Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia最新文献

{"title":"Speed of reversal by sugammadex or neostigmine after vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block in dogs: Randomized clinical trial and pharmacological modeling","authors":"Manuel Martin-Flores ,&nbsp;Augusto M. Lorenzutti ,&nbsp;Alexandra D. Markmann ,&nbsp;Joaquin Araos ,&nbsp;Luis Campoy","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare recovery times from vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block with sugammadex or neostigmine, and to estimate recovery times using simulated, clinically relevant scenarios, with nonlinear mixed-effect (NLME) models.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Randomized clinical trial and pharmacological modeling.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A group of 30 adult dogs of various breeds undergoing ophthalmic surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Neuromuscular block was induced and maintained with vecuronium. Train-of-four (TOF) count (<em>n</em>) or ratio (%) was quantified with acceleromyography every minute. Dogs were randomized to intravenous injection of sugammadex (4 or 1 mg kg^–1) or neostigmine/atropine (0.04/0.02 mg kg^–1) following surgery. Treatment effect on recovery time, time from last dose of vecuronium, and TOF and temperature at the time of reversal were assessed with a generalized linear model. NLME models were created and simulations of subpopulations (<em>n</em> = 7500) performed for reversal with each treatment at a TOF count 0–3 and performed between 0–20 or 21–50 minutes after vecuronium.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reversal occurred at a TOF count or ratio of 1 (0–8)%, 1 (0–52)% and 2 (0–30)% for sugammadex 4 mg kg^–1, 1 mg kg^–1 and neostigmine, respectively. Treatment and time from last vecuronium significantly affected reversal time (both <em>p</em> ≤ 0.005; all treatments differed from one another). Recovery times were 2 (1–5), 3 (2–14) and 7.5 (5–19) minutes, respectively, and these findings were supported by NLME model simulations. A longer time between last administration of vecuronium and neostigmine reversal resulted in faster recovery. Recovery times up to 5, 13 and 30 minutes can be expected for these reversal regimes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Recovery from vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block with sugammadex was dose dependent and faster than neostigmine. Substantial variation in recovery times is expected with low-dose sugammadex and neostigmine, highlighting the importance of monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 328-337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography assessment of V-Gel Advanced supraglottic airway device placement in cats","authors":"José M. Gómez-Silvestre ,&nbsp;Ana García-Fernández ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Redondo ,&nbsp;María de Los Reyes Marti-Scharhausen ,&nbsp;Ariel Cañón ,&nbsp;Eva Z. Hernández ,&nbsp;Agustín Martínez ,&nbsp;David McCallum Neilson ,&nbsp;Jaime Viscasillas","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the placement of V-Gel Advanced supraglottic airway device (SGAD) in cats.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Retrospective study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A total of 75 client-owned cats with V-Gel Advanced (SGAD) undergoing computed tomography (CT) scans.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CT images of cats with SGADs in place and exhibiting normal capnogram waveforms were reviewed. The size, distance from the end of the SGAD connector to the incisors of the animal, closure of the anatomical area around the shoulders of the SGAD, perfect seal of the larynx, closure of the oesophagus, adequate size, presence of gas in the stomach, complications and other observations were recorded. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed to assess the association of the factors studied with incorrect device placement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 69 CTs were included in the study. The SGAD did not seal the area around the shoulders of the SGAD, the larynx or the oesophagus in 62.3% (43/69), 14.5% (10/69) and 72.5% (50/69) of the CTs, respectively. The device was slightly or very rotated in 26% (18/69) and 5.7% (4/69) of the CTs, respectively. The device was touching the epiglottis in 2.9% (2/69) of the CTs. The SGADs were positioned too caudally and too rostrally in 1.4% (1/69) and 2.9% (2/69) of the CTs, respectively. No association was found between factors studied and incorrect device placement. No complications were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Based on the results, normal capnography waveforms do not confirm the correct placement of the SGAD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 320-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of combinations of dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine in male neutered cats","authors":"Bruno H. Pypendop ,&nbsp;Yu Hong Law ,&nbsp;Juhana Honkavaara ,&nbsp;Linda S. Barter","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To characterize the pharmacokinetics of combinations of dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine in cats.