The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology最新文献_第5页

インフォームド・コンセント口頭説明場面における医師の説明表現および態度が患者に与える影響:一般市民を対象としたビデオ視聴による調査知情同意口头说明场景中医生的说明和态度对患者的影响:通过观看面向公众的视频调查

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2012-08-31 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.10.81

野呂幾久子, 俊亮邑本, 章浩山岡

引用次数: 0

Type of category rules affects the occurrence of categorical perception 范畴规则的类型影响范畴知觉的发生

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.9.9

Takashi Suegami, C. Michimata

{"title":"Type of category rules affects the occurrence of categorical perception","authors":"Takashi Suegami, C. Michimata","doi":"10.5265/JCOGPSY.9.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5265/JCOGPSY.9.9","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies (e.g., O »zgen & Davies, 2002) have demonstrated that learning novel categories induces categorical perception (better discrimination for between-category pairs than for withincategory pairs). On the other hand, Ashby, Alfonso-Reese, Turken, and Waldron (1998) have argued that the rule-based (RB) category, which is defined in terms of verbalizable rules, and the information-integration (II) category, which is defined in terms of nonverbal rules, are learned by different systems. The present study investigates whether the learning of the RB and the II categories produces categorical perception. Ten participants learned the RB category and another 10 learned the II category. Another 15 participants did not learn any category. After category learning, the participants performed a delayed discrimination task. The results showed that the accuracy for between-category discrimination was higher than that for within-category discrimination in the RB category learners. However, this between-category advantage was not observed in the II category learners. The results suggest that RB category learning, but not II category learning, produces categorical perception. The relation between category learning and categorical perception is discussed.","PeriodicalId":237139,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122991694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The role of the central executive in the storage of visually-constructed images 中央执行系统在视觉图像存储中的作用

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2011-02-28 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.8.99

Tadamasa Narimoto

{"title":"The role of the central executive in the storage of visually-constructed images","authors":"Tadamasa Narimoto","doi":"10.5265/JCOGPSY.8.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5265/JCOGPSY.8.99","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examines whether the storage of a visually-constructed image requires executive resources. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine how long a visually-constructed pattern (imaging task) could be stored without sufficient rehearsal at 1 s, 6 s, and 11 s intervals. The results indicate that memory performance was significantly disrupted at the 11 s interval. Using this interval, memory performances for the imaging task and a perceptual task (requiring the temporary storage of a perceived pattern) were compared in Experiment 2. The two memory tasks were matched in terms of their degree of difficulty. During the interval, participants performed either an articulatory suppression task that interferes with the maintenance of verbally-coded materials or a random number generation (RNG) task that interferes with executive resources. The results indicate that performance for the imaging task, compared to the perceptual task, was severely disrupted by the RNG task, while performance of both memory tasks was not disrupted by the suppression task. This suggests that maintenance of a visually-constructed image, which does not involve verbal processing, is a function that requires executive resources.","PeriodicalId":237139,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129732499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

裁判員制度に対する参加意向・要望に影響を及ぼす認知・感情要因の関連性：定職の有無による比較对陪审员制度的参与意向、要求产生影响的认知、感情因素的关联性:根据是否有固定职业进行比较

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2010-02-28 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.7.89

秀雄上市, 孝楠見

{"title":"裁判員制度に対する参加意向・要望に影響を及ぼす認知・感情要因の関連性：定職の有無による比較","authors":"秀雄上市, 孝楠見","doi":"10.5265/JCOGPSY.7.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5265/JCOGPSY.7.89","url":null,"abstract":"本研究の目的は，裁判員制度に対する参加意向や要望に，認知・感情要因がどのように影響しているかを明らかにすることである．分析対象者は，20から70歳の成人321名である．その結果，裁判員への参加意向は低く，裁判員に対する不安感やストレスそして裁判員になることのリスクが大きいと認識していることが示された．定職がない人のほうが，定職がある人より，裁判員になることに対して不安感やストレスが大きく，裁判員制度に対して強い要望をもっていることが明らかとなった．また定職のある人は，裁判員制度に関する知識があるが，仕事や職場に迷惑がかかると思っている傾向が高いことが分かった．さらに，定職あり群と定職なし群における要因間の関連性に関しては，1) 不安感→ストレス→後悔予期という感情的プロセスと，2) 裁判員リスク認知→裁判員ベネフィット認知→裁判員コスト認知という認知的プロセスがあることが分かった．さらにこれらプロセスは情報接触量・知識量の影響を受けていた．よって参加意向を高めるためには，裁判員制度に関する知識が重要であることが分かった．","PeriodicalId":237139,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130503015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Roles of Endpoints and Closures in a Detection Task 端点和闭包在检测任务中的作用

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2010-02-28 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.7.113

Fumio Kanbe

引用次数: 0

におい手がかりの命名，感情喚起度，および快-不快度が自伝的記憶の想起に及ぼす影響气味线索的命名，情感唤起度，以及快感和不快感对回忆的影响

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2010-02-28 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.7.127

晃輔山本, 幸正野村

引用次数: 1

Effects of instructions that invoke intentions to perform activities on the intention superiority effect in prospective memory. 意向指令对前瞻记忆中意向优势效应的影响。

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2009-02-01 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.6.109

