Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy最新文献_第7页

INFLUENCE OF OIL POLLUTION ON ACTIVITY OF SOIL ENZYMES OF OXIDOREDUCTASE AND HYDROLASE CLASSES 石油污染对土壤氧化还原酶和水解酶活性的影响

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-3-83-88

S. N. Sergatenko, I. L. Fedorova, T. Ignatova

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF OIL POLLUTION ON ACTIVITY OF SOIL ENZYMES OF OXIDOREDUCTASE AND HYDROLASE CLASSES","authors":"S. N. Sergatenko, I. L. Fedorova, T. Ignatova","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-3-83-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-3-83-88","url":null,"abstract":"Soil enzymatic activity is the most important biochemical parameter of soil fertility and it is determined by chemical composition, species and quantitative diversity of soil microbiota and plants, and the set and degree of activity of soil enzymes. The article shows the dynamics of enzymatic activity of the soil contaminated with oil from Vishenskoyedeposit in Melekesskiy district of Ulyanovsk region before and after spring wheatcultivation, as well as using biohumus, zeolite and diatomite sorbents. To assess the biological state of the soil contaminated with oil products, the activity of the main enzymes of the soil pool of the class of oxidoreductases (polyphenol oxidase), peroxidase, catalase) and the class of hydrolases (phosphatase, invertase) was determined. As a result of the studies, it was found that oil pollution reduces activity of oxidoreductase and part of hydrolytic enzymes. The inhibitiondegree correlates with oilconcentration in the soil. A direct dependence of inhibitiondegree of polyphenol oxidase, catalase, phosphatase and invertase on oil concentration was found. It was found that introduction of diatomite increased the activity of peroxidase and invertase, zeolite and biohumus - phosphatase. To assess the state of soil fertility, humus accumulation coefficient (humification coefficient) is used, which is defined as the ratio of polyphenol oxidase activity to peroxidase activity. This coefficient allowsto assess the tendencies of humus formation processes: humification or mineralization. It was determined that the introduction of low doses of oil (2-3%) increases humification coefficient, and high concentrations (8%) reduce it. To diagnose the state of oil-contaminated soils, it is recommended to determine the activity of basic enzymes: polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase, catalase, phosphatase, and invertase.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81879287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

USAGE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN BARLEY CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF KAMASHEVSKIY VARIETY ON LEACHED BLACK SOIL IN THE CONDITIONS OF ULYANOVSK REGION 乌里扬诺夫斯克地区浸出黑土条件下卡马舍夫大麦栽培技术中矿质肥料的使用

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-3-64-69

N. Zakharov, N. Khairtdinova

{"title":"USAGE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN BARLEY CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF KAMASHEVSKIY VARIETY ON LEACHED BLACK SOIL IN THE CONDITIONS OF ULYANOVSK REGION","authors":"N. Zakharov, N. Khairtdinova","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-3-64-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-3-64-69","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted on the effect of increasing doses (0, 20, 40, 60 kg of application rate /ha) of mineral fertilizers on yield and grain quality of Kamashevskiyspring barley variety. The study was carried outin a long-term stationary plot of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin in a five-field grain fallow crop rotation according to the following scheme: green manure fallow - winter wheat - spring wheat - soybean - barley in 2018-2021. In case of increase of mineral fertilizer doses, the yield increased by 15.5-21.6% compared to the variant without fertilization. It was established that the maximum barley yield was 3.84 t/ha on average for 4 years, it was obtained when mineral fertilizer was applied at a dose of 60 kg of a.r. / ha, whereas the yield of the control variant was 3.01 t/ha. Studies revealed that application of mineral fertilizer for spring barley led to a significant increase of proteincumulation. The maximum was noted when azophoska was used at a dose of 60 kg/ha of a.r. in all years of research (243–611 kg/ha). The removal of nutrients with barley grain was calculated. As for N60P60K60 variant, the removal was: nitrogen - 707 kg/ha, phosphorus - 369, potassium - 238 kg/ha. The article shows the influence of meteorological conditions on barley yield. The regression equations for dependence of protein content on various doses of mineral fertilizer and moisture supply, which were formed during research years in the heading-full ripeness period, were calculated. According to the regression equations, the protein content in barley grain was determined by 57% by the level of mineral nutrition and by 6% by the hydrothermal conditions of the year.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90044712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FIBRE FLAX YIELD AND QUALITY DEPENDING ON INCREASED DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS 纤维亚麻的产量和质量取决于矿物肥料用量的增加

