Veterinary Research最新文献_第8页

Isolation and molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses from small ruminants in Nigeria. 尼日利亚小反刍动物口蹄疫病毒的分离和分子特征

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-24 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01809-8

David O Ehizibolo, Olumuyiwa Oyekan, Moses O Oguche, Abdullahi Ardo, Anna B Ludi, Britta A Wood, Simon Gubbins, Hayley M Hicks, Jemma Wadsworth, Etienne Chevanne, Fabrizio Rosso, Nick J Knowles, Valerie Mioulet, Donald P King, Georgina Limon

{"title":"Isolation and molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses from small ruminants in Nigeria.","authors":"David O Ehizibolo, Olumuyiwa Oyekan, Moses O Oguche, Abdullahi Ardo, Anna B Ludi, Britta A Wood, Simon Gubbins, Hayley M Hicks, Jemma Wadsworth, Etienne Chevanne, Fabrizio Rosso, Nick J Knowles, Valerie Mioulet, Donald P King, Georgina Limon","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01809-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01809-8","url":null,"abstract":"Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) poses significant economic challenges to the livestock industry in Nigeria due to its widespread prevalence and detrimental impacts on animal health and international trade. Documented FMD outbreaks in the endemic areas of West and Central Africa consistently highlight the role of cattle as the indicator species for FMD. However, the role of small ruminants (SR) is poorly understood. Aiming to improve our understanding of the role of SR in the epidemiology of the disease, this study investigated FMD outbreaks on farms where cattle intermixed with sheep and goats. Blood and oral swabs (n = 177) were collected from 138 sheep and 39 goats in nine local government areas (LGAs) of Plateau State, Nigeria. Additionally, epithelial tissue samples were obtained from suspected cases of FMD in six sheep and three goats in four of the LGAs. The majority (71.2%, 95% CI 64-77) of SR sampled seroconverted to FMDV measured by a 3ABC non-structural protein (NSP) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) where 77.5% (95% CI 70.7-84.5) of sheep and 48.7% (95% CI 33-64.4) goats tested positive for FMDV-NSP antibodies. FMDV genomic RNA was detected in 36.6% (95% CI 25-49) of oral swabs samples collected from SR and two FMDV serotypes: O and A were detected using antigen-ELISA. Phylogenetic analyses of the VP1 coding sequences indicate that these viruses were closely related to those identified from cattle in the same farms and to those previously published from the same region. The findings from this study demonstrate that SR should be considered when developing FMD risk-based surveillance and control strategies in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13292450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Different replication behavior of a contemporary porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus strain Gent/PS412 compared with the historical neurotropic reference strain VW572. 现代猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒株Gent/PS412与历史嗜神经参考株VW572的复制行为差异

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-24 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01767-1

Ateeqa Aslam, Waqar Saleem, Ines Zarak, Jolien Van Cleemput, Hans Nauwynck

{"title":"Different replication behavior of a contemporary porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus strain Gent/PS412 compared with the historical neurotropic reference strain VW572.","authors":"Ateeqa Aslam, Waqar Saleem, Ines Zarak, Jolien Van Cleemput, Hans Nauwynck","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01767-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01767-1","url":null,"abstract":"Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), first identified in 1957, has been described as a neurotropic virus of pigs. However, more recent strains were mainly associated with respiratory problems. This study compared the replication kinetics of the historical neurotropic PHEV strain isolated in Belgium in 1972 (VW572) with the replication kinetics of a contemporary 2020 strain (PS412; isolated from nasal secretions during a monitoring study), using RPD (rein de porc diploid) cells, nasal and ethmoidal mucosa explants, and primary porcine respiratory epithelial cells (PoRECs). EGTA was used to disrupt intercellular junctions to facilitate the access of the virus to basolateral receptors. In RPD cells, VW572 showed an early advantage in initiating infection, whereas PS412 exhibited stronger replication and viral release at later stages, highlighting distinct replication dynamics between the two strains. The replication kinetics of both strains in nasal explants and PoRECs did not differ significantly. In ethmoidal explants, PHEV only replicated in sustentacular cells with VW572 infecting more cells than PS412. EGTA treatment had no effect on the PHEV infection in nasal explants but significantly increased in PoRECs and ethmoidal explants for VW572, suggesting a stronger reliance on basolateral receptors in sustentacular cells. Genomic analysis identified 2 spike protein mutations that led to amino acid changes at the receptor binding site: N512K, K576E. These changes switched the regional polarity on the surface of the spike protein that may affect the PHEV receptor use. In conclusion, the historical and contemporary PHEV isolates VW572 and PS412 replicate differently in the respiratory/neural tissues of the upper respiratory tract which may be associated with amino acid variations in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13295890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148319499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GBP5-triggered AIM2 inflammasome drives host defense and exacerbates disease severity during Neospora caninum infection. 在犬新孢子虫感染期间，gbp5触发的AIM2炎性体驱动宿主防御并加剧疾病严重程度。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-20 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01769-z

