A.B. Fanta , S. Sægrov , K. Azrague , S.W. Østerhus
{"title":"Experimental investigation of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and phosphorus removal in pilot-scale sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactors (SB-MBBRs)","authors":"A.B. Fanta , S. Sægrov , K. Azrague , S.W. Østerhus","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2024.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sequencing batch moving bed biofilm reactors have been widely used in commercial wastewater treatment facilities for organic carbon and nitrogen removal. However, these reactors can remove low phosphorus (P) levels. Therefore, this study investigated the potential of SB-MBBRs for maximizing simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and P removal (SNDPR) potential from P-rich municipal wastewater impacted by industrial discharges. A series of experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of external volatile fatty acid (VFA) dosing, airflow rate, and temperature on SNDPR using pilot-scale SBMBBRs. Stable and robust SNDPR was achieved with an optimum acetic acid supply of 150 mg SCOD/L, at 20 <sup>o</sup>C and 2.5 L air/min. A low airflow rate (AFR) and high-temperature conditions affected P release and uptake kinetics. Efficient PHA storage, dissolved oxygen (DO) transfer (outer layer), DO diffusion limitation (inner layer) of biofilm, and conversion of NH<sub>4</sub>-N to NO<sub>2</sub>-N/NO<sub>3</sub>-N enhanced SNDPR in the two pilot SB-MBBRs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371724000209/pdfft?md5=f3d2e150a4cba448265531326c3cd192&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371724000209-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hao Zhu , Hanfei Liu , Yufan Ji , Yuan Gao , Songbo Ni , Yiping Huang , Weiqing Han , Kajia Wei
{"title":"Electrocatalytic mechanism of titanium-based anodes and research progress of chemical saline wastewater treatment: A short review","authors":"Hao Zhu , Hanfei Liu , Yufan Ji , Yuan Gao , Songbo Ni , Yiping Huang , Weiqing Han , Kajia Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2024.100242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrocatalytic treatment of chemical saline wastewater showed great technical advantages due to its characteristics of simple operation, high catalytic efficiency and little secondary pollution. The review takes the classification and composition of titanium-based anodes as the starting point. Typical studies of wastewater treatment by electrocatalytic technology based on free radicals and non-free radicals were also discussed. Combined with the previous researches about electrocatalytic mechanisms in recent years, the mechanisms of titanium-based anodes were analyzed in terms of ·OH, active chlorine and others. The studies on titanium-based anodes in chemical wastewater containing different salt concentrations, such as dye wastewater, coal chemical wastewater, landfill leachate wastewater, fertilizer and pesticide production wastewater, etc., were thoroughly examined. According to the amount of electricity required for the removal of organic matter per unit, the energy consumption of titanium-based anodes for wastewater treatment by electrochemistry was described. The review would provide theoretical basis and technical support for electrocatalytic treatment of chemical saline wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100242"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371724000040/pdfft?md5=0339577c359cb94fdee52b59cdbdc98d&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371724000040-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139487719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical treatment of antibiotic wastewater containing ceftriaxone sodium by porous Ti/Magnéli Ti4O7 nanotube arrays","authors":"Yonghao Zhang, Yating Song, Liu Liu, Jie Zhang, Zhaoyi Zhang, Qian Li, Jing Yang, Wen Li, Lulu Huang, Xue Li, Yulei Zhang, Qiangshun Wu, Xuejie Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2023.100235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2023.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, porous Ti/Magnéli Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub> nanotube arrays (NTA) was fabricated to pretreat antibiotic wastewater. Characterization of the Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-NTA illustrated that highly ordered NTA was successfully generated on the porous Ti substrate, which enlarged the specific surface area by 1.67 times. The Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-NTA has a high oxygen evolution potential (2.60 V) as well as low interfacial charge transfer resistance (4.479 Ω cm<sup>−2</sup>). Ceftriaxone sodium (CRO) was completely removed from raw antibiotic wastewater after 3 h of treatment by the Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-NTA, under optimal operation conditions. The biodegradability and toxicity of the wastewater were also significantly enhanced and reduced, as the BOD/COD and EC<sub>50,48h</sub> values were increased to 0.48 and 57.62 % ± 2.16 %, respectively. The possible degradation pathway of CRO was proposed by LC‒MS. Cathodic polarization was proven to be an effective way to ensure the long-term durability of the Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-NTA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371723000355/pdfft?md5=76d8a16c8ba55e790c19e9701ad881c0&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371723000355-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138549203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinem Fundneider-Kale , Vanessa Acevedo Alonso , Markus Engelhart
