World journal of microbiology & biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Bioprospecting and mode of action of volatile organic compounds from morphospecies of the endophytic fungus Hypoxylon anthochroum in the field of bioherbicides.","authors":"Gonzalo Roque-Flores, Martha Lydia Macías-Rubalcava, Jacqueline Fuentes-Jaime, Celia Bustos-Brito, Rogerio Alejandro Saavedra-Barrera, Baldomero Esquivel","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04603-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11274-025-04603-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present investigation, we explore the bioherbicidal activity of seven selected organic compounds (VOCs), previously identified as constituents of mixtures from four Hypoxylon anthochroum endophytic morphospecies. VOCs included four alcohols and three monoterpenes: 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-phenylethanol, and eucalyptol, ocimene and terpinolene. Individual VOCs or VOCs' mixtures exhibit strong bioherbicidal potential demonstrated through their phytotoxic effect on four herbaceous weed plants and one aquatic plant. VOCs demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on the seed germination, root growth, and seedling respiration of four common herbaceous plants, including Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Trifolium pratense, Medicago sativa and Panicum miliaceum. In general, root growth was the most affected physiological process across all species, and A. hypochondriacus was the most affected. VOCs' mixtures exhibit higher activity than pure compounds, at the same time, total mixture (M_total; 7 VOCs) and the alcohol mixture (M_alcohol; 4 VOCs) demonstrated greater bioherbicidal potential than terpene mixture (M_terpene; 3 VOCs). In addition, we study the mode of action and mechanisms of phytotoxicity of VOCs evaluated on basal mitochondrial respiration and on the integrity or permeability of the mitochondrial membrane. In general, individual VOCs and VOCs' mixtures have the potential to disrupt cellular respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential of intact mitochondria isolated from M. sativa seedlings. Once again, VOCs' mixtures exhibit higher phytotoxicity on respiration and mitochondrial membrane potential than pure compounds, at the same time, M_total and M_alcohol present higher activity than M_terpene. Finally, individual VOCs or VOCs' mixtures showed phytotoxic effect on the aquatic plant Lemna gibba. Monoterpenes and VOCs' mixtures proves to be the most effective. VOCs were proved to be promising candidates for the development of bioherbicides with specific targets of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"374"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immobilization of laccase isolated from Trametes trogii on chitosan-based membrane and its application in the biodegradation of atrazine and trifloxystrobin pesticides.","authors":"Aysel Alkan Uçkun, Miraç Uçkun, Şeyma Akkurt, Emre Birhanlı, Büşra Bakar, Ahmet Ulu, Özfer Yeşilada","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04624-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-025-04624-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, focus has been placed on various enzyme immobilization applications as effective, eco-friendly, and low-cost methods for the degradation of pesticides in water. Laccases are very effective biocatalysts that are frequently used in environmental remediation applications. In this research, the use of a biocatalyst obtained by immobilizing laccase purified from Trametes trogii on chitosan-polyethylene glycol methyl ether (Lac/CH/MPEG) in the degradation of atrazine (ATR) and trifloxystrobin (TFS) pesticides in water was investigated. The degradation of these pesticides with this synthesized biocatalyst is the first in the literature. Therefore, primarily, the basic physicochemical parameters and mechanical properties of Lac/CH/MPEG prepared before and after immobilization were investigated. Structural analysis and morphological imaging of Lac/CH/MPEG before and after degradation of ATR and TFS were also performed. In the degradation tests, the initial concentrations at which optimum degradation rates were observed for ATR (72%) and TFS (85%) were 1 mg L^-1 and 0.5 mg L^-1, and the contact times were 24 h and 12 h, respectively. Additionally, the reuse cycles of Lac/CH/MPEG in ATR and TFS degradation were found to be 5 and 6, respectively. These findings showed that TFS was degraded faster and more effectively than ATR. Compared to several biocatalysts in the literature, ours was shown to degrade pesticides more quickly and efficiently. Considering all the findings, it can be concluded that this novel Lac/CH/MPEG biocatalysts is promising, can be applied, and can be successfully used as an alternative agent for quick and efficient degradation of ATR and TFS in water/wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"378"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and reproductive modes of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus isolated from cashew nuts in coastal Kenya.","authors":"Pauline Wambui Gachanja, Manase Aloo Onyango, Eugene Mwanza Muzami, Kyalo Katua, Colletah Rhoda Musangi, Dennis Wamalabe Mukhebi, Bicko Steve Juma, Cecilia Mbithe Mweu, Virginia Gathoni Gichuru, Wilton Mwema Mbinda","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04612-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11274-025-04612-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a major cash crop in the coastal region of Kenya, as a source of livelihood for small-scale farmers in Kilifi, Kwale and Lamu counties. Despite being an important food crop, cashew nuts are highly susceptible to aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus, primarily due to their nutritional profile and poor pre-harvest and post-harvest practices. The presence of aflatoxins poses significant health risks to consumers of cashew nuts due to the carcinogenic, genotoxic, and hepatotoxic nature of these toxins. The detection of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus flavus in cashew nuts from coastal Kenya demonstrates the necessity for comprehensive research aimed at mitigating the risk of aflatoxicosis outbreaks, which continue to pose a major public health challenge in the country. In this study, we report for the first time the genetic diversity and modes of reproduction of aflatoxigenic A. flavus using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. 