World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of three lymph node staging systems for prognostic prediction in gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ming Cheng, Yang Yu, Takehiro Watanabe, Yutaro Yoshimoto, Sanae Kaji, Yukinori Yube, Munehisa Kaneda, Hajime Orita, Shinji Mine, You-Yong Wu, Tetsu Fukunaga","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.98103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.98103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lymph node status is a critical prognostic factor in gastric cancer (GC), but stage migration may occur in pathological lymph nodes (pN) staging. To address this, alternative staging systems such as the positive lymph node ratio (LNR) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) were introduced.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the prognostic accuracy and stratification efficacy of three nodal staging systems in GC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review identified 12 studies, from which hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) were summarized. Sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, publication bias assessments, and quality evaluations were conducted. To enhance comparability, data from studies with identical cutoff values for pN, LNR, and LODDS were pooled. Homogeneous stratification was then applied to generate Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves, assessing the stratification efficacy of three staging systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HRs and 95% confidence intervals for pN, LNR, and LODDS were 2.16 (1.72-2.73), 2.05 (1.65-2.55), and 3.15 (2.15-4.37), respectively, confirming all three as independent prognostic risk factors for OS. Comparative analysis of HRs demonstrated that LODDS had superior prognostic predictive power over LNR and pN. KM curves for pN (N0, N1, N2, N3a, N3b), LNR (0.1/0.2/0.5), and LODDS (-1.5/-1.0/-0.5/0) revealed significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.001) among all prognostic stratifications. Mean differences and standard deviations in 60-month relative survival were 27.93% ± 0.29%, 41.70% ± 0.30%, and 26.60% ± 0.28% for pN, LNR, and LODDS, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All three staging systems are independent prognostic factors for OS. LODDS demonstrated the highest specificity, making it especially useful for predicting outcomes, while pN was the most effective in homogeneous stratification, offering better patient differentiation. These findings highlight the complementary roles of LODDS and pN in enhancing prognostic accuracy and stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"98103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of radiotherapy in patients with microsatellite stable or proficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer liver metastasis.","authors":"Jie Ni, Chu-Gen Wan, Zi-Qi Sui","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.102873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.102873","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Colorectal cancer is one of the malignant tumors with a high incidence and mortality rate globally, and the occurrence of liver metastasis significantly affects patient survival prognosis. In recent years, the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment has made important progress, especially showing good therapeutic effects in patients with high microsatellite instability or mismatch repair deficiency. However, for the majority of patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) or proficient mismatch repair (pMMR) colorectal cancer, the efficacy of ICIs is limited, prompting researchers to explore combination therapy strategies to improve efficacy. Targeted drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and radiotherapy are believed to work synergistically with ICIs by modifying the tumor microenvironment and enhancing antigen presentation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of radiotherapy, ICIs, and TKIs in patients with MSS or pMMR colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CCLM), in order to provide new clinical treatment references.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 43 MSS or pMMR CCLM patients treated at our hospital from September 2021 to July 2024. Based on the treatment interventions received, the patients were divided into a control group (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 21, receiving ICIs and TKIs combination therapy) and an observation group (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 22, receiving radiotherapy, ICIs, and TKIs triple therapy). The therapeutic effects, serum tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 199), survival status, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The disease control rate in the observation group (63.64%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (23.81%) (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Both groups showed a decrease in carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 199 levels post-treatment, with the observation group demonstrating a more significant change (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). The median progression-free survival and median overall survival in the control group were 5.1 months and 7.6 months, respectively, while the observation group had a median progression-free survival and overall survival of 4.3 months and 6.9 months, respectively. The control group had longer survival times than the observation group, but the differences were not statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions, including nausea and vomiting, gastrointestinal reactions, skin reactions, bone marrow suppression, liver and kidney function impairment, neurotoxicity, leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia, showed no significant differences between the two groups (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared to the ICIs and TKIs combination therapy, the radiotherapy, ICIs, and TKIs triple