Mengge Chen, Xuancheng Zhang, Xiaocen Wang, Zhenzhen Liu, Boya Du, Xiaodan Yuan, Zhichao Sun, Sining Chen, Yanhui Yu, Pengtao Gong, Nan Zhang, He Li, Jianhua Li, Xu Zhang, Xin Li

{"title":"GBP5-triggered AIM2 inflammasome drives host defense and exacerbates disease severity during Neospora caninum infection.","authors":"Mengge Chen, Xuancheng Zhang, Xiaocen Wang, Zhenzhen Liu, Boya Du, Xiaodan Yuan, Zhichao Sun, Sining Chen, Yanhui Yu, Pengtao Gong, Nan Zhang, He Li, Jianhua Li, Xu Zhang, Xin Li","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01769-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01769-z","url":null,"abstract":"Neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle worldwide, leading to substantial economic losses in the livestock industry. As no effective drug or vaccine is currently available, a deeper understanding of the host immune response against N. caninum is essential for developing effective control strategies. The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome is involved in host defense and regulation of disease pathology, while its role in N. caninum infection remains unclear. This study shows that N. caninum activates the AIM2 inflammasome in wild-type (WT) murine peritoneal macrophage (PMϕs), characterized by increased expression of AIM2, pro-IL-1β, caspase-1 p20, and IL-1β p17, along with elevated IL-1β secretion and cell death rates. Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are involved in regulating AIM2 inflammasome activation. Here, we observed that both GBP2 and GBP5 were upregulated by N. caninum, but only GBP5 overexpression played a functional role, as its overexpression enhanced, whereas its knockdown significantly attenuated AIM2 inflammasome in WT PMϕs, suggesting N. caninum activates the AIM2 inflammasome in a GBP5-dependent manner. To further investigate the role of AIM2 in parasite infection, AIM2-/- mice were used. In AIM2-/- PMϕs, inflammasome activation was reduced, accompanied by increased parasite proliferation. In vivo, N. caninum-infected AIM2-/- mice exhibited higher parasite loads but showed increased survival rates, reduced macrophage recruitment, decreased levels of IFN-γ, and IL-18, and alleviated pathological damage. In summary, our findings demonstrate that the AIM2 inflammasome is activated by N. caninum in a GBP5-dependent manner and plays a dual role by restricting parasite proliferation while exacerbating disease pathology.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148296212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A bivalent mRNA-LNP vaccine confers broad-spectrum protection against both homologous and heterologous H5/H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in SPF chickens. 二价mRNA-LNP疫苗对SPF鸡同源和异源H5/H7高致病性禽流感病毒具有广谱保护作用。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01790-2

Dandan Wei, Yu Pan, Xinkui Zhang, Yun Quan, Simin Feng, Mengting Huang, Lei Sun, Yujia Yang, Jiaji Zhou, Xinyu Han, Beibei Niu, Qiong Zhang, Weixin Jia

