Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasound-guided subscalene approach for the brachial plexus in dogs: a descriptive cadaveric study","authors":"Santiago E. Fuensalida ,&nbsp;Lisa Tarragona ,&nbsp;Alfredo Díaz ,&nbsp;Nicolas H. Giansanti ,&nbsp;Angela Briganti ,&nbsp;Diego A. Portela ,&nbsp;Pablo E. Otero","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the ultrasound anatomy of the subscalene groove, evaluate the feasibility of an in-plane subscalene approach to the brachial plexus (BP) and compare one- and two-point injection techniques for BP staining in canine cadavers.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective, randomized, descriptive anatomical study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Nineteen thawed male and female adult canine cadavers [mass 3–40 kg, body condition scores 4–6/9 (range)].</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ultrasonography and anatomical dissections were performed in two cadavers to study the relationship between cervical muscles and the ventral branches of the last three cervical spinal nerves (C6, C7, C8) and the first thoracic spinal nerve (T1). Seventeen thawed cadavers were then used to assess nerve staining following ultrasound-guided subscalene injections. Group 1 dogs (G1, <em>n</em> = 17) were injected with 0.4 mL kg^–1 of dye cranial to C8 in the subscalene groove using a single injection point. Group 2 dogs (G2, <em>n</em> = 17) were injected with dye in the same intermuscular plane, split into two injections: 0.3 mL kg^–1 cranial to C8 and 0.1 mL kg^–1 cranial to C7 on the contralateral side. Staining was considered successful if C6, C7, C8 and T1 were stained circumferentially (&gt;1 cm) and unsuccessful if any branch was unstained. Outcomes were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, with significance set at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sonoanatomy matched anatomical dissections, with target nerves identified in all cadavers. Staining success rates were 41% in G1 and 88% in G2 (<em>p</em> = 0.0104). Median (range) stained ventral branches were 3 (2–4) in G1 and 4 (3–4) in G2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>The ultrasound-guided subscalene approach facilitated reliable identification of the BP at the subscalene groove. Successful staining of all target nerves required two injection aliquots. Future clinical studies are warranted to assess the applicability and efficacy of this technique in live animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 470-479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors associated with increased mortality within 14 days of general anesthesia in specialty veterinary dentistry and oral surgery practices","authors":"Melinda R. Spaar Weiss ,&nbsp;Jason P. Hutt ,&nbsp;Samuel D. Stewart ,&nbsp;Mary Krakowski Volker","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the overall mortality rate and risk factors associated with mortality in dogs within 2 weeks of general anesthesia in a specialty veterinary dentistry and oral surgery practice.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A total of 3210 dogs were anesthetized for advanced imaging and/or oral surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Electronic medical records of four clinics were examined for dogs that had undergone advanced imaging and/or oral surgery requiring general anesthesia over a 2 year period (2021–2023). Data were collected on patient demographics, procedural and anesthetic details, and mortality status 2 weeks after anesthesia. Univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify risk factors associated with anesthetic death.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mortality rate of the study population of dogs was 0.37%. Median age at death was statistically higher than that of dogs alive 2 weeks after anesthesia following univariate analysis (12 and 7 years, respectively). Median anesthetic duration was statistically longer in dogs that died than those that were alive following univariate analysis (177.5 minutes and 141 minutes, respectively). Following multivariate analysis, however, only older age remained a significant risk factor (odds ratio 1.364). Weight, sex, and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification were not statistically significant risk factors for anesthetic death.