33,752 bi-allelic SNPs obtained from 17 A. flavus isolates from Kilifi, Kwale and Lamu counties were used. Our analyses revealed a lack of differentiation and low genetic diversity among A. flavus populations from cashew nuts in the coastal region. Both heterothallic and homothallic A. flavus isolates were observed, with heterothallic and MAT1-2 genes being more predominant. Clonal reproduction was evidenced by the unequal distribution of mating type genes and the observed low genetic diversity. Further analysis of the extent of recombination and linkage disequilibrium (LD) found A. flavus population to be sexually recombining, although we hesitate to interpret these results due to the small sample sizes. Our phylogenetic analyses indicated that our populations are likely to produce low levels of aflatoxins. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the population genetics of A. flavus, which can inform future research and strategies to mitigate aflatoxin contamination in cashew nuts, ensuring consumer safety and safeguarding the source of income for the people of the coastal region of Kenya.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial ecology and functional landscape of black soldier fly larval bioconversion of orange waste: A metataxonomic perspective.","authors":"Ademola Zaid Aderolu, Lateef Babatunde Salam, Muyideen Owonire Lawal, Lasbat F Kabiawu-Mutiu, Martin E Bassey, Muminat A Shobande","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04622-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-025-04622-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accumulation of citrus waste, particularly orange waste (OW), presents significant environmental and economic challenges in Nigeria and worldwide. This study presents the first high-resolution, species-level metataxonomic analysis of OW bioconversion mediated by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) in a West African context, addressing a critical gap in region-specific microbial ecology. Using long-read PacBio 16S rRNA sequencing and PICRUSt2-based functional prediction, microbial communities were profiled across three ecologically distinct substrates: untreated OW, BSFL gut microbiota (OW-BSFL), and post-digestion frass (OWF). Results revealed a dramatic microbial shift driven by host filtering: the OW-BSFL metagenome was overwhelmingly dominated (> 96%) by Lysinibacillus and Cytobacillus, while OWF exhibited markedly higher diversity (263 species), including Mycolatisynbacter and Sphingobacterium. Functional analysis revealed a significant enrichment of genes associated with carbohydrate (e.g., COG2814, COG0726) and amino acid metabolism (e.g., COG1173, COG0444) in the BSFL gut, indicating an elevated enzymatic processing capacity during waste digestion. In contrast, OWF displayed unique enrichment in genes associated with residual carbohydrate turnover and environmental colonization. This microbial succession highlights the selective enrichment and functional specialization that occur across the substrate-gut-frass continuum. By elucidating keystone taxa and metabolic signatures, the study not only advances understanding of insect-microbiome symbiosis but also provides a microbial blueprint for optimizing waste-to-value strategies. The findings support the deployment of BSFL bioconversion as a scalable, sustainable solution for organic waste valorization and biofertilizer production in sub-Saharan Africa's circular bioeconomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"377"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineered Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Levilactobacillus brevis utilizing ribonucleoprotein-mediated editing for inactivation of hemolysin gene.","authors":"Hea Joon Kim, Min Young Kwon, Seongbong Song, Seong Won Cheon, Hyo Jin Kim","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04598-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-025-04598-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Levilactobacillus brevis are widely used probiotics with significant potential as chassis organisms for probiotic engineering. However, their bioengineering remains underdeveloped compared to that of other probiotic bacteria due to the limited availability of genetic tools. Although CRISPR-Cas systems have shown promise for genome editing in Lactobacillus species, strain- or site-specific targeting challenges must be overcome to enhance their broader applicability. This study aimed to develop a novel editing system with reduced dependency on plasmids and antibiotics in L. plantarum WCFS1, L. plantarum SPC 72 - 1 and L. brevis SPC-SNU 70 - 2 using a Cas9-gRNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. Although the hlyIII gene has been annotated as a hemolysin-related gene in several Lactobacillus genomes, no functional hemolytic activity has been definitively demonstrated to date. In this study, hlyIII was selected as a target to evaluate genome editing efficiency and to assess its potential relevance to strain safety. To construct ΔhlyIII strains, the RNP complex targeting hlyIII was separately transformed with recombinase RecE/T and double-stranded donor DNA. As a result, ΔhlyIII mutants were obtained under optimized electroporation conditions. Sequencing