Water Resources and Industry最新文献

{"title":"Techno-economic evaluation of maximizing minimum liquid discharge from seawater desalination for the fertilizer industry","authors":"Nikhil Dilip Pawar ,&nbsp;Carmelo Morgante ,&nbsp;Thomas Pregger ,&nbsp;Patrick Jochem","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Middle East and North Africa region faces critical water scarcity and food security challenges that threaten economic development. Fertilizer use supports food self-sufficiency, but its production is highly water intensive. Supplying desalinated water to a decarbonized fertilizer plant offers an environmentally sustainable pathway.</div><div>This study investigates co-locating a decarbonized fertilizer plant with a seawater desalination facility, optionally implementing minimum liquid discharge (MLD) to generate additional revenue through recovery of magnesium hydroxide and sodium chloride (NaCl). Three configurations were modeled: a conventional seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO)-based plant; and two MLD configurations using high-pressure RO (HPRO), osmotically-assisted RO (OARO), and crystallizers. Financial performance was assessed using a novel discounted and allocated levelized cost (DALC) method, internal rate of return (IRR), and net present value (NPV).</div><div>In a Moroccan case study, the conventional configuration achieved the lowest DALC and energy consumption (0.70 USD/m³_water and 3.8 KWh_el/m³), with an IRR of 23.9 %. The first MLD configuration had higher costs (0.94 USD/m³_water, 12.0 KWh_el/m³) and a lower IRR (14.5 %), with water recovery limited to 71.4 % due to nonuse of magnesium crystallizer effluent (60.4 % in the conventional setup). Reusing this effluent in the second MLD configuration increased water recovery to 96.7 %, yet higher impurities at the NaCl crystallizer feed reduced the IRR to 9.7 %, which could be improved through financing strategies such as lowering capital costs to endorse the MLD-maximizing option.</div><div>The findings emphasize advancing impurity removal methods and exploring innovative project financing strategies to enable financially and environmentally sustainable seawater desalination for decarbonized fertilizer production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous determination and removal assessment of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in wastewater treatment plants, Zunyi, China","authors":"Qingfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Xuefeng He ,&nbsp;Ye Luo ,&nbsp;Jia Xu ,&nbsp;Zhonggen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed a liquid-liquid extraction method coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the simultaneous determination of 13 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 9 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in wastewater. By optimizing the extraction solvent ratio (<em>n-</em>hexane/dichloromethane 9:1, v/v) and adding 1 %(w/w) polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG4000) as a phase-transfer catalyst, mean recoveries improved from 87.3 ± 6.4 % to 96.4 ± 4.8 %. The method was applied to analyze influent and effluent samples from 13 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Zunyi, Guizhou Province. Results showed that the average concentrations of Σ₁₃OCPs and Σ₉PCBs in the influent were 114.8 ± 30.1 ng/L and 23.1 ± 9.5 ng/L, respectively, while those in the effluent were 20.0 ± 5.5 ng/L and 4.2 ± 1.9 ng/L, respectively. The average removal efficiencies for OCPs and PCBs were 70.6 ± 21.0 % and 61.3 ± 27.8 %, respectively, with membrane bioreactor (MBR) processes demonstrating the highest and most stable removal performance. This work provides a reliable analytical approach and city-scale data to support monitoring of OCPs and PCBs and evaluation of WWTP removal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated water quality indices as tools for evaluating small hydropower impacts","authors":"Paweł Tomczyk ,&nbsp;Michał Tymcio ,&nbsp;Alban Kuriqi ,&nbsp;José Maria Santos ,&nbsp;Aleksandra Wdowczyk ,&nbsp;Mirosław Wiatkowski","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robust water-quality assessment is critical to supporting evidence-based hydropower policy and compliance with river basin management objectives. This study evaluated the effectiveness and representativeness of selected water quality indices (WQIs, based on 25 water quality parameters), the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment WQI (CCME WQI), Oregon WQI (OWQI), Overall Index of Pollution (OIP), Dinius WQI (DWQI), and Universal WQI (UWQI), in assessing the impact of six run-of-river (RoR) hydropower plants (HPs) on the water quality of the Bóbr River in Poland. The CCME WQI values ranged from 37.86 to 57.48, corresponding predominantly to Class III water quality (69.74 %). Overall, HP operations had only a minor influence on the variability of the analyzed indices, with downstream-to-upstream CCME WQI differences not exceeding 5 %. Although no detectable changes in water quality were attributed to hydropower activity, substantial discrepancies were observed among the applied classification schemes (Polish – new and old – and Portuguese systems). Changes in WQI values were found to be more strongly influenced by reservoir-type HPs than by RoR HPs. For example, the observed variations for reservoir versus RoR HPs were: OIP (−18.81 %/-1.59 %), DWQI (−8.22 %/0.84 %), and UWQI (5.40 %/0.12 %). This study shows that RoR HPs have minimal impact on river water quality, with most changes falling within natural variability. However, discrepancies between WQIs and classification systems highlight the need for standardized assessment methods. These results advance understanding of hydropower–environment interactions and support the development of sustainable, climate-resilient hydropower management strategies through multi-index integration and cross-national comparisons of classification systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning and explainable AI for predicting antibiotics removal in constructed Wetlands: Key factors and management implications","authors":"Byeongwon Lee ,&nbsp;Hyemin Jeong ,&nbsp;Younghun Lee ,&nbsp;Young Mo Kim ,&nbsp;Sangchul Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics are increasingly detected in aquatic environments due to continuous inputs from human and veterinary sources. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a low-cost and sustainable treatment option for antibiotics, but developing CWs for maximizing their efficiency is challenging due to causative factors. This study applied machine learning (ML) models and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to predict removal efficiency of antibiotics in CWs and identify key factors. A dataset of 199 observational cases was compiled from previous literature. Seven factors, including CW type, plant species, hydraulic retention time (HRT), hydraulic loading rate, surface area, influent antibiotic concentration, and antibiotic class, are considered as input variables. Six ML models were applied, and Shapley additive explanations, used as XAI, were applied to identify key causative factors. Among the ML models, CatBoost showed the highest prediction accuracy on the test set (R² = 0.81). Overall, antibiotic class, influent antibiotic concentration, and HRT were identified as the most influential features, followed by plant species and CW type. This finding suggested that the three controllable variables (CW type, HRT, and plant species) should be carefully considered in CW design to efficiently remove antibiotics. This study elucidated complex relationships between causative factors and CW removal efficiency using MLs, identifying data-driven importance patterns and key interactions influencing removal behavior. The results provide practical ML-based insights for CW design and highlight the potential of ML in managing environmental pollutants with complex behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of waste rigid polyurethane foam for oil removal from water","authors":"Roland Nagy ,&nbsp;Rebeka Bejczi","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the use of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foam for demulsifying oil-containing emulsions, focusing on improving oil removal from water. Emulsions with 5 V/V% oil content were treated using PUR foams of different geometries to evaluate how foam structure affects separation efficiency. During demulsification, the coalescence of fine oil droplets led to the formation of larger aggregates, which increased turbidity; therefore, in this study, higher turbidity indicated a more advanced demulsification stage rather than poorer water quality. Both larger PUR surface area and higher foam volume enhanced the coalescence process and improved oil removal efficiency. The results demonstrate that waste PUR foam can be effectively repurposed for oil–water separation, supporting sustainable and resource-efficient wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145683320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced visible-light degradation and mineralization of bisphenol A using Cu-doped TiO2 photocatalysts: characterization, effectiveness, mechanism and DFT insights","authors":"Yassine Jari ,&nbsp;Lidia Favier ,&nbsp;Mohamed Chaker Necibi ,&nbsp;Bouchaib Gourich ,&nbsp;Christophe Vial ,&nbsp;Abdelaziz Imgharn ,&nbsp;Noura Najid ,&nbsp;Ali Barhoumi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Chafi ,&nbsp;Veronique Alonzo ,&nbsp;Nicolas Roche","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports a new visible light-driven strategy for the degradation and mineralization of bisphenol A (BPA) using copper-doped TiO₂ photocatalysts. BPA is an emerging contaminant of significant environmental and health concern. A series of Cu-doped TiO₂ catalysts with varying copper contents was synthesized via the sol-gel method and characterized using XPS, XRD, SEM-EDS, N₂ physisorption, and UV–vis spectroscopy to evaluate their structural, morphological, and optical properties. Results confirmed that copper incorporation enhanced visible-light absorption and improved electron-hole pair separation, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability. The band gap energy decreased with increasing copper content, from 2.97 eV for pure TiO₂ to 2.88, 2.41, and 2.28 eV for 1 %, 5 %, and 10 % Cu-TiO₂, respectively, as validated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Among all prepared materials, Cu(5 %)-TiO₂ exhibited the best photocatalytic performance, outperforming both pure TiO₂ and other Cu-TiO₂ variants. Under optimal conditions (5 mg/L BPA, pH 7, and 1 g/L catalyst dosage), 96.2 % BPA removal and 77.9 % mineralization were achieved. The catalyst maintained excellent reusability over four successive cycles with minimal activity loss. Scavenger experiments identified photogenerated holes (h⁺) and hydroxyl radicals (OH^•) as the main reactive species. UHPLC-MS analysis enabled the identification of intermediate products and the proposal of a plausible BPA degradation pathway. Furthermore, Cu(5 %)-TiO₂ showed high degradation