Stoma related complications: A registry study based on a prospective registration system.

Abstract

Background: Stoma creation is a common procedure in colorectal cancer surgery, however, stoma-related complications remain a significant concern.

Aim: To investigate the incidence, types, and risk factors of stoma-related complications in colorectal cancer patients who underwent stoma creation.

Methods: Patients with stoma was prospectively recorded in the established stoma system. Data was collected from this stoma management system from November 2021 through May 2024. The rates of stoma-related complications were assessed, and potential risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

Results: A total of 734 patients were included in the analysis. The results showed that 12.3% of patients experienced stoma-related complications, with mucocutaneous separation, edema, and skin excoriation being the most common complications. The majority (90%) of complications were classified as grade 2 according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Surgical factors, such as blood loss volume greater than 500 mL and open surgery, were significantly associated with stoma complications. Additionally, stoma features like location, shape, color, height, and edema were important factors in the association with complications. Body mass index over 30 kg/m² was also found to be a significant risk factor.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for a holistic approach to preventing and managing stoma complications, considering both patient-related and surgical factors.