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-52-59

A. Gavrilova, A. Konova

{"title":"FIBRE FLAX YIELD AND QUALITY DEPENDING ON INCREASED DOSES OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS","authors":"A. Gavrilova, A. Konova","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-52-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-52-59","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents results of a three-year study (from 2019 to 2021) on evaluation of application of various doses of complete mineral fertilizer on fiber flax. The soil of the experimental plot is soddy-podzolic, medium loamy, with a low content of humus, with slightly acidic reaction of the soil medium, a high content of phosphorus and an average content of potassium. The object of the study was a new promising fiber flax variety Phoenix of Smolensk breeding. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of various doses and combinations of mineral fertilizers on yield and quality of seeds and fiber of a new variety of fiber flax. It was established that application of mineral fertilizers for fiber flax significantly increased the yield of seeds (by 80%) and flax straw (by 76%). Maximum yield was observed on variants 333 and 444 (48 - 64 kg a.r./ha of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). The crop structure and the quality parametres of the obtained products improved under the influence of mineral fertilizers. In particular, a tendency of increase of plant height and the weight of 1000 seeds by 15% in relation to the control up to appropriate variant (N64P64K64 inclusive) was revealed. The number of capsules formed on the plant directly depended on the dose of mineral fertilizer and was maximum when nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were applied at 112 kg a.r./ha and amounted to 78% compared to the variant without fertilizer. The yield of long flax fiber increased by 112.5% and its yield by 28% in case of increase of the dose of mineral fertilizers (from 90 kg a.r./ha). When using medium and high doses of mineral fertilizers, the fiber had high strength values up to 32.3 kg/s, but its flexibility decreased.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72709891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXTERIOR ASSESSMENT OF SERVICING BULLS OF SIMMENTAL BREED AND THEIR OFFERINGS 西门塔尔品种服务公牛及其供品的外部评价

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-154-158

P. Katmakov, E. Anisimova, A. V. Bushov

{"title":"EXTERIOR ASSESSMENT OF SERVICING BULLS OF SIMMENTAL BREED AND THEIR OFFERINGS","authors":"P. Katmakov, E. Anisimova, A. V. Bushov","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-154-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-154-158","url":null,"abstract":"The studies were carried out in the breeding herd of purebred Simmental cattle of SPK Abodimovskiy of Saratov region, which is characterized by stable parametres of milk productivity. Methods generally accepted in zootechnics were used for the research. Exterior and constitution of the animals were assessed visually, as well as by taking main body measurements and calculating body build indexes. The paper presents results of assessment of purebred Simmental servicing bulls of milk-meat type, belonging to Florian 374 line, by exterior and constitution of the offspring. The estimated bulls have a conformation score of 91 and 94 points. Comparison of bulls by exterior measurements taken at the age of 18 months shows that Coral 4067 bull is significantly superior to Record 306 bull in terms of depth, width, circumference of chest (by 12.8; 9.6; 6.3%), as well as pelvic-thoracic and blockiness indexes (by 5.6 and 6.3%). In order to determine the nature of bulls’ transmission of their conformation features (body shape) to descendants and compare them with each other in terms of conformation and constitution, body measures of the descendants of the evaluated bulls (castrated bulls and heifers) at 6, 12 and 18 months of age were taken and body indexes were calculated. It was established that the offsprings (castrated bulls and heifers) of Coral 4067 bull differ from the offsprings of Record 306 bull in larger exterior measurements and especially in wide, deep and voluminous chest, i.e. they have a declination towards Eirison type, like their father. Castrated bulls - the descendants of Coral 4067 bull at the age of 18 months had superiority over the descendants of Record 306 bull in terms of width, depth and girth of the chest by 4.33; 2.51 and 3.25%, and heifers, respectively, by 2.30; 1.78 and 2.17%. According to the indexes of blockiness, chest index and massiveness, their superiority was 3.5; 1.2; 10.8% and 2.1; 1.2 and 6.5%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78694577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ANALYSIS OF FRACTION EFFICIENCY OF GALLERIA MELLONELLA L. WASTE PRODUCTS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL STRESS 实验胁迫下粗粉蚧废弃物分馏效率分析

