Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of real-time PCR test in oral fluid samples for screening the serotypes of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae circulating in swine herds","authors":"José Luis Arnal ,&nbsp;Ana Belén Fernández ,&nbsp;Sonia Lacotoure ,&nbsp;Alfredo Ángel Benito ,&nbsp;Sofía Lazaro-Gaspar ,&nbsp;Marcelo Gottschalk","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</em> is the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, causing remarkable economic losses in the global swine industry. The diversity of <em>A. pleuropneumoniae</em> is generally determined through serotype identification, which is commonly employed for control strategies and surveillance. However, serological methods currently in use still have significant limitations. This study explores the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to detect circulating serotypes of <em>A. pleuropneumoniae</em> in non-diseased swine herds through testing of oral fluids.</div><div>The study included three <em>A. pleuropneumoniae-</em>positive and three <em>A. pleuropneumoniae-</em>negative farms located in Quebec, Canada. Tonsil brushings, microbiological growths, and oral fluids were analyzed using qPCR to detect <em>A. pleuropneumoniae</em> and its distinct serotypes. Serological tests were performed using the LPS ELISA available at that time. In negative farms the absence of <em>A. pleuropneumoniae</em> and any serotype confirmed the specificity of the method. Positive farms, on the other hand, confirmed also the sensitivity of the analysis, with oral fluid samples consistently yielding positive results for the serotypes identified by ELISA.</div><div>The qPCR test conducted on oral fluids offers a noninvasive and cost-effective method for monitoring, complementing traditional serological techniques. It provides qualitative information about serotype distribution, facilitating proactive surveillance and control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Streptococcus suis strains with novel and previously undescribed capsular loci circulate in Europe","authors":"Natálie Králová ,&nbsp;Nahuel Fittipaldi ,&nbsp;Monika Zouharová ,&nbsp;Kateřina Nedbalcová ,&nbsp;Katarína Matiašková ,&nbsp;Jan Gebauer ,&nbsp;Pavel Kulich ,&nbsp;Bronislav Šimek ,&nbsp;Ján Matiašovic","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Streptococcus suis</em> (<em>S. suis</em>) causes serious diseases in pigs, and certain serotypes also pose a risk to humans. The expression of capsular polysaccharides (CPS) is considered an important virulence property of the pathogen. Recently, some serotypes have been reclassified as other organisms, while novel <em>S. suis</em> serotypes are being described. Although the CPS can be typed by serological methods using antisera, the presence of unique sequences for each capsular polysaccharide synthesis locus (<em>cps</em> locus) enables convenient PCR-based serotyping. In this study, we characterized 33 non-serotypeable <em>S. suis</em> strains obtained from diseased pigs in the Czech Republic by sequencing and analyzing the <em>cps</em> locus. Phylogenetic analysis of <em>cpn60</em> confirmed that all isolates belong to the <em>S. suis</em> species. Four isolates had <em>cps</em> loci similar to the previously described reference <em>S. suis</em> serotypes. Eleven isolates were classified as recently described novel <em>cps</em> loci (NCLs). Nine isolates had substitutions, insertions and/or deletions in their <em>cps</em> loci and showed only partial similarity to the already described NCLs. Another eight isolates had previously undescribed <em>cps</em> locus structures and were proposed as novel NCLs. One isolate had lost the genes encoding capsule biosynthesis. Only four sequence types (ST) had two isolates each; the rest had unique STs. Two isolates harbored the classical virulence associated genes (VAGs) <em>mrp</em> and <em>sly.</em> Another isolate had only the <em>mrp</em> gene, while a different isolate harbored only the <em>sly</em> gene. This study provides insight into untypeable isolates in the Czech Republic, highlighting the genetic diversity and potential for novel serotype identification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome characterization of a novel fowl adenovirus serotype 8b isolate and construction of the reverse genetic system for rapid genome manipulation","authors":"Qilong Qiao ,&nbsp;Panpan Yang ,&nbsp;Junjie Liu ,&nbsp;Minghe Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Xingyu Li ,&nbsp;Mengjia Xiang ,&nbsp;Yutao Zhu ,&nbsp;Luyao Qiu ,&nbsp;Chenghao Han ,&nbsp;Dexin Bu ,&nbsp;Boshun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanfang Cong ,&nbsp;Zeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yongtao Li ,&nbsp;Baiyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) induced by fowl adenovirus serotype 8b (FAdV-8b) infection is an important avian infectious disease circulating around the globe, posing significant losses to the poultry industry. In this study, a FAdV-8b strain, CH/SDQD/2021, was isolated from IBH-affected chickens in Shandong province, China and the genetic properties of CH/SDQD/2021 were characterized. The full genome length of CH/SDQD/2021 is 44,000 bp, with