Virologica Sinica最新文献

{"title":"Thermal tolerance and inactivation of Ebola virus","authors":"Xiaoxiao Gao, Cheng Peng, Rongjuan Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 669-671"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virome diversity in small mammals from south China: Insights into virus evolution, transmission, and ecology","authors":"Yiwei Shi ,&nbsp;Letian Fang ,&nbsp;Cixiu Li ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Jiluo Liu ,&nbsp;Yifan Chen ,&nbsp;Yue Zhao ,&nbsp;Zishuai Li ,&nbsp;Shuqi Liu ,&nbsp;Yibo Ding ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Dongming Jiang ,&nbsp;Jiaying Shen ,&nbsp;Zihan Zhang ,&nbsp;Junheng Lyu ,&nbsp;Rui Pu ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Tan ,&nbsp;Jianhua Yin ,&nbsp;Weifeng Shi ,&nbsp;Guangwen Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mammals are critical reservoirs of human infectious diseases and the spillover of viruses is related to climate conditions. We conducted <em>meta</em>-transcriptomic sequencing of 226 mammals (bats, rodents, hedgehogs, and shrews) representing 20 species collected across eight cities in south China between 2018 and 2024. Samples included internal organs, oropharyngeal and anal swabs, and feces. We identified 63 vertebrate-associated viruses, including 34 novel viruses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed six viruses with potential infection risks to humans or domestic animals due to their close phylogenetic relationships with known pathogens. Cross-species transmission was observed in 14.3% (9/63) of viruses, shared by at least two host species, with bats, particularly <em>Rhinolophus</em> and <em>Hipposideros</em>, serving as key hubs for viral circulation and zoonotic spillover. Virome composition varied substantially among mammalian species and geographic regions (adonis test, <em>R</em>^<em>2</em> ​= ​0.50, <em>P</em> ​= ​0.001). Generalized linear models quantified the roles of host taxonomy, ecotypes, and meteorological factors in shaping viral diversity, demonstrating host taxonomy (at the order level) as a predominant role (25.70% deviance explained), followed by ecotypes (10.27% deviance explained). Phylogenetic analysis conducted using our betacoronavirus sequences, as well as betacoronavirus sequences derived from 2.0 ​× ​10⁴ bats sampled in China between July 2013 and March 2024, revealed that no betacoronaviruses exhibited closer phylogenetic relationships to SARS-CoV-2 than the known strains (e.g., RaTG13). These findings provide critical insights into virus evolution, transmission, and ecological determinants, which are essential for the prevention of emerging infectious diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 520-534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a novel ectromelia virus from rodent: Implications for use as an in vivo infection model for vaccine and antiviral research","authors":"Shuting Huo ,&nbsp;Changcheng Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenyong Qi ,&nbsp;Jiewei Sun ,&nbsp;Xin Meng ,&nbsp;Jingdong Song ,&nbsp;Zhongxian Zhang ,&nbsp;Liye Jin ,&nbsp;Chang Shu ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Lin ,&nbsp;Weibang Huo ,&nbsp;Yao Deng ,&nbsp;Li Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiandong Li ,&nbsp;Wenjie Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ectromelia virus (ECTV), a member of the <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> genus, serves as both a causative agent of mousepox and a pivotal surrogate model for studying highly pathogenic orthopoxviruses. Although genomic data on ECTV remains limited, we report the isolation and characterization of a novel strain, ECTV-C-Tan-GD01, obtained from rodents in Guangdong Province, China. Nanopore sequencing yielded a complete genome (199 annotated genes, including one gene truncated at the C-terminus) with inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) harboring a conserved hairpin structure. Notably, a frameshift-inducing “G” deletion in the <em>EV159</em> gene resulted in the truncation of a semaphorin-like protein. <em>In vitro</em> assays demonstrated cell-associated viral replication kinetics, with maximum titers achieved earlier in Vero/HeLa cells (72 ​h) than in BHK-21/CEF cells (84 ​h). Murine challenge experiments revealed extreme virulence (LD₅₀ ​&lt; ​1 plaque-forming unit (PFU) via intranasal/footpad routes) and hepatosplenic tropism. Furthermore, ECTV-C-Tan-GD01 exhibited utility in evaluating orthopoxvirus countermeasures: a single dose of vaccinia virus Tiantan (VTT) or non-replicating