Vector borne and zoonotic diseases最新文献

{"title":"The Evolving Landscape of Monkeypox: From Endemic Pathogen to Global Threat.","authors":"Tanisha Bhimwal, Mohammad Aaquib, Mukta Yadav, Tanisha Goyal, Anjali Priyadarshani","doi":"10.1177/15303667261469046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15303667261469046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Monkeypox (mpox) is a reemerging viral zoonosis caused by the mpox virus (MPXV) that has significant global public health implications following the 2022 and 2024 outbreaks. This review examines the evolving landscape of MPXV, focusing on its genomic organization, epidemiological shifts, phylogenetic relationship with variola virus, zoonotic transmission cycles, and the critical interventions for therapeutic targets and vaccine development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive narrative review of literature from 2020 to 2026 was conducted. Key thematic insights were synthesized using Bibliometrix, Scopus Analytics, and VOSviewer to analyze global trends in transmission dynamics, clinical manifestations, and therapeutic interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review highlights the divergence of MPXV into Clades I and II, noting that while Clade IIb drove the 2022 global outbreak, the more virulent Clade Ib has dominated the 2024 reemergence. Zoonotic spillover remains a primary risk through contact with reservoirs such as rope squirrels and Gambian pouch rats, although human-to-human transmission has evolved to include rapid community spread among specific high-risk populations. Genomic analyses identify key mutations in proteins like H3L that facilitate host-specific adaptability and immune evasion. Current clinical management relies on supportive care, with targeted use of the JYNNEOS vaccine and antivirals like tecovirimat for severe cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The continued reemergence of mpox underscores the necessity for an integrated \"One Health\" approach to surveillance and pandemic preparedness. Future research must prioritize environmental wildlife monitoring, genomic surveillance of emerging clades, and the development of multi-epitope vaccines to effectively mitigate both zoonotic spillover and human transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"15303667261469046"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148521058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and Genetic Evolutionary Characteristics of Dengue Virus in Hainan Province, China, Based on Whole-Genome Sequencing and Serological Data.","authors":"Zi-Meng Cheng, Bing-Hui Xia, Ping Li, Xin-Hang Ning, Zi-Hui Zhuang, Qiang Zhou, Yong-Zhe Zhu, Hao Ren","doi":"10.1177/15303667261438094","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261438094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dengue fever is one of the most widely distributed vector-borne infectious diseases globally, prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. An estimated 3.9 billion people in 128 countries are at risk of infection globally, and the 2024 outbreak was the most severe. As a tropical region, Hainan Province in China serves as a significant endemic area for dengue fever, where epidemic prevention and control remain critical.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the transmission dynamics and pathogen variation characteristics of the 2024 dengue fever outbreak in Hainan Province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Acute-phase serum samples from 18 confirmed dengue cases during the 2024 outbreak in Hainan Province were collected and serotyped using TaqMan real-time PCR. The viral envelope (E) gene and representative whole genomes were sequenced and compared with domestic reference strains to assess epidemic trends. Phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses were performed based on E gene and full-genome sequences to infer spatiotemporal transmission dynamics. Sequence alignment and homology modeling were used to identify E gene mutations and evaluate their potential effects on E protein functional domains and viral pathogenicity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 18 samples, 17 were dengue virus (DENV)-1, and 1 was DENV-3. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the primary strains in this outbreak were highly homologous to those circulating in Guangdong Province; however, two strains exhibited significant genetic differences, suggesting possible independent introduction. Additionally, two unique DENV-1 E gene mutations (D147N and S338L) were identified, which we hypothesize may be associated with viral characteristics, subject to further functional verification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study systematically reveals the epidemiological characteristics of the 2024 dengue fever outbreak and provides a scientific basis for formulating local control strategies and a research foundation for further exploring the molecular-level pathogenicity and transmissibility of DENV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"423-432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic Predictors of Lyme Disease Knowledge Among Parents in a Highly Endemic Area.","authors":"Sheila Krishnan, Xiaoyue Zhang, Andrew S Handel","doi":"10.1177/15303667261428590","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261428590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lyme