Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"FCV activates NLRP3 inflammasome through ion-dependent pathway to promote IL-1β secretion","authors":"Hongtao Chen ,&nbsp;Shihui Zhao ,&nbsp;Shanling Liu ,&nbsp;Yiming Wei ,&nbsp;Yanbing Guo ,&nbsp;Kun Gao ,&nbsp;Hongze Shao ,&nbsp;Han Zhao ,&nbsp;Di Bao ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shushuai Yi ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Guixue Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline calicivirus (FCV) poses a significant threat to the health of susceptible animals in the global epidemic. The inflammasome plays a crucial role in the inflammatory process induced by pathogens, functioning in resisting their invasion, responding to cellular damage, and maintaining internal environmental homeostasis.FCV infection in cats causes inflammation,and the regulatory mecha-nisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome on inflammatory factors in infected cells urgently require further investigation.This study focuses on this inflammasome as the entry point, focusing on its activation signal that activates IL-1β secretion.Through cellular experiments, it analyzes the molecular mechanisms and logical relationships between this inflammasome, intracellular environ-ment, pyroptosis, the regulation of IL-1β secretion by viral-encoded proteins.The results showed that FCV-infected cells induced the activation and assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby activating this signaling. FCV-induced IL-1β secretion was dependent on the activation of this inflammasome. In the early stages of infection, the activation of this inflammasome and IL-1β secretion were dependent on cellular Ca^2 + influx and K⁺ efflux. IL-1β secretion also relied on FCV-induced pyroptosis;The activation of this inflammasome by the FCV-encoded protein p32/LC and the subsequent induction of IL-1β secretion are contingent upon the function of its in mediating cellular Ca²⁺ influx and K⁺ efflux.In summary, this study demonstrates that following FCV infection of cells, its p32 and LC proteins activate the NLRP3 inflammasome activation signal in a manner dependent on Ca²⁺ influx and K⁺ efflux,Induce IL-1β secretion. In addition, FCV-induced pyroptosis also triggers the secretion of IL-1β. The findings of this study elucidate the leading to inflammatory mechanisms of FCV from a novel perspective, providing new drug targets for the design and screening of anti-inflammatory drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A lyophilized anti-rabies mRNA-LNP vaccine induces early and robust immune responses from a single-dose subcutaneous administration","authors":"Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Tingting Yu ,&nbsp;Shoufeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Nan Li ,&nbsp;Jinghui Zhao ,&nbsp;Lijuan Mi ,&nbsp;Yanan Cai ,&nbsp;Naiquan Yao ,&nbsp;Rongliang Hu ,&nbsp;Faming Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rabies is a zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus (RABV). RABV infections cause severe destruction to the central nervous system with fatal consequences, which has prompted global efforts to develop a highly effective and safe vaccine. Currently, the most widely used vaccines are inactivated vaccines, which need multiple injected doses for either pre-exposure prophylaxis or post-exposure immunization. This adds a lot of unnecessary trouble and labor costs. mRNA vaccines represent a promising platform against emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, because they can induce high levels of virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs). In this study, we obtained a highly effective expression of rabies glycoprotein mRNA molecule by the optimized mRNA preparation procedure and encapsulated with lipid nanoparticles (LNP), termed mRNA-LNP vaccine. A single dose of the mRNA-LNP was highly immunogenic and induced a rapid protective antibody response in mice. Antibodies play a pivotal role in protecting against lethal RABV infections and eliminate the virus by blocking it from invading the CNS. One dose of the mRNA-LNP vaccine induced higher and more durable VNA titers in dogs and cats compared with the licensed inactivated vaccines, intriguingly, the antibody titers were higher in cats than in dogs. Furthermore, the immunogenicity of the freeze-dried vaccine was not significantly declined when compared with a freshly prepared vaccine, and it can be stored at −20℃ for 4 months. All the above results show that the mRNA-LNP vaccine is safe and effectively exhibited robust immune responses both for dogs and cats with a single-dose administration, which being promising to be a candidate vaccine against rabies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and identification of monoclonal antibody targeting a novel epitope on p72 protein of African swine fever virus","authors":"Yu Dai ,&nbsp;Xin Deng ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Ke Yang ,&nbsp;Shuqing Yang ,&nbsp;Xinran Li ,&nbsp;Xinlei Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Yang ,&nbsp;Yu Gu ,&nbsp;Yi Zheng ,&nbsp;Rui Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>African swine fever (ASF) is a kind of disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), which has a very high mortality rate for pigs. The p72 protein is the capsid protein of ASFV, which has good antigenicity and reactogenicity, and is suitable for serological detection of ASFV. In the study, a truncated N-terminal (1–224aa) p72 recombinant protein was expressed in <em>Escherichia coli</em>, and monoclonal antibody (mAbs) 2C3 and rabbit polyclonal antibody were generated. The epitope (₁₆₀ITFALKPREEYQPSGH₁₇₅) was recognized by epitope mapping to mAbs 2C3. The identified epitope was highly conserved among 25 ASFV strains by sequence alignment analysis, and located on the surface of p72 protein by 3D structural analysis. Based on mAbs 2C3 and rabbit polyclonal antibody, a double antibody sandwich ELISA detection method was developed. The results showed that the method had good specificity, high sensitivity and great potential for ASFV diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant canine distemper virus expressing virus-like particle VP2 protein of mink enteritis virus protects minks against lethal challenges of both viruses","authors":"Yuan Jiang ,&nbsp;Yiyang Sun ,&nbsp;Boyu Zhai ,&nbsp;Tianjie Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Lina Ren ,&nbsp;Yuchen Ma ,&nbsp;Kun Han ,&nbsp;Jianke Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenwei Bi ,&nbsp;Bo Hu ,&nbsp;Jianjun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine distemper virus (CDV) and mink enteritis virus (MEV) are among the most devastating viruses in minks (<em>Mustela vison</em>). They often cause two fatal diseases—canine distemper (CD) and mink viral enteritis (MVE)—resulting in severe respiratory symptoms and acute enteritis in breeding minks, respectively. Here, using the attenuated CDV vaccine strain CDV3-CL (currently employed in breeding mink in China) as a backbone, we constructed a recombinant strain, rCDV3-mVP2, expressing the wild-type MEV capsid protein VP2. Notably, the VP2 protein expressed by this recombinant virus assembles into virus-like particles (VLPs) in Vero cells and exhibits hemagglutination activity. rCDV3-mVP2 exhibits genetic stability through at least 30 serial passages and replicates to titers comparable to the parental CDV3-CL strain in Vero cells. To evaluate its protective efficacy as a bivalent vaccine candidate, twenty weaned minks were immunized with rCDV3-mVP2 (10^4.0 TCID₅₀) and challenged with a highly virulent CDV strain (SD (14)7; <em>n</em> = 5 minks) or lethal MEV wild-type strain (LN-10; <em>n</em> = 5 minks) 3 weeks post-immunization. A single vaccination with rCDV3-mVP2 induced neutralizing antibodies (mean value = 43) against CDV and hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies (mean value = 128) against MEV, conferring 100 % protection against lethal challenges of both viruses. Moreover, vaccination effectively alleviated lymphopenia, reduced virus shedding, and minimized tissue viral loads and pathological changes. These results suggest that rCDV-mVP2 is a suitable bivalent live vaccine against CDV and MEV for minks.</div></div><div><h3>Importance</h3><div>Canine distemper (CD) and mink viral enteritis (MVE), caused by canine distemper virus (CDV) and mink enteritis virus (MEV), respectively, are fatal diseases in minks, with significant impacts on the mink product industry. In this study, we employed reverse genetics to construct a recombinant CDV vaccine strain, rCDV3-mVP2, that expresses stably the MEV VP2 protein. Vaccination of weaned minks with rCDV3-mVP2 safely induced neutralizing antibody responses to both viruses, protecting minks from challenges with lethal CDV and MEV. This is the first study to demonstrate that recombinant CDV can be serve as a bivalent live vaccine for MVE and CD in animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncolytic avian reovirus regulates the TLR3-IRF3-IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 and TLR3-NF-κB-IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 pathways inducing autophagy in murine melanoma cells","authors":"Chao-Yu Hsu ,&nbsp;Zi-Yang Lo ,&nbsp;Yi-Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Wei-Ru Huang ,&nbsp;Tz-Chuen Ju ,&nbsp;Kuo-Pin Chuang ,&nbsp;Lon-Fye Lye ,&nbsp;Muhammad Munir ,&nbsp;Hung-Jen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oncolytic avian reovirus (ARV) has been identified as a virus capable of selectively infecting and inducing cell death in various cancer cell lines. This study investigates the role of ARV in activating innate immune responses in B16-F10 murine melanoma cells, focusing on the TLR3-IRF3-IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 and TLR3-NF-κB-IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 pathways. Our results revealed that the σC protein of ARV interacts with toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in