Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Subunit vaccine of PCV3 capsid protein produced by sf9 cells with double knockout of Caspase-1 and Dronc induces strong immune response in mice","authors":"Shuo Li ,&nbsp;Ruihong Guo ,&nbsp;Yinxiang Fang ,&nbsp;Chunhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Linyu Jiang ,&nbsp;Weixin Jia ,&nbsp;Zhangyong Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) associated with multisystemic clinicopathological diseases in swine herds has caused economic losses and there is no available commercial vaccine. Production of PCV3 capsid protein (Cap) by <em>Spodoptera frugiperda 9</em> (sf9) cells using baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is a valid strategy to develop vaccines. Here, we report that subunit vaccine of PCV3 produced by sf9 cells with double knockout of <em>Caspase-1</em> and <em>Dronc</em> genes induces strong immune response in mice. Three kinds of knockout sf9 cells aimed at <em>Caspase-1</em> gene, <em>Dronc</em> gene and both genes were successfully generated by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system, and sequence analysis confirmed this. The anti-apoptosis ability of three kinds of knockout sf9 cells was assessed, and double knockout sf9 cells are the best. The expression of PCV3 Cap was enhanced in double knockout sf9 cells compared to wild type sf9 cells, and subunit vaccines were produced by PCV3 Cap expressed from double knockout sf9 cells and wild type cells, respectively. Results of immunological experiment in mice showed subunit vaccine of PCV3 Cap from double knockout sf9 cells induces higher level of serum antibody, stimulates lymphocyte proliferation and enhances expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 compared to wild type cells. These results present knockout sf9 cells to enhance the expression of protein in BEVS, and provide a technical platform for vaccine development of PCV3.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructions and immunogenicity evaluations of two porcine epdemic diarrhea virus-like particle vaccines","authors":"Hong Xu ,&nbsp;Mengdi Yang ,&nbsp;Shiyu Liu ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;YuPeng Li ,&nbsp;Yunchuan Li ,&nbsp;Chuanhong Wang ,&nbsp;Jiali Qian ,&nbsp;Yongxiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Shanshan Yang ,&nbsp;Min Sun ,&nbsp;Xu Song ,&nbsp;Rongli Guo ,&nbsp;Jinzhu Zhou ,&nbsp;Baochao Fan ,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a swine enteropathogenic coronavirus, causing acute diarrhea, dehydration, and up to 100 % mortality in neonatal suckling piglets, leading to huge economic losses in the global swine industry. Vaccination remains the most promising and effective way to prevent and control PEDV. In this study, we produced PEDV virus-like particles (VLPs) composed of S, M, and E proteins with a baculovirus expression system and a mammalian expression system. The S, M, and E proteins were effectively expressed and successfully assembled into VLPs. Subsequently, S subunits and commercially inactivated vaccines were selected and compared with two VLPs vaccines for immune efficacy through mouse immunization. The results showed that both VLPs induced higher levels of IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibody titers, lymphocyte proliferation indexes and T, B cell ratios. Compared with the baculovirus VLPs, the mammalian VLPs exhibited better effects in inducing neutralizing antibodies, lymphocyte proliferations, and IFN-γ. These data indicated that the PEDV VLPs vaccine constructed using the mammalian expression system has better immune efficacy and has the potential to serve as a novel PEDV vaccine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"303 ","pages":"Article 110451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicles engineered to directly target encephalomyocarditis virus ameliorates multi-organ viremia in a lethal infection model","authors":"Jiayu Yue ,&nbsp;Yanmei Yang ,&nbsp;Adi Idris ,&nbsp;Wenjing Jin ,&nbsp;Yaxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongfang Chen ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Li ,&nbsp;Huixia Li ,&nbsp;Shasha Li ,&nbsp;Yanqiao Wen ,&nbsp;Ruofei Feng ,&nbsp;Jingying Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The outbreak and prevalence of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) causes significant global mortality and morbidity to the pig industry. Though the current and most effective approach to control EMCV outbreak are done through inactivated vaccines, we have yet to see an effective antiviral agent that directly targets EMCV. Here, we present a