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Partially randomized, crossover, experimental study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A group of six healthy male neutered cats, aged 1–2 years, weighing 5.4 ± 0.3 kg.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Each cat was administered six treatments: dexmedetomidine (25 μg kg^–1; D) + vatinoxan (600 μg kg^–1; V) + ketamine (2.5 mg kg^–1; K2.5) intramuscularly (IM) (DVK2.5IM); D + V + ketamine (5 mg kg^–1; K5) IM (DVK5IM); D + V + ketamine (10 mg kg^–1; K10) IM (DVK10IM); D + K5 IM (DK5IM); D + V + K5 subcutaneously (SC) (DVK5SC); or D + V + K5 intravenously (IV) (DVK5IV). Venous blood samples were collected before treatment injection, and at various times up to 6 hours thereafter. Plasma dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Compartment models were fitted to the time–plasma dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine data using nonlinear mixed effect modeling, including covariates for the effects of vatinoxan and the dose of ketamine where appropriate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two-compartment models best fitted the time–plasma dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine concentrations. The models predicted that vatinoxan increases the clearance of dexmedetomidine and decreases the bioavailability of IM ketamine and that increasing doses of ketamine increase the volume of the central compartment for dexmedetomidine and the bioavailability of IM ketamine. The volume of distribution at steady state (mL kg^–1) and metabolic clearance (mL minute^–1 kg^–1) were 1012–2429 and 12.5–15.4 for dexmedetomidine, 666 and 3.7 for vatinoxan and 2260 and 23.8 for ketamine, respectively. Bioavailability (%) for IM and SC dexmedetomidine, vatinoxan and ketamine was 83 and 95, 99 and 95 and 60–100 and 100, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>The pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine and the bioavailability of ketamine were affected by vatinoxan and the dose of ketamine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 284-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected upper airway obstruction after ear flushing in two cats","authors":"Carolina Meira ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Golini ,&nbsp;Matthias Dennler ,&nbsp;Nina Fischer ,&nbsp;Annette P.N. Kutter","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report outlines complications associated with ear flush procedures in two cats. The first case, a female Domestic Short Hair cat, aged 8 years and weighing 3.9 kg, presented with signs of Horner's syndrome and right-sided facial paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral otitis media and right-sided bulla osteolysis. Under general anaesthesia with sevoflurane, a bilateral myringotomy and ear flush was performed. After flushing of the right ear, there was significant swelling on the right side of the head, extending to the left side and with oropharyngeal oedema, which made visualization of the trachea impossible. It was decided not to attempt tracheal extubation. Intravenous (IV) clemastine and topical mannitol were administered to treat a possible drug reaction and decrease oedema, respectively. The cat was transferred to intensive care unit and maintained under general anaesthesia. The lungs were mechanically ventilated, and antimicrobials and steroids were administered IV. The subsequent day, as the swelling and oedema had resolved, successful extubation was performed, and the patient was discharged from the clinic.</div><div>The second case was a spayed female Domestic Short Hair cat, aged 9 years, weighing 2.4 kg and with a history of ear disease. It had recently developed symptoms of right-sided peripheral vestibular syndrome. Under anaesthesia with sevoflurane, magnetic resonance imaging revealed bilateral otitis media with bulla osteitis. The cat’s trachea was extubated after ear flush and myringotomy, followed shortly after by emergency orotracheal reintubation owing to oropharyngeal soft tissue swelling causing upper airway obstruction. The cat was administered glucose and phenylephrine topically and dexamethasone IV. The airway was nebulized with diluted epinephrine. Anaesthesia recovery and extubation were possible a few hours later. The cat recovered in an oxygen cage in the intensive care unit and was administered antimicrobials, maropitant and butorphanol IV and closely monitored overnight. The cat was discharged from the clinic the next day.