{"title":"A bivalent mRNA-LNP vaccine confers broad-spectrum protection against both homologous and heterologous H5/H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in SPF chickens.","authors":"Dandan Wei, Yu Pan, Xinkui Zhang, Yun Quan, Simin Feng, Mengting Huang, Lei Sun, Yujia Yang, Jiaji Zhou, Xinyu Han, Beibei Niu, Qiong Zhang, Weixin Jia","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01790-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01790-2","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous evolution and co-circulation of H5 and H7 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have caused substantial economic losses to the global poultry industry and pose a persistent threat to public health. This study aimed to develop a bivalent nucleoside-modified messenger (mRNA) vaccine encoding the hemagglutinin (HA) antigens of circulating H5N1 and H7N9 strains and to evaluate its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in an SPF chicken model. The bivalent vaccine elicited robust humoral immunity in SPF chickens in a dose-dependent manner following immunization. The immune sera exhibited potent neutralizing activity against the homologous viruses and cross-reactivity with heterologous strains. Challenge experiments demonstrated that chickens immunized with high doses (50 μg and 80 μg) of the bivalent mRNA vaccine were 100% protected against lethal challenge with homologous and heterologous H5N1, as well as heterologous H7N9 viruses. Furthermore, the vaccine effectively suppressed viral replication in the lungs and significantly reduced or blocked viral shedding. Importantly, splenic transcriptome sequencing revealed that vaccination elicited extensive immune reprogramming, with marked upregulation of key genes associated with Th1-type immune responses, antigen presentation, and cytokine production. The bivalent mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine developed in this study exhibited excellent immunogenicity and broad-spectrum protective potential in SPF chickens. Transcriptomic analysis further elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the vaccine-induced protective immunity. This study provides a promising vaccine candidate for the control of the co-circulation of H5 and H7 subtype HPAIVs.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13281637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of canine parvovirus-2-based recombinant pseudoviruses expression system: a potential vaccine platform. 基于犬细小病毒2型重组假病毒表达系统的建立：一个潜在的疫苗平台。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01789-9

Bichen Miao, Qian Du, Liu Yang, Jin Yan, Fukang Tu, Yiyuan Jiang, Ning Xu, Songbiao Chen, Yong Huang, Dewen Tong

{"title":"Development of canine parvovirus-2-based recombinant pseudoviruses expression system: a potential vaccine platform.","authors":"Bichen Miao, Qian Du, Liu Yang, Jin Yan, Fukang Tu, Yiyuan Jiang, Ning Xu, Songbiao Chen, Yong Huang, Dewen Tong","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01789-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01789-9","url":null,"abstract":"Canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) and canine distemper virus (CDV) are two highly infectious and pathogenic pathogens that harm canids and various carnivores, and often cause co-infections in clinical settings. Although commercial attenuated live vaccines against CPV-2 and CDV have been widely used to prevent these viral infections, there are still issues of biosafety and insufficient protection against new variants, thus requiring novel vaccines. In this study, we developed a recombinant pseudovirus expression system based on the CPV-2 full-length infectious clone, and found that the recombinant CPV-2 pseudovirus expressing CDV H protein could efficiently protect dogs against both CPV-2 and CDV infections. We first designed a recombinant pseudovirus vector based on the CPV-2 backbone and established a stable cell system for the production of CPV-2 recombinant pseudoviruses carrying foreign genes. These pseudoviruses preserved the morphology and particle size of native CPV-2, while maintaining hemagglutination activity against porcine erythrocytes, and demonstrated the ability to effectively infect permissive cells to express the harbored foreign gene. Next, we produced a recombinant CPV-2 pseudovirus expressing CDV H protein, and the CPV-CDV recombinant pseudovirus induced effective cellular and humoral immune responses in dogs. The serum from CPV-CDV immunized dogs could effectively neutralize CPV-2 and CDV infections in susceptible cells. Importantly, CPV-CDV completely protected dogs against challenge with CPV-2 and CDV. In summary, we have successfully developed a stable production system of recombinant CPV-2 pseudoviruses, which has great potential for development as a vaccine platform.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13277292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Veterinary fixed-dose antibiotics in Africa: a need for evidence-based regulation. 非洲兽医用固定剂量抗生素：需要基于证据的监管。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01797-9

Dishon M Muloi, Hildah Kirimi, Joyce Mwaura, Eugine L Ibayi, Arshnee Moodley

{"title":"Veterinary fixed-dose antibiotics in Africa: a need for evidence-based regulation.","authors":"Dishon M Muloi, Hildah Kirimi, Joyce Mwaura, Eugine L Ibayi, Arshnee Moodley","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01797-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01797-9","url":null,"abstract":"Fixed-dose combination (FDC) antibiotics are commonly used in animal health; however, their use faces increasing scrutiny due to concerns about unproven efficacy, inappropriate dosing, safety and limited regulatory oversight. We reviewed veterinary drug registries from Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Zimbabwe, identifying 2339 registered products, of which 867 (37.1%) contained antibiotics. Among these, 238 (27.5%) were FDCs, representing 45 unique combinations - most commonly two-antibiotic formulations such as penicillin/dihydrostreptomycin, tylosin/doxycycline and trimethoprim/sulfadiazine. Most formulations (77.8%, n = 35) contained two antibiotics, while 15.5% and 6.7% contained three and four antibiotics, respectively. Nearly half of FDC brands (47.1%, 112/238) contained antibiotics from both the Caution and Prudence categories, while 39.5% (94/238) contained antibiotics from the Prudence category alone. Notably, 8.4% (20/238) of FDC brands contained colistin, with or without enrofloxacin, and 5% (12/238) included vitamin combinations. Some antimicrobial FDCs may be clinically justified, for example, by broadening spectrum or achieving pharmacological synergy, but many lack a clear therapeutic rationale, underscoring the need for an evidence-based regulatory review and clearer criteria for appropriate veterinary FDCs.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13281546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for feline panleukopenia virus infection among managed giant pandas in China. 在中国被管理的大熊猫中猫泛白细胞减少症病毒感染的血清流行率及相关危险因素

