LOCAL NON-TRADITIONAL RESOURCES AND AGRICULTURAL WASTE AS SOURCES OF NUTRITION ELEMENTS OF PLANTS

Abstract

The purpose of the study is a search for local cheap sources of biophilic plant nutritional elements and a possibility of production of organomineral fertilizers based on them, which are agronomically effective, environmentally safe and economically feasible. To achieve this goal, field experiments were carried out on the basis of the experimental field of Ulyanovsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin and SPK Kolkhoz named after Kalinin, Veshkaimsky district, Ulyanovsk region. The effectiveness of diatomite from Inza deposit and zeolite from the Maina deposit of Ulyanovsk region were studied in field experiments as fertilizers for vegetable crops and millet in pure form, as well as in combination with poultry manure. All experiments were conducted with strict compliance with methodological requirements; analyzes of soil and plant samples were carried out in accordance with relevant state standards. It was found that, high-siliceous rocks such as diatomite and zeolite are of great interest in Ulyanovsk region as sources of plant nutrients, and poultry manure is important agricultural waste. Studies showed that diatomite and zeolite significantly improve soil nutritional regime. Thus, introduction of diatomite into the soil as a fertilizer of millet at a dose of 3 t/ha led to an increase of mineral nitrogen in the arable layer of leached black soil by 1.9 mg/kg, available phosphorus by 7 mg, and potassium by 12 mg/kg of soil. Improvement of soil nutritional regime with introduction of siliceous rocks influenced millet yield: in case of diatomite application at a dose of 3 t/ha, the yield increase was 0.82 t/ha; zeolite at a dose of 0.5 t/ha - 0.33 t/ha ( 13 %). The effectiveness of siliceous rocks increased significantly when combined with poultry manure. Yield of cucumbers increased by 6.8 t/ha, tomatoes by 0.4 t/ha, carrots by 4.9 t/ha, table beetroot by 8.1 t/ha in case of diatomite application in combination with poultry manure compared to variant of its application in pure form.