Water science and engineering最新文献

{"title":"Tidal asymmetry and mud transport in Oualidia Lagoon: Actual conditions in 2012 and rehabilitation scenarios","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oyster aquaculture in Oualidia Lagoon, Morocco, has suffered from poor water quality and water confinement in its upstream region. Tidal asymmetry (TA) has been suggested as a possible cause, and a sediment trap was dredged in 2011 to mitigate this condition. This study addresses TA in the lagoon using field measurements and numerical modeling in the presence of the sediment trap. Results indicate that the lagoon is flood-dominated mostly in its upstream end, where frictional forces exceed inertia accelerations during the tidal cycle and fine sediments settle on the tidal flats and inside the sediment trap. However, this study shows that a large mass of suspended sediments is exported to the ocean, which is contrary to expectations in flood-dominated lagoons. Defining the sediment trap as the rehabilitation scenario S1, the impacts of three additional scenarios on TA are examined. These are scenario S2 (dredging the upstream section of the main channel), scenario S3 (dredging the channels surrounding the flood delta near the inlets), and scenario S4 (raising the ocean level by 0.5 m following climate change predictions). Results show that none of these scenarios modify the tidal flood dominance in the lagoon, although scenarios S2 and S4 decrease its intensity in the upstream region. Nevertheless, all scenarios still contribute to a significant export of sediments to the ocean. This suggests that lagoon management activities should not rely on tidal asymmetry analyses that normally predict upstream sediment transport in flood-dominated lagoons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 344-351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139454446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced total nitrogen removal and membrane fouling control by increasing biomass in MBR equipped with ceramic membrane","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) is an efficient method to remove nitrogen in municipal wastewater treatment. However, low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations are generally required, leading to serious membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). This study aimed to clarify the synergistic effect of biomass and DO on nitrogen removal and membrane fouling. To achieve this goal, four submerged MBRs equipped with ceramic membranes were operated with different biomass (mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS)) concentrations (3 000 mg/L, 5 000 mg/L, 7 500 mg/L, and 12 000 mg/L) under various DO concentrations (2.0 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, and 0.5 mg/L). As a result, increasing biomass in the MBRs enhanced total nitrogen (TN) removal via SND, and excellent TN removal efficiencies of 60.7% and 75.8% were obtained using the MBR with an MLSS concentration of 12 000 mg/L and DO concentrations of 2.0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L. However, a further decrease in DO deteriorated TN removal due to the inhibition of nitrification. Moreover, high MLSS concentrations were beneficial to membrane fouling control for ceramic membranes in MBRs. The lowest transmembrane pressure development rate was observed for the MBR with an MLSS concentration of 12 000 mg/L. High biomass offset the adverse effect of DO decrease on membrane fouling to some extent, and improved the stability of the reactor. Therefore, biomass might be an important parameter for membrane fouling reduction in ceramic MBRs. Overall, optimal biomass and DO concentrations for TN removal were identified, providing useful information for the successful operation of MBRs with efficient TN removal and membrane fouling control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 352-360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and enhanced photocatalytic performance of N-TiO2/g-C3N4 heterostructure for Rhodamine B degradation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highly efficient photocatalysts have been developed for the degradation of contaminated water under visible light. In this study, N-doped TiO₂ (N-TiO₂) and metal-free graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) composites with various Ti/C molar ratios were prepared with the simple mixing-calcining method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of N-TiO₂/g-C₃N₄ in the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated, and the electrochemical method was used to determine the origin of the enhanced photoactivity of N-TiO₂/g-C₃N₄. The results showed that N-TiO₂ nanoparticles were dispersed on the surface of g-C₃N₄ and formed a stable heterojunction structure with g-C₃N₄. The heterojunction between the two semiconductors could effectively prevent the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes and improve the photocatalytic efficiency of the photocatalyst under visible light irradiation. The photocatalyst exhibited high stability, and the RhB degradation rate was still higher than 82.3% after five cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 371-377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of wetting pattern dimensions under moistube irrigation with a multivariate nonlinear model","authors":"Yan-wei Fan,&nbsp;Chong Ren,&nbsp;Zhi-wei Yang,&nbsp;Chang-yan Zhang,&nbsp;Wei-fan Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Moistube irrigation is a new micro-irrigation technology. Accurately estimating its wetting pattern dimensions presents a challenge. Therefore, it is necessary to develop models for efficient assessment of the wetting transport pattern in order to design a cost-effective moistube irrigation system. To achieve this goal, this study developed a multivariate nonlinear regression model and compared it with a dimensional model. HYDRUS-2D was used to perform numerical simulations of 56 irrigation scenarios with different factors. The experiments showed that the shape of the wetting soil body approximated a cylinder and was mainly affected by soil texture, pressure head, and matric potential. A