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-114-119

A. S. Osokina, A. Gushchin, E. A. Mikheeva

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF FRACTION EFFICIENCY OF GALLERIA MELLONELLA L. WASTE PRODUCTS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL STRESS","authors":"A. S. Osokina, A. Gushchin, E. A. Mikheeva","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-114-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-114-119","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to study the stress level in terms of parametres of peripheral blood and histology of the internal organs of mice when using various fractions of the extract based on waste products of Galleria mellonella L. For the experiment, three groups of laboratory mice were formed according to the principle of analogue pairs (n=5). An extract of the light fraction of waste products and a 40% alcohol solution (control) were administered transdermally through the skin of the tail of mice every other day for 30 days at a dose of 5 μl. Method of experimental modeling of general hyperthermia was chosen for the experiment. Statistically significant differences in leukocyte formula indexes of mice in the experimental group of light fraction of waste products of G. mellonella larvae were found compared with the control. The sum of young and rod-shaped neutrophils in the control group is greater than the same parametre in the experimental group, which indicates stimulation of neutrophil production in the control group of mice, this is usually associated with pathological processes in the body. The obtained data show reactivity and mobilization of body defenses of mice under the influence of a light fraction of the waste products of G. mellonella larvae, and therefore, stress resistance increases. A decrease of fascicular zone occurs in case of transdermal administration of light fraction solution, which can lead to a decrease of secretion of glucocorticoids. The obtained results are the basis for further laboratory and theoretical studies of the light fraction as an adaptogenic agent in animal husbandry in order to improve productive qualities of animals.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84450815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TO SPECIFICATION OF THE FORCE OF A VIBRATORY ROLLER ON THE SOIL 说明振动压路机对土壤的作用力

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-13-17

V. Kurdyumov, V. E. Proshkin, E. Proshkin, V. V. Dikov

{"title":"TO SPECIFICATION OF THE FORCE OF A VIBRATORY ROLLER ON THE SOIL","authors":"V. Kurdyumov, V. E. Proshkin, E. Proshkin, V. V. Dikov","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-13-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-13-17","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the analysis of tillage rollers, it was revealed that the main design feature is to ensure the required specific pressure on the soil, consequently, it is necessary to increase the roller mass per 1 m of the working width, whereas it leads to metal consumption increase of the tool. Based on the obtained data, we developed a fundamentally new design of the vibratory roller, its application will ensure the fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements for soil density with a minimum metal consumption of 70 kg/m. High-quality tillage with a vibratory roller is ensured by a passive drive of unbalancers installed on the axis of a hollow cylinder. To determine the center of mass of the unbalancers, the KOMPAS 3D v 20 program was used, which allows to obtain the desired result with an accuracy of 0.000001 mm. It was revealed in the course of the theoretical study that the unbalancers create vibrations with an amplitude of 0.00008 ... 0.0011 m at a rotation frequency of 800 min-1 due to their displacement in relation to the axis of the vibratory roller. Also, it was revealed that when the unbalancers are displaced in relation to the roller axis, the position of their center of gravity changes by approximately the same value. Concurrently, the specific pressure of the vibratory roller on the soil changes from 732.81 N/m to 1275.28 N/m, increasing by 74% in case of displacement of the unbalancers in relation to the axis of the vibratory roller up to the maximum value of a = 20 mm. Field studies of the proposed roller showed that the quality of soil compaction by the proposed vibratory roller with improved parameters and modes of operation is better than that of the most common rollers, namely, ZKVG-1.4 and ZKKSH-6.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79779996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LOCAL NON-TRADITIONAL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURAL WASTE AS SOURCES OF NUTRITION ELEMENTS OF PLANTS 当地非传统资源和农业废弃物作为植物营养元素的来源

