Jae Hyeong Kim, Hee Young Na, Kwangrok Jung, Dayeon Jang, Yuna Youn, Dae Hwan Kim, Hee Dong Han, Jin-Hyeok Hwang
{"title":"Quantitative immunohistochemistry analysis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma upregulated factor expression in pancreatic cancer and its prognostic significance.","authors":"Jae Hyeong Kim, Hee Young Na, Kwangrok Jung, Dayeon Jang, Yuna Youn, Dae Hwan Kim, Hee Dong Han, Jin-Hyeok Hwang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109055","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Among all solid tumors, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by markedly poor survival outcomes, reflecting its high lethality, primarily as a result of late-stage diagnosis and limited treatment options. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma upregulated factor (PAUF) displays elevated expression in PDAC compared to non-neoplastic pancreatic samples and is involved in promoting tumor development. However, its exact diagnostic and prognostic significance remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the clinical relevance of PAUF expression in PDAC. We hypothesized that higher PAUF expression is associated with more aggressive clinicopathological features and poorer patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the expression of PAUF in PDAC and its value as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PAUF expression levels were assessed using immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues from 93 patients with PDAC. Staining intensity and the proportion of tumor cells showing PAUF positivity were assessed to categorize patients into low and high PAUF expression groups. Associations between PAUF expression and clinicopathological characteristics or survival outcomes were analyzed. Public datasets (The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium) were employed to validate differences in PAUF expression in PDAC at mRNA and protein levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PAUF expression was observed in 82.8% of samples, primarily localized within the cytoplasm of tumor cells. High PAUF expression showed a significant correlation with metastasis to lymph nodes (78.4%, <i>P</i> = 0.0019), indicating a strong association with advanced disease. Public datasets confirmed elevated PAUF levels at both transcript and protein levels in PDAC relative to normal tissue. Kaplan-Meier estimates indicated that higher PAUF levels were linked with shorter overall survival (18.4 months <i>vs</i> 32.7 months, <i>P</i> = 0.032). Multivariate Cox regression confirmed high PAUF expression as a prognostically significant variable contributing to poor clinical outcomes [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.05; <i>P</i> = 0.009]. Poor tumor differentiation (HR = 2.47; <i>P</i> = 0.004) and lack of adjuvant therapy (HR = 0.39; <i>P</i> = 0.001) were also independently associated with unfavorable outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PAUF is a promising biomarker for tumor progression and prognosis in PDAC, with potential clinical utility in early diagnosis and the development of targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"109055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhong-Guo Fu, Zhan-Xiu Ren, Xin-Hong Wang, Bai-Fang Wang
{"title":"Investigation of gastrointestinal tumor symptoms and risk factors in eighty patients with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Zhong-Guo Fu, Zhan-Xiu Ren, Xin-Hong Wang, Bai-Fang Wang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.106912","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.106912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms; however, the relationship between PD and gastrointestinal tumors remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the symptom characteristics and risk factors of gastrointestinal tumors in patients with PD by integrating clinical, neurological, gastrointestinal, and laboratory assessments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty patients with PD who were admitted to our hospital between January 2023 and December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics and neurological status were evaluated using standardized scales, including the Mini-Mental State Examination, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Barthel Index, Non-Motor Symptoms Scale, and the Intake, Feeling nauseated, Emesis, physical Exam, Duration of symptoms (I-FEED) gastrointestinal dysfunction score. Laboratory indicators including tumor markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4)] were measured. Differences between PD patients with and without gastrointestinal tumors were compared, and logistic regression was used to identify associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 80 PD patients, 16 (20.00%) had gastrointestinal tumors. The most common symptoms in the tumor group were constipation (93.75%), urgency of defecation (75.00%), and abdominal tightness (75.00%). Patients with gastrointestinal tumors had significantly higher I-FEED, CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 levels (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Logistic regression revealed that sex, disease duration, I-FEED score, and the levels of CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 were independently associated with the presence of gastrointestinal tumors, while Non-Motor Symptoms Scale was not significantly related.