molecular therapy consisting of extracellular vesicles (EVs) decorated with EMCV-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv), engineered on the external loop of the EVS transmembrane domain CD63. These EMCV-scFv enriched EVs directly neutralizes infectious EMCV, thereby inhibiting viral proliferation <em>in vitro</em>. Importantly, we demonstrate that systemic delivery of these EVs reduced multi-organ viremia and clinically rescued EMCV infected mice <em>in vivo</em>. This is the first demonstration of the use of direct acting molecularly engineered EVs to target EMCV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Phenotypic antibiotic resistance prediction using antibiotic resistance genes and machine learning models in Mannheimia haemolytica” [Vet. Microbiol. 302 (2025) 110372]","authors":"Carmen L. Wickware ,&nbsp;Audrey C. Ellis ,&nbsp;Mohit Verma ,&nbsp;Timothy A. Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"303 ","pages":"Article 110447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foxp3 inhibits PCV2 replication by reducing the ATPase activity of Rep","authors":"Ruijiao Jiang ,&nbsp;Qiuyan Huang ,&nbsp;Ruiting Shen,&nbsp;Yongning Zhang,&nbsp;Lei Zhou,&nbsp;Xinna Ge,&nbsp;Jun Han,&nbsp;Xin Guo,&nbsp;Hanchun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the pathogen that causes porcine circovirus disease, characterized by severe immunosuppression and significant economic losses in the swine industry. The replicase (Rep), one of the most critical non-structural proteins of PCV2, plays a pivotal role in viral replication. However, the mechanism by which Rep regulates the replication of PCV2 still requires further investigation. Our study demonstrated that PCV2 can infect regulatory T cells (Tregs), and within the nucleus, Rep interacted with Foxp3, while the structural protein capsid protein (Cap) did not exhibit this interaction. Further investigations revealed that the Forkhead domain of Foxp3 was crucial for mediating its interaction with the C-terminal region of Rep, which had an ATPase activity-regulating domain. The interaction between Foxp3 and Rep reduced the ATPase activity of Rep, thereby inhibiting PCV2 replication. This study provided a theoretical foundation for elucidating the role of Rep in PCV2 pathogenesis and contributed to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying PCV2 immune evasion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycoplasma ovipnuemoniae impairs the immune response of sheep and suppresses neutrophil function by inhibiting S100A9","authors":"Chenbo Yan ,&nbsp;Tianning Dong ,&nbsp;Yiyi Shan ,&nbsp;Bingru Zhao ,&nbsp;Hua Yang ,&nbsp;Yu Cai ,&nbsp;Shanglai Li ,&nbsp;Qiuyue Liu ,&nbsp;Yuefeng Chu ,&nbsp;Huafang Hao ,&nbsp;Zilong Cheng ,&nbsp;Maojun Liu ,&nbsp;Yanli Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycoplasma pneumonia</em> is a chronic respiratory disease that seriously affects the health of sheep. To date, little information is available about the damage caused by <em>Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae</em> (MO) pneumonia to host lungs. Here, after sheep were infected with MO for 28 days, severe inflammatory reactions and pathological damage occurred. By using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), all the transcriptome changes in 11 cell types in sheep lung tissue were systematically analyzed, and the key biological processes regulating inflammation and immunity were identified. Moreover, we constructed both intercellular communication models and differential expression maps of key regulatory genes for each cell subgroup. We also specifically focused on the response of T cell subpopulations and neutrophils to MO infection. Long-term infection may affect an organism's immune response, inhibit intercellular communication, and highlight the important role of the cyclophilin A (CypA) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) pathways in intercellular communication. Notably, MO infection decreased the toxicity of CD8 effector T cells and depleted regulatory T cells, thus inhibiting normal cell function. Subsequently, emphasis was placed on the important role of the neutrophil marker gene <em>S100A9</em> in promoting neutrophil clearance of MO through activation of the ERK signaling pathway and reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst <em>in vitro</em>. These results contribute to understanding the progression of MO infection in the lungs and provide a rich database on the molecular basis of the response to different cell types in MO infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"303 ","pages":"Article 