Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase is a key factor mediating adhesion and invasion of host cells by Mycoplasma synoviae","authors":"Haiyun Ma,&nbsp;Yunhai Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao He,&nbsp;Qing Wang,&nbsp;Yuting Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Xing,&nbsp;Xiaochun Wu,&nbsp;Guomei Quan,&nbsp;Shijun Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycoplasma synoviae</em> is a significant avian pathogen responsible for chronic respiratory diseases, arthritis, and infectious synovitis in chickens and turkeys. These infections result in substantial economic losses to the global poultry industry. Dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) is a multifunctional protein that plays an indispensable role in energy metabolism and redox balance and is also a key virulence factor of various pathogens. In this study, we used the avian pathogen <em>M. synoviae</em> as a model to identify the role of the E2 protein in the colonization and invasion of host cells. First, we prepared the polyclonal antibody of recombinant E2 (rE2) protein and found that the rE2 antibody had a strong complement-activating ability. E2 was found to be distributed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of <em>M. synoviae</em> by immunoelectron microscopy. E2 localized on the cell membrane is a key factor in the adhesion of <em>M. synoviae</em> and has good immunogenicity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the binding of rE2 to membrane proteins of chicken embryo fibroblasts (DF-1) was dose-dependent, and antiserum effectively inhibited this binding ability. Furthermore, E2 interacted with various components of the host extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoted the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin through terephthalic acid (tPA). In addition, E2 can enhance the ability of <em>M. synoviae</em> to invade DF-1 cells, which was significantly reduced after treatment with anti-E2 serum. These results indicate that E2 is an adhesion- and invasion-related protein and may be involved in the pathogenesis of <em>M. synoviae</em>, which provides new ideas for studying the pathogenesis of <em>M. synoviae</em> and preparing subunit vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chlamydia psittaci infection induces IFN-I and IL-1β through the cGAS-STING-IRF3/NLRP3 pathway via mitochondrial oxidative stress in human macrophages","authors":"Hongyu Yang ,&nbsp;Peiyuan Sun ,&nbsp;Shi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Tang ,&nbsp;Sijia Li ,&nbsp;Weiwei Li ,&nbsp;Xiang Yu ,&nbsp;Hanying Liu ,&nbsp;Yimou Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Chlamydia psittaci</em> (<em>C. psittaci</em>) is a multi-host pathogen that elicits robust innate immune responses in macrophages. <em>Chlamydiae</em> target host mitochondria to manipulate the cellular fate and metabolic functions. However, the effect of <em>C. psittaci</em> on the host mitochondria remains obscure. This study investigated how <em>C. psittaci</em>, post-infection in human macrophages, induces mitochondrial oxidative stress and damage to activate the cGAS-STING-IRF3/NLRP3 pathway for IFN-I and IL-1β production. Results demonstrate that <em>C. psittaci</em> increased mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production. This induced the release of oxidized mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytoplasm of macrophages. It also augmented IFN-I and IL-1β production dependent on the cGAS-STING pathway. Macrophages pre-treated with mtROS inhibitor mito-TEMPO displayed reduced oxidized mtDNA. This consequently lowered IFN-I and IL-1β production via the cGAS-STING pathway induced by <em>C. psittaci</em>. Additionally, we found that mtROS production may inhibit <em>C. psittaci</em> proliferation through the synergistic action of IFN-I and IL-1β. In conclusion, our study reveals that <em>C. psittaci</em> induces mtROS production leading to mtDNA release. This activates the cGAS-STING-IRF3/NLRP3 pathway to increase IFN-I and IL-1β production. This study elucidates a novel mechanism of bacterial pathogen activation in the cGAS-STING pathway. This reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response to <em>C. psittaci</em> infection and proposes potential targets for the treatment of <em>C. psittaci</em> related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type I-E CRISPR-Cas system regulates fimZY and T3SS1 genes expression in Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum","authors":"Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengyu Wang ,&nbsp;Shanshan Li ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Xie ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Xinan Jiao ,&nbsp;Qiuchun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated Cas proteins (CRISPR-Cas) provide prokaryotes with adaptive immunity against invasion by plasmids or phages. In <em>Salmonella,</em> the type I-E CRISPR-Cas system is typically considered silent in immunity against foreign genetic elements. To elucidate the role of the CRISPR-Cas system, we chose <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Pullorum S06004 as a model organism due to its four spacers and well-defined biological characteristics observed in previous studies. Western blot analysis revealed expression of Cas3 in S06004 cultured <em>in vitro</em>, but plasmid transformation assays demonstrated that both wild-type (WT) and S06004 strains overexpressing LeuO (a positive regulator of CRISPR-Cas) showed no immunity against the target plasmid. RNA-Seq analysis detected significant downregulation of the <em>f</em>im<!