a G+C content of 58 % and 32 open reading frames (ORF). Sequencing alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the genome identity of CH/SDQD/2021 compared to 30 other FAdV-E strains retrieved from GenBank ranges from 89.72 % to 96.71 %. Animal regression test indicated that CH/SDQD/2021 infection induced IBH in one-week-old SPF chickens. Subsequently, a reverse genetic system was developed to facilitate rapid genome manipulation of FAdV-8b for gene function study and vaccine development. To explore potential foreign gene insertion sites in FAdV-8b, ORF0–1–2, ORF11 and ORF19 of CH/SDQD/2021 were substituted by the green fluorescent gene ZsGreen, respectively, and the corresponding recombinant viruses were successfully rescued. The results showed that comparing with the parental FAdV-8b, the replication efficiency of the ORF0–1–2-substituted recombinant was reduced, while the replication efficiency of the ORF11-substituted recombinant was promoted. The findings of this study enrich the epidemiological data for the prevalent FAdV strains in China. Furthermore, the establishment of the FAdV-8b reverse genetic system will provide an efficient technique platform for FAdV-8b gene function research at the whole virus level and developing related multivalent vaccine candidates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thioredoxin C of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 contributes to virulence by inducing antioxidative stress and inhibiting autophagy via the MSR1/PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in macrophages","authors":"Chunxiao Ji ,&nbsp;Yanying Pan ,&nbsp;Bocheng Liu ,&nbsp;Jianying Liu ,&nbsp;Chijun Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhuyuan Nie ,&nbsp;Simeng Liao ,&nbsp;Guangwei Kuang ,&nbsp;Xin Wu ,&nbsp;Quan Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Ning ,&nbsp;Yulong Tang ,&nbsp;Lihua Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thioredoxin (Trx) system plays a vital role in protecting against oxidative stress and ensures correct disulfide bonding to maintain protein function. Our previous research demonstrated that TrxA of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 (SS2), a clinical strain from the lung of a diseased pig, contributes to virulence but is not involved in antioxidative stress. In this study, we identified another gene in the Trx family, TrxC, which encodes a protein of 104 amino acids with a CGDC active motif and 22.4 % amino acid sequence homology with TrxA. Unlike the TrxA, TrxC mutant strains were more susceptible to oxidative stresses induced by hydrogen peroxide and paraquat. In vitro experiments, the survival rate of the TrxC deletion mutant in RAW264.7 macrophages was only one-eighth of that of TrxA mutant strains. Transcriptome analysis revealed that autophagy-related genes were significantly upregulated in the TrxC mutant compared to those in the wild-type or TrxA mutant strains. Co-localization of LC3 puncta with TrxC was confirmed using laser confocal microscopy, and autophagy-related indicators were quantified using western blotting. Autophagy deficiency induced by ATG5 knockout significantly increased SS2 survival rate, especially in TrxC mutant strains. For the upstream signal regulation pathways, we found ΔTrxC strains regulate autophagy by activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in RAW264.7 macrophages. In the Akt1-overexpressing cell line, ΔTrxC infection significantly decreased the autophagic response and promoted ΔTrxC mutant strain survival, while inhibition of Akt with MK2206 resulted in reduced ΔTrxC mutant strain survival and enhance the autophagic response. Furthermore, loss of TrxC increased the activity of MSR1, thereby inducing cellular autophagy and phagocytosis. Our data demonstrate that TrxC of SS2 contributes to virulence by inducing antioxidative stress and inhibits autophagy via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in macrophages, with MSR1 acting as a key factor in controlling infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum oral vaccine expressing VP2 protein for preventing feline panleukopenia virus","authors":"Jiakang Li ,&nbsp;Yue Zeng ,&nbsp;Luying Li ,&nbsp;Jiajia Peng ,&nbsp;Quanhui Yan ,&nbsp;Zijun Ye ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang ,&nbsp;Weihui Li ,&nbsp;Longlong Cao ,&nbsp;Dengyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;QiuYan Li ,&nbsp;Youhui Si ,&nbsp;Shengbo Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) represents a significant health threat to the kittens. While traditional vaccines administered via subcutaneous or intramuscular injection are effective, they can induce stress and adverse reactions. Moreover, unvaccinated kittens visiting veterinary clinics risk exposure to FPV, increasing their susceptibility to infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safer, more gentle vaccination method with streamlined administration. In this study, we developed a recombinant <em>L. plantarum NC8/VP2</em> expressing the VP2 protein of the prevalent Chinese FPV strain, FPV-251. Our results show that <em>L. plantarum NC8/VP2</em> effectively colonizes the feline intestinal tract and induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies through oral administration. Kittens exhibited significant protection against FPV-251 infection and associated illnesses or fatalities after 30 days of continuous dosing. These results highlight the potential of recombinant <em>L. plantarum NC8/VP2</em> as a novel oral vaccine for FPV, presenting a promising approach for disease prevention in domestic cats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of three novel linear B-cell epitopes on VP7 of African horse sickness virus using monoclonal antibodies","authors":"Xinbing Hu ,&nbsp;Jing Xu ,&nbsp;Xuanying Wang ,&nbsp;Zhancheng Tian ,&nbsp;Guiquan Guan ,&nbsp;Jianxun Luo ,&nbsp;Hong Yin ,&nbsp;Junzheng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>African horse sickness (AHS) is an acute and subacute infectious disease of equine species caused by the African horse sickness virus (AHSV). The VP7 of AHSV is a group-specific protein conserved in all serotypes and is an excellent candidate for the serological diagnosis and an AHS vaccine component. However, to date, B-cell epitopes on the AHSV VP7 recognized by humoral immune responses remain unclear. This study expressed the recombinant AHSV VP7 soluble in <em>Escherichia coli</em> and purified it for mouse immunization. Four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were screened and identified by hybridoma cell fusion, clonal purification, and immunological assays. The B-cell epitopes, recognized by monoclonal antibodies 4B5, 3G10, 3D7, and 4D6, were identified by a series of truncated overlapping peptides expressed as glutathione S-transferase (GST)-fusion proteins. The results revealed that 4B5 recognized the ¹²⁴VQTGRYAGA¹³² motif, 3G10 recognized the ¹⁴⁰RYYVPQGRT¹⁴⁸ motif, while 3D7 and 4D6 recognized the ²⁹²QPINPPIFP³⁰⁰ motif. Amino acid sequence alignment indicated that three novel B-cell epitopes were conserved among various AHSV serotypes but unconserved in other orbiviruses, such as the bluetongue and epidemic hemorrhagic disease viruses. This study informs on the antigenic epitopes of AHSV VP7, facilitating future investigations into the serological diagnosis method and epitope-based vaccines against AHSV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal survey of hepatitis E virus in extensively raised pigs in Spain","authors":"Tomás Fajardo-Alonso ,&nbsp;Ignacio García-Bocanegra ,&nbsp;María A. Risalde ,&nbsp;Antonio Rivero-Juárez ,&nbsp;Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz ,&nbsp;David Cano-Terriza ,&nbsp;María Casares-Jiménez ,&nbsp;Eduardo Laguna ,&nbsp;Pelayo Acevedo ,&nbsp;Mario Frías ,&nbsp;Joaquín Vicente ,&nbsp;Antonio Rivero ,&nbsp;Javier Caballero-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging zoonotic virus of public health concern, of which pigs, wild boar and red deer are the main reservoirs. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has recently prioritized the development of monitoring programs of HEV at different stages of the pig food chain, including outdoor pig farming. Pigs managed under these extensive production systems frequently share habitat and natural resources with wild boar and red deer during fattening stages and cross-species transmission of HEV among these species has previously been suggested. In this context, we aimed to (I) to evaluate the risk of HEV circulation within the production phases of extensively raised pigs and at the domestic-wildlife interface, and (II) to identify the genotypes circulating within these hosts. A total of 1452 pigs from seven different pig farms were longitudinally sampled during the breeding, rearing, and fattening production phases. In addition, 138 and 252 sympatric wild boar and red deer, respectively, were analysed. Anti-HEV antibodies were found in 1245 (85.7 %) out of the 1452 Iberian pigs sampled. The seroprevalence was 30.4 % in the breeding phase, 95.4 % in the rearing phase and 97.0 % in the fattening phase. Statistically significant differences (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) were found among the three production phases. The seroprevalence was significantly higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) in fattening pigs compared to those found in sympatric wild boar (31.9 %) and red deer (2.0 %). Three (1.0 %) out of the 293 serum pools analysed were positive for viral RNA. One of them was identified in pigs at the rearing phase (genotype 3 f) and two in wild boar (genotypes 3 f and 3 m). The high seroprevalence detected in extensively raised pigs, together with the detection of the zoonotic HEV-3 f and HEV-3 m subtypes in sympatric domestic and wild swine, highlights the risk of zoonotic transmission and the need to establish surveillance programs and control measures, particularly in breeding and rearing phase, in these epidemiological scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deletion of maternal CD163 PSTII-domain-coding exon 13 protects fetuses from infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)","authors":"Raymond R.R. Rowland ,&nbsp;Brianna Salgado ,&nbsp;James Lowe ,&nbsp;Tad S. Sonstegard ,&nbsp;Daniel F. Carlson ,&nbsp;Kyra Martins ,&nbsp;Jonathan R. Bostrom ,&nbsp;Suzanna Storms ,&nbsp;Alberto Brandariz-Nuñez","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Following