disease is a growing public health concern in the United States. Despite higher rates of infection among children and disseminated disease among racial minorities, few studies have investigated the role of health care inequities on tick-borne disease knowledge among parents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a single-center, cross-sectional, anonymous survey of tick-borne disease recognition and prevention strategies among English- and Spanish-speaking parents/caregivers in a region of high Lyme disease incidence (Long Island, New York). Survey questions consisted of demographics, knowledge assessment, and tick bite prevention practices. Survey responses were analyzed with descriptive statistics and a multivariable logistic regression model to identify associations between participant characteristics and a calculated knowledge score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 120 participants completed the survey, including 95 (79.2%) English speakers and 25 (20.8%) Spanish speakers. Of these, 72 participants (60%) answered all 4 knowledge questions correctly, and 94 (78.3%) answered 75% of the knowledge questions correctly. English language preference was associated with higher knowledge scores on univariate but not multivariable analysis. Multivariable analysis identified Hispanic or Latino race/ethnicity, lower household income, and fewer years of residence on Long Island as predictors of lower Lyme disease knowledge scores.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings highlight the role of adverse social determinants of health on Lyme disease risk, underscoring the need for focused educational interventions on high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"389-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines with Respect to Potential Veterinary Use.","authors":"Audrey Matheny, Susan M Hettenbach, Ashlie M Ake, Stephen Higgs, Dana L Vanlandingham","doi":"10.1177/15303667261434503","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261434503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a reemerging vector-borne orthoflavivirus of significant public and animal health concern. Infection with JEV can cause inapparent, mild, or fatal encephalitis in humans and animals. The virus, which circulates primarily in Southeast Asia, has caused outbreaks in humans and livestock in nonendemic regions, leading to human disease and significant economic loss. The 2022 Australian outbreak of JEV led to renewed interest in JEV countermeasures available in the United States for veterinary use as the Australia outbreak primarily affected commercial swine farms. There are currently no antivirals or veterinary vaccines available to protect animals from JEV infection, and only one vaccine is approved for human use in the United States. In the event of a JEV introduction to the United States, vaccination of susceptible reservoirs, like domestic swine, may help prevent economic loss and JEV from establishing endemicity in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review assesses recent advances in JEV vaccine development with an interest in veterinary applications. This systematic review was conducted by searching databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCOhost).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-seven research articles focused on the evaluation of novel JEV vaccine candidates were included in this review.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although there are a variety of different methodologies being employed in the development of JEV vaccine candidates, including recombinant live virus vaccines utilizing insect-only flaviviruses as vectors for JEV antigens and virus-like particle vaccines using various JEV genes to elicit protection among different JEV genotypes. While there are many promising candidates being developed, most are likely several years away from commercial production and would not be available if JEV were introduced to the United States within the next several years. Therefore, other disease control strategies should be investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"377-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal and Demographic Patterns of <i>Cutaneous Leishmaniasis</i> in Qassim, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Observational Study (2016-2023).","authors":"Mawahib Ahmed, Fai Alassaf, Basmah Alharbi","doi":"10.1177/15303667261429404","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261429404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Cutaneous leishmaniasis</i> (CL) is a parasitic infection that presents a significant public health concern in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. This retrospective observational study aimed to investigate the seasonal patterns and distribution of CL cases in the Al-Qassim region, highlighting the importance of these factors in understanding the disease trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study utilized retrospective observational data from a population cohort to examine reported instances of CL over an 8-year period. The Ministry of Health monitored the CL cases from January 2016 to December 2023. The data were systematically arranged by year, gender, age group, nationality, and season to analyze trends and variations in the disease's distribution