--> <!--> cluster, encoding type I fimbriae, and T3SS1-related genes in the <em>cas</em> cluster mutant compared to the WT. This downregulation was further confirmed in mutants of CR1 and individual <em>cas</em> genes by qRT-PCR. Consequently, mutants of CR1 and <em>cas</em> clusters exhibited decreased invasion of chicken hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The consistent regulation of T3SS1 genes by the CRISPR-Cas system in <em>S.</em> Pullorum, <em>S</em>. Enteritidis, and <em>S</em>. Typhimurium indicates a common role for the type I-E CRISPR-Cas system in promoting bacterial virulence. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation require further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesomycoplasma (Mycoplasma) ovipneumoniae dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase is an immunogenic plasminogen binding protein and a putative adhesin","authors":"Jiazhen Ge ,&nbsp;Tongtong Tian ,&nbsp;Yijian Liu ,&nbsp;Xuerui Li ,&nbsp;Qianqian Li ,&nbsp;Guodong Song ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Gao ,&nbsp;Fuying Zheng ,&nbsp;Yuefeng Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interaction of <em>Mesomycoplasma (Mycoplasma) ovipneumoniae</em> (<em>M. ovipneumoniae</em>) with host cells is a pivotal step in the infection process, underlining the necessity to develop vaccines and therapeutic approaches targeting the pathogen's key invasion mechanisms. The bacterium's capacity for adherence, invasion, and subsequent evasion of the host immune response underpins its pathogenicity, rendering adherence genes feasible vaccine targets. This study focuses on pyruvate dehydrogenase complex component E3 (PdhD), a membrane-anchored surface protein implicated in these pathogenic processes. Bioinformatics analysis reveals the conservation of PdhD sequence within <em>M. ovipneumoniae</em>. Membrane protein extraction, immunoblotting and ELISA assay have confirmed the presence of PdhD on the <em>M. ovipneumoniae</em> surface and cytoplasm, suggesting its multifunctionality. Our research employed antibody inhibition assays to characterize the bacterial adhesion suppression by anti-PdhD antibodies, complemented by bactericidal complement assays, supporting its candidacy as a putative vaccine target. The ELISA binding assay substantiated that PdhD binded to plasminogen (Plg) in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, PdhD is also involved in biofilm formation. The inhibitory effect of anti-PdhD sera on biofilm formation is congruent with novel therapeutic strategies targeting related mycoplasmas. This study reports the characterization of the first virulence-associated protein PdhD of <em>M. ovipneumoniae</em> and suggests its potential as a vaccine target to combat <em>M. ovipneumoniae</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of maternal antibodies transferred to foals raised through maternal equine rotavirus A vaccination","authors":"Lianne G. Eertink ,&nbsp;Megan Swope ,&nbsp;Tirth Uprety ,&nbsp;Chithra Sreenivasan ,&nbsp;Allen E. Page ,&nbsp;Emma N. Adam ,&nbsp;Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equine rotavirus A (ERVA) can cause foal diarrhoea and the most common ERVA genotypes are G3P[12] and G14P[12]. Since the introduction of a monovalent killed G3P[12] vaccine, infection in neonates has decreased. We aimed to determine the dynamics and longevity of maternally derived anti-G3P[12] neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in foals and what, if any, cross-reactivity exists between maternally derived NAbs against G14P[12]. Serum samples were collected from 50 mare-foal pairs before each vaccination and up to 6 months post-foaling for mares and up to 7 months of age for foals. These samples were then used for virus-neutralization antibody assays with both G3P[12] and G14P[12] viruses. We observed that vaccination of mares could increase their serum NAb titers. Pre-nursing serum samples of foals collected at birth before the first nursing contained no detectable NAbs. In contrast, post-nursing serum samples of foals showed a significant amount of NAb levels, thereby confirming that these NAbs are passed through the mare’s colostrum. Our study demonstrated that there is variation in the ratio of NAbs transferred from the serum of mares to the serum of their foals. Results also confirmed evidence of cross-reactivity between maternal antibodies in the serum of G3P[12] vaccinated dams and G14P[12]. Heterologous (G14P[12]) NAb titers were about 2- to 4-fold lower than homologous (G3P[12]) titers in colostrum, milk, and serum samples of both mares and their foals. Our data demonstrate that G3 and G14 NAbs in the serum of foals decreased steadily over time with the lowest point measured at approximately 4 months of age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new S1 subunit truncation vaccine induces effective protection against porcine deltacoronavirus in suckling