therapy","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"102873"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of new pathological markers in early stage colon cancer: Insights and limitations.","authors":"Bulent Erdogan, Fatma Elif Usturalı Keskin, Erkan Özcan, Ahmet Küçükarda, Ali Kaan Güren, Osman Köstek, Bekir Muhammet Hacioglu, Hilmi Kodaz","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.101325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.101325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The decision to administer adjuvant chemotherapy to patients with local stage depends on specific high-risk features that are T4 tumor stage, presence of perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, poorly differentiated tumor histology, inadequate lymph node sampling (fewer than 12 lymph nodes), and evidence of tumor perforation or obstruction. Tumor-stroma ratio, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), Crohn-like reaction (CLR), desmoid reaction, poorly differentiated clusters (PDC) are new pathological markers that are being studied.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine the relationship between new pathological markers and defined high risk factors, in early stage colorectal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated 155 patients with the diagnosis stage I and II colorectal cancer between the years 2007 and 2021 who were treated at Trakya University Hospital, Department of Medical Oncology. We divided those with and without high-risk factors into two groups. We examined the relationship of new pathological markers with these groups and with pathological markers in risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant correlation between presence of TIL, presence of PDC, presence of tumor budding, presence of CLR, presence of desmoid reaction and low and high-risk groups according to the degree of those with PDC (<i>P</i> = 0.82, <i>P</i> = 0.51, <i>P</i> = 0.77, <i>P</i> = 0.37, <i>P</i> = 0.83, respectively). In addition, no statistically significant correlation was found between the tumor-stroma ratio and low and high risk groups (<i>P</i> = 0.80). We found a statistically significant correlation between the presence of PDC and the presence of PDC grade 3 and T stage (<i>P</i> = 0.001, <i>P</i> = 0.001, respectively). It was determined that the presence of PDC and the frequency of grade 3 PDC increased with the advanced T stage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No relationship was found between the presence of new pathological markers and high-low risk groups. When we examined the relationship between new and old pathological markers, only the frequency of detection of PDC and PDC grade 3 was found to be correlated with advanced T stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"101325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-22/IL-22R1 pathway enhances cholangiocarcinoma progression <i>via</i> ERK1/2 activation.","authors":"Jin Zhou, Jing-Rui Chen, Jin-Ming Li, Shuang-Qing Han, Xi-Yue Deng, Zhong-Min Li, Wen Tong, Chao Wang, Yi Bai, Ya-Min Zhang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.102083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.102083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>IL-22</i> plays a pivotal role in the processes of inflammation and tissue healing., but its role in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains unclear. our study explored the IL-22/IL-22R1 pathway and its impact on CCA progression through the ERK1/2 signaling cascade.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the mechanism of the IL-22/IL-22R1 pathway in CCA and provide new directions for its clinical treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>IL-22R1</i> expression was assessed in human and rat CCA tissues utilizing immunohistochemical techniques, Western blot analysis, and quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The impact of <i>IL-22</i> on CCA cells was assessed <i>in vitro</i> via tests for proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis assays. The rat models of thioacetamide-induced CCA and subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice were used to assess the <i>in vivo</i> effects. ERK1/2 inhibitors were applied to elucidate the mechanistic role of the pathway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>IL-22R1</i> was overexpressed in CCA cell lines and tissues. <i>IL-22</i> treatment increased the phosphorylation of <i>ERK1/2</i>, promoting tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis. ERK1/2 inhibition considerably reversed these effects both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The IL-22/IL-22R1 axis promotes CCA progression by activating ERK1/2 signaling. Targeting this pathway with ERK1/2 inhibitors offers potential therapeutic strategies for CCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"102083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To investigate the effect and mechanism of tetrahydrocurcumin on hepatocellular carcinoma based on phosphoinositide 3-kinases/AKT signaling pathway.","authors":"Zhuo-Cong Bao, Zhao-Dong Liu, Ye Zhang, Hui-Jun Dai, Hui Jia, Fu Ren, Ning Li, Lu Zhao, Yi-Wei Wang, Shang-Yu Lv, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.102187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.102187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver cancer has a high incidence and mortality worldwide, especially in China. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic effect and mechanism of tetrahydrocurcumin against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a focus on the of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the effects and mechanism of tetrahydrocurcumin in HCC cell lines HepG2 and Huh7.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Metascape, we analyzed the potential targets of tetrahydrocurcumin in HCC. Molecular docking validation was performed using SYBYL2.0. Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed to evaluate the effects of tetrahydrocurcumin on HepG2 and Huh7 cell migration, invasion, and apoptosis. The expression of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-related proteins was detected by western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology and molecular docking showed that tetrahydrocurcumin has high binding affinity for phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha. <i>In vitro</i> experiments demonstrated that tetrahydrocurcumin suppressed the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells, promoted their apoptosis, and downregulated the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2, while upregulating caspase-3, p53, and B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 associated X.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, tetrahydrocurcumin suppresses PI3K/AKT signaling, promotes apoptosis, and prevents the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"102187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a patient with neurofibromatosis type I presenting with anemia: A case report.","authors":"Guang-Yang Bai, Ke-Shu Shan, Chen-Sheng Li, Xiang-Hua Wang, Ming-Yang Feng, Yan Gao","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.99304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.99304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are caused by mutations in the <i>KIT</i> and platelet derived growth factor receptor alpha genes in approximately 90% of cases. A minority of wild-type GISTs are associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), an autosomal dominant genetic disease resulting from pathogenic mutations in the NF1 gene, which encodes the neurofibromin protein. NF1 patients often exhibit multi-system involvement, with café-au-lait macules and neurofibromas being characteristic symptoms. GISTs are a rare complication of NF1, with the tumors most frequently occurring in the small intestine (90% of cases), while occurrences in the stomach are rare.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 51-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with complaints of dizziness, fatigue, chest tightness, and dark stools. Initial examination revealed a red blood cell count of 1.99 × 10¹²/L and a hemoglobin level of 43 g/L. She underwent blood transfusions and fluid replacement to stabilize her condition. Further investigations identified typical café-au-lait macules on her trunk, limbs, and face, along with neurofibromas. Endoscopy showed coffee-colored fluid in the gastric cavity, a large submucosal elevation with an exudative covering, and ulcer formation on the gastric fundus. Exploratory laparoscopy confirmed the tumor's origin in the gastric fundus, and resection of the giant GIST was performed. Pathological analysis revealed a necrotic GIST measuring 18 cm × 14 cm, classified as high-risk, with approximately 5 mitotic figures per 10 high-power fields and no tumor at the margins. Immunohistochemistry results were CD117 (+), delay of germination 1 (+), CD34 (+), and succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B intact expression. Genetic testing using next-generation sequencing confirmed an NF1 gene mutation. The patient underwent successful tumor resection and was discharged home with postoperative regorafenib therapy. A follow-up at one year showed no recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the diversity of clinical symptoms associated with NF1 and the complexity of NF1-related GISTs, surgical resection with complete tumor removal remains the preferred treatment option. However, the absence of a standardized treatment protocol for adjuvant therapy presents numerous challenges for clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"99304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol and pancreatic cancers: Questions and future perspectives.","authors":"Olga A Sukocheva","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.100342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is still no effective treatment for pancreatic cancer, one of the deadliest malignancies among the gastrointestinal diseases. Jiang <i>et al</i> demonstrated the presence of senescent cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in pancreatic cancer tissues, supporting the use of CAFs as potential anti-cancer targets. The study indicated that a natural plant-derived compound resveratrol can reverse senescent CAF phenotype and decrease the growth, migration, and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. Notably, the study indicated that resveratrol might be involved in regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the tumor microenvironment. This editorial shares insights on the future investigation of resveratrol signaling in cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, and discusses resveratrol-based treatment perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"100342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irreversible electroporation combined with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 therapy promotes tumor antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cell response.","authors":"Yang-Yang Ma, Xiao-Hua Wang, Jian-Ying Zeng, Ji-Bing Chen, Li-Zhi Niu","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.101991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.101991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel local tumor ablation approach with the potential to activate the host's immune system. However, this approach is insufficient to prevent cancer progression, and complementary approaches are required for effective immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the immunomodulatory effects and mechanism of IRE combined anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) treatment in subcutaneous pancreatic cancer models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL-6 tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into four groups: Control group; IRE group; anti-PD-1 group; and IRE + anti-PD-1 group. Tumor-infiltrating T, B, and natural killer cell levels and plasma concentrations of T helper type 1 cytokines (interleukin-2, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were evaluated. Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of CD8 (marker of CD8⁺ T cells) in tumor tissues of the mice of all groups at different points of time. The growth curves of tumors were drawn.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that the IRE + anti-PD-1 group exhibited significantly higher percentages of T lymphocyte infiltration, including CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells compared with the control group. Additionally, the IRE + anti-PD-1 group showed increased infiltration of natural killer and B cells, elevated cytokine levels, and higher <i>CD8</i> mRNA expression. Tumor volume was significantly reduced in the IRE + anti-PD-1 group, indicating a more pronounced therapeutic effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of IRE and anti-PD-1 therapy promotes CD8⁺ T cell immunity responses, leading to a more effective reduction in tumor volume and improved therapeutic outcomes, which provides a new direction for ablation and immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"101991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the landscape of gastric cancer immunotherapy: Bibliometric insights into advances and hotspots.","authors":"Zhen Yuan, Jing-Hang Wang, Hao Cui, Shu-Yuan Wang, Bo Wei, Jian-Xin Cui","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.100997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunotherapy has surfaced as a promising therapeutic modality for gastric cancer (GC). A comprehensive review of advancements, current status, and research trends in GC immunotherapy is essential to inform future investigative efforts.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To delineate the trends, advancements, and focal points in immunotherapy for GC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a bibliometric analysis of 2906 articles in English concerning GC immunotherapy published from 2000 to December 20, 2023, indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection. Data analysis and visualization were facilitated by CiteSpace (6.1.6R), VOSviewer v.1.6.17, and GraphPad Prism v8.0.2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There has been an increase in the annual publication rate of GC immunotherapy research. China leads in publication volume, while the United States demonstrates the highest citation impact. Fudan University is notable for its citation frequency and publication output. Co-citation analysis and keyword frequency revealed and highlighted a focus on GC prognosis, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and integrative immunotherapy with targeted therapy. Emerging research areas include gastroesophageal junction cancer, adoptive immunotherapy, and the role of Treg cell in immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GC immunotherapy research is an expanding field attracting considerable scientific interest. With the clinical adoption of immunotherapy in GC, the primary goals are to enhance treatment efficacy and patient outcomes. Unlike hematological malignancies, GC's solid TME presents distinct immunological challenges that may attenuate the cytotoxic effects of immune cells on cancer cells. For instance, although CAR-T therapy is effective in hematological malignancies, it has underperformed in GC settings. Current research is centered on overcoming immunosuppression within the TME, with a focus on combinations of targeted therapy, adoptive immunotherapy, Treg cell dynamics, and precise prognosis prediction in immunotherapy. Additionally, immunotherapy's role in treating gastroesophageal junction cancer has become a novel research focus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"100997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of monitoring imatinib plasma concentration in second-line treatment decisions for <i>c-kit 11</i> gene-mutated gastrointestinal stromal tumors.","authors":"Hai-Tao Li, Yun-Yun Du, Zhen Huang, Jin-Jin Li, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.98746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4251/wjgo.v17.i3.98746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) carrying the c-kit exon 11 mutation, imatinib (IM) at a standard dosage of 400 mg per day is the preferred first-line treatment. In cases where treatment with IM fails, there is an urgent need for a more precise assessment method to determine whether to switch therapies or escalate the IM dosage. This approach will enhance clinical decision-making and optimize patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate IM plasma concentration's role in second-line treatment decisions for c-kit 11-mutated advanced GISTs post-IM failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with advanced GIST harboring c-kit 11 mutation who experienced failure with IM 400 mg per day as first-line treatment at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into a low plasma (LP) concentration group (LP group, < 1100 ng/mL) and high plasma (HP) concentration group (HP group, ≥ 1100 ng/mL). Each group was further subdivided into Group A (dose-escalation group) and Group B (drug-switch group). Baseline characteristics were compared and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze the survival of patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-five patients were included in the analysis. For the LP group (<i>n</i> = 28), Group A (<i>n</i> = 14) had longer overall survival (OS) than Group B (<i>n</i> = 14) (<i>P</i> = 0.02). No differences were observed between the two subgroups in disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate, and progression-free survival (PFS) (<i>P</i> > 0.05). For the HP group (<i>n</i> = 47), Group B (<i>n</i> = 18) had a higher DCR and longer PFS than Group A (<i>n</i> = 29) (<i>P</i> = 0.008 and <i>P</i> = 0.03, respectively). No difference in OS was observed between the two subgroups (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing IM dosage for c-kit 11-mutated advanced GISTs post-IM failure may prolong OS if plasma concentration is < 1100 ng/mL. Switching tyrosine kinase inhibitors may improve DCR and PFS if ≥ 1100 ng/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 3","pages":"98746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}