Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Emergence of carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii, Providencia rettgeri harboring blaNDM genes in minks from China","authors":"Asim Munir ,&nbsp;Yuetong Lv ,&nbsp;Ruilong Song ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Lu ,&nbsp;Zhichao Li ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Ruichao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although carbapenems have not been approved for animal use, carbapenem-resistant <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> (CRE) strains are increasingly being detected in animals, posing a significant public health risk. However, the epidemiological characteristics of CRE isolates in animals remain elusive. We comprehensively investigated the genetic features of carbapenem-resistant <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> isolates recovered from minks in Shandong province, China. A total of seven (38.8 %) NDM-positive isolates were identified including three <em>Morganella morganii,</em> three <em>Providencia rettgeri</em>, and one <em>Escherichia coli</em> from 18 samples comprises of mink feed, intestinal content, liver, spleen and lungs collected from four deceased minks. Among these isolates, only one carried the <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 gene, while the remaining six harbored the <em>bla</em>_NDM-1 gene and exhibited high levels of meropenem resistance (32–128 µg/mL). Genome sequencing confirmed that all <em>M. morganii</em> and <em>P. rettgeri</em> isolates harbored the chromosomally located <em>bla</em>_NDM-1 gene while the <em>E. coli</em> isolate belonging to ST602 harbored the <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 gene on ∼88 kb IncFII (pHN7A8) plasmid. To extent of our findings, this is the first discovery of carbapenem resistant <em>Enterobacteriaceae</em> in minks specifically the <em>E. coli</em> ST602 mink harboring the plasmid-mediated <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 gene. In addition to <em>E. coli,</em> we have also reported a novel ST214 in <em>P. rettgeri</em> isolates harbored <em>bla</em>_NDM-1 gene. Moreover, CTX-M-positive <em>E. coli</em> ST602 was also reported in wild birds from Chile while <em>E. coli</em> harboring <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 gene on IncFIA/IncFII plasmid was also reported from healthy individuals in China. So, the emergence of these antimicrobial resistance genes in minks and their close association with humans and animals is alarming. Our findings highlight the urgent need for further surveillance of bacterial resistance to last-resort antibiotics in the animal settings One Health approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in tests of phenotypic colistin resistance in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from poultry and their genetic diversity","authors":"Dagmara Stępień-Pyśniak ,&nbsp;Tomasz Hauschild ,&nbsp;Rafał Łopucki ,&nbsp;Urszula Kosikowska ,&nbsp;Jarosław Wilczyński ,&nbsp;Michał Brzeski ,&nbsp;Paulius Matusevičius ,&nbsp;Henrik Christensen","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colibacillosis is one of the most common health problems in poultry production and is associated with high economic losses. The purpose of this study was to determine the phenotypic and genotypic colistin resistance of <em>Escherichia coli</em> isolates obtained from clinical cases of colibacillosis in poultry, together with determination of their phylogenetic groups, and to compare the results of three tests based on the microdilution method for phenotypic evaluation of colistin susceptibility. In addition, to determine the risk to the poultry meat consumer, further analysis of <em>E. coli</em> isolates phenotypically and genotypically resistant to colistin was performed, including determination of their phenotypic and genotypic resistance to other antibiotics, the presence of selected potential virulence factors, and their sequence types. A total of 91 <em>E. coli</em> isolates from laying hens, breeding hens, broiler chickens, and turkeys were tested. Automated test yielded 53.8 % colistin-resistant isolates, while the other