110446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological and bacteriological investigations of Pasteurella multocida-induced epididymitis in calves","authors":"Kaori Namba ,&nbsp;Aya Terao ,&nbsp;Yuichi Ueno ,&nbsp;Chie Teratani ,&nbsp;Ikumi Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Risa Kaji ,&nbsp;Sachi Tamaboko ,&nbsp;Chiaki Mizukami ,&nbsp;Akihiko Hashida ,&nbsp;Mitsutaka Ikezawa ,&nbsp;Shogo Tanaka ,&nbsp;Kumiko Kimura","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Between June 2017 and October 2023, five cases of epididymitis caused by <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> were confirmed in four Japanese Black calves and one Japanese Black-Holstein crossbreed calf across five farms in three prefectures in Japan. Although <em>P. multocida</em> is primarily known to cause respiratory diseases in cattle, its role in reproductive disorders, particularly in epididymitis, has not been extensively studied. Histopathological examination showed pyogranulomatous lesions in the epididymal duct and surrounding areas, consisting of ductal extension, immune cell infiltration, epithelial degeneration, abscess formation, and fibrosis with angiogenesis. In the immunohistochemical analysis, positive reactions to anti-<em>P. multocida</em> serotype A antibodies were observed in macrophages and neutrophils in the epididymal ducts and surrounding areas, suggesting an ascending infection rather than hematogenous spread. This report is the first to directly confirm <em>P. multocida</em> involvement in bovine epididymitis through immunohistochemical examination. <em>P. multocida</em> was isolated in pure culture from the scrotal contents in all cases. The isolates were grouped into sequence types ST79 and ST13, commonly found in the respiratory tract and oral cavity of cattle, using the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation multilocus sequence typing scheme; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed unique band patterns in the isolates from each case. These results suggest that multiple genetically distinct strains, commonly found in the nasal and oral cavities, incidentally infected the epididymis via an ascending route. This bacterium warrants further investigation as a potential cause of reproductive disorders, particularly in Japanese Black cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"304 ","pages":"Article 110445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long noncoding RNA USP30-AS1 promotes influenza A virus replication by enhancing PHB1 function","authors":"Xiuhua Yu ,&nbsp;Ning Su ,&nbsp;Jinna Luo ,&nbsp;Daining Zhang ,&nbsp;Hansi Zhang ,&nbsp;Ming Duan ,&nbsp;Ning Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. Although evidence accumulated over the past decade shows that lncRNAs have key roles in the interaction between viruses and hosts, the functions of the majority of differentially expressed lncRNAs in response to viral infections remain uncharacterized so far. In this study, we have identified that USP30 antisense RNA 1 (USP30-AS1), a host antisense lncRNA, is hijacked by influenza A virus (IAV) to assist its replication. We show that USP30-AS1 is IAV-induced via the Janus protein tyrosine kinase-signal transducer and the activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway. Functionally, ectopic expression of USP30-AS1 significantly promotes IAV replication. Conversely, silencing USP30-AS1 suppresses IAV replication. Mechanistically, USP30-AS1 directly binds prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and modulates its protein stability and function. On the one hand, the binding of USP30-AS1 sequesters PHB1 away from the E3 ubiquitin ligase, tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21), thereby protecting the protein stability of PHB1. On the other hand, USP30-AS1 serves as a molecular scaffold for enhancing the interaction between PHB1 and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), which in turn impedes the nuclear import of IRF3. Therefore, our data unveil an important role of USP30-AS1 in promoting viral replication by modulating PHB1 stability and functions, providing a new insight into the role of lncRNAs in the interplay between IAV and host.