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01796-w

Yunli Li, Renyong Jia, Hongwen Zhang, Xin Chen, Jianhong Zeng, Jingchao Lan, Chanjuan Yue, Dongsheng Zhang, Wenjun Huang, Wanjing Yang, Xueyang Fan, Xianzhu Xia, Rong Hou, Na Feng, Songrui Liu

{"title":"Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for feline panleukopenia virus infection among managed giant pandas in China.","authors":"Yunli Li, Renyong Jia, Hongwen Zhang, Xin Chen, Jianhong Zeng, Jingchao Lan, Chanjuan Yue, Dongsheng Zhang, Wenjun Huang, Wanjing Yang, Xueyang Fan, Xianzhu Xia, Rong Hou, Na Feng, Songrui Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01796-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01796-w","url":null,"abstract":"Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) poses a significant threat to carnivores worldwide, with increasing documentation of spillover infections in endangered species, including the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Despite the presence of serological evidence indicating historical exposure, contemporary data concerning the prevalence of FPV and the associated risk factors in giant pandas remains limited. This study conducted a comprehensive seroepidemiological survey of 136 giant pandas, representing 262 serum samples, from the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding between 2015 and 2023. The overall seroprevalence of FPV antibodies was 56.87% (149/262, 95% CI 0.51-0.63), with consistently high levels observed across years. Multivariate analysis identified young age and the summer season as protective factors, likely due to maternal-derived antibodies and environmentally mediated reduction in viral persistence, respectively. Although not statistically significant, a transfer history showed a trend toward elevated risk (OR > 1), suggesting that it may still represent a potential risk factor. It is important to note that current vaccination protocols appear to be inadequate in eliciting robust immune responses, thereby underscoring the necessity for the development of tailored vaccines. These findings emphasize the persistent and widespread circulation of FPV in captive giant pandas and advocate for seasonally targeted biosecurity measures, rationalized animal transfer protocols, and enhanced immunization strategies to mitigate infection risks in this vulnerable species.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13267628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms by which SIRT2 modulates alveolar macrophage immunoreactivity to intervene in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection in piglets under cold stimulation. SIRT2调节肺泡巨噬细胞免疫反应干预仔猪冷刺激下胸膜肺炎放线杆菌感染的机制

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-14 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01780-4

Rongge Xia, Wanqun Xing, Zhiqi Zhu, Qi Han, Xinpeng Chen, Huiying Shi, Wencong Wu, Boxi Zhang, Jingjing Lu, Wenjing Guo, Lan He, Bin Xu

{"title":"Mechanisms by which SIRT2 modulates alveolar macrophage immunoreactivity to intervene in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection in piglets under cold stimulation.","authors":"Rongge Xia, Wanqun Xing, Zhiqi Zhu, Qi Han, Xinpeng Chen, Huiying Shi, Wencong Wu, Boxi Zhang, Jingjing Lu, Wenjing Guo, Lan He, Bin Xu","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01780-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01780-4","url":null,"abstract":"Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) is a porcine respiratory pathogen that causes significant economic losses to the global swine industry. APP-induced piglet respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is highly prevalent in winter and triggers an intense inflammatory response in the lungs at disease onset, accompanied by severe infiltration of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). The magnitude of the PAM-mediated immune response following APP infection is a key factor influencing the regression of respiratory disease. However, it remains unclear whether cold stimulation exacerbates this response. In this study, we found that cold stimulation exacerbated APP-induced lung injury and enhanced macrophage activation. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed that immune cells underwent metabolic reprogramming in response to energy mobilisation after APP infection, thereby interfering with lung immune function. In addition, we identified silent information regulator 2 (SIRT2) as a key regulator of PAM activation and demonstrated at the molecular level that SIRT2 mediates the immune response to PAMs following APP infection by regulating the acetylation modification of NF-κB p65. In conclusion, our results elucidate the role of SIRT2 in regulating the immune response to PAMs in piglets infected with APP under low-temperature conditions. These findings may provide potential intervention targets and effective control pathways to address the overactivity of immune cells induced by environmental stress and reduce the high incidence of winter respiratory disease in piglets.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13267363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Residue 188 of the Hexon protein governs FAdV-4 pathogenicity by activating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Hexon蛋白的残基188通过激活PINK1/ parkinson介导的线粒体自噬来调控FAdV-4的致病性。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01791-1