{"title":"Investigating the biomass-specific inhibitory effect of benzalkonium chloride on anaerobic granules: A kinetic approach","authors":"Sinem Fundneider-Kale , Vanessa Acevedo Alonso , Markus Engelhart","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2023.100237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2023.100237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC), a quaternary ammonium compound commonly used in industrial disinfection processes, was studied for its biomass-specific inhibitory effect on the specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of anaerobic granules. Inhibition batch assays were conducted with varying BAC concentrations (5–40 mg/L), resulting in biomass-dependent inhibition. Considering its surface-active nature, a biomass-specific BAC load was a suitable parameter to determine IC<sub>50</sub> values, ranging from 4.3 to 6.1 mg BAC/g VS. For predicting the corresponding biomass-specific inhibition constant in ADM1, the inclusion of an additional adsorption-inhibition term was required for a better validation of results. The model yielded a biomass-specific IC<sub>50</sub> of 5.3 mg BAC/g VS. The results encourage a change in perspective on IC<sub>50</sub> for surfactants by determining a biomass-specific IC<sub>50</sub>, particularly in scenarios when surfactants accumulate within anaerobic reactors. Hereby, the reliability and practical relevance of IC<sub>50</sub> is increased, driving the development of mitigation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100237"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371723000379/pdfft?md5=de3b36c21751f1de7fcf0a170205cbf7&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371723000379-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138633722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Groundwater conservation, and recycling and reuse of textile wastewater in a denim industry of Bangladesh","authors":"Nazmun Nahar, Md. Sazzadul Haque, Shama E. Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2024.100249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bangladesh holds the 2nd position after China in the global apparel market in terms of denim export. In the textile industry clusters of Bangladesh, the groundwater level is depleting at an alarming rate due to overconsumption and mismanagement. The present study evaluates the groundwater conservation potential of a denim facility in Manikganj District through an effluent recycling and reuse approach. In this study, 100% treated wastewater and 10% treated wastewater mixed with softwater were utilized in the wet processing plant to dye and wash sample denim products and investigated for their fabric quality using seven parameters. The test results followed the requirements given by the North American and European fashion brands that source denim products from Bangladesh. The feasibility assessment of groundwater conservation through its high (100%) and low (10%) recycling rates indicated that the studied facility can potentially save around 619,230 m<sup>3</sup> and 61,923 m<sup>3</sup> of groundwater in a year, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100249"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371724000118/pdfft?md5=6fa116b401ee1d3dfa8cd278b661a830&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371724000118-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139737614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aura A. Ramón Vanegas , Juan Vásquez , Francisco Molina , Mariana Peñuela Vásquez
{"title":"Evaluation of anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using different sludges as inoculum","authors":"Aura A. Ramón Vanegas , Juan Vásquez , Francisco Molina , Mariana Peñuela Vásquez","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2024.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inoculum plays a crucial role in the start of anaerobic digestion. This study evaluates the impact of two different inocula on the anaerobic digestion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Inoculum A, sourced from a Wastewater Treatment Plant's anaerobic digester, and Inoculum B, from a palm oil extraction industry's oxidation lagoon, were compared. Acidogenic and methanogenic activity tests, using glucose and sodium acetate respectively, were conducted for each inoculum. After the activity test were carried out, the anaerobic digestion of POME was evaluated with each inoculum at two different temperatures (25 and 35 °C). Metataxonomic identification was performed on the microbial communities. Results show that Inoculum A had better acidogenic and methanogenic activities and led to a faster methane production and higher methane yields. The highest methane yields observed with Inoculum A were 490 N mL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS at 25 °C and 508.9 N mL CH<sub>4</sub>/g VS at 35 °C, respectively. The presence of <em>Clostridium</em> spp. as a dominant genus and the dominance of strict anaerobes over facultative anaerobes in the microbial community, seems to favor the anaerobic digestion of POME.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221237172400009X/pdfft?md5=588876919e8ae339cf37d10f09a733a4&pid=1-s2.0-S221237172400009X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139675992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bakhtiar Ali Samejo , Kainat Naseer , Suraya Samejo , Farooque Ahmed Janjhi , Najma Memon , Roberto Castro-Muñoz , Grzegorz Boczkaj