multivariate nonlinear model using a power function relationship between wetting size and irrigation time was developed, with a determination coefficient greater than 0.99. The model was validated for cases with six soil texture types, with mean average absolute errors of 0.43–0.90 cm, root mean square errors of 0.51–0.95 cm, and mean deviation percentage values of 3.23%–6.27%. The multivariate nonlinear regression model outperformed the dimensional model. It can therefore provide a scientific foundation for the development of moistube irrigation systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 217-225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001254/pdfft?md5=c011fde7945cf2bcb410cdef7e4bcac0&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001254-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Properties of dredged material and potential scope of its beneficial use: A case study of the Pussur River in Bangladesh","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Pussur River, an important river in Bangladesh, requires approximately 6 × 10⁶ m³ of sediment to be dredged per year. At present, this dredged material is mainly dumped on the nearby agricultural and fish-cultivation lands, causing a reduction in productive land and producing negative impacts on people's livelihoods. This study aimed to investigate the engineering and environmental properties of the dredged sand of the Pussur River and evaluate the viability of its potential uses in different sectors. Bed sediments from the Pussur River and dredged material from disposal sites were collected, and laboratory investigations were performed. The test results showed that the dredged material of the Pussur River mainly consisted of fine sand with a fineness modulus ranging from 0.58 to 0.72 and could be classified as poorly graded sand according to the Unified Soil Classification System. This sand was also found suitable for land development, with a fair to poor suitability rating. Given the low concentration of heavy metals (at uncontaminated/slightly contaminated levels), the dredged sand might be safely used for land reclamation, landfill cover, and horticultural purposes, or else for other geotechnical applications without further treatment. After washing/leaching, the dredged sand could also be used as a partial replacement for local sand in concrete works. Moreover, there is a possibility of exporting the dredged sand to Singapore and the Maldives as filling material. These findings will help policymakers design dredging projects with a proper spoil management plan accounting for the dredged material's beneficial use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 336-343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139190340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of microplastic surface interactions in water and potential capturing methods","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics are emerging micropollutants in water threatening aquatic and land organisms. The microplastic–water system is complicated due to the multiple constituents in the water system and the minuscule size of the plastic waste. Although typical plastic-based materials are inert, the behavior of fragmented plastics is arbitrary and indefinite. When exposed to erratic water environments with the presence of organic and synthetic impurities, pH, temperature, and salt, microplastic surfaces may be potentially active and generate charges in water. These phenomena determine microplastics in water as a colloidal system. The classical Derjaguin Landau Verwey and Overbeek (DLVO) theory can be used to identify the microplastic surface behavior in water. The modification of microplastic surfaces eventually determines the overall interactions between microplastics and other constituents in water. Moreover, the geometry of microplastics and additives present in microcontaminants play a crucial role in their net interactions. Hence, multiple microplastic removal techniques, such as coagulation, filtration, and air flotation, can be developed to address the issue. In many cases, a combination of these methods may be needed to achieve the overall procedure in water treatment plants or generic water systems. Selection of an appropriate microplastic removal technique is crucial and should be based on the water environment and intended water use to ensure its safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 361-370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing impacts of climate change-driven sea level rise on hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics along Ba Lang beaches in Nha Trang Bay, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ba Lang sand beaches, located north of the Nha Trang Bay in Central Vietnam, are famous tourist attractions. However, they are experiencing shoreline and coastal erosion retreat, which is attributed to natural causes (such as tropical depressions, storms, and monsoons) as well as human impacts (such as hydropower generation, sand dredging, and coastal works). According to the forecast of the Vietnam Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, global climate change will cause the sea level to rise by 74 cm along the coast from the Dai Lanh Cape to the Ke Ga Cape (including the Ba Lang beaches) by the end of this century in the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario. Sea level rise (SLR) due to global climate change is expected to aggravate the coastal erosion and shoreline retreat problems. In this study, coupled numerical models with the spectral wave module (MIKE 21 SW), hydrodynamic module (MIKE 21 HD), and sand transport module (MIKE 21 ST) in the MIKE 21 package were used to simulate waves, current fields, and sediment dynamics along the Ba Lang beaches considering the impact of SLR. These models were calibrated with the field data measured in December 2016. The results showed that SLR caused the wave height to increase and reduced the current speed and total sediment load in monsoon conditions. The increase in wave height was even intensified under the joint impact of SLR and extreme events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 4","pages":"Pages 