the cytoplasm, leading to nuclear translocation of IRF3 and NF-κB as well as the upregulation of IFN-γ, as confirmed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), proximity ligation assay (PLA), and Western blot. Inhibition assays targeting TLR3, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) further validated the involvement of the TLR3-IRF3 and TLR3-NF-κB pathways in IFN-γ activation. Additionally, cells treated with signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) shRNA and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor revealed that ARV promotes autophagy via the IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 pathway. Immunofluorescence staining and LC3-mCherry transfection further confirm ARV’s role in triggering autophagy via TLR3-IRF3-IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 and TLR3-NF-κB-IFN-γ-JAK-STAT1 pathways. Our results revealed that oncolytic ARV induces autophagy and apoptosis in middle to late stages of virus life cycle in murine melanoma cells. These findings highlight the potential of ARV as a novel oncolytic virotherapy through immune pathway activation in cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144489388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marek’s disease virus-encoded MicroRNA-M6-5p suppresses viral replication by targeting viral major capsid protein-coding gene UL19","authors":"Linyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Jing Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Cheng ,&nbsp;Wenxiao Liu ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Yongqing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is a cell-associated alphaherpesvirus that causes lymphoproliferative diseases in chickens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of 20–25-nucleotide long single-stranded non-coding RNAs that play an important role in post-transcriptional regulation. MDV-encoded miRNAs are critical for viral replication and tumorigenesis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We have previously found that MDV-encoded miR-M6-5p inhibits viral replication <em>in vitro</em>. In this study, we identified the major viral capsid protein-coding gene <em>UL19</em> as a direct functional target of miR-M6-5p. The overexpression of miR-M6-5p significantly reduced UL19 expression, accompanied by a decrease in the number of viral particles. In contrast, the knockout of miR-M6-5p enhanced UL19 expression, accompanied by an increase in the number of viral particles. Consistently, MDV mutants with UL19 deletions could not replicate and assemble capsid structures in infected cells. Thus, miR-M6-5p inhibits MDV replication by impairing capsid assembly by targeting the <em>UL19</em> gene. These findings reveal how virus-encoded miRNAs regulate viral replication by targeting structural morphogenic components and broaden our understanding of the role of MDV-encoded miRNAs in viral replication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel L1A/C RFLP 1–3-4 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus causing severe intestinal infections in China","authors":"Bo Han ,&nbsp;Yi-han Lu ,&nbsp;Jiu-ying Sun ,&nbsp;Xin-lei Li ,&nbsp;Wen-juan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-xue Yu ,&nbsp;Gang Xu ,&nbsp;Dao-wen Li ,&nbsp;Xue-jiao Cheng ,&nbsp;Chun-xue You ,&nbsp;Ying-Feng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), is one of the most economically significant swine diseases globally. In recent years, Lineage 1 (L1) PRRSV strains, including RFLP 1–3–4, RFLP 1–4–4, and RFLP 1–7–4, have emerged and spread widely in the United States, whereas the L1 RFLP 1–3–4 strain has been relatively rarely reported in China. In this study, three novel recombinant PRRSV variants, named TJ2401 (lineages 1.5, 1.8, and 8) with an L1A RFLP 1–3–4 pattern, TJ2402 (lineages 1.8 and 8) with an L1C RFLP 1–3–4 pattern and L1C TJ2406 (lineages 8.1, 8.2, and 1.8), were isolated from three distinct local pig farms in China in 2024. Experiments on 6-week-old piglets have demonstrated that the three isolated strains can induce severe interstitial pneumonia. Notably, both the TJ2401 strain and the TJ2402 strain exhibiting the RFLP 1–3–4 pattern can elicit typical clinical symptoms of diarrhea. Concurrently, high viral loads were detected in their fecal samples, aligning with the clinical signs of diarrhea. However, the TJ2406 isolated strain did not manifest typical diarrhea symptoms. Based on clinical observations and pathogenicity experiments, we have confirmed that these novel L1A/C 1–3–4 variants exhibit extensive tissue tropism, particularly in intestinal tissues. These results indicate the urgent need for comprehensive epidemiological surveillance and the development of new strategies to prevent the further spread of the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A candidate multi-epitopes vaccine against encephalomyocarditis virus confers protection in mice","authors":"Hongshan Li ,&nbsp;Rongrong Cheng ,&nbsp;Pingan Dong ,&nbsp;Yongfang