, AORC, and their hybrids and create multiple sets of 40-year (1980–2019) hourly, daily, and monthly streamflow reanalysis, Dayflow Version 2, for 2.7 million river reaches across the CONUS. Most forcings lead to skillful streamflow performance, except for ST4 in the mountainous west, where severe radar blockage adversely affects the accuracy. The evaluation using over 6,000 hourly stream gauges shows that hourly AORC and ST4 lead to improved annual peak flow performance over Daymet—driven streamflow (Dayflow V1), particularly in smaller basins, highlighting the value of high temporal resolution forcings in hydrologic predictions. Compared with other benchmark data sets like National Water Model V3.0, AORC-driven VIC-RAPID exhibits improved regional streamflow performance, with comparable peak flow representation. We envision that multi-forcing streamflow reanalysis data can inform regions in need of forcing data enhancement, diagnose hydrologic model performance, and benefit diverse water resource applications.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefits of Calibrating a Global Hydrological Model for Regional Analyses of Flood and Drought Projections: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Basin","authors":"Fang Zhao, Ning Nie, Yang Liu, Congrui Yi, Luca Guillaumot, Yoshihide Wada, Peter Burek, Mikhail Smilovic, Katja Frieler, Matthias Buechner, Jacob Schewe, Simon N. Gosling","doi":"10.1029/2024wr037153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr037153","url":null,"abstract":"Uncalibrated global hydrological models are primarily used to inform projections of flood and drought changes under global warming and their impacts, but it remains unclear how model calibration might benefit these projections. Using the Yangtze River Basin as a case study, we compare projected changes in flood and drought frequencies and their impacts—area, population, and gross domestic product affected—at various warming levels, from uncalibrated and calibrated simulations with the Community Water Model. These projections are driven by 10 General Circulation Models (GCMs) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6, within the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project framework. Calibration significantly improves simulated discharge, yet the impact of calibration under climate change on projected increases in flood frequency and their associated impacts is minor, in contrast to its notable role in drought projections. We further quantify the relative contribution of GCMs, emission scenarios, and calibration approaches to the projected impacts, finding that GCMs primarily drive projected flood changes, while emission scenarios and calibration contribute more significantly to the variance in drought projections after 2050. The differing sensitivities to calibration are attributed to the dominance of extreme precipitation in flood generation and the influence of long-term evapotranspiration trends on drought occurrence. The findings imply that future projections of relative changes in flood frequency and risks based on uncalibrated hydrological models are likely still quite reliable for warm and humid regions. However, careful calibration and model improvement is crucial for enhancing the reliability of future drought impact assessments.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STREAM-Sat: A Novel Near-Realtime Quasi-Global Satellite-Only Ensemble Precipitation Dataset","authors":"Kaidi Peng, Daniel B. Wright, Yagmur Derin, Samantha H. Hartke, Zhe Li, Jackson Tan","doi":"10.1029/2023wr036756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036756","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite-based precipitation observations can provide near-global coverage with high spatiotemporal resolution in near-realtime. Their utility, however, is hindered by oftentimes large uncertainties that vary substantially in space and time. This problem is particularly pronounced in regions which lack dense ground-based measurements to quantify or reduce such uncertainty. Since this uncertainty is, by definition, a random process, probabilistic representations are needed to advance their operational application. Ensemble methods, in which uncertainty is depicted via multiple realizations of precipitation fields, have been widely used in numerical weather and climate prediction, but rarely in satellite contexts. Creating such an ensemble dataset is challenging due to the complexity of observational uncertainties and the scarcity of “ground truth” to characterize them. In this study, we attempt to resolve these two challenges and propose the first quasi-global (covering all continental land masses within 50°N-50°S) satellite-only ensemble precipitation dataset (STREAM-Sat), derived entirely from NASA's Integrated Multi-SatellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) and GPM's radar-radiometer combined precipitation product (2B-CMB). No ground-based measurements are used to generate STREAM-Sat, and it is suitable for near-realtime use without extending the 4-hr latency and 0.1°, 30-min spatiotemporal resolution of IMERG Early. We compare STREAM-Sat against several precipitation datasets, including global satellite-based, rain gage-based, atmospheric reanalysis, and merged products. While our proposed approach faces some limitations and is not universally superior to the comparison datasets in all respects, it does hold relative advantages due to its unique combination of accuracy, resolution, rainfall spatiotemporal structure, latency, and utility in hydrologic and hazard applications.