Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia最新文献

{"title":"Acute normovolaemic haemodilution during anaesthesia in a polycythaemic French Bulldog presented for transvalvular pulmonic stent angioplasty","authors":"Lucy Armitage,&nbsp;Robyn Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 2-year-old, female entire French Bulldog was presented for exercise intolerance, tachypnoea and cyanosis. Severe pulmonic stenosis and hypoplasia with a right-to-left shunting patent foramen ovale was identified on echocardiography. Polycythaemia was present on initial haematology. Minimally invasive transvalvular pulmonic stent angioplasty (TPSA) was scheduled to improve blood flow to the pulmonary circulation and reduce shunt fraction. Anaesthesia was induced with fentanyl, midazolam and propofol administered intravenously to effect. Anaesthesia was maintained with propofol, fentanyl and lidocaine infusions. Following induction, the dog had a haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO₂) of 76% and was hypotensive, requiring a noradrenaline infusion to correct it. After blood pressure stabilization and prior to TPSA, acute normovolaemic haemodilution was performed to reduce haematocrit and blood viscosity to improve oxygen delivery. Following acute normovolaemic haemodilution, SpO₂ and blood pressure improved, suggesting this may be a valid technique for managing these cases. TPSA was performed, with three stents placed in the right ventricular outflow tract owing to severe outflow tract obstruction. Immediate postoperative complications included prolonged recovery, regurgitation and hypoxaemia. The dog presented 3 days later with haemorrhagic regurgitation and melaena and again 18 days post-procedure with acute dyspnoea, suspected to be due to pulmonary thromboembolism, and was euthanized due to poor prognosis. Management of dogs with right-to-left anatomical shunts is extremely complex and the high risk of thromboembolism secondary to polycythaemia should not be underestimated. Perioperative acute normovolaemic haemodilution may be used to improve haemodynamics and oxygen delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 5","pages":"Pages 687-690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged pharmacokinetic simulator-assisted propofol total intravenous infusion in a cat undergoing thoracic duct ligation","authors":"Enzo Vettorato,&nbsp;Amanda L. James,&nbsp;Ludovica Chiavaccini,&nbsp;Diego A. Portela","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>This case report describes the use of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and dexmedetomidine for 5 hours in a cat undergoing thoracic duct ligation revision surgery for persistent </span>chylothorax. Following intravenous (IV) premedication with methadone (0.2 mg kg</span>^–1), general anesthesia was induced with IV propofol (2 mg kg^–1) and ketamine (2 mg kg^–1). For maintenance of anesthesia, dexmedetomidine was given as constant rate infusion (1 μg kg^–1 hour^–1<span>), while a free web-based application was used to predict propofol plasma concentration (PPC) in real-time. Ultrasound-guided left erector spinae plane blocks were performed preoperatively at thoracic vertebrae 11 and 13, injecting bupivacaine (1.5 mg kg</span>^–1 site^–1) and dexmedetomidine (1.7 μg kg^–1 site^–1). Propofol infusion rates were manually reduced at anesthetist discretion to achieve reductions in predicted PPC of 0.5–1 μg mL^–1 if no response to surgery was observed. During anesthesia (from tracheal intubation to propofol discontinuation), the propofol infusion rate ranged from 0.066 to 0.2 mg kg^–1 minute^–1, and the mean predicted PPC recorded during anesthesia was 4.23 ± 0.68 μg mL^–1<span> (mean ± standard deviation). Intraoperatively, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and end-expiratory partial pressure of carbon dioxide were 128 ± 7 beats minute</span>^–1, 76 ± 10 mmHg, and 34 ± 5 mmHg (4.53 ± 0.67 kPa), respectively. No additional intraoperative analgesics were given. Recovery from general anesthesia was uneventful and the trachea was extubated 10 minutes after discontinuing dexmedetomidine and propofol (predicted PPC 2.3 μg mL^–1<span>). The real-time PPC predictions enabled precise propofol titration, ensuring hemodynamic stability while minimizing drug accumulation and promoting rapid recovery.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 5","pages":"Pages 691-695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical plexus block as adjunctive analgesia in ventral slot surgery in two dogs","authors":"Teresa Mangas-Ballester ,&nbsp;Rocío Fernández-Parra ,&nbsp;Jaime Viscasillas ,&nbsp;Ariel Cañón-Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 5","pages":"Pages 696-697"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid-free anesthesia: getting to the heart of the matter.","authors":"Peter Pascoe","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of a checklist reduces errors in equipment set-up by veterinary student anesthetists","authors":"Lydia Love ,&nbsp;Lynelle Graham ,&nbsp;Kim Love","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the relative frequency of set-up errors documented before and after the introduction of an anesthesia equipment checklist in two successive veterinary classes.