vaccinia virus Tiantan (NTV) conferred cross-protection, while tecovirimat (ST-246), cidofovir (CDV), and brincidofovir (initially CMX001) significantly reduced viral loads and pathology. This study establishes ECTV-C-Tan-GD01 as a dual-purpose resource for probing orthopoxvirus evolution and advancing therapeutic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 601-612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2-encoded miR-nsp3-3p promotes pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting expression of ALCAM","authors":"Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Qiuyue Wu ,&nbsp;Xueyan Liu ,&nbsp;Hongjian Zhou ,&nbsp;Jianzhen Lei ,&nbsp;Lan Luo ,&nbsp;Xinyi Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from viruses, have been detected in body fluids and are known to regulate the expression of host genes. Recent evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2-encoded miRNAs could contribute to pulmonary disease. Pulmonary fibrosis is an important complication in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, either during hospitalization or after discharge, however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Here, we report a SARS-CoV-2-encoded miRNA, miR-nsp3-3p, facilitates host pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting expression of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) and promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). First, we detected miR-nsp3-3p in clinical specimens and found it was remarkably increased in throat swabs and alveolar lavage fluids from severe/critical COVID-19 patients compared to control groups or mild/moderate patients. We further revealed that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-nsp3 infection can induce pulmonary fibrosis in BALB/c mice while miR-nsp3-3p antagomirs can reverse that, and <em>ALCAM</em> was found to be as a target gene of miR-nsp3-3p. miR-nsp3-3p overexpression can inhibit the expression of ALCAM and promote EMT of pulmonary epithelial cells. Moreover, overexpression of ALCAM can reverse the miR-nsp3-3p-induced EMT and fibrosis. These findings highlight the essential role of SARS-CoV-2-encoded miRNAs in promoting the pathological progression of lung disease, and provide novel insights into the interactions between viral miRNAs and host pathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 560-570"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1995-820X(25)00108-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1995-820X(25)00108-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Page OFC"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cycle Rift Valley fever virus particles from stable replicon cells enable discovery of antiviral CNX-1351 for multiple RNA viruses","authors":"Zhichao Gao ,&nbsp;Hongyuan Guo ,&nbsp;Ziqiao Wang ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Wang ,&nbsp;Xinran Sun ,&nbsp;Shimei Zhang ,&nbsp;Fei Feng ,&nbsp;Chao Shan ,&nbsp;Youhua Xie ,&nbsp;Rong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a high-containment pathogen that causes severe diseases in humans, with no approved therapeutics available. Its classification as a biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) agent has limited research and therapeutic development due to safety concerns. In this study, we developed a stable replicon cell line maintaining the replication of L and S genomic segments of RVFV. Single-cycle viral replicon particles (VRPs) could be efficiently packaged through <em>trans</em>-complementation of glycoproteins from different strains, recapitulating authentic viral entry and replication while minimizing biosafety risks. Using this system, we conducted high-throughput screening of a small-molecule compound library and identified CNX-1351 as an antiviral agent for multiple RNA viruses. Mechanistic studies revealed that CNX-1351 inhibits viral replication, potentially by targeting the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. This single-cycle VRP system provides a valuable tool for studying RVFV biology, host interactions, antiviral and vaccine development under reduced biosafety constraints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and identification of a newly discovered broad-spectrum Acinetobacter baumannii phage and therapeutic validation against pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"Miaomiao Lin ,&nbsp;Lele Xiong ,&nbsp;Wen Li ,&nbsp;Lingyan Xiao ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaogui Zhao ,&nbsp;Yishan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The