Aya Sato, Yuji Hoshino

{"title":"Effects of instructions that invoke intentions to perform activities on the intention superiority effect in prospective memory.","authors":"Aya Sato, Yuji Hoshino","doi":"10.5265/JCOGPSY.6.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5265/JCOGPSY.6.109","url":null,"abstract":"意図優位性効果とは，遂行意図を伴った記憶は伴っていない記憶と比較してアクセシビリティが高いことを指す．本研究では，意図優位性効果の生起要因が，遂行を予期したスクリプトの符号化によるものであるのか，実験者からの遂行指示によるものであるのかについて検討するため，三つの実験を行った．被験者はスクリプトを遂行するか，実験者によるスクリプト遂行を観察するかのどちらかが求められた．二つのスクリプトを学習した後，被験者はどちらか一つのスクリプトを観察もしくは遂行することが指示された．その後の語彙判断課題において，遂行スクリプトもしくは観察スクリプトで使用された単語と中性スクリプトで使用された単語の反応時間を比較した．実験1では，遂行を予期させ二つのスクリプトを符号化させた後，実験者が一つのスクリプトに対し遂行指示を行った．実験2では，遂行を予期させ二つのスクリプトを符号化させた後，実験者が一つのスクリプトに対し観察指示を行った．実験3では，観察を予期させ二つのスクリプトを符号化させた後，実験者が一つのスクリプトに対し遂行指示を行った．その結果，実験1と実験3においては意図優位性効果が出現したが，実験2では出現しなかった．以上から，意図優位性効果の出現には実験者からの遂行指示が重要な要因であることが示唆された．","PeriodicalId":237139,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132787924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Encoding times for phonograms in English and Japanese readers: Eliminating the time for attention switching 英语和日语读卡器中留声机的编码时间:消除注意力转换的时间

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2008-02-29 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.5.93

R. Mizuno, T. Matsui, J. Harman, F. Bellezza

{"title":"Encoding times for phonograms in English and Japanese readers: Eliminating the time for attention switching","authors":"R. Mizuno, T. Matsui, J. Harman, F. Bellezza","doi":"10.5265/JCOGPSY.5.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5265/JCOGPSY.5.93","url":null,"abstract":"In our previous letter-matching experiments with native English and Japanese readers employing phonograms as stimuli, physical-matching reaction times (RTs) for Japanese readers were the shortest. We hypothesized that the heavy reliance of Japanese readers on visual codes in processing Kanji dominant texts extends to the processing of phonograms, which leads to short visual encoding times. However, all matching RTs at shorter inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) were prolonged due to some factor other than encoding, making it impossible to determine encoding times based on matching RTs. Assuming this factor to be the time required for attention switching, we measured simple RTs in order to determine attention-switching times in addition to matching RTs in two letter-matching experiments that manipulated the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) by varying first letter presentation times for alphabetic and Japanese phonograms with English and Japanese readers. Simple RTs were found to be longer at shorter SOAs, which is consistent with our assumption. Net matching RTs calculated by eliminating the time required for attention switching indicated that both visual and phonological encodings by native English readers were completed between 100 ms and 300 ms. In contrast, in native Japanese readers, visual encoding was completed within 100 ms, while phonological encoding required the same amount of time as native English readers, which supports our hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":237139,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127882171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

文章理解における文脈制約が下位目標・上位目標・因果的前提の推論に及ぼす影響文章理解的语境限制对下位目标、上位目标、因果前提的推论产生的影响

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2008-02-29 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.5.141

敬介猪原, 孝彦堀内, 孝楠見

{"title":"文章理解における文脈制約が下位目標・上位目標・因果的前提の推論に及ぼす影響","authors":"敬介猪原, 孝彦堀内, 孝楠見","doi":"10.5265/JCOGPSY.5.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5265/JCOGPSY.5.141","url":null,"abstract":"本研究では，スクリプトに基づいた文章において生じるオンライン推論について検討した．因果的前提の推論(例：この事故はなぜ起きたのか)，上位目標の推論(例：彼はなぜそのようなことを言ったのか)，下位目標の推論(例：彼女はどのようにして大金を稼いだのか)という3タイプの推論が取り上げられた．コンストラクショニスト理論(Graesser，Singer，& Trabasso，1994)では，下位目標の推論はオフラインでしか起こらないと予測されている．本研究では，スクリプトに基づいた文章がオンライン推論を促進すると仮定され，参加者に呈示された．本研究で行われた2つの実験では，参加者は8つのストーリーを読み，行を再認項目とする再認課題を受けた．さらに実験2では，実験1の手続きに加えて再認課題への学習意図が操作された．結果は，直前の行が削除される条件において，推論タイプおよび学習意図にかかわらず，読み時間が増加した．さらに，文章中から削除されていた行が再認項目として呈示された際の正棄却時間，虚再認率が読み時間と同様のパターンで増加した．これらの結果は，コンストラクショニスト理論の予測に反し，読み手が因果的前提の推論および上位目標の推論のみならず，下位目標の推論をもオンラインで推論していることを示唆した．","PeriodicalId":237139,"journal":{"name":"The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126656445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

検索誘導性忘却における反応基準と回想経験の役割：Remember/Know手続きを用いた検討反应基准与回忆经验在搜索诱导性遗忘中的作用:使用Remember/Know程序的探讨

The Japanese journal of cognitive psychology Pub Date : 2007-08-31 DOI: 10.5265/JCOGPSY.5.23

克也丹藤

引用次数: 0