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Pre- and post-intervention observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In study year 1, our typical educational practices for training third year veterinary students in anesthesia equipment set-up and testing were followed (participant rate 96/96). In study year 2, a new third year class of students was introduced to and trained on the use of an anesthesia equipment checklist (participant rate 94/98). Data on errors in equipment set-up were recorded prospectively on a standardized collection sheet in a de-identified manner. Negative binomial regression models compared the overall count of errors per laboratory session and per possible error. Binary logistic regression models investigated the probability of each specific error occurring before and after introduction of the equipment checklist, as each specific error type could occur only once per equipment set-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Checklist availability was the only variable with a significant effect on error. The relative number of errors per laboratory session was 88% less in the year after introduction of the checklist than the year prior, decreasing from an average of 0.066 errors per possible error (111 errors with 1691 opportunities for error) to 0.008 per possible error (15 errors with 1947 opportunities for error). The odds of making an airway supplies error from study year 1 to year 2 was reduced by 97.2%, decreasing from an occurrence in 16.2% of equipment set-ups to 0.8% of equipment set-ups. The odds of failure to open the adjustable pressure limiting valve decreased by 75.7%, from an occurrence in 5.9% of equipment set-ups to 1.5% of equipment set-ups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Exposure to an anesthesia equipment checklist decreased but did not eliminate equipment set-up errors by student anesthetists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 5","pages":"Pages 571-578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve staining with methylene blue or blue tissue marker","authors":"Douglas Castro,&nbsp;Latchmi H.K. Baba,&nbsp;Susan M. Elrod,&nbsp;Jacob A. Johnson,&nbsp;Stuart C. Clark-Price,&nbsp;Erik H. Hofmeister","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the use of methylene blue and blue tissue marker in achieving sciatic nerve staining in cadaveric rats after perineural or intramuscular injection.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Experimental, randomized, blinded, crossover cadaveric study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>A group of 16 fresh-frozen adult Wistar rat cadavers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Phase I: ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve injections were performed using either methylene blue (Group Methb, <em>n</em> = 8) or a blue tissue marker (Group Tmarker, <em>n</em> = 8). Phase II: ultrasound-guided <em>biceps femoris</em> intramuscular injections were performed with the same dyes (Group Methb IM, <em>n</em> = 8; Group Tmarker IM, <em>n</em> = 8). Volume of each injection was 0.1 mL, followed by a 5 minute interval before anatomical dissection. Positive staining was measured along the sciatic nerve in millimeters. Data analysis included <em>t</em> tests for parametric data and Wilcoxon and Fisher’s exact tests for nonparametric data, with significance set at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Phase I: both solutions consistently stained the sciatic nerve in all pelvic limbs. However, the length of staining was significantly greater in Group Methb (18 ± 1.9 mm) than in Group Tmarker (4.7 ± 1.3 mm) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Phase II: sciatic nerve staining was observed in the Group Methb IM (7/7, 100%), with a median spread of 12 mm (interquartile range 11–12 mm), whereas no staining was detected in the Group Tmarker IM (0/8) (<em>p</em> = 0.015).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>and clinical relevance Methylene blue achieved greater staining along the sciatic nerve than blue tissue marker. Furthermore, methylene blue diffused through the <em>biceps femoris</em>, effectively staining the sciatic nerve and surrounding tissues. This difference highlights the potential for overestimation in studies that use methylene blue and underscores the importance of selecting appropriate dye solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 4","pages":"Pages 480-487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey study on the use of veterinary acupuncture in the UK and Europe","authors":"Ming LE. Lai ,&nbsp;Hanna Machin ,&nbsp;Chiara Adami","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the current use and attitude towards veterinary acupuncture among veterinarians in the UK and Europe.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A prospective cross-sectional online survey study.</div></div><div><h3>Study population</h3><div>General practitioners, advanced practitioners and board-certified specialists across the UK and Europe practicing veterinary acupuncture.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A link to an electronic survey was distributed via personal email invitations and through both veterinary acupuncture associations mail lists/websites and social media. Both the study and the questionnaire were designed following the CHERRIES guidelines; the questionnaire comprised 22 questions covering different aspects of veterinary acupuncture including approaches, techniques, indications, treatment protocols and perceptions on efficacy and safety. Descriptive statistics, analysis of proportions and Cochrane alpha statistics were used for data analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Entries from 104 participants were included in the study. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) was the most practised acupuncture approach (37%), followed by Western acupuncture (31%) and integrative acupuncture, defined as a combination of both (30%). Most acupuncturists reportedly preferred manual acupuncture and case-specific treatment protocols. Overall, acupuncture was primarily used as a complementary therapy for managing chronic pain, mostly in dogs and cats. The proportion of participants using acupuncture for treating gastrointestinal, respiratory and allergic conditions was higher among veterinarians practicing TCM than in those using the Western approach (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The side effect perceived as most likely to occur was lethargy/sedation, followed by pain on needle insertion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that the practice of veterinary acupuncture in the UK and Europe varies based on preferred approach and patient factors. Its use as complementary therapy for treatment of chronic pain seems to be common across different countries, acupuncture styles and qualifications of the participants. This variability may be the result of a lack of consensus about the standard of practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 5","pages":"Pages 604-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the anaesthesia rotation on preparedness for practice: a survey of final year veterinary students","authors":"Adam Shuttleworth ,&nbsp;Cristina Bianchi ,&nbsp;Paolo Monticelli ,&nbsp;Chiara Adami","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the experience of undergraduate veterinary students on anaesthesia rotation and better understand the impact this has on preparedness for first-opinion practice.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A cross-sectional anonymous online survey.</div></div><div><h3>Population</h3><div>An estimated total of 260 final year veterinary medicine students attending the University of Cambridge, Royal Veterinary College and University of Bristol.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A three-part online questionnaire was made available to 260 students beginning with respondent demographics. Second, factors relating to experience on rotation were assessed, including environment, feedback, motivation, aims and objectives, and autonomy, to which students indicated their response via Likert scales with six possible responses. Finally, respondents indicated how prepared they felt to perform 15 anaesthesia-related tasks, culminating in preparedness to anaesthetize a small animal patient in first-opinion practice. Descriptive statistics and analysis of proportions were used for data analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The survey achieved an estimated response rate of 36% and a completion rate of 89% and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.91. Most respondents felt prepared to perform the tasks posed, with canine intubation and selection of monitoring equipment receiving the highest weighted means, 2.88 and 2.85 respectively (range 0–3). Reacting to adverse events and feline intubation received lower weighted averages, 1.96 and 2.39, respectively. Significant relationships were identified between opportunity to develop practical skills and confidence to perform intravenous cannulation (<em>p</em> = 0.008), canine intubation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and extubation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Feeling able to ask for help (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and receiving relevant (<em>p</em> = 0.006) or useful (<em>p</em> = 0.033) feedback were significantly related to feeling very prepared for first-opinion practice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Potential methods of enhancing preparedness for practice include adequately supporting students and providing them with relevant and useful feedback. Efforts should be made to prepare students for adverse events and intubating feline patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":"52 5","pages":"Pages 539-549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the role of the veterinary anesthesiologist/anaesthetist today?","authors":"Olivia d'Anselme, Peter Kronen, Miguel Martinez, Enzo Minghella","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty years of equine anaesthesia - are we getting better at it?","authors":"Polly M Taylor, Miguel Gozalo-Marcilla, Regula Bettschart-Wolfensberger, José I Redondo, G Mark Johnston","doi":"10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaa.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present the essence of the presentation 'CEPEF - what we knew then and what we know now' given at the autumn meeting of the Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists in 2024, celebrating its 60th anniversary.</p><p><strong>Databases used: </strong>(this is not a formal systematic review). PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and the 4th Confidential Enquiry into Equine Perioperative Fatalities (CEPEF4). Search terms used: horse; pony; equine; anaesthesia; anesthesia; recovery; morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is well recognized that general anaesthesia carries a greater risk of mortality in horses than in other domestic species and humans. The history of equine anaesthesia, whose beginnings were not far removed from those of human anaesthesia, is traced from its start in the 19th century. The extent of the risk of equine anaesthesia-related mortality was first formally documented in the 1980s. Subsequent studies have evaluated developments including new drugs and methods of their administration, enhanced monitoring and a range of handling procedures. These changes appear to be associated with a decrease in the mortality risk in healthy horses from around 1% in 2002 to 0.6% in 2025. However, the risk of mortality is still serious, and the results of CEPEF4 outline potential areas for improvement and for further research via the proposed CEPEF5.</p>","PeriodicalId":23626,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145008453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}