Chen ,&nbsp;Rongqian Mo ,&nbsp;Jiayu Yue ,&nbsp;Dianyu Li ,&nbsp;Yanmei Yang ,&nbsp;Amjad Ali ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Li ,&nbsp;Ruofei Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) is a widely distributed RNA virus that causes diseases in animals with zoonotic potential. Infection with this pathogen in animals, especially in pigs, can lead to encephalitis, myocarditis, and reproductive disorders. The virus causes a febrile disease in humans and is thus not only a potential threat to the swine industry but also to human health and society. However, there is still no commercial EMCV vaccine available, making the development of a novel and effective EMCV vaccine a priority. Here, we developed an EMCV multi-epitopes candidate vaccine, MIgH-EMCV-Ⅱ^2D2, by directly concatenating universal T-cell epitope sequences with B-cell epitopes of EMCV structural proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3 in a tandem manner. Vaccination of MIgH-EMCV-Ⅱ^2D2 formulated with adjuvants FCA / FIA induces neutralizing antibodies against EMCV, and also elicits a robust Th1-dominant cellular immune response <em>in vivo</em> against EMCV. Furthermore, our MIgH-EMCV-Ⅱ^2D2 vaccine showed stronger protection in mice in the prime-boost regimen than the single-dose regimen. The MIgH-EMCV-Ⅱ^2D2 vaccination conferred complete protection against live EMCV PV21 strain challenge with a 100 % survival rate. These results indicate that the MIgH-EMCV-Ⅱ^2D2 vaccine is a promising, safe, and effective vaccine candidate and could potentially be used for the prevention and control of EMCV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of HiBiT-tagged porcine deltacoronavirus via NanoBiT split-luciferase system and its utility in antiviral research","authors":"Qinyuan Chu ,&nbsp;Chengyao Hou ,&nbsp;Runmin Kang ,&nbsp;Yiming Tian ,&nbsp;Song Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Wenjun Yan ,&nbsp;Kailu Wang ,&nbsp;Liangkai Liu ,&nbsp;Yuqing Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Xu ,&nbsp;Hongning Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel coronavirus that causes acute diarrhea and high mortality in piglets, and poses a significant threat to public health due to its potential for cross-species transmission. HiBiT is a tag that can bind to LgBiT to restore NanoBiT activity, and it can be inserted into viral genomes to generate reporter viruses. In this study We successfully constructed an infectious clone of PDCoV using the transformation-associated recombination (TAR) technique in yeast. The rescued virus exhibited biological characteristics similar to those of the wild-type strain. Based on this infectious clone, we insert a HiBiT tag into the NS6 gene and successfully rescued the recombinant virus, which also showed comparable biological properties to the wild-type virus. The functionality of the HiBiT reporter gene was validated using two antiviral compounds and compared with an eGFP-tagged reporter virus. The results demonstrated that the PDCoV reporter virus carrying the HiBiT tag provided stronger peak signals, higher sensitivity, and better genetic stability for antiviral drug screening These findings suggest that the HiBiT-tagged PDCoV is a robust tool for antiviral drug discovery and can facilitate the development of therapeutics against PDCoV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a colloidal gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunochromatographic (LFI) strip test for detecting Senecavirus A (SVA) antibodies in pigs using non-structural protein","authors":"Parin Watcharavongtip ,&nbsp;Patumporn Jermsutjarit ,&nbsp;Angkana Tantituvanont ,&nbsp;Dachrit Nilubol","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A rapid lateral flow immunochromatographic (LFI) strip test was developed to detect specific antibodies against the non-structural protein 3AB of Senecavirus A (SVA) in pig serum samples. Recombinant SVA 3AB non-structural protein, expressed in a baculovirus expression system and labeled with colloidal gold nanoparticles, was incorporated into the LFI strip, providing results within 15 min. When tested with 198 pig serum samples, the SVA 3AB LFI strip demonstrated a sensitivity of 97.97 % and a specificity of 90.00 % compared to the virus neutralizing assay (VNA), showing strong agreement (κ = 0.892). When compared to an in-house SVA 3AB indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the LFI strip exhibited a sensitivity of 98.62 % and a specificity of 86.79 %, with similarly strong concordance (κ = 0.880). The assay showed no cross-reactivity with serum samples from pigs infected with other common swine viruses. These findings suggest that the SVA 3AB LFI strip test is a high-performing, rapid, and easy-to-use diagnostic tool for detecting SVA antibodies in swine herds. It offers potential for monitoring herd immunity, supporting future SVA vaccination programs, and aiding in the control and prevention of SVA outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}