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 360-364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pharmacopuncture with metamizole on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Bruno K. Ariga ,&nbsp;Gláucia P. Kanashiro ,&nbsp;Gabriela B.M. Vieira ,&nbsp;Luiza G. Peruchi ,&nbsp;Gabriel M. Nicácio ,&nbsp;Renata N. Cassu","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of metamizole injected at acupuncture points with intramuscular injection in dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective, randomized, blinded, controlled clinical study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Thirty-six healthy pet dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The anesthetic protocol included meperidine and dexmedetomidine, propofol, and isoflurane. Immediately after anesthetic induction and orotracheal intubation, dogs were randomly assigned to be given 25 mg kg^-1 of metamizole, injected bilaterally at the acupuncture points Stomach 36, Spleen 6, and Liver 3 (AP-G, <em>n</em> = 12), intramuscularly (IM-G, <em>n</em> =12), or no metamizole treatment (Control-G, <em>n</em> = 12). In the AP-G, metamizole was diluted in saline solution to a final volume of 1.2 mL, and 0.2 mL was injected at each acupuncture point. Intraoperatively, intravenous fentanyl was given to control cardiovascular responses to nociception. Pain was assessed preoperatively, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours after extubation, using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (CMPS-SF). Morphine was given as rescue analgesia. Data were analyzed using the Fisher’s exact test, Kaplan Meier curve, Tukey test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Friedman test (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Morphine was required in 16.6% (2/12), 50% (6/12), and 75% (8/12) of the dogs in the AP-G, IM-G, and Control-G, respectively, with significant differences recorded between AP-G and Control-G (<em>p</em> = 0.036). Lower CMPS-SF scores were recorded in the AP-G compared with the IM-G and Control-G from 1 to 4 hours (<em>p</em> = 0.001–0.003).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Pharmacopuncture with metamizole provides similar levels of analgesia, as indicated by rescue analgesic requirement, as intramuscular metamizole in healthy dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. This technique may be considered as an adjunctive analgesic strategy for postoperative pain management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 338-345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to: Iff I, Hohermuth B, Bass D, Bass M (2025) A case of potential rapidly progressing osteoarthritis (RPOA) in a dog during bedinvetmab treatment. Vet Anesth Analg 52, 263–265","authors":"Steve Budsberg ,&nbsp;John Innes ,&nbsp;Francis Berenbaum ,&nbsp;Oliver Knesl ,&nbsp;Beatriz Monteiro ,&nbsp;Adam Werts","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 372-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red blood cell transfusion in canine and feline patients under general anaesthesia","authors":"Hannah Brodie ,&nbsp;Charles T. Talbot ,&nbsp;Andrew Foster ,&nbsp;Erica Tinson ,&nbsp;Karen Humm","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe a referral hospital population of dogs and cats receiving red blood cell (RBC) transfusions during general anaesthesia (GA).</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Cats and dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between 2016 and 2021, animals that received RBC products during GA were identified using clinical records. Signalment, physical examination and clinical pathology findings, reason for GA, blood product details and timing of transfusion in relation to commencement of GA, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status and survival to discharge were collected. Normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilks test. Pearson’s chi-squared or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U tests was used to investigate the relationship between underlying disease, timing of transfusion and ASA status on survival; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2137 animals received RBC transfusions during the study period. Of these, 332 occurred under GA and 244 patients were excluded, leaving 88 animals that met the study criteria. These comprised 18 cats and 70 dogs. The most common reason for RBC transfusion under GA was for surgical management of a haemoabdomen (23/88). Animals were significantly more likely to survive if their ASA status was I or II (<em>p</em> = 0.031). Overall survival was not affected by transfusion start time; however, animals with ASA status of IV or V were significantly more likely to survive when RBC transfusion was started before GA (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference in survival (<em>p</em> = 0.876), or length of hospital stay (<em>p</em> = 0.854) based on volume of RBC product administered. No transfusion reactions were identified in this group of animals in this