Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"Exosomal ssc-miR-1343 targets FAM131C to regulate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection in pigs","authors":"Weiyun Qin, Jing Jiang, Jiayun Wu, Yunxiao Xie, Zhengchang Wu, Mingan Sun, Wenbin Bao","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01345-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-024-01345-3","url":null,"abstract":"The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes diarrhea in piglets, thereby causing very significant economic losses for the global swine industry. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the infection caused by PEDV. However, the precise molecular mechanism of miRNAs in the regulation of PEDV infection is still not fully understood. In the present study, we utilized miRNA-seq analysis to identify ssc-miR-1343 with differential expression between PEDV-infected and normal piglets. The expression of ssc-miR-1343 was detected in isolated exosomes, and it was found to be significantly higher than that in the controls following PEDV infection. The ssc-miR-1343 mimic was found to decrease PEDV replication, whereas the ssc-miR-1343 inhibitor was observed to increase PEDV replication, and ssc-miR-1343 was delivered by exosomes during PEDV infection. Mechanistically, ssc-miR-1343 binds to the 3′UTR region of FAM131C, down-regulating its expression, and FAM131C has been shown to enhance PEDV replication through simultaneously suppressing pathways associated with innate immunity. The ssc-miR-1343/FAM131C axis was found to upregulate the host immune response against PEDV infection. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the transport of ssc-miR-1343 in exosomes is involved in PEDV infection. This discovery presents a new potential target for the development of drugs to treat PEDV.","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in captive and free-ranging wildlife from Spain.","authors":"Leira Fernández-Bastit, David Cano-Terriza, Javier Caballero-Gómez, Adrián Beato-Benítez, Antonio Fernández, Daniel García-Párraga, Mariano Domingo, Cecilia Sierra, Rocío Canales, Santiago Borragan, Manuel de la Riva-Fraga, Rafael Molina-López, Óscar Cabezón, Maria Puig-Ribas, Johan Espunyes, Daniel B Vázquez-Calero, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Ignacio García-Bocanegra, Joaquim Segalés","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01348-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01348-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), considered a zoonotic agent of wildlife origin, can infect various animal species, including wildlife in free-range and captive environments. Detecting susceptible species and potential reservoirs is crucial for preventing the transmission, spread, genetic evolution, and further emergence of viral variants that are major threats to global health. This study aimed to detect exposure or acute infection by SARS-CoV-2 in 420 animals from 40 different wildlife species, including terrestrial and aquatic mammals, from different regions of Spain during the 2020-2023 coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. In total, 8/137 animals were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies against the receptor binding domain and/or viral nucleoprotein according to independent ELISAs. However, only one ELISA-positive sample of a captive bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies with a low titre (SNT₅₀ 38.15) according to a virus neutralization test. Cetaceans are expected to have a high risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 according to early predictive studies due to the similarity of their angiotensin converting enzyme 2 cell receptor to that of humans. Moreover, of 283 animals analysed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using RT-qPCR, none tested positive. Our results reinforce the importance of considering cetaceans at risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and support taking preventive biosecurity measures when interacting with them, especially in the presence of individuals with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Although most animals in this study tested negative for acute infection or viral exposure, ongoing surveillance of wildlife species and potentially susceptible animals is important to prevent future spillover events and detect potential novel reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11264983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Iridoviridae: infection, vaccination and immune response.","authors":"Rocío Leiva-Rebollo, Alejandro M Labella, Juan Gémez-Mata, Dolores Castro, Juan J Borrego","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01347-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01347-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Each year, due to climate change, an increasing number of new pathogens are being discovered and studied, leading to an increase in the number of known diseases affecting various fish species in different regions of the world. Viruses from the family Iridoviridae, which consist of the genera Megalocytivirus, Lymphocystivirus, and Ranavirus, cause epizootic outbreaks in farmed and wild, marine, and freshwater fish species (including ornamental fish). Diseases