analysis revealed a 50 bp deletion and the introduction of a stop codon in hlyIII across all mutant strains. The hemolytic activity test showed a reduction in free hemoglobin levels in the ΔhlyIII strains compared to the wild type: 27.0%, 74.3%, and 5.0% in L. plantarum WCFS1, L. plantarum SPC 72 - 1, and L. brevis SPC-SNU 70 - 2, respectively. These results suggest strain-dependent differences in hemolytic activity and indicate that inactivation of hlyIII may contribute to reduced hemolysis, although further validation is needed to clarify its functional role. In conclusion, the hlyIII gene was successfully edited in L. plantarum and L. brevis using Cas9-gRNA ribonucleoprotein-mediated editing, demonstrating the feasibility of this genome editing platform for application in probiotic strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interspecies electron transfer of mixed-species biofilms in microbial corrosion of metals: mechanisms and mitigation strategies.","authors":"Mohammed Arroussi, Khaled Al-Athel, Ihsan Ulhaq Toor, Ruiyong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04599-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11274-025-04599-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biofilm formation on the surfaces of metallic materials can initiate microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), a significant issue for numerous industries, including oil and gas, nuclear power, and marine platforms. Despite notable advancements in understanding biocorrosion mechanisms of electroactive microbes using pure microbial cultures, these culture studies do not reveal the complexity of corrosion in real environments because microorganisms do not naturally live in isolation but tend to develop very complex interactions among species. Yet, the mechanisms of multispecies biofilms in MIC are poorly understood. This review comprehensively discusses mechanisms through which multispecies biofilms contribute to the corrosion of various metallic materials via mediated interspecies electron transfer (MIET) and direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). IET-MIC facilitated by nanomaterials or deposits is also discussed in detail. The review further elaborates on the current mitigation strategies, such as extracellular enzymes, cell-signaling inhibitors, secretion of antibiotics, and antimicrobial coatings for practical mitigation of MIC. This review aims to raise awareness among MIC researchers about the complexity of corrosion induced by multispecies biofilms, and challenges associated with mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulations of novel microbial medium from beetroot powder: a sustainable substitute for commercial Man-de-Rogosa Sharp agar (MRS) in cultivating lactic acid bacteria.","authors":"Belhadj Oussama, Sahnouni Fatima, Hariri Ahmed, Souafi Kheira, Missoum Ilham","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04561-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-025-04561-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This preliminary study investigates the feasibility of utilizing Algerian beetroot as a sustainable alternative to commercial Man-de-Rogosa Sharp Agar (MRS) for cultivating lactic acid bacteria. The research explores the optimization of microbial media formulations incorporating beetroot powder and assesses its efficacy in supporting the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Enterococcus durans. Methodologically, vegetal samples were harvested and dried, bacterial strains prepared, and phytochemical analyses conducted. Titratable acidity and sugar content in the beet-based medium were measured, revealing pH 5.5, 13% titratable acidity, and 67 g/L sugar content. Results indicate that while beetroot juice alone exhibited limited bacterial growth due to its inadequate nutritional properties, formulations incorporating additives such as magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and di-potassium phosphate showed improved growth. Particularly, the formulation \"BJFA-SM\" (with manganese sulfate) demonstrated comparable growth to MRS, with reduced generation times for L. fermentum and E. durans. Additionally, the disappearance of betalain pigment from beetroot-based media indicates successful bacterial growth. Agar plate testing has revealed similar macroscopic characteristics and cell counts to the MRS medium indicating the potential of beetroot-based media as a sustainable substitute for traditional growth media. Finally, the BJFA-MS medium showed superior growth for L. plantarum, E. durans, and L. fermentum compared to MRS, with faster growth rates. However, it exhibited lower acid production efficiency than MRS. This study underscores the viability of beetroot-derived formulations as eco-friendly alternatives for cultivating lactic acid bacteria, with implications for sustainable microbiology research and biotechnological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"372"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of beer residual yeast as a substrate for the biotechnological process of hyaluronic acid production.","authors":"Vaniele Bugoni Martins, Ana Paula Capelezzo, Julia A T Cella, Thalia Bitencourt, Tatianne Dias Moreira, Afonso Henrique da Silva Júnior, Cláudia Sayer, Josiane Maria Muneron de Mello, Ana Paula Immich","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04583-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11274-025-04583-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for waste reuse is essential to promote sustainability and avoid environmental impacts. The brewing industry, responsible for producing billions of liters of beer, uses yeast as one of its main inputs. It is responsible for the fermentation process, which is discarded after a few cycles of use due to loss of efficiency. In this context, this study aims to characterize yeast from beer