Baiyu Wang, Qilong Qiao, Panpan Yang, Minghe Xu, Luyao Qiu, Yutao Zhu, Mengjia Xiang, Yanfang Cong, Dongdong Yang, Jianli Li, Kexiang Yu, Jun Zhao

{"title":"Residue 188 of the Hexon protein governs FAdV-4 pathogenicity by activating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.","authors":"Baiyu Wang, Qilong Qiao, Panpan Yang, Minghe Xu, Luyao Qiu, Yutao Zhu, Mengjia Xiang, Yanfang Cong, Dongdong Yang, Jianli Li, Kexiang Yu, Jun Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01791-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01791-1","url":null,"abstract":"Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) infection causes significant economic losses to the global poultry industry. Viruses often hijack host cellular machinery to facilitate their replication; however, the mechanisms by which FAdV-4 manipulates host pathways remain poorly defined. Mitochondria, the central hubs for energy metabolism and innate immunity in hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes, are critical targets for viral manipulation, yet their role in FAdV-4 pathogenesis remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrated that FAdV-4 infection caused direct mitochondrial damage and induced PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the virus actively hijacked the PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy to enhance viral replication in LMH cells. Inhibition of mitophagy led to an average tenfold reduction in viral replication of pathogenic FAdV-4 in LMH cells (p < 0.05). Strikingly, residue 188 in the Hexon protein, a key virulence determinant, differentially regulated mitophagy: the R188I mutation in the pathogenic FAdV-4 attenuated mitophagy, whereas the I188R mutation in nonpathogenic FAdV-4 enhanced this process. This study elucidated the viral exploitation of mitophagy by FAdV-4 to promote viral replication, and established Hexon residue 188 and the mitophagy pathway as prime targets for developing novel therapeutics against avian adenoviral diseases.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13263950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-species transmission of host adaptation of feline leukemia virus between domestic cats and the wild felid Leopardus guigna. 家猫与野猫间猫白血病病毒宿主适应性的跨种传播。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学

Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2026-06-13 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-026-01770-6

Cristobal Castillo-Aliaga, Irene Sacristán, Camila J Stuardo, Constanza Napolitano, Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso, Rachael E Tarlinton

{"title":"Cross-species transmission of host adaptation of feline leukemia virus between domestic cats and the wild felid Leopardus guigna.","authors":"Cristobal Castillo-Aliaga, Irene Sacristán, Camila J Stuardo, Constanza Napolitano, Ezequiel Hidalgo-Hermoso, Rachael E Tarlinton","doi":"10.1186/s13567-026-01770-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-026-01770-6","url":null,"abstract":"Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is widespread in domestic cats and frequently spills over into wild felid populations, causing severe outbreaks in nondomestic felid populations. Domestic cats carry both endogenous FeLV (enFeLV) and exogenous variants of FeLV (exFeLV), which can recombine to generate novel variants with alternate receptor usage. In contrast, most nondomestic felids, including the guigna, do not harbor enFeLV. This study applied amplification of the FeLV envelope gene combined with Illumina sequencing to characterize FeLV envelope gene diversity and transmission dynamics in guignas (Leopardus guigna), a small wild felid native to Chile and Argentina. Seven polymerase chain reaction (PCR )amplicons from five free-ranging guignas were sequenced. Illumina sequencing was successfully conducted, and subsequent phylogenetic analysis indicated that the detected infections were most closely related to strains circulating in Chilean domestic cats. However, a distinct guigna-specific cluster with unique sequence variations was identified, suggesting that FeLV transmission also occurs among guignas independent of domestic cats. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all guigna sequences formed a Chile-specific FeLV clade, closely related to domestic cat viruses but clearly separated from international FeLV-A strains.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13263956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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