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-60-66

A. Kulikova, E. Yashin, E. Volkova

{"title":"LOCAL NON-TRADITIONAL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURAL WASTE AS SOURCES OF NUTRITION ELEMENTS OF PLANTS","authors":"A. Kulikova, E. Yashin, E. Volkova","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-60-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-60-66","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is a search for local cheap sources of biophilic plant nutritional elements and a possibility of production of organomineral fertilizers based on them, which are agronomically effective, environmentally safe and economically feasible. To achieve this goal, field experiments were carried out on the basis of the experimental field of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin and SPK Kolkhoz named after Kalinin, Veshkaimsky district, Ulyanovsk region. The effectiveness of diatomite from Inza deposit and zeolite from the Maina deposit of Ulyanovsk region were studied in field experiments as fertilizers for vegetable crops and millet in pure form, as well as in combination with poultry manure. All experiments were conducted with strict compliance with methodological requirements; analyzes of soil and plant samples were carried out in accordance with relevant state standards. It was found that, high-siliceous rocks such as diatomite and zeolite are of great interest in Ulyanovsk region as sources of plant nutrients, and poultry manure is important agricultural waste. Studies showed that diatomite and zeolite significantly improve soil nutritional regime. Thus, introduction of diatomite into the soil as a fertilizer of millet at a dose of 3 t/ha led to an increase of mineral nitrogen in the arable layer of leached black soil by 1.9 mg/kg, available phosphorus by 7 mg, and potassium by 12 mg/kg of soil. Improvement of soil nutritional regime with introduction of siliceous rocks influenced millet yield: in case of diatomite application at a dose of 3 t/ha, the yield increase was 0.82 t/ha; zeolite at a dose of 0.5 t/ha - 0.33 t/ha ( 13 %). The effectiveness of siliceous rocks increased significantly when combined with poultry manure. Yield of cucumbers increased by 6.8 t/ha, tomatoes by 0.4 t/ha, carrots by 4.9 t/ha, table beetroot by 8.1 t/ha in case of diatomite application in combination with poultry manure compared to variant of its application in pure form.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89457814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

INCREASE OF SELECTION EFFICIENCY OF FLAX INITIAL MATERIAL IN PRIMARY SEED PRODUCTION 提高亚麻初级制种原料的选择效率

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-80-86

V. P. Ponazhev

{"title":"INCREASE OF SELECTION EFFICIENCY OF FLAX INITIAL MATERIAL IN PRIMARY SEED PRODUCTION","authors":"V. P. Ponazhev","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-80-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-80-86","url":null,"abstract":"The studies were carried out on the basis of the laboratory of breeding technologies of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \"Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops\" (Tver region) in 2019-2021. The purpose of the research is to study selection effectiveness of fiber flax plants for a new trait - height at various seeding amounts in the selection nursery. It was established that initial testing with subsequent removal of plants that were not included in the interval of typical height (± 10% of the average value) allowed to ensure a higher uniformity of typical plants in terms of fiber content compared to the control in the stalk, when sowing 200 viable seeds per meter of row in the selection nursery, the highest yield of renewed seed material (91.8 g/m²), it also allowed to reduce labor costs. Studies showed that selection of fiber flax plants by height provided an increase of seeding energy in case of sowing of 150 and 200 viable seeds by 14-15%, seed strength by 20.8-27.3%, and 1 cm of seed germination by 7.0 - 21.4% compared with the control variant. However, the studied methods of plant selection did not affect mass formation of 1000 seeds. According to soil control data, when testing plants for a new trait, their high uniformity was achieved in terms of the main varietal trait - fiber content in the stem, which was characterized by variation coefficient at a level of 3.0-3.5% with 3.0-3.1% in control. A good evenness of plants was also revealed by another varietal trait - height. Variation coefficient for this trait was 4.3-5.5%. The effectiveness of selection method of fiber flax plants by a new trait-height is confirmed by the results of its verification. When checking the method, the cost reduction for work performance on selection and testing of plants by height amounted to 27% compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86119669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IMMUNOLOGICAL STATUS OF BLOOD AND MILK OF COWS AFTER APPLICATION OF PROBIOTICS 应用益生菌后奶牛血液和乳汁的免疫状况