production and investigate its potential use as a substrate for the fermentation process, aiming to produce hyaluronic acid. The residual yeast was characterized in terms of acidity, moisture, ash, total proteins, and lipids, subsequently used as a substrate for the production of hyaluronic acid using the bacterium Streptococcus zooepidemicus as a microorganism. The residual yeast showed a high protein content of 41.69%, and its use increased the production of hyaluronic acid by 58% compared to a conventional synthetic substrate. The yield in relation to biomass, Y_{AH, X} (g/g) was 0.250, which was higher than conventional yeast. The supplementation of mineral salts to the culture medium containing the residual brewer's yeast disfavored the production of hyaluronic acid, possibly due to the inhibition or death he microorganism responsible for fermentation and consequent production of HA. The results indicated the potential of applying residual brewer's yeast in biotechnological processes, contributing to the valorization of this residue.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"371"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Methylotrophic actinobacteria and bacteria with varying methanol carbon use efficiency on rice growth and development.","authors":"T Kavya, Geeta Singh, Venkadasamy Govindasamy, Bhaskar Reddy S, Praveen S Patted","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04567-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-025-04567-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study utilized methylotrophic actinobacteria and bacteria isolated from rice rhizosphere soil, differentiated based on their methanol carbon use efficiency, as a sustainable strategy to reduce methane gas emissions and improve the growth and yield of Basmati rice (PB1121). Inoculating Basmati rice seeds with both inefficient methanol carbon utilizers (Streptomyces capillispiralis strain KA10, Streptomyces albogriseolus strain D4, Sphingobium sp strain MB6) and efficient utilizers (Streptomyces tritici strain KA11, Streptomyces macrosporeus strain U3 and Rhizobium pusense strain MB4) significantly enhanced the germination percentage, shoot length, root length, and seed vigour index compared to the uninoculated control. Results from pot experiments demonstrated the highest values of leaf chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids (1.94, 1.35, and 3.81 mg g^-1 of FW) in treatments inoculated with methylotrophs compared to the uninoculated control (0.52, 0.17, and 2.35 mg g^-1 of FW). In addition, leaf phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents increased by 45% and 13% over the control, respectively. The methylotroph inoculations also enhanced root architecture and plant yield parameters, including fresh shoot weight, biological yield, number of grains per plant, and harvest index, compared to the control. The significantly highest grain yield was recorded in the Rhizobium pusense strain MB4 inoculated plants with 75% increase as compared to the uninoculated plants. Pearson correlation analysis showed a highly significant positive correlation between grain yield and the number of grains per plant (r = 0.87) as well as shoot length (r = 0.85). The path coefficient analysis at phenotypic level revealed a positive direct effect of grain yield on harvest index, proline content, total chlorophyll, and indirect positive effects on all the studied yield related traits, except for root dry weight, root to shoot ratio and total carotenoids. In conclusion, methylotrophic actinobacteria and bacteria hold great potential as bio-inoculants with a dual role in promoting sustainable rice production and reducing global warming.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"367"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental validation of emamectin as predicted from the meta-analysis of in planta RNA-Seq data as a potential antifungal agent against Magnaporthe oryzae.","authors":"Priya V K, Riya Rachel Varghese, Jayachandran K, Radhakrishnan E K","doi":"10.1007/s11274-025-04571-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-025-04571-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnaporthe oryzae is a fungus that infects monocotyledons such as rice, causing rice blast with reduced grain quality and hence is a significant challenge to food security. Although several fungicides are used, they are less effective and toxic with prolonged application. In this work on M. oryzae, we identified the protein targets that could be used for anti-fungal drug design based on meta-analysis of RNA-seq data retrieved from five experiments conducted on in planta M. oryzae isolated from infected rice at different time points ( < = 144 hpi). Through RNA-seq analysis, highly expressed genes (HEGs) were identified that were common across different experiments. WGCNA analysis further revealed clusters of co-expressed genes from which hub genes were identified which were also highly expressed. From the results of this study, genes such as MGG_05447, MGG_04732, and MGG_03619 were identified as potential targets for designing more effective fungicides. We selected MGG_04732 (chitinase) as a drug target and using virtual screening, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, we identified emamectin as a potential antifungal agent that could act against it. The antifungal effectiveness of emamectin was further confirmed experimentally which showed it to have the ability to inhibit the growth of M. oryzae as demonstrated by the reduction in radial growth and melanin content. The results of this paper could be utilized for further field studies and applied in the design of new antifungals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23703,"journal":{"name":"World journal of microbiology & biotechnology","volume":"41 10","pages":"369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}