caused by fish viruses of the family Iridoviridae have a significant economic impact, especially in the aquaculture sector. Consequently, vaccines have been developed in recent decades, and their administration methods have improved. To date, various types of vaccines are available to control and prevent Iridoviridae infections in fish populations. Notably, two vaccines, specifically targeting Red Sea bream iridoviral disease and iridoviruses (formalin-killed vaccine and AQUAVAC^® IridoV, respectively), are commercially available. In addition to exploring these themes, this review examines the immune responses in fish following viral infections or vaccination procedures. In general, the evasion mechanisms observed in iridovirus infections are characterised by a systemic absence of inflammatory responses and a reduction in the expression of genes associated with the adaptive immune response. Finally, this review also explores prophylactic procedure trends in fish vaccination strategies, focusing on future advances in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11247874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of disease dynamics in wild boar and domestic pigs experimentally inoculated intranasally with the European highly virulent African swine fever virus genotype II strain \"Armenia 2007\".","authors":"Pedro J Sánchez-Cordón, Fabian Z X Lean, Carrie Batten, Falko Steinbach, Aleksija Neimanis, Marie-Frédérique Le Potier, Emil Wikström-Lassa, Felicity Wynne, Rebecca Strong, Stephen McCleary, Helen Crooke, Dolores Gavier-Widén, Alejandro Núñez","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01343-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01343-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the reintroduction of African swine fever virus (ASFV) in Europe in 2007 and its subsequent spread to Asia, wild boar has played a crucial role in maintaining and disseminating the virus. There are significant gaps in the knowledge regarding infection dynamics and disease pathogenesis in domestic pigs and wild boar, particularly at the early infection stage. We aimed to compare domestic pigs and wild boar infected intranasally to mimic natural infection with one of the original highly virulent genotype II ASFV isolates (Armenia 2007). The study involved euthanising three domestic pigs and three wild boar on days 1, 2, 3, and 5 post-infection, while four domestic pigs and four wild boar were monitored until they reached a humane endpoint. The parameters assessed included clinical signs, macroscopic lesions, viremia levels, tissue viral load, and virus shedding in nasal and rectal swabs from day 1 post-infection. Compared with domestic pigs, wild boar were more susceptible to ASFV, with a shorter incubation period and earlier onset of clinical signs. While wild boar reached a humane endpoint earlier than domestic pigs did, the macroscopic lesions were comparatively less severe. In addition, wild boar had earlier viremia, and the virus was also detected earlier in tissues. The medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes were identified as key portals for ASFV infection in both subspecies. No viral genome was detected in nasal or rectal swabs until shortly before reaching the humane endpoint in both domestic pigs and wild boar, suggesting limited virus shedding in acute infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11247888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-species transmission and histopathological variation in specific-pathogen-free minipigs infected with different hepatitis E virus strains.","authors":"Soontag Jung, Daseul Yeo, Dong-Joo Seo, In-Soo Choi, Changsun Choi","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01337-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01337-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of viral hepatitis worldwide. Pigs are the natural host of HEV genotype 3 and the main reservoir of HEV. As the host range of HEV genotype 3 expands, the possibility that HEV from various species can be transmitted to humans via pigs is increasing. We investigated the potential cross-species transmission of HEV by infecting minipigs with swine HEV (swHEV), rabbit HEV (rbHEV), and human HEV (huHEV) and examining their histopathological characteristics and distribution in various organs. Fifteen specific-pathogen-free Yucatan minipigs were infected with swHEV, rbHEV, huHEV, or a mock control. In the present study, we analysed faecal shedding, viremia, and serological parameters over a seven-week period. Our results indicated that swHEV exhibited more robust shedding and viremia than non-swHEVs. Only swHEV affected the serological parameters, suggesting strain-specific differences. Histopathological examination revealed distinct patterns in the liver, pancreas, intestine, and lymphoid tissues after infection with each HEV strain. Notably, all three HEVs induced histopathological changes in the pancreas, supporting the association of HEVs with acute pancreatitis. Our results also identified skeletal muscle as a site of HEV antigen presence, suggesting a potential link to myositis. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the infection dynamics of different HEV strains in minipigs, emphasizing the strain-specific variations in virological, serological, and histological parameters. The observed differences in infection kinetics and tissue tropism will contribute to our understanding of HEV pathogenesis and the potential for cross-species transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11234777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salmonella enteritidis acquires phage resistance through a point mutation in rfbD but loses some of its environmental adaptability.","authors":"Yukun Zeng, Ping Li, Shenglong Liu, Mangmang Shen, Yuqing Liu, Xin Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01341-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01341-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phage therapy holds promise as an alternative to antibiotics for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, host bacteria can quickly produce progeny that are resistant to phage infection. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to phage infection. We found that Rsm1, a mutant strain of Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) sm140, exhibited resistance to phage Psm140, which was originally capable of lysing its host at sm140. Whole genome sequencing analysis revealed a single nucleotide mutation at position 520 (C → T) in the rfbD gene of Rsm1, resulting in broken lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which is caused by the replacement of CAG coding glutamine with a stop codon TAG. The knockout of rfbD in the sm140ΔrfbD strain caused a subsequent loss of sensitivity toward phages. Furthermore, the reintroduction of rfbD in Rsm1 restored phage sensitivity. Moreover, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of rfbD in 25 resistant strains revealed a high percentage mutation rate of 64% within the rfbD locus. We assessed the fitness of four bacteria strains and found that the acquisition of phage resistance resulted in slower bacterial growth, faster sedimentation velocity, and increased environmental sensitivity (pH, temperature, and antibiotic sensitivity). In short, bacteria mutants lose some of their abilities while gaining resistance to phage infection, which may be a general survival strategy of bacteria against phages. This study is the first to report phage resistance caused by rfbD mutation, providing a new perspective for the research on phage therapy and drug-resistant mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11227202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amino acid mutations PB1-V719M and PA-N444D combined with PB2-627K contribute to the pathogenicity of H7N9 in mice.","authors":"Xiaoquan Wang, Xin-En Tang, Huafen Zheng, Ruyi Gao, Xiaolong Lu, Wenhao Yang, Le Zhou, Yu Chen, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Shunlin Hu, Kaituo Liu, Xiufan Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01342-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01342-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>H7N9 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) cause 1567 human infections and have high mortality, posing a significant threat to public health. Previously, we reported that two avian-derived H7N9 isolates (A/chicken/Eastern China/JTC4/2013 and A/chicken/Eastern China/JTC11/2013) exhibit different pathogenicities in mice. To understand the genetic basis for the differences in virulence, we constructed a series of mutant viruses based on reverse genetics. We found that the PB2-E627K mutation alone was not sufficient to increase the virulence of H7N9 in mice, despite its ability to enhance polymerase activity in mammalian cells. However, combinations with PB1-V719M and/or PA-N444D mutations significantly enhanced H7N9 virulence. Additionally, these combined mutations augmented polymerase activity, thereby intensifying virus replication, inflammatory cytokine expression, and lung injury, ultimately increasing pathogenicity in mice. Overall, this study revealed that virulence in H7N9 is a polygenic trait and identified novel virulence-related residues (PB2-627K combined with PB1-719M and/or PA-444D) in viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complexes. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying AIV pathogenesis in mammals, with implications for pandemic preparedness and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11227215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRIM26 facilitates PRV infection through NDP52-mediated autophagic degradation of MAVS.","authors":"Wu Chengyue, Wang Mengdong, Wang Xiaoquan, Chen Yeping, Li Hao, Sun Liumei, Ren Jianle, Zhang Zhendong","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01336-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01336-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) has evolved multiple strategies to evade host antiviral responses to benefit virus replication and establish persistent infection. Recently, tripartite motif 26 (TRIM26), a TRIM family protein, has been shown to be involved in a broad range of biological processes involved in innate immunity, especially in regulating viral infection. Herein, we found that the expression of TRIM26 was significantly induced after PRV infection. Surprisingly, the overexpression of TRIM26 promoted PRV production, while the depletion of this protein inhibited virus