study. Overall survival was 79.5%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Noncritical animals (ASA I and II) were more likely to survive in this population, but more compromised animals (ASA IV and V) benefitted from starting the transfusion prior to GA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 302-310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor block following epidural bupivacaine or ropivacaine in dogs: a randomized clinical study","authors":"Sophie A. Mead ,&nbsp;Ian A. Self","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the duration of motor blockade associated with epidural ropivacaine and bupivacaine, each with morphine, in dogs undergoing soft tissue and orthopaedic surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Randomized, parallel, blinded clinical trial.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A group of 29 client-owned dogs, with American Society of Anesthesiologists scores I–III.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>After intravenous (IV) acepromazine (10 μg kg^-1) and methadone (0.2 mg kg^-1), anaesthesia was induced (propofol IV) and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. To provide regional anaesthesia, a lumbosacral epidural injection was administered using either bupivacaine (0.5%, 0.2 mL kg^-1) + morphine (0.1 mg kg^-1) or ropivacaine (0.5%, 0.2 mL kg^-1) + morphine (0.1 mg kg^-1). Postoperative pain was assessed using a composite pain scale and motor block was assessed by observing voluntary movement and the dogs’ ability to stand and walk. Assessments were made hourly for 8 hours following epidural drug administration, starting in recovery, and then every 4 hours for 24 hours. Nausea, vomiting, pruritus, voluntary urination and defaecation and administration of rescue analgesia were also recorded. Duration of motor block was compared between groups using parametric and non-parametric (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median (interquartile range) time to return of voluntary movement was: 4 hours (3–7) with bupivacaine (<em>n</em> = 15) <em>versus</em> 4 hours (3–6) (<em>n</em> = 14) with ropivacaine, <em>p</em> = 0.21. Return of normal motor function was significantly faster with ropivacaine [10 hours (6–12)] <em>versus</em> bupivacaine [16 hours (8–20)], <em>p</em> = 0.009. No dogs required intraoperative rescue analgesia. Two dogs receiving ropivacaine required postoperative rescue analgesia compared with no dogs receiving bupivacaine, <em>p</em> = 0.22.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>In this study epidural ropivacaine + morphine provided an alternative to bupivacaine + morphine based on a faster return of normal motor function and similar requirement for postoperative rescue analgesia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 3","pages":"Pages 346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closing the gap: leadership training in veterinary anesthesia and analgesia residency programs","authors":"Luiz Santos ,&nbsp;Lydia Love","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 509-511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute changes in serum iron concentrations in anesthetized healthy horses","authors":"Monica Midon,&nbsp;Stuart C. Clark-Price,&nbsp;Hui-Chu Lin,&nbsp;Kara M. Lascola,&nbsp;Lindsey Boone","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine if serum iron concentrations decrease acutely during and after general anesthesia in healthy horses.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective experimental study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A convenience sample of 24 healthy adult horses (eight females, 16 geldings), weighing 545 ± 33 kg (mean ± standard deviation).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Horses were anesthetized for 120 minutes with isoflurane, after premedication with intravenous (IV) xylazine (0.8 mg kg^–1) and induction with IV midazolam (0.1 mg kg^–1) and ketamine (2.2 mg kg^–1). Blood samples for serum iron analysis were obtained just before premedication (baseline), after 60 minutes of anesthesia (T60), after 120 minutes of anesthesia (T120), immediately after recovery (TREC) and 24 hours after induction (T24). Serum iron values are reported as mean ± standard deviation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Serum iron concentration was 152 ± 29 μg dL^–1 at baseline, with reductions at other time points: 136 ± 25 μg dL^–1 at T60, 133 ± 26 μg dL^–1 at T120, 136 ± 26 μg dL^–1 at TREC and 63 ± 19 μg dL^–1 at T24.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Serum iron concentrations acutely decrease in healthy horses during and after general anesthesia for at least 24 hours. General anesthesia may interfere with the use of serum iron for detecting and monitoring systemic disease and inflammation in horses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 417-420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}