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Data from this study may facilitate risk discussions with clients, especially owners of older dogs undergoing anesthesia in veterinary dental practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 396-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist vatinoxan improves the quality of medetomidine–midazolam sedation in Wistar rats","authors":"Emily Lindh ,&nbsp;Anna Meller ,&nbsp;Karoliina Alm ,&nbsp;Piet Finckenberg ,&nbsp;Marja Raekallio ,&nbsp;Juhana Honkavaara","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of a peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, vatinoxan, on medetomidine–midazolam sedation in adult Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Randomized, blinded, crossover study (7 day rest period between treatments).</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A group of 10 male adult Wistar rats weighing 311–332 g.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Rats were administered four subcutaneous (SC) treatments: medetomidine 0.25 mg kg^–1 and midazolam 2 mg kg^–1 (MM), medetomidine 0.125 mg kg^–1 and midazolam 1 mg kg^–1 (½MM), MM + vatinoxan 5 mg kg^–1 (MMV) or ½MM + vatinoxan 2.5 mg kg^–1 (½MMV). The time to loss of consciousness was determined by measuring the time to loss of the righting reflex. Noninvasive mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and pulse rate were measured. After 55 minutes, blood glucose concentration (BGC) was analysed and atipamezole (1.25 mg kg^–1 or 0.625 mg kg^–1) and flumazenil (0.2 mg kg^–1) were injected SC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The time to loss of consciousness (seconds) was significantly shorter after MMV [152 (122–189)] [median (range)] than after MM [172 (108–325)] or ½MM [243 (140–508)] (<em>p</em> = 0.050, <em>p</em> = 0.001). BGC (mmol L^–1) was significantly lower after MMV (9.6 ± 1.8, mean ± standard deviation) and ½MMV (9.7 ± 1.8) than after MM (18.1 ± 4.1) or ½MM (17.3 ± 2.4) (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). No mortality, hypotension (MAP &lt; 60 mmHg) or hypoglycaemia (BCG &lt; 4.0) were detected after any treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>By mitigating the medetomidine-associated effects outside of the central nervous system and reducing the time to loss of consciousness, vatinoxan improved the quality of SC medetomidine–midazolam sedation in laboratory rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 386-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of lidocaine incisional block techniques on early postoperative pain scores in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Wanwisa Chaoum ,&nbsp;Piyasak Wipoosak ,&nbsp;B. Duncan X. Lascelles ,&nbsp;Supranee Jitpean ,&nbsp;Naruepon Kampa ,&nbsp;Thanikul Srithunyarat","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare postoperative pain scores following lidocaine incisional block techniques (infiltration <em>versus</em> splash methods) with an intraperitoneal splash block in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, clinical study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A total of 30 client-owned female dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All dogs were premedicated with intramuscular acepromazine (0.02 mg kg^–1). General anesthesia was induced with intravenous propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Fentanyl (2 μg kg^–1) was administered intravenously before skin incision, and lidocaine (4 mg kg^–1) splashed intraperitoneally during surgery. Dogs were randomly divided into two groups (<em>n</em> = 15 per group) based on incisional block technique, with blocks performed at the end of surgery. Group INC was administered incisional infiltration of lidocaine (2 mg kg^–1 plus equal volume of saline, final dilution of 1%), with injection into subcutaneous tissues along in the incision. Group SP was administered an incisional splash of lidocaine on the subcutaneous tissues before skin closure. Both techniques were performed in each group, lidocaine for the designated treatment and saline for the other. Postoperative physiological variables were measured and pain was evaluated using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale–Short Form (CMPS-SF) at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after extubation. Data were statistically analyzed using a linear mixed model with Bonferroni correction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At 120 minutes after extubation, CMPS-SF pain scores were significantly lower in group SP than in group INC (1.9 ± 0.9 <em>versus</em> 2.9 ± 0.9, <em>p</em> = 0.002; mean ± standard deviation). However, pain scores in both groups were below the intervention threshold for rescue. No dogs required rescue analgesia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Both lidocaine incisional infiltration and splash, combined with intraperitoneal splash, provided effective analgesia for up to 2 hours postoperatively in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Lidocaine incisional splash is recommended as a simpler technique associated with lower