infection of a porcine dam with PRRSV around 90 days of gestation, the virus crosses the placenta and starts to infect fetuses. This can lead to consequences such as abortions, stillbirths, and respiratory issues in newborn piglets. CD163 is an essential cellular viral entry receptor for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). CD163 contains nine scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) and two proline-serine-threonine (PST) domains. Gene-edited pigs possessing a complete deletion of CD163 are resistant to PRRSV infection. Recently, we demonstrated that pigs harboring a clean deletion of CD163 exon 13 (ΔExon13 CD163 pigs) which encodes the first 12 amino acids of the CD163 PSTII domain were not susceptible to PRRSV infection. In this study, ΔExon13 CD163 (−/−) gilts were bred with wildtype CD163 (+/+) boars producing heterozygous, CD163 (+/−) fetuses. We found that fetuses with a wildtype CD163, recovered between day 103 of gestation or 17 days after the maternal infection with PRRSV, were fully protected from PRRSV in dams containing a clean deletion of CD163 exon 13. These findings suggest a feasible approach for eliminating PRRSV-related reproductive illness, which is a significant cause of economic losses in agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-10 upregulates SOCS3 to inhibit type I interferon signaling to promote PoRVA replication in intestinal epithelial cells","authors":"Haixin Liu ,&nbsp;Yongpan Zhao ,&nbsp;Huimin Du ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Hao ,&nbsp;Haolun Tian ,&nbsp;Kun Wang ,&nbsp;Yudong Qiu ,&nbsp;Haiying Dong ,&nbsp;Qian Du ,&nbsp;Dewen Tong ,&nbsp;Yong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine group A rotavirus (PoRVA) is one of the common enteric viruses causing severe diarrhea in piglets. Although PoRVA infection has been identified to promote IL-10 production, the role of IL-10 during viral infection remains unclear. In this study, we found that elevated IL-10 levels during PoRVA infection promote viral replication by inhibiting type I interferon production and response. IL-10 treatment upregulated the expression of SOCS3 in PoRVA-infected IPEC-J2 cells, which inhibited IFN-I production by preventing the degradation of IκB and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, thereby significantly promoting PoRVA replication. Furthermore, we determined that SOCS3 also inhibited type Ⅰ interferon signaling pathway, which led to a significantly reduced ISGs after IFN-α stimulation. In PoRVA-infected cells, overexpression of SOCS3 significantly inhibits phosphorylation and heterodimerization of STAT1, thereby promoting viral replication. Finally, we demonstrated the effect of IL-10 on PoRVA replication in vivo by murine models of PoRVA infection. PoRVA replication levels were lower in the ileum of IL-10 knockout (IL-10^-/-) mice than that in PoRVA-infected wild-type mice, but PoRVA replication levels were higher in the ileum of IFNAR knockout (IFNAR^-/-) mice than that in PoRVA-infected wild-type mice. Taken together, our findings provide information to understand the strategies of PoRVA to evade host innate antiviral immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110259"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Z-Ligustilide restricts rabies virus replication by inducing ferroptosis through the ACSL4-LPCAT3-POR pathway","authors":"Jianqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Qianruo Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenkun Liu ,&nbsp;Meixin Sun ,&nbsp;Rui Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhen F. Fu ,&nbsp;Ling Zhao ,&nbsp;Ming Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rabies, induced by rabies virus (RABV), still threaten global health all over the world, and no effective therapy is available for rabies currently. Recently, a series of natural plant components have been found to inhibit virus production. In this study, Z-Ligustilide, a natural component of <em>Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort</em>, was found to inhibit RABV replication. Initially, the concentration of cytotoxicity 50 % (CC₅₀) of Z-Ligustilide in N2a and BSR cells were 429.9 μM and 335.5 μM, respectively, which both significantly restrict RABV production in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, Z-Ligustilide was found to mainly inhibit the replication stage of RABV. Specifically, Z-Ligustilide can suppress lipid droplet (LD) formation via directly inhibiting diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1/2 (DGAT1/2) expression, which can further promote cellular lipid peroxidation, Fe²⁺ concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and induce ferroptosis ultimately. Furthermore, Z-Ligustilide was demonstrated to increase ferroptosis via Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4)- Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3)- Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase (POR) pathway. Above all, this study explored the antiviral function of Z-Ligustilide, which provides a novel insight for developing anti-RABV drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"298 ","pages":"Article 110260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}