efficiency for other emerging pollutants and across different water matrices, demonstrating its potential for sustainable industrial wastewater treatment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian method for estimating water supply network repair time","authors":"Jakub Żywiec ,&nbsp;Mateusz Rożnowski ,&nbsp;Dawid Szpak ,&nbsp;Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The task of the collective water supply system (CWSS) is to supply residents with an appropriate amount of potable water, ensuring the required water pressure at all times, which requires a reliable water supply network (WSN). It is problematic to estimate the duration of repair of a water supply pipe, which is influenced by many factors, e.g. type of network, pipe diameter or pipe material and failure cause. Bayesian network was used to model the relationship between the time of repair of a water pipe and the identified factors. Repair time estimates were made for 3 case studies: a 40 mm diameter PVC house connection; a 150 mm diameter PE distribution network; and a 400 mm diameter cast iron main network. The shortest repair time was determined for the house connection (17.80 h), while the longest for the main network (38.18 h). The developed method allows for estimating the repair time of the water supply pipes based on operational data for any water supply system. It can be used by water supply companies, for supporting the water supply management, especially during a crisis situation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiration-based development of an activated sludge model for degradation of an organic solvent","authors":"Markus Ahnert,&nbsp;Thomas Schalk,&nbsp;Peter Krebs","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development and validation of a comprehensive activated sludge model for degradation of the organic solvent N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) under aerobic conditions in wastewater treatment plants. Through systematic batch experiments measuring oxygen uptake rates (OUR), we identified the need to incorporate of incorporating two distinct biomass fractions to accurately capture the degradation kinetics observed in practice. Model development and calibration is based on substrate pulse experiments with intermediate substances. The degradation pathway proceeds via dimethylamine (DMA) with acetic acid and methanol as intermediate products. Two distinct biomass fractions were required for an accurate simulation: one for the direct growth kinetics on methanol degradation and another for the simultaneous storage and growth processes of acetate degradation. Model calibration revealed unusually high growth and decay rates compared to those of conventional municipal activated sludge systems, indicating the presence of specialized microbial populations adapted to using DMAc as the sole carbon source. The model successfully reproduced the complex respiratory patterns observed during the substrate pulse experiments involving both single compounds and combinations. This work provides valuable insights for designing and operating biological treatment systems for DMAc-containing industrial wastewaters. The respiration-based method of model development can be adapted to other single-substrate degradation processes involving comparable substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of hydroxyapatite-keratin nanocomposites for chromium adsorption from tannery wastewater","authors":"Md Kazim Ahmed Zim,&nbsp;Md Abul Hashem,&nbsp;Md Enamul Hasan Zahin,&nbsp;Abid Hassan,&nbsp;Md Mukimujjaman Miem","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discharge of chrome tanning wastewater from tanneries has a significant impact on the environment. This study is focused on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite keratin nanocomposites (HAKNCs) and characterized through UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and TEM for chromium (Cr) adsorption from tannery wastewater. In a batch test, the chromium adsorption on HAKNCs is investigated by monitoring different parameters. At optimized conditions (e.g., dose 12 g L⁻¹, pH 9.0, contact time of 20 min, and equilibrium time of 30 min), chromium removal and adsorption capacity were at 96.88 % and 40.41 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The other pollutants-biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), chemical oxygen demand (COD), salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC) also significantly reduced at 85.59 %, 89.98 %, 86.25 %, 72.91 %, and 38.91 %, respectively. The promising highly chromium adsorption capacity is ensured by pHpzc and zeta potential analysis. The Freundlich isotherm and Pseudo-Second-Order (PSO) kinetics reaction were suited for chromium adsorption on HAKNCs. Thermodynamic studies suggested that the adsorbate (Cr)-HAKNCs reaction was spontaneous, endothermic, chemisorption, and irregular. The desorption study and its reusability favored the adsorption mechanism. Hence, HAKNC is a highly promising method for reducing leather industrial pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal notice to “Resource recovery–oriented pilot-scale acidogenic fermentation of municipal sludge: Engineering control, process stability, and circular economy implications” [Water Resour. Ind. 35 (2026) 100356]","authors":"Muhammad Talha Sabri,&nbsp;Behnam Askari Lasaki,&nbsp;Peter Maurer","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2026.100363","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100363"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}