pain scores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 462-469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of the rectus sheath block for perioperative analgesia in three foals undergoing omphalectomy and cystoplasty","authors":"Rocío Bustamante,&nbsp;Ignacio ÁG de Segura,&nbsp;Isabel Santiago","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Locoregional techniques promote multimodal analgesia and may reduce general anaesthetic requirements. However, there is limited evidence in foals. The rectus sheath block (RSB) is an interfascial plane block previously described in other species such as dogs, cats, pigs, and calves, and recently in foals, which targets desensitization of ventral abdominal midline. This block may provide an efficacious analgesic alternative for ventral celiotomies and umbilical surgeries. This case series reports the use of a bilateral RSB with 0.25–0.3 mL kg^–1 bupivacaine (maximum dose of 2 mg kg^–1) per hemiabdomen for perioperative analgesia in three client-owned foals undergoing omphalectomy and cystoplasty under general anaesthesia. All foals were premedicated intravenously with xylazine and butorphanol, and anaesthesia was induced with ketamine and propofol. General anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Bupivacaine was deposited between the rectus abdominis muscle and its internal sheath. Intraoperative antinociceptive response to surgical stimulus and haemodynamic changes were monitored and recorded during surgery. Intraoperative rescue analgesia (butorphanol or ketamine) was given if heart rate or mean arterial pressure increased &gt; 20% from baseline due to surgical stimuli. Postoperatively, pain was assessed every 2 hours using a facial pain scale for foals, for 12 hours following extubation. In these three anaesthetized foals, the bilateral RSB contributed to perioperative analgesia, as postoperative pain scores indicated minimal discomfort, and no postoperative opioids were used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 493-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of support structures for second victims in veterinary anaesthesia: building on insights from an international survey - Part 2.","authors":"Luiz Cp Santos, Michelle McArthur, Nigel Perkins, Wendy Goodwin","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the availability, quality, and desired forms of support structures for veterinary anaesthesia professionals following patient safety incidents (PSIs).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This cross-sectional online survey invited veterinary anaesthetists, anaesthetists in training and veterinary nurses/technicians to participate between June and September 2023. Colleague, supervisor, institutional, and non-work-related support responses were assessed using validated subscales adapted from the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 303 participants from 31 countries completed the survey. Overall, one-quarter of respondents (25.3%) admitted that they never discuss PSIs in their department, with 35.3% perceiving the culture during morbidity and mortality meetings as negative. Nearly half of respondents (48%) perceived the level of support within the anaesthesia department negatively. Immediate critical incident debriefing ('hot debrief') was utilised by 37.7% of respondents, with 53.6% of those discussing only the facts of the incidents. About 67.5% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed finding relief in discussing incidents with colleagues, and an equal proportion felt supported by these colleagues in maintaining their professional self-esteem. A significant concern was raised about how supervisors respond to incidents, with 26.5% of respondents feeling that supervisors tended to blame individuals after PSIs. Furthermore, 55.9% agreed or strongly agreed feeling that their organisation offers inadequate resources for recovery and 52% perceived a lack of concern for well-being in their organisation. Collegial and organisational support were regarded as poor by 7% and 34.2% of the respondents, respectively. Desired forms of support included: a respected peer for discussion (86.3%) and a peaceful location for recovery (70.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>This study identified gaps in support structures for veterinary anaesthesia professionals, particularly in organisational resources for recovery following PSIs. While some support elements were perceived positively, areas for improvement include enhancing accessible and timely support measures to promote well-being and professional self-esteem.