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"303 ","pages":"Article 110444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of IS26-bracketed blaCTX-M-65 resistance module on IncI1 and IncX1 plasmids in Escherichia coli ST224 isolated from a chicken in China","authors":"Mengtao Wang ,&nbsp;Mengjuan Ma ,&nbsp;Lijie Yu,&nbsp;Kun He,&nbsp;Tengli Zhang,&nbsp;Yiming Feng,&nbsp;Gongzheng Hu,&nbsp;Dandan He,&nbsp;Yushan Pan,&nbsp;Yajun Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global health threat, particularly due to increasing bacterial resistance to β-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics, primarily mediated by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and 16S rRNA methylases in <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em>. In this study, a multidrug resistant (MDR) <em>E. coli</em> strain HN257 isolated from chicken belonging to ST224 and serotype O88:H23 was characterized. SNP-based phylogenetic analysis revealed two distinct clades among poultry-associated <em>E. coli</em> ST224 in this study and others from Genbank, with strain HN257 closely related to chicken-derived <em>E. coli</em> YH17148 (serotype O78:H23), from China. The <em>E. coli</em> HN257 harbored four plasmids with 16 resistance determinants. Two <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65 genes were located on different plasmids with an IS<em>26</em>-bracketed resistance module IS<em>26-traI-fip</em>-∆IS<em>Ecp1</em>-<em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65-IS<em>903D</em>-<em>iroN</em>-IS<em>26</em>. The plasmid pHN257–2 belonged to the IncI1 ST71 epidemic lineage and carried <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65, <em>bla</em>_TEM-1b, <em>rmtB</em>, <em>fosA3</em>, <em>floR</em>, <em>aac</em>(3)<em>-IV</em> and <em>oqxAB</em>, while plasmid pHN257–4 belonged to the non-conjugative IncX1 and carried <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65 and <em>fosA3</em>. Under experimental conditions, a <em>rmtB</em>-positive conjugative helper IncI1 ST136 plasmid could fuse with the non-conjugative pHN257–4 carrying <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65, resulting in the formation of a cointegrate pHN257–F mediated by IS<em>26</em>. Importantly, both single and fused plasmids in transconjugants showed minimal impact on bacterial growth. This study highlights the first identification of a non-conjugative IncX1 plasmid carrying <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65 and <em>fosA3</em> in MDR <em>E. coli</em> ST224 from poultry, offering critical insights into the presence and transmission dynamics of <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-65.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"303 ","pages":"Article 110443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and epitope identification of a novel monoclonal antibody against 3A protein of Senecavirus A","authors":"Xiang-hui Ling ,&nbsp;Biao Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao-jie Ren ,&nbsp;Ming-yang Li ,&nbsp;Shun-da Liu ,&nbsp;Meng-ru Luo ,&nbsp;Ke-wei Guo ,&nbsp;Shi-chong Han ,&nbsp;Wen-rui He ,&nbsp;Gai-ping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu-hang Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Senecavirus A (SVA) infection causes vesicular disease in pigs and acute death of newborn piglets. Frequent gene mutation and recombination events lead to difficulties for SVA prevention and eradication, especially impeding the development of effective vaccine or treatment drug. SVA nonstructural 3 A protein plays an important role in viral replication and various immune evasion pathways, which makes it a potential therapeutic target. In this study, prokaryotic 3 A protein was successfully expressed in <em>Escherichia.coli</em> BL21 (DE3) system and purified with Ni-affinity chromatography. Western blotting results showed 3 A protein specifically reacted with serum of SVA infected pig, indicating that nonstructural 3 A protein was a potential diagnostic maker for SVA serological testing, especially for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals. In addition, specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) 5A7 against 3 A protein was also prepared. Indirect immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting assay showed mAb 5A7 specifically reacted with SVA cultured in IBRS-2 cells. To characterize the epitope of mAb 5A7, serial truncated peptides of 3 A protein were prepared. Western blotting assay showed the epitope of mAb 5A7 was ⁵NDDTPVDEALGR¹⁶. Bioinformatic studies revealed that the epitopes are located on the extrinsic membrane domain of 3 A protein with good antigenicity. To sum up, SVA 3 A protein and its specific mAb 5A7 were successfully prepared in this study, which will contribute to biological function study of 3 A protein and the pathogenic mechanism of SVA, as well as the diagnosis and prevention of this disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"303 ","pages":"Article 110442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}