at the population level. The chi-square test and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1199 confirmed CL cases were reported during the study period, with significant year-to-year variation (<i>p</i> < 0.005). Males accounted for the majority of cases (72.8%), and the highest burden was observed among individuals aged 15-45 years. Saudi nationals represented most reported cases (76.8%). A consistent seasonal pattern was observed, with higher case numbers during spring and winter, while summer showed the lowest incidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CL in Al-Qassim displays distinct demographic and seasonal trends, particularly among young adult males and during the spring and winter months. These patterns highlight the importance of targeted preventive measures and health interventions in high-risk populations and peak transmission periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"410-415"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147373156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonhuman Primates and Wild Felines as Environmental Bioindicators of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Leishmania</i> spp. from a Brazilian Zoo.","authors":"Ana Cláudia Souza Andrade, Fernanda de Paula Roldi Vieira, Isabela Carvalho Dos Santos, Karina Sakumoto, Eloiza Teles Caldart, Rodrigo Neca Ribeiro, Sarah Gabriella Delallo Charnovski, Bruna Pereira Bitencourt da Silva, Kaique Vinícius Bueno Costa, Rafaela Maria Boson Jurkevicz, Gabriel Tramontini Pereira, Juliana Silveira do Valle, Lidiane Nunes Barbosa, Italmar Teodorico Navarro, João Luís Garcia, Daniela Dib Gonçalves","doi":"10.1177/15303667261437015","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261437015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the presence of antibodies to <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> and <i>Leishmania</i> spp. in nonhuman primates and wild felines from the Municipal Zoo in the western region of the State of Paraná, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Blood collections from wild primates and felines were performed after chemical immobilization of the animals and were sent for serological diagnostics and testing for anti<i>-T. gondii</i> and anti-<i>Leishmania</i> antibodies, using the indirect immunofluorescence technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 19 primate samples, 47.37% were reactive for anti<i>-T. gondii</i> antibodies, and 15.79% were reactive for anti-<i>Leishmania</i> antibodies. Of the seven samples from wild felines, none were reactive for anti-<i>T. gondii</i> antibodies, and 14.28% were reactive for anti-<i>Leishmania</i> antibodies. The results of this work allow the knowledge of these two protozoa in wild species (nonhuman primates and wild felines), coming from rescues and seizures by different environmental agencies. This is a very favorable situation for the knowledge of the epidemiological aspects involved in the dissemination of these two zoonotic diseases in the western region of the State of Paraná.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The serological results of this work make it possible to discuss the presence of antibodies possibly associated with the epidemiological characteristics of the western region of the State of Paraná.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"403-409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peridomestic and Neighborhood-Level Deciduous Land Cover Associated with Lyme Disease Risk: Results from a Case-Control Study in the United States.","authors":"Madiha Shafquat, Rebecca Fee, John White, Noah Webb, Maureen Carlyle, Ye Tan, Valery Walker, Frederick J Angulo, James H Stark, L Hannah Gould","doi":"10.1177/15303667261435347","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261435347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lyme disease (LD), the most common vector-borne disease in the United States, is caused by the transmission of bacteria via the bite of infected <i>Ixodes</i> ticks including <i>Ixodes scapularis</i>. Deciduous forests are a highly suitable habitat for <i>I. scapularis</i> survival and development. This case-control study investigated how LD risk was impacted by residential proximity to deciduous forest land cover.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Participants were selected from the Optum Research Database and mailed a one-time survey regarding LD history, outdoor activities, residential characteristics, and demographics. Cases were identified through the combination of LD diagnosis codes and antibiotic treatment in claims data during January 2020-January 2022; controls were matched based on residential county and census block group housing density. The National Land Cover Database was used to identify the presence and proportion of deciduous land cover within a 50 m and 500 m radius of participants' residential addresses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LD was associated with deciduous land cover when present at both a 50 and 500 m radius (odds ratio [OR] = 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33-2.44) and when present at the 500 m radius only (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.04-1.88). Odds of LD also significantly increased with increasing deciduous cover. Independent of residential proximity to deciduous land cover, spending time in yards or hiking/walking/running in wooded/grassy areas was associated with LD. Stratified stepwise models showed that for individuals with deciduous land cover within both 50 and 500 m, risk was uniformly elevated regardless of activity, whereas outdoor activities were significant predictors in individuals with deciduous land cover within the 500 m radius only or within neither radius.