replication, suggesting that TRIM26 could positively regulate PRV infection. Further analysis revealed that TRIM26 negatively regulates the innate immune response by targeting the RIG-I-triggered type I interferon signalling pathway. TRIM26 was physically associated with MAVS independent of viral infection and reduced MAVS expression. Mechanistically, we found that NDP52 interacted with both TRIM26 and MAVS and that TRIM26-induced MAVS degradation was almost entirely blocked in NDP52-knockdown cells, demonstrating that TRIM26 degrades MAVS through NDP52-mediated selective autophagy. Our results reveal a novel mechanism by which PRV escapes host antiviral innate immunity and provide insights into the crosstalk among virus infection, autophagy, and the innate immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11225307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duck STING mediates antiviral autophagy directing the interferon signaling pathway to inhibit duck plague virus infection.","authors":"Bin Tian, Yanming Tian, Xuetong Wang, Dongjie Cai, Liping Wu, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia, Shun Chen, Dekang Zhu, Mafeng Liu, Qiao Yang, Ying Wu, Xinxin Zhao, Shaqiu Zhang, Di Sun, Juan Huang, Xumin Ou, Zhen Wu, Anchun Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01338-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13567-024-01338-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migratory birds are important vectors for virus transmission, how migratory birds recognize viruses and viruses are sustained in birds is still enigmatic. As an animal model for waterfowl among migratory birds, studying and dissecting the antiviral immunity and viral evasion in duck cells may pave a path to deciphering these puzzles. Here, we studied the mechanism of antiviral autophagy mediated by duck STING in DEF cells. The results collaborated that duck STING could significantly enhance LC3B-II/I turnover, LC3B-EGFP puncta formation, and mCherry/EGFP ratio, indicating that duck STING could induce autophagy. The autophagy induced by duck STING is not affected by shRNA knockdown of ATG5 expression, deletion of the C-terminal tail of STING, or TBK1 inhibitor BX795 treatment, indicating that duck STING activated non-classical selective autophagy is independent of interaction with TBK1, TBK1 phosphorylation, and interferon (IFN) signaling. The STING R235A mutant and Sar1A/B kinase mutant abolished duck STING induced autophagy, suggesting binding with cGAMP and COPII complex mediated transport are the critical prerequisite. Duck STING interacted with LC3B through LIR motifs to induce autophagy, the LIR 4/7 motif mutants of duck STING abolished the interaction with LC3B, and neither activated autophagy nor IFN expression, indicating that duck STING associates with LC3B directed autophagy and dictated innate immunity activation. Finally, we found that duck STING mediated autophagy significantly inhibited duck plague virus (DPV) infection via ubiquitously degraded viral proteins. Our study may shed light on one scenario about the control and evasion of diseases transmitted by migratory birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11214240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated vaccine candidate for sheep infected with ovine parainfluenza virus type 3.","authors":"Yanhua Ma, Jialei Wang, Youzhi Wu, Xiaohui Zan, Yan Wang, Yanyan Zhou, Tao Wang, Caifeng Gong, Kai Meng, Rui Niu, Qiang Shang, Hao Wang, Jiali Wang, Ying He, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13567-024-01339-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-024-01339-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory diseases constitute a major health problem for ruminants, resulting in considerable economic losses throughout the world. Parainfluenza type 3 virus (PIV3) is one of the most important respiratory pathogens of ruminants. The pathogenicity and phylogenetic analyses of PIV3 virus have been reported in sheep and goats. However, there are no recent studies of the vaccination of sheep or goats against PIV3. Here, we developed a purified inactivated ovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (OPIV3) vaccine candidate. In addition, we immunized sheep with the inactivated OPIV3 vaccine and evaluated the immune response and pathological outcomes associated with OPIV3 TX01 infection. The vaccinated sheep demonstrated no obvious symptoms of respiratory tract infection, and there were no gross lesions or pathological changes in the lungs. The average body weight gain significantly differed between the vaccinated group and the control group (P < 0.01). The serum neutralization antibody levels rapidly increased in sheep post-vaccination and post-challenge with OPIV3. Furthermore, viral shedding in nasal swabs and viral loads in the lungs were reduced. The results of this study suggest that vaccination with this candidate vaccine induces the production of neutralizing antibodies and provides significant protection against OPIV3 infection. These results may be helpful for further studies on prevention and control strategies for OPIV3 infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":23658,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11212184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}