piglets","authors":"Zhuoqi Chen ,&nbsp;Li Xiao ,&nbsp;Jinzhu Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Rongli Guo ,&nbsp;Jizong Li ,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel porcine intestinal coronavirus that causes diarrhea in pigs of various ages, especially in suckling pigs. Developing effective treatments and vaccines is crucial to preventing PDCoV transmission and infection. This study evaluated the immune response elicited by the PDCoV S1 subunit and an inactivated PDCoV vaccine in mice. Indirect ELISA assays revealed a significant enhancement in IgG levels against PDCoV following vaccination with the PDCoV S1 subunit. Neutralization assays and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the PDCoV S1 subunit vaccine elicited robust neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and cellular immune responses. To assess the protective efficacy of the S1 subunit in newborn piglets, pregnant sows were vaccinated with either the S1 or an inactivated PDCoV vaccine at 40 and 20 days before delivery. Five days post-farrowing, piglets were orally challenged with PDCoV strain. Severe diarrhea, high levels of viral RNA copies, and substantial intestinal villus atrophy were detected in piglets born to unimmunized sows. However, immunized S1 piglets showed high NAbs titers and significantly fewer microscopic lesions in the intestinal tissue, with only one piglet showing mild diarrhea. Thus, our results suggest that the PDCoV S1 subunit vaccine is effective with strong immunogenicity and is expected to be a candidate vaccine against PDCoV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The C3d-fused Porcine circovirus type 2d virus-like particle induced early and enhanced immune response and protected pigs against challenge","authors":"Xinyu Qi ,&nbsp;Zheng Fang ,&nbsp;Liang Meng ,&nbsp;Xuyan Xiang ,&nbsp;Yan Ju ,&nbsp;Xuehui Cai ,&nbsp;Tongqing An ,&nbsp;Mingxia Sun ,&nbsp;Haiwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an economically significant pathogen affecting the global swine industry. Vaccination is considered the most effective and best way to prevent PCV2-associated disease. The PCV2d genotype has become predominant by replacing the previous PCV2b genotype. The potential increase in the virulence of PCV2d has drawn attention, spurring the development of PCV2d vaccines. Virus-like particle (VLP) is an ideal vaccine candidate for its safety and potent immunogenicity. C3d is a molecular adjuvant that can be used to promote the protective efficacy of the PCV2 vaccine. In this study, we expressed PCV2d Cap protein fused with C3d epitope using <em>E. coli</em> expression system. The purified recombinant Cap protein assembled into VLP, which was designated as PCV2d-C3d-VLP. Through assessments in mice and piglets, we demonstrated that the PCV2d-C3d-VLP elicited robust humoral responses, notably accelerating antibody production one week earlier compared to a commercial PCV2d subunit vaccine. Furthermore, vaccination substantially reduced PCV2d viral load in piglets. These results present an innovative strategy for developing a more efficacious and cost-effective PCV2d VLP vaccine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immune responses elicited by six recombinant antigens of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in mice","authors":"Shiyang Li ,&nbsp;Ruiru Yin ,&nbsp;Qiyan Xiong ,&nbsp;Maojun Liu ,&nbsp;Jia Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Guoqing Shao ,&nbsp;Zhibang Deng ,&nbsp;Zhixin Feng ,&nbsp;Yanfei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</em> (<em>M. hyopneumoniae</em>) is the causative agent of swine enzootic pneumonia, resulting in substantial economic losses in global pig farming. Although vaccination is the primary strategy for controlling <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em> infection, current vaccines fall short in preventing transmission of this pathogen or protecting the body from secondary infection. This study aimed to assess the immunogenicity of six recombinant antigens (P97R1, P46, GAPDH, PdhA, DnaK, and EF-Tu) of <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em> through intramuscular immunization in mice. The results showed that the six antigens elicited high levels of serum IgG. Among them, P97R1, P46, PdhA, and DnaK stimulated robust antigen-specific IgA mucosal immune responses. CCK-8 assays revealed that both P97R1 and DnaK significantly increased the proliferation of mononuclear cells from spleen and lung, and DnaK also promoted the proliferation of blood mononuclear cells. Additionally, PdhA induced Th17-type immune response with a high level of IL-17 level in serum. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that P97R1 and PdhA increased the ratio of CD8+/CD4+ T lymphocyte, favoring cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses. Notably, P97R1 immunization significantly decreased the percentages of CD4+ T cells while increased the percentages of CD8+ T cells. The present findings demonstrate that the candidate antigens P97R1, PdhA, and DnaK of <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em> induce specific humoral and mucosal immunity; P97R1 and DnaK also stimulated intense cellular immunity, and PdhA induced CTL and Th17-type immune responses. In conclusion, P97R1, PdhA, and DnaK emerge as potential candidate antigens for the future development of a more effective subunit vaccine against <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae aerosol infection model in pigs","authors":"Beatriz Garcia-Morante ,&nbsp;Cipriano De Abreu ,&nbsp;Gregory Underwood ,&nbsp;Jesús Horacio Lara Puente ,&nbsp;Maria Pieters","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of the present study was to develop and characterize an experimental aerosol model for <em>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</em> (<em>M. hyopneumoniae</em>) infection and respiratory disease in pigs. The experiment was carried out to determine the pathogenicity, colonization, mucosal immune response, and clinical course of disease of dose-controlled aerosols of <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em>. Four groups of three <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em>-free gilts each were individually exposed to aerosols of diluted lung homogenate containing <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em> strain 232 in a chamber. Each group was exposed to different doses of viable organisms (10⁵ to 10⁶ color changing units/mL during 15–20 or 30–35 min in two consecutive days). Nasal, laryngeal, and deep-tracheal secretions were collected from each gilt at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-exposure (dpe). Blood samples were collected at 0 and 28 dpe. At necropsy, lung lesions were assessed, and bronchial secretions and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected from each lung set. Blood was used to assess seroconversion by means of an indirect ELISA, while BALF, deep-tracheal and nasal secretions were tested by modifying the ELISA to evaluate mucosal IgG and IgA production. Nasal, laryngeal, deep-tracheal, and bronchial secretions were tested by real-time PCR to evaluate bacterial load. Gilts became infected irrespective of the infectious dose, as determined by <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em> detection in deep-tracheal secretions from all gilts at 7 dpe. A specific local humoral immune response starting at 14 dpe was detected in all gilts. While all experimental groups presented gilts with some extent of mycoplasmal pneumonia, only the exposure of gilts to high-dose aerosols consistently reproduced typical clinical signs and severe lung lesions. These results showed that the reproduction of mycoplasmal pneumonia by means of infectious aerosols can be successfully achieved at experimental level, making this model a valuable alternative to evaluate preventive and treatment measures against <em>M. hyopneumoniae</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetracycline resistance gene transfer from Escherichia coli donors to Salmonella Heidelberg in chickens is impacted by the genetic context of donors","authors":"Vanina Guernier-Cambert ,&nbsp;Julian Trachsel ,&nbsp;Briony Atkinson ,&nbsp;Adelumola Oladeinde ,&nbsp;Christopher L. Anderson ,&nbsp;Shawn M.D. Bearson ,&nbsp;Melissa S. Monson ,&nbsp;Torey Looft","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chicken ceca are a rich source of bacteria, including zoonotic pathogens such as <em>Salmonella enterica.</em> The microbiota includes strains/species carrying antimicrobial resistance genes and horizontal transfer of resistance determinants between species may increase the risk to public health and farming systems. Possible sources of these antimicrobial resistance donors – the eggshell carrying bacteria from the hen vertically transmitted to the offspring, or the barn environment where chicks are hatched and raised – has been little explored. In this study, we used <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar Heidelberg to evaluate if layer chicks raised in different environments (using combinations of sterilized or non-sterile eggs placed in sterilized isolation chambers or non-sterile rooms) acquired transferable tetracycline resistance genes from surrounding bacteria, especially <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Two-day old chicks were challenged with an antibiotic-susceptible <em>S.</em> Heidelberg strain SH2813_nal^R and <em>Salmonella</em> recovered from the cecum of birds at different timepoints to test the <em>in vivo</em> acquisition of tetracycline resistance. Tetracycline-resistant <em>E. coli</em> isolates recovered from birds from the <em>in vivo</em> experiment were used to test the <em>in vitro</em> transfer of tetracycline resistance genes from <em>E. coli</em> to <em>Salmonella</em>. Even though <em>Salmonella</em> SH2813_nal^R colonized the 2-day old chicks after oral challenge, tetracycline-resistant <em>Salmonella</em> transconjugants were not recovered, as previously observed. <em>In vitro</em> experiments provided similar results. We discuss several hypotheses that might explain the absence of transconjugants <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, despite the presence of diverse plasmids in the recovered <em>E. coli</em>. The factors that can inhibit/promote antimicrobial resistance transfers to <em>Salmonella</em> for different plasmid types need further exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"299 ","pages":"Article 110294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}