treatment of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (<em>A. baumannii</em>) poses significant clinical challenges due to its multidrug/pan-drug resistance. In this study, we isolated a broad-spectrum lytic <em>A. baumannii</em> phage, named P425, from medical wastewater, targeting nine multidrug-resistant <em>A. baumannii</em> (MDRAB) with diverse capsular types. Biological characterization revealed that P425 maintains activity at pH range of 3–12 and temperature range of 4–50 ​°C. It resists UV irradiation for 20 ​minutes, and had an optimal multiplicity of infection (OMOI) is 0.00001. The adsorption kinetics showed that P425 achieves &gt; 90% within 10 ​minutes of incubation, and the one-step growth curve indicated a 10-min latent period, with a burst size of 184 ​PFU/cell. The genome sequencing results indicated that it harbors a double-stranded DNA genome of 40,583 bp with a GC content of 39.39%. Intergenomic similarity analysis classified it as a novel species within the <em>Friunavirus</em> genus, while electron microscopy results showed that it belongs to the <em>Podoviridae</em> family. Notably, P425 exhibits potent 24-h <em>in vitro</em> inhibitory activity against MDRAB, and demonstrates synergistic effect at an MOI of 0.001 when combined with five classes of antibiotics targeting distinct antimicrobial mechanisms. Safety evaluations confirmed the absence of cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity, or systemic toxicity both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. In mouse infection models, P425 can significantly improve the survival rates of mice infected with Ab25 (ST1791/KL101). When co-administered with levofloxacin, it achieved 100% protection against mortality and promoted immune recovery. Collectively, P425 is a prospective lytic phage that could offer novel strategies for combating MDRAB infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 587-600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of swinepox virus from pigs in China","authors":"Nan Cao ,&nbsp;Yamei Li ,&nbsp;Xiangmin Li ,&nbsp;Ping Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 676-679"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and genomic surveillance of influenza A virus (pdm09 H1N1 and H3N2) strains from 2017 to 2025 in Tianjin, China","authors":"Mingkun Wu ,&nbsp;Liru Guo ,&nbsp;Mei Kong ,&nbsp;Ming Zou ,&nbsp;Xiaochang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Influenza A virus (IAV) remains a global public health concern, causing influenza-like illness and severe respiratory tract infections. Two major subtypes, A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2, circulate globally, and their epidemics are influenced by multiple factors, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on data from the National Influenza Surveillance Program in China, we analyzed the epidemiological and genomic data in Tianjin collected from 2017 to 2025. A total of 77,473 throat swabs were collected, of which 9144 were IAV-positive. The A/pdm09 H1N1 and A/H3N2 lineages exhibited distinct epidemics across different influenza seasons, with a decline in cases observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sequenced the genomes of 128 A/pdm09 H1N1 and 113 A/H3N2 clinical isolates and characterized their temporal evolution and genetic diversity using time-scaled phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, we conducted a genetic risk evaluation of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase segments, identifying key amino acid residues associated with viral adaptation, transmissibility, virulence, and drug resistance. Moreover, no antigenic variants were found in clinical isolates during the recent influenza seasons, though reduced sensitivity to oseltamivir and zanamivir was observed in individual strains. Our surveillance highlights the epidemiology and evolution of IAV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Tianjin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 535-545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First isolation and genomic characterization of a novel inter-genotype recombinant feline calicivirus from domestic cats: Implications for viral evolution","authors":"Xiaomei Tan ,&nbsp;Liangliang Lin ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Ningning Dong ,&nbsp;Shishi Wang ,&nbsp;Wenqi Zhu ,&nbsp;Maoqing Luo ,&nbsp;Shuaisai Pang ,&nbsp;Yanzhao Xu ,&nbsp;Guangqing Liu ,&nbsp;Chunchun Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 672-675"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}