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study uniquely combines neurological symptom scales and tumor markers to evaluate gastrointestinal tumor risk in patients with PD. The findings suggest that gastrointestinal dysfunction and tumor marker elevation are key clinical indicators, and highlight the importance of comprehensive assessment in identifying high-risk PD patients for timely intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"106912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Construction of a risk prediction model for early postoperative recurrence in stage II/III colorectal cancer.","authors":"Feng-Chun Xiong, Ming-Peng Luo, Shan-Ming Ruan","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.107968","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.107968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence within a year post-surgery poses significant challenges for stage II/III patients. Few models currently predict this early recurrence with multi-dimensional considerations for risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a model for predicting the risk of recurrence within one year after surgery in patients with stage II/III CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, including 349 stage II/III CRC patients. Clinical data were collected, and the dataset was randomly divided into training (<i>n</i> = 244) and testing (<i>n</i> = 105) sets. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Then a nomogram model was constructed and evaluated <i>via</i> receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves and decision curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the one-year follow-up, 10.9% (38/349) of patients experienced recurrence. Univariate analysis identified tumor size, lymph node metastasis (N2 stage), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, fatigue, and appetite loss as significant correlates of recurrence. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed N2 stage, appetite loss, tumor size, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as independent risk factors. The nomogram model showed excellent performance. The area under the receiver operating characteristic was 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.97-1.00) in training set and 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.84-0.97) in testing set. The decision curve analysis curves showed strong concordance between predicted and observed recurrence probabilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The model effectively predicts early postoperative recurrence in stage II/III CRC, integrating clinical, inflammatory, and symptomatic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"107968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Missing link: Viral RNA signatures in circulating exosomes as early diagnostic biomarkers for gastrointestinal cancers.","authors":"Mahmoud Darweesh, Saeed Mohammadi","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.110110","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.110110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial highlights the critical role of viral RNA signatures encapsulated within circulating exosomes as a potential missing link in the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Current diagnostic methods for virus-associated GI malignancies often fall short in detecting infections at subclinical or pre-cancerous stages. We propose that viral RNA-loaded exosomes, by offering stable, specific, and non-invasive biomarkers, can bridge this gap and revolutionize early detection compared to conventional approaches. As highlighted by Zhang <i>et al</i> in their recent review, viral infections, such as hepatitis B and C viruses, Epstein-Barr virus, and human papillomavirus, are well-established contributors to the pathogenesis of various GI malignancies. However, current diagnostic methods often underperform in detecting these infections at subclinical or pre-cancerous stages. We highlight the shared points between virology, exosome biology, and oncology, reinforcing the importance of viral RNA-loaded exosomes as a \"missing link\" in the early detection of virus-associated GI cancers. We also discuss current challenges, translational opportunities, and the requirements for clinical validation of these promising biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"110110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation between sarcopenia diagnosed by C3SMI criteria and prognosis in esophageal cancer patients after radiotherapy.","authors":"De-En Wang, Xiao-Fang Qin, Wei Yang","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.107626","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.107626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal cancer is a common malignancy with high mortality. Radiotherapy is an important treatment. Sarcopenia affects patients' physical function and prognosis. However, the relationship between sarcopenia diagnosed by Chun-Hou Chen method for sarcopenia measurement and index (C3SMI) criteria and esophageal cancer prognosis after radiotherapy is unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the correlation between sarcopenia (SA) diagnosed based on C3SMI criteria and the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer following radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general clinical data of 131 esophageal cancer patients who received radiotherapy in the Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from March 2021 to July 2024. Based on the presence of SA, the patients were assigned into two groups - the SA group and the non-SA group. Logistic regression analysis was used for investigating the risk factors influencing SA in esophageal cancer patients. Additionally, the patients were followed up, with their prognosis recorded. As per their prognostic outcomes, the patients were allocated into a good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group. The data of the two groups were compared. Using logistic regression analysis, the risk factors that may influence the prognosis of these patients were analyzed. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was introduced for analyzing the study data. Comparisons were made between groups using <i>t</i>-tests or <i>χ</i> <sup>2</sup> tests based on the data type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As revealed through logistic regression analysis, age [odds ratio (OR) = 2.898, <i>P</i> = 0.038], body mass index (OR = 5.983, <i>P</i> = 0.006), prealbumin (OR = 6.253, <i>P</i> = 0.003), and Karnofsky performance status score (OR = 3.854, <i>P</i> = 0.010) were independent risk factors impacting SA for esophageal cancer patients (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis also found that age (OR = 3.823, <i>P</i> = 0.030), differentiation degree (OR = 4.802, <i>P</i> = 0.028), American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical staging (OR = 3.732, <i>P</i> = 0.013), alpha-fetoprotein level (OR = 3.508, <i>P</i> = 0.018), thrombospondin-1 level (OR = 5.749, <i>P</i> = 0.006), carcinoembryonic antigen level (OR = 3.873, <i>P</i> = 0.030), and SA (OR = 3.593, <i>P</i> = 0.017) were independent risk factors that may influence esophageal cancer patients' prognosis (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of SA has a significant relation to the poor prognosis of esophageal cancer patients, which highlights the importance of assessing and intervening in SA in clinical management so as to improve patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"107626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DEAD/H-box RNA helicase 10 promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation <i>via</i> ribonucleotide reductase M2.","authors":"Zhi-Sheng Qiu, Xiao-Chun Wang, Ji-Chun Ma, Cheng-Lou Zhu, Yong-Li Hu, Ming-Xu Da","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.108672","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.108672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most aggressive malignancies, is characterized by rapid progression and high metastatic potential, and is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of PC continue to rise annually. Despite advances in imaging technologies and treatment strategies over the past two decades, the 5-year survival rate for patients with PC remains low, at approximately 13%. Patients with advanced PC still experience dismal outcomes, primarily due to the tumor's aggressiveness and high metastatic capacity. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify reliable molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets to improve the prognosis of patients with PC.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the biological functions and mechanisms of DEAD/H-box RNA helicase 10 (DDX10) in PC progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We comprehensively investigated the expression pattern and functional significance of DDX10 in PC using a multi-omics integrative approach. We performed bioinformatics analyses of datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry, and a series of <i>in vitro</i> functional assays to assess cellular proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Additionally, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were integrated to delineate the molecular regulatory networks that mediate the aggressive phenotype of PC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DDX10 was found to be significantly overexpressed at both the mRNA and protein levels in PC tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. Silencing DDX10 <i>in vitro</i> led to marked inhibition of PC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, accompanied by enhanced apoptosis. Integrated RNA sequencing, proteomic profiling, and western blot validation revealed that DDX10 modulates key oncogenes including RRM2, LIG1, CDK6, and ITGA2. Notably, ectopic RRM2 overexpression partially rescued the growth-suppressive effects induced by DDX10 knockdown in PANC-1 cells, and high DDX10 expression is associated with poor overall survival in patients with PC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, our findings indicate that DDX10 promotes PC cell proliferation primarily by upregulating RRM2, thus highlighting its potential as a promising therapeutic target in PC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"108672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Irreversible electroporation combined with checkpoint blockade stimulates antitumor immune response in a hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model.","authors":"Yan-Li Xing, Hong-Mei Li, Xiao-Ming Pang, Ying Zhang, Ting Yang, Yan-Hong Li, De-Chuan Liu, Yang-Yang Ma, Li-Zhi Niu","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.110166","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.110166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irreversible electroporation (IRE) represents an innovative localized technique for tumor ablation, possessing the capacity to activate the immune response of the host. However, this method alone is inadequate to halt cancer progression, necessitating the integration of additional strategies to achieve effective immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of antitumor immunity derived from the synergistic application of IRE and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy within a murine model of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL-6 mice with tumor growth were divided into four separate cohorts: Control group; IRE group; Anti-PD-1 group; And IRE + anti-PD-1 group. The infiltration levels of T, B, and natural killer cells within the tumors, as well as the plasma concentrations of T helper type 1 cytokines (interleukin-2, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-β), were evaluated. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was utilized to quantify the expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 8 (a marker indicative of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells) in the tumor specimens of the mice at various temporal intervals. Tumor growth trajectories were charted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the IRE + anti-PD-1 group exhibited significantly heightened percentages of T lymphocyte infiltration, particularly CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, when compared to the control cohort. Additionally, this group displayed increased infiltration of natural killer and B cells, augmented cytokine levels, and elevated CD8 messenger RNA expression. A marked decrease in tumor volume was noted in the IRE + anti-PD-1 group, indicating enhanced therapeutic efficacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined application of IRE and checkpoint blockade elicits an antitumor immune response, leading to a more substantial reduction in tumor volume and improved therapeutic outcomes, thereby establishing a novel avenue for the ablation and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"110166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Semra Demirli Atici, Aras Emre Canda, Mustafa Cem Terzi