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified the presence of deciduous land cover as a key indicator associated with increased LD risk, though outdoor activities conferred increased risk independent of residential land cover. Furthermore, individual behaviors were found to modulate LD risk differently across residential contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"396-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detections of <i>Babesia odocoilei</i> in <i>Ixodes pacificus</i> and <i>Babesia microti</i> in <i>Ixodes angustus</i> Ticks in British Columbia, Canada.","authors":"Stefan Iwasawa, Quinn Stewart, Heather Coatsworth, Stephanie Cooper, Hannah Caird, Muhammad Morshed, Erin Fraser","doi":"10.1177/15303667261438613","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261438613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surveillance of tick-borne pathogens is important to inform risks to human and animal health. Through active surveillance, we have detected the continued presence of both <i>Babesia odocoilei</i> since its first detection in 2019 and <i>Babesia microti</i> in British Columbia (BC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Tick drag sampling was conducted across four regions of the province using a protocol developed by the Canadian Lyme Sentinel Network. Captured ticks were identified morphologically, and pathogens were tested for <i>Borrelia</i> species, <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia</i> species, and Powassan virus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>B. odocoilei</i> was detected in four <i>Ixodes pacificus</i> nymphs, and <i>B. microti</i> was detected in two <i>Ixodes angustus</i> ticks (1 nymph and 1 female).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>B. odocoilei</i> and <i>B. microti</i> continue to be detected in BC ticks. Ongoing surveillance and monitoring of tick populations in BC is essential to characterize the emergence and spread of tick-borne pathogens in the province.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"433-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147623896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of CD4⁺ Cells, Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Fibrinogen Elevation in the Progression of Focal Lesions in Brucellosis.","authors":"Kunyan Qiao, Yu Cao, Shiying Zhang, Weina Liu, Na Li, Ying Li, Yuejie Yang, Rui Su","doi":"10.1177/15303667261431690","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261431690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The focal lesions were the significant clinical challenge for brucellosis, a widespread infectious disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for focal lesions in brucellosis, thereby providing support for clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 339 brucellosis patients were recruited, including 147 patients with focal complications and 192 patients without focal complications. The patient's medical records were reviewed, and laboratory findings were recorded. All the data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spondylitis (65.99%) was the main focal complication in the 147 brucellosis patients. The percent of CD3+ cells and CD3+ CD4+ cells, the levels of neutrophil, monocyte, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, and FIB (fibrinogen) showed a statistically upward trend, while the absolute counts of CD+ 19 cells, CD16+ CD56+ cells and the percent of CD16+ CD56+ cells were significantly decreased in patients with focal complication (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Percent of CD3+ CD4+ cells (odds ratio [OR]: 1.033, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003-1.063, <i>p</i> = 0.030), MLR (OR: 38.115, 95% CI: 2.396-606.305, <i>p</i> = 0.010), and FIB (OR: 1.363, 95% CI: 1.089-1.705, <i>p</i> = 0.007) were the independent risk factors for focal complications in brucellosis patients in the multivariate logistic regression analysis and the areas under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic for the three factors were 0.576, 0.640, and 0.641, respectively. The AUC for the model including these three indicators was 0.716, and the risk of focal lesions increased almost three times in patients with value above the cutoff value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CD3+ CD4+ cell percent, MLR and FIB were the independent risk factors for focal lesions in human brucellosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"416-422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Retraction Notice:</i> Methods for Nucleic Acid Extraction from Ticks: Challenges and Potential for Advancement.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/15303667261454844","DOIUrl":"10.1177/15303667261454844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23683,"journal":{"name":"Vector borne and zoonotic diseases","volume":" ","pages":"15303667261454844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}