{"title":"MXene-based composites for capacitive deionization – The advantages, progress, and their role in desalination - A review","authors":"Bakhtiar Ali Samejo , Kainat Naseer , Suraya Samejo , Farooque Ahmed Janjhi , Najma Memon , Roberto Castro-Muñoz , Grzegorz Boczkaj","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2023.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2023.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>MXenes, a novel large family of 2D transition metal carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides are currently a “hot topic” in science due to their several fascinating physical and chemical properties. It follows from a rich diversity of their elemental compositions and chemical functionalities. MXenes can form composites with many substances, including polymers or metal oxides, which allows to effective “tune” MXene characteristics to a fit-to-the-purpose applications. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is currently widely studied as advanced desalination technique due to the advantages of cost-effectiveness, eco-friendly, and high salt removal capacity. One of key fields for CDI development relates to the ion's intercalation materials as concept taken from the sodium ion batteries, which is used in CDI because of their excellent desalination capacity<strong>.</strong> These materials provide effective sodium ions removal from the brine based on intercalation mechanism as well as redox reactions. In this review, we timely review an up-to-date accomplishment in the advancement of distinct MXene-based composite materials used as CDI electrodes, along with discussion of fundamental electrochemical energy storage mechanisms. The most relevant outcomes are highlighted together with the phenomena observed when applied in desalination applications. Finally, potential solutions as well as challenges in this field are summarized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371723000306/pdfft?md5=be53178db0c9a43c14432bdfefc29bda&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371723000306-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135371739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amir Mohammad Sheikh Asadi , Łukasz Cichocki , Ali Atamaleki , Marjan Hashemi , Holger Lutze , Muhammad Imran , Lingshuai Kong , Chongqing Wang , Grzegorz Boczkaj
{"title":"Catalysts for advanced oxidation processes: Deep eutectic solvents-assisted synthesis – A review","authors":"Amir Mohammad Sheikh Asadi , Łukasz Cichocki , Ali Atamaleki , Marjan Hashemi , Holger Lutze , Muhammad Imran , Lingshuai Kong , Chongqing Wang , Grzegorz Boczkaj","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New catalyst synthesis techniques, including green materials, are extensively studied for heterogeneous photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) on spotlight of sustainable development. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) started to be used in this field as environmentally friendly alternative to ionic liquids (ILs).</p><p>During the catalyst synthesis, DESs can act as stabilizers, capping agents, structure directing agents, templates, hydrolyzing agents, etching agents, intercalators, and latent supramolecular catalysts. Importantly, DESs have exhibited the ability to significantly influence catalyst morphology, functionalization and photocatalytic properties (confirmed both for classic UV lamps and light emitting diode (LED)), including band-gap modification.</p><p>DESs positive effect was proved for a variety of materials, including metal oxides, metalorganic (MO) complexes and doped materials, MXene (MAX phase etching in DES environment), inorganic-organic hybrids, carbo-catalysts. Substantial enhancements were obtained for modification of photocatalytic materials like TiO<sub>2</sub>, ZnO, MnO<sub>2</sub>, iron oxides, ceria oxides, CdS, bismuth based photocatalysts and biochar modification. In this aspect, a particular role of DESs was confirmed for synthesis of nanomaterials in a form of nanoparticles, nanopowders or nanosheets.</p><p>Effectiveness was further increased by oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide, persulfates and Fenton process. Effective application of DES-modified catalysts was confirmed for degradation of dyes (Rhodamine B, Reactive orange 16, Safranine, Orange II, methylene blue), pharmaceuticals and antibiotics (Cefixime, Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Flumequine, Sulfamethaxazole), PFASs (Perfluorooctanoic acid) and Cr(VI). This reveals high potential of DES based photocatalysts for environmental engineering and remediation.