</p>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia Small Animal Anesthesia and Sedation Monitoring Guidelines 2025","authors":"Kate Bailey ,&nbsp;Jessica Briley ,&nbsp;Lauren Duffee ,&nbsp;Tanya Duke-Novakovski ,&nbsp;Tamara Grubb ,&nbsp;Kris Kruse-Elliott ,&nbsp;Lydia Love ,&nbsp;Manuel Martin-Flores ,&nbsp;Carolyn McKune ,&nbsp;Aya Oda ,&nbsp;Daniel S.J. Pang ,&nbsp;Lysa P. Posner ,&nbsp;Rachel Reed ,&nbsp;Jennifer Sager ,&nbsp;Daniel M. Sakai ,&nbsp;Andrew W. Schultz ,&nbsp;Sharon Tenenbaum-Shih","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia (ACVAA) in collaboration with the North American Veterinary Anesthesia Society and the Academy of Veterinary Technicians in Anesthesia and Analgesia have revised and expanded the 2009 guidelines. The 2025 guidelines include updated recommendations for monitoring circulation, oxygenation, ventilation, body temperature, neuromuscular blockade, and anesthetic depth in feline and canine patients. Monitoring during sedation (sedation-specific guidelines are in the Monitoring During Sedation Section), recommendations for personnel managing the patient, and the use of cognitive aids have been incorporated. This document is meant to establish guidelines for monitoring small animals during sedation and in the perianesthetic time period. Further information concerning techniques, reference values, differential diagnoses, and details of various interventions can be found in the reference literature cited at the end of this paper. These guidelines use objective, evidence-based criteria whenever possible; however, some of the recommendations are a consensus of expert opinion and clinical experience. This document is intended to guide monitoring of small animal patients during sedation and anesthesia; it is not to be construed as a standard of care as the choice of monitoring techniques and methods can vary depending on the type of practice and spectrum of care considerations. Alternative methods are suggested if a minimally recommended technique is unavailable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 377-385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of ultrasound-guided external oblique intercostal block injections in dogs","authors":"Kyle J. Bartholomew,&nbsp;William E. Swanton,&nbsp;Carrie A. Schroeder","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe a technique for an ultrasound-guided external oblique intercostal (EOI) block and compare the anatomic spread of two different volumes of new methylene blue injectate in dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Blinded, prospective, experimental cadaveric study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A total of six Beagle dogs weighing 9.5 (8–12) kg [median (range)].</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To determine technique feasibility, computed tomography-based visualization of iodinated contrast spread following EOI injections in a single dog was performed. Subsequently, ultrasound-guided injections were performed bilaterally in six anesthetized dogs (12 hemithoraces), in the fascial plane between the external abdominal oblique and intercostal muscles, at the T9–T10 thoracic space. We assessed two randomly assigned injectate volumes: low volume (LV; 0.25 mL kg^–1) and high volume (HV; 0.5 mL kg^–1). Animals were then euthanized and immediately dissected to assess the spread of methylene blue and nerves stained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Total distance of injectate spread was 100.3 ± 8.8 mm (mean ± standard deviation) and 81.2 ± 12.0 mm in HV and LV groups, respectively. Cranial distribution of stain terminated at intercostal spaces T7–8, T8–9 and T9–10 in 5/12 (HV, <em>n</em> = 3; LV, <em>n</em> = 2), 6/12 (HV, <em>n</em> = 3; LV, <em>n</em> = 3) and 1/12 (LV, <em>n</em> = 1) injections, respectively. Caudal distribution of stain terminated at intercostal spaces T10–11, T11–12, and T12–13 in 1/12 (HV, <em>n</em> = 1), 9/12 (HV, <em>n</em> = 3; LV, <em>n</em> = 6) and 2/12 (HV, <em>n</em> = 2) injections, respectively. HV and LV injections stained 1.8 ± 0.8 and 1.0 ± 0.6 intercostal nerves, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>The pattern of spread observed following ultrasound-guided EOI injections may be consistent with providing desensitization to nerves innervating the cranial and lateral abdomen. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical impact of these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 446-454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout among veterinary anaesthesia specialists: The impact of different areas of worklife (Part 2).","authors":"Hamaseh Tayari, Adam Auckburally, Derek Flaherty, Rachel Bennett, Alex Dugdale","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify worklife areas predictive of American and European Veterinary Anaesthesia Diplomate burnout.