323-335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139025884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head-mounted display-based augmented reality for water quality visualisation","authors":"Jacky Cao ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Su ,&nbsp;Jonas Eilertsen Hædahl ,&nbsp;Thomas Berg Fjellestad ,&nbsp;Donjete Haziri ,&nbsp;André Hoang-An Vu ,&nbsp;Jari Koskiaho ,&nbsp;Satu Maaria Karjalainen ,&nbsp;Anna-kaisa Ronkanen ,&nbsp;Sasu Tarkoma ,&nbsp;Pan Hui","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water covers most of the Earth’s surface and is nowhere near a good ecological or recreational state in many areas of the world. Moreover, only a small fraction of the water is potable. As climate change-induced extreme weather events become ever more prevalent, more and more issues arise, such as worsening water quality problems. Therefore, protecting invaluable and useable drinking water is critical. Environmental agencies must continuously check water sources to determine whether they are in a good or healthy state regarding pollutant levels and ecological status. The currently available tools are better suited for stationary laboratory use, and domain specialists lack suitable tools for on-site visualisation and interactive exploration of environmental data. Meanwhile, data collection for laboratory analysis requires substantial time and significant effort. We, therefore, developed an augmented reality system with a Microsoft HoloLens 2 device to explore the visualisation of water quality and status in situ. The developed prototype visualises geo-referenced sensor measurements incorporated into the perspective of the surroundings. Any users interested in water bodies’ conditions can quickly examine and retrieve an overview of water body status using augmented reality and then take necessary steps to address the current situation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 236-248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001205/pdfft?md5=91077919e309986bc917ca9b436f4f4b&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001205-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulfidation of nano zero-valent iron for enhanced hexavalent chromium removal performance","authors":"Xiu-juan Feng ,&nbsp;Xiao-yi Wang ,&nbsp;Dong-ming Li ,&nbsp;Zhi-han Liu ,&nbsp;Yue-long Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) and sulfidation-modified nZVI (S-nZVI) were synthesized and used to remove hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in wastewater. Characterization of the products showed that the sulfidation process significantly changed the morphology of nZVI, with enhanced crystallinity. The effects of S/Fe ratio, pH value, and reaction temperature on Cr(VI) removal were studied. A S/Fe ratio of 0.5 was the most appropriate parameter, with a removal efficiency of 98% in the condition of pH = 2. The effects of anions (Cl⁻, <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>CO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mtext>SO</mtext><mn>4</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span>) and cations (Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺) on the Cr(VI) removal efficiency were investigated, and the relevant mechanisms were discussed. The Cr(VI) removal efficiency of S-nZVI was significantly greater than that of nZVI, mainly owing to the existence of FeS layers that could protect Fe⁰ cores and prompt electron transfer. The aging and cycling experiments showed that S-nZVI could maintain its reactivity when facing the corrosion of water, and showed cycling stability. Thus, S-nZVI is an effective and feasible agent for the remediation of Cr(VI)-contained wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 249-256"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001199/pdfft?md5=5062dc5bd00c2da3d0ad60381fbcd0b1&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001199-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal response of nitrogen exchange fluxes to crab disturbance at sediment–water interface in coastal tidal wetlands","authors":"Guo-fen Hua ,&nbsp;Shang-qing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang-dong Liu ,&nbsp;Jin-li Li ,&nbsp;Yue Fang ,&nbsp;Wen-ting Xie ,&nbsp;Xiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wse.2023.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal wetlands are hotspots for nitrogen (N) cycling, and crab burrowing is known to transform N in intertidal marsh soils. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study conducted field experiments and used indoor control test devices to investigate the seasonal response of nitrogen to crab disturbance at the sediment–water interface in coastal tidal flat wetlands. The results showed that crab disturbance exhibited significant seasonality with large seasonal differences in cave density and depth. Due to crab disturbance, nitrogen fluxes at the sediment–water interface were much greater in the box with crabs than in the box without crabs. In summer, <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>-</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span> showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water, but <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> showed positive fluxes from the sediment to the overlying water only in early stages. In winter, <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water, but <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NO</mtext><mn>3</mn><mo>−</mo></msubsup><mtext>-</mtext><mi>N</mi></math></span> both exhibited positive and negative fluxes. These results indicated that the presence of crab burrows can cause the aerobic layer to move downward by approximately 8–15 cm in summer and directly promote nitrification at the sediment surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23628,"journal":{"name":"Water science and engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 129-138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674237023001187/pdfft?md5=ecffc1324b2de1ec9722880f4e7be518&pid=1-s2.0-S1674237023001187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138614138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}