{"title":"Local excision in rectal cancer: When and for whom?","authors":"Semra Demirli Atici, Aras Emre Canda, Mustafa Cem Terzi","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.106146","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.106146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Local excision (LE) is an effective treatment option for rectal cancer that shows significant regression following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Compared to traditional total mesorectal excision (TME), LE can achieve comparable oncological outcomes while preserving function and improving quality of life (QoL). The indications for LE have been gradually expanded, but there are uncertainties regarding postoperative oncological results. Long-term follow-up prospective randomized controlled trials comparing TME and LE in terms of both oncological outcomes and QoL could help reduce uncertainties between these two approaches and contribute to the development of evidence-based guidelines for rectal cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"106146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xue Zhang, Dong-Bo Chen, Rui Zhang, Pu Chen, Shao-Ping She, Yao Yang, Li-Ying Ren, Hong-Song Chen
{"title":"Immune checkpoint molecules signal regulatory protein alpha in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Xue Zhang, Dong-Bo Chen, Rui Zhang, Pu Chen, Shao-Ping She, Yao Yang, Li-Ying Ren, Hong-Song Chen","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109824","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignant tumor of the liver and one of the most common malignant tumors, as well as the third leading cause of cancer-related death. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a key strategy in cancer treatment. However, anti-programmed cell death 1/programmed death ligand 1 therapies, one of the main immunotherapeutic approaches, only elicit a response in only approximately 20% of advanced HCC. This suggests that there may be other immune checkpoints playing important roles in HCC immunotherapy. Recent studies have highlighted Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is a phagocytic checkpoint in macrophages and other immune cells, as a promising novel therapeutic target in tumor immunotherapy. This review summarizes current progress on SIRPα in HCC and identifies key challenges for future related research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"109824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhao Gao, Zheng-Fei Zhou, Xiao-Yan Wang, Tao Song, Shi-Kai Wu, Xuan Jin
{"title":"Chemotherapy plus bevacizumab <i>vs</i> chemoimmunotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer: Real-world analysis.","authors":"Zhao Gao, Zheng-Fei Zhou, Xiao-Yan Wang, Tao Song, Shi-Kai Wu, Xuan Jin","doi":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109949","DOIUrl":"10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.109949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical trial evidence points to chemotherapy's potential in augmenting the effects of immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of first-line chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) for microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) verses standard-of-care (SOC; 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/oxaliplatin/bevacizumab).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study conducted in Peking University First Hospital and Jilin Cancer Hospital. Patients with MSS mCRC who had received first-line treatment were eligible. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model were used to evaluate progression-free survival (PFS) and to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). PFS was set as the primary endpoint. Propensity score (PS) was calculated to balance the baseline characteristics of the two cohorts. With PS, we performed three statistical methods, namely inverse probability weighting, PS matching, and additional adjustment for PS with multivariate cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between July 2019 and November 2024, 148 eligible patients were enrolled, with 40 and 108 patients assigned to the CIT and SOC cohorts, respectively. At a global median follow-up of 21.4 months, the crude median PFS was 13.5 months (95%CI: 9.77-21.6) in the CIT cohort <i>vs</i> 9.1 months (95%CI: 7.8-10.6) in the SOC cohort, yielding a nonsignificant hazard ratio (HR) of 0.5645 (95%CI: 0.3637-0.8763, <i>P</i> = 0.01; SOC as reference). Multivariate Cox regression analysis, adjusted for sex, age > 60 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, rat sarcoma mutation, primary tumor location (left <i>vs</i> right) and number of metastatic organs (liver/lung), demonstrated an adjusted HR of 0.55 (95%CI: 0.35-0.87, <i>P</i> = 0.011). PS-based analyses using PS matching (post-matching <i>n</i> = 40 <i>vs</i> 40), PS-adjusted multivariate Cox regression, and inverse probability weighting revealed consistent significant trends favoring CIT, with HRs for CIT of 0.5641 (95%CI: 0.3303-0.9635, <i>P</i> = 0.0361), 0.60 (95%CI: 0.38-0.96, <i>P</i> = 0.034), and 0.57 (95%CI: 0.337-0.973, <i>P</i> = 0.039), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Efficacy of CIT in MSS mCRC could surpass that of standard first-line chemotherapy. Further research is needed to investigate specific clinical characteristics or biomarkers to identify patients who may derive benefit from CIT.</p>","PeriodicalId":23762,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology","volume":"17 9","pages":"109949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}