</p><p>There are still remaining a significant gaps in our understanding of the roles and impacts of DESs in AOPs. Furthermore, there is an absence of data regarding the recovery of DESs in the catalyst synthesis processes applied in AOPs. Addressing this aspects is vital for economic and environmentally friendly applications. As research progresses, it is essential to unravel the intricacies of DES-mediated catalyst synthesis and their broader consequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100251"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371724000131/pdfft?md5=974409e5cbca9f07bca58c42ec78b75b&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371724000131-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140086648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tailoring photocatalytic performance through Fe-doped TiO2/ZnO for effective remediation of organic contaminants","authors":"Yalda Davoodi, Mohammad Saleh Shafeeyan","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of highly efficient photocatalysts holds significant promise for addressing contemporary environmental challenges. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a novel photocatalyst, iron-doped TiO<sub>2</sub>/ZnO particles, created through the sol-gel technique. The incorporation of iron ions into the crystalline structure of TiO<sub>2</sub>/ZnO aims to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO<sub>2</sub>. The findings revealed that Fe–ZnO/TiO<sub>2</sub> exhibits a more thermally stable lattice compared to TiO<sub>2</sub>/ZnO, thereby retarding the phase transformation from anatase to rutile under higher calcination temperature. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized photocatalyst was evaluated through the degradation of methyl orange under visible light irradiation. A statistical response surface methodology based on a central composite design was employed to develop a predictive model for color removal (as the dependent variable) considering variations in irradiation intensity, initial color concentration, catalyst concentration, reaction time, and pH (as independent variables). The analysis of variance identified the initial color concentration as the most influential factor, negatively affecting the predicted response. The experimental values of color removal exhibited good agreement with the predicted values from the regression model with a coefficient of determination of 0.949, indicating the accuracy of this model in predicting the mentioned outcomes. The presented model indicated that, for a sample of methyl orange with an initial concentration of 21.97 ppm, a reaction time of 117.69 min under direct irradiation of 21.63 W, a catalyst concentration of 0.61 g/L, and a pH of 4.74, the optimal color removal efficiency of 78.99 % was achieved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100239"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371724000015/pdfft?md5=f812791dac071f513fc687f9ac04efec&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371724000015-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139392958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Degradation of enrofloxacin with natural manganese oxides and enhancement by manganese oxidizing bacteria","authors":"Qiqi Zhang, Yiming Tan, Ying Chen, Anlin Xu, Yongjun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.wri.2024.100257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2024.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural manganese oxides (n-MnOx) widely exist in the nature and may contribute to the elimination of organic contaminants. The present study investigated the degradation of frequently detected fluoroquinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin (EFX) and the degradation kinetics were analyzed. During the reaction, the valence of Mn in n-MnOx changed with the release of Mn ions. It was also found that combing manganese oxidizing bacteria with n-MnOx can enhance the degradation of EFX and alter the degradation pathway as well. The transformation products of EFX were analyzed with UPLC-MS/MS, which revealed seven products. Based on them, it is proposed that the degradation may start with the dehydrogenation from the piperazine moiety that was further broken down. Respirometry tests demonstrated that the degradation with n-MnOx significantly reduced the toxicity of EFX. This study proved the oxidation with n-MnOx as a simple and effective technology to remediate the contamination of enrofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones and the potential of combing the special capacity of microorganisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23714,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Industry","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212371724000192/pdfft?md5=424cb47b6ab1e9d85d4e9d23fba4a459&pid=1-s2.0-S2212371724000192-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140646872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}