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to ‘Comment on “A Modular Framework for Modeling Unsaturation Soil Hydraulic Properties Over the Full Moisture Range” by Tobias Weber, Wolfgang Durner, Thilo Streck, and Efstathios Diamantopoulos’","authors":"Tobias K. D. Weber, Thilo Streck, Efstathios Diamantopoulos","doi":"10.1029/2023wr036901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036901","url":null,"abstract":"In Weber et al. (2019), https://doi.org/10.1029/2018wr024584 (hereafter W19), modeling soil hydraulic properties (SHP) was systematically framed and presented in a didactic, carefully thought-out approach. In doing so, the authors coined the term SHP model system/model framework, acknowledging the decade old research on effective modeling of the SHP. At the heart of the model an integral was formulated that links non-capillary saturation to capillary saturation, based on any given saturation function for the capillary part. This approach sparked the interest by Peters and Iden (2021), https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028397 who wrote a comment. In this reply, we providing a detailed perspective on the comment and scrutinize the opinions by Peters and Iden (2021), https://doi.org/10.1029/2020wr028397. Additionally, we use the opportunity to clarify terminology with respect to the distinction between “non-capillary” and “capillary” pore spaces. Further, the Brunswick model system presented in W19 has been implemented in the HYDRUS software suite (Diamantopoulos et al., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20326).","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Discharge and Suspended Sediments in the Yangtze River Tidal Reach Using Coastal Acoustic Tomography","authors":"Cong Xiao, Ze-Nan Zhu, Chuanzheng Zhang, Xiao-Hua Zhu, Yun Long Ma, Zhao-Jun Liu, Li Xin Wei, Ji Wen Zhong, Rui Zeng, Yuan Feng Ding","doi":"10.1029/2024wr037763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024wr037763","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional methods of measuring water discharge and suspended sediment concentration (e.g., water sampling and moving acoustic Doppler current profiler [ADCP]) present challenges in large tidal rivers due to temporal and spatial constraints. This study introduces a novel approach to monitor water discharge and suspended sediment discharge (SSD) in large tidal rivers. Total water discharge and SSD exhibit notable variability in tidal rivers due to the river–tidal interactions; understanding this variability and its causes is essential for effective tidal river management. From June to November 2023, a field study was conducted at Nanjing (NJ) to continuously monitor water discharge, suspended sediment concentration (SSC), and SSD in the tidal reaches of the Yangtze River using coastal acoustic tomography (CAT). Total water discharge ranged from 8,765 to 43,356 m³/s, with a mean of 27,825 m³/s, while tidal discharge varied between −11,998 and 9,983 m³/s, with a mean of 69 m³/s. SSC ranged from 0.02 to 0.09 kg/m³, and SSD ranged from 110 to 3,823 kg/s. Tidal variations in SSC and SSD were within ±0.04 kg/m³ and −1,252 to 1,410 kg/s, respectively. Over short timescales, tides caused instantaneous fluctuations in velocity, water discharge, and SSD, with tides contributing −40% to instantaneous water discharge and SSD at NJ. Over seasonal timescales, no significant wet/dry variations were observed in water discharge, SSC, or SSD during a few months of 2023. Long-term CAT application (e.g., decades) is required to reveal trends in tidal river dynamics.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Surface Water and Ocean Topography Mission (SWOT) Prior Lake Database (PLD): Lake Mask and Operational Auxiliaries","authors":"Jida Wang, Claire Pottier, Cécile Cazals, Marjorie Battude, Yongwei Sheng, Chunqiao Song, Md Safat Sikder, Xiao Yang, Linghong Ke, Manon Delhoume, Marielle Gosset, Rafael Reis Alencar Oliveira, Manuela Grippa, Félix Girard, George H. Allen, Xiangtao Xu, Xiaolin Zhu, Sylvain Biancamaria, Laurence C. Smith, Jean-François Crétaux, Tamlin M. Pavelsky","doi":"10.1029/2023wr036896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023wr036896","url":null,"abstract":"Lakes are among the most prevalent and predominant water repositories on the Earth's land surface. A primary objective of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite mission is to monitor surface water elevation, area, and storage change in lakes globally. To meet this objective, prior information on lakes, such as locations and benchmark extents, is required to organize SWOT's KaRIn observations for computing lake storage variation over time. Here, we present the SWOT mission Prior Lake Database (PLD) to fulfill this requirement. This paper emphasizes the development of the “operational PLD,” which consists of (a) a high-resolution mask encompassing approximately 6 million lakes and reservoirs that meet the minimum size criterion of 1 ha, as defined in SWOT’s lake observation science goals, and (b) multiple operational auxiliaries that support the lake mask in generating SWOT's standard lake vector data products. We built the prior lake mask by harmonizing the UCLA Circa-2015 Global Lake Dataset and several state-of-the-art reservoir databases. Operational auxiliaries were produced from multi-theme geospatial data to provide essential information for PLD functionality, including lake catchments and influence areas, ice phenology, relationship with SWOT prior rivers, and spatiotemporal coverage by SWOT overpasses. Globally, over three quarters of the prior lakes are smaller than 10 ha. About 97% of the lakes, constituting half of the global lake area, are fully observed at least once per orbit cycle. The PLD will be recursively improved throughout the mission lifetime and serves as a critical framework for organizing, processing, and interpreting SWOT observations over lacustrine environments with fundamental significance to lake system science.","PeriodicalId":23799,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}