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional online anonymous, voluntary survey.</p><p><strong>Sample population: </strong>A total of 530 American and/or European Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia College (ACVAA and ECVAA) Diplomates were canvassed, 286 responded.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Self-administered electronic questionnaire, incorporating a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service for Medical Personnel (results reported in Part 1), and the Areas of Worklife Survey (AWS). The AWS uses 28 questions to evaluate six key worklife areas in an organization. Scores ≥ 3.0 indicate better alignment between the workplace and the respondent, scores < 3.0 indicate poor alignment. Data were analysed with descriptive statistical tests and univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The six AWS areas demonstrated a strong significant collective effect for the emotional exhaustion (EE) and personal accomplishment (PA) burnout domains (p < 0.001) and moderate for the depersonalization (DP) domain (p < 0.001). Workload and reward accounted for 36.6% and 17% of responders' EE scores, respectively, with EE increasing by 9.1 for each one-point rise in workload and decreasing by 7.4 for every one-point increase in feeling of reward. PA declined by 3.7 and 4.2 points, respectively, for every one-point reduction in perceived lack of fairness, and alignment with organizational values. The DP domain of burnout was influenced by the perceived lack of control, which was opposed by the sense of community, whereby for each one-point drop in level of control, DP increased by 3.0, while for each one-point gain in the sense of community, DP decreased by 3.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>The drivers of burnout include modifiable workplace factors, many of which lend themselves to easy change. It is time for employers to consider instigating measures to reduce the risk of burnout in veterinary anaesthesia Diplomates.</p>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic fascial plane injections using a ‘hit-rib’ technique in dog cadavers targeting lateral cutaneous nerves","authors":"Donghwi Shin,&nbsp;Taehoon Sung,&nbsp;Minha Kim,&nbsp;Changhoon Nam,&nbsp;Jungha Lee,&nbsp;Junsoo Kim,&nbsp;Chailin Park,&nbsp;Inhyung Lee,&nbsp;Won-gyun Son","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify the feasibility of the anatomical landmark-guided ‘hit-rib’ technique for distributing injectate solution in the thoracic lateral cutaneous fascial plane (TLC_PLANE) and to evaluate injectate dispersion.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective, experimental, randomized cadaveric study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A group of 10 adult Beagle dog cadavers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In three cadavers, the feasibility of TLC_PLANE dispersion of injectate was evaluated using the hit-rib technique. Hypodermic needles (23 or 26 gauge) were inserted perpendicularly through the skin until contact was made with target ribs (fourth, seventh, and 10th ribs), and 1 mL of bupivacaine-methylene blue dye solution was injected. In seven cadavers, injectate dispersion was evaluated following injection of dye solution using the same technique with 23 gauge hypodermic needles. For each hemithorax, a total injectate volume of 0.4 mL kg^-1 was divided equally among the three injection sites. Duration of each injection was recorded. Injectate dispersion was evaluated through dissection. Data were analyzed descriptively and the results presented as median (range).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The hit-rib technique appeared feasible, with injectate successfully distributed in the hemithoraces of the three cadavers as follows: all injections distributed within the TLC_PLANE; at the fourth and seventh ribs, it reached the superficial and deep serratus planes with 23 and 26 gauge hypodermic needles, respectively. From the injectate dispersion assessment, in each hemithorax, injectate was confirmed to be distributed in the TLC_PLANE, with dispersion from ribs number 2 (1–3) to 12 (11–12). The numbers of stained lateral cutaneous branches for each injection site were 4 (3–5), 4 (4–5), and 4 (3–5) at the fourth, seventh, and 10th ribs, respectively. The procedure time per hemithorax was 42.6 (28.8–60.7) seconds.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>This first description of an anatomical landmark-guided thoracic lateral cutaneous fascial plane block technique potentially results in injectate spread to the entire hemithorax with three simple and quick-to-perform injections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 455-461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}