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-135-140

A. Trebukhov, S. Utts

{"title":"IMMUNOLOGICAL STATUS OF BLOOD AND MILK OF COWS AFTER APPLICATION OF PROBIOTICS","authors":"A. Trebukhov, S. Utts","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-135-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-135-140","url":null,"abstract":"Among the main tasks of cattle breeding is creation of conditions for obtaining healthy young animals, which will ensure high level of productivity in the future. Nowadays, interest in probiotic products is growing in countries around the world. Probiotics help to reduce diseases of livestock, improve digestion, metabolism, increase animal productivity, and maintain the immunological status. Vetom series probiotics are widely used in this industry. These products have an extensive range of actions, one of which is correction of immunobiochemical status. The aim of our study was to study the effect of Vetom 1.2 probiotics on immunological status of blood and milk. Scientific and economic experiment was carried out at AO \"Uchkhoz\" Prigorodnoe \", Barnaul, on black-and-white cows in the autumn-winter period. The manufacturer of \"Vetom 1.2\" probiotic preparation is OOO NPF \"Research Center\", Novosibirsk Region, Koltsovo v. When analyzing the results of the studies, we found: 1. Increase of parameters during the study period: carotene by 27.4%, retinol and tocopherol by 26.5% and 16.2%, respectively, gamma globulin by 15.8%, albumin by 10 .6%. 2. Increase of immunoglobulins in blood serum of cows in the experimental group compared to the control group: albumin by 14.4%; alpha, beta, gamma globulin by 16.3%, 13.7%, 17.8%, respectively. 3. It was found that the level of immunoglobulins in colostrum was higher by 31.4% in the experimental group of cows on the first day of lactation, on the second day by 14.1% compared to the control group. Based on the obtained results, the following conclusions were made: 1. \"Vetom 1.2\" has a positive effect on dynamics of immunological status of cow blood. 2. The probiotics helps to increase the level of immunoglobulins in the colostrum of cows.","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"325 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76361982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

INFLUENCE OF MAIN ELEMENTS OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY ON WEED INFESTATION OF CROPS AND SPRING WHEAT YIELD 栽培技术主要要素对作物杂草侵害及春小麦产量的影响

Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy Pub Date : 2022-06-25 DOI: 10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-44-51

A. Shpanev, P. Lekomtsev, V. V. Voropaev

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF MAIN ELEMENTS OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY ON WEED INFESTATION OF CROPS AND SPRING WHEAT YIELD","authors":"A. Shpanev, P. Lekomtsev, V. V. Voropaev","doi":"10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-44-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18286/1816-4501-2022-2-44-51","url":null,"abstract":"A distinctive feature of the North-West region is sufficient, and in some years, excessive moisture supply, under which weeds form a significant vegetative mass and cause great harm to cultivated crops, including spring wheat. The aim of the research was to assess the effect of seeding amount, seed size, nitrogen nutrition and herbicide treatment on weed infestation of crops and spring wheat yield in the North-West region of the Russian Federation. According to the research results, it was revealed that introduction of medium (by 0.8-13.6%) and high (by 1.5-14.1%) doses of nitrogen fertilizers leads to significant increase of initial weed infestation of spring wheat, while seeding amount and seed size did not have a significant impact on the number and cover of weeds. Among all the factors studied in the experiment, herbicide treatment had the strongest positive effect on formation of spring wheat crop (by 1.5–4.5 times), but only in the conditions of strong and complex types of weed infestation. Application of average dose of nitrogen led to a significant increase of spring wheat yield throughout the research years (by 19.3-82.8%), whereas effectiveness of high dose directly depended on moisture conditions of initial stage of vegetative period. Seeding amount and especially fractional composition of the seed material had a slight effect on yield and main elements of the structure of spring wheat crop. Interaction of such factors as application of nitrogen fertilizers and herbicide treatment contributed to significant increase of spring wheat yield (by 23.4-183%). The highest grain yield of spring wheat throughout all research years was obtained on seed plots with a seeding amount of 6 million viable seeds/ha, application of a high dose of nitrogen fertilizers and herbicide application (51.1; 29.7 and 40.9 q/ha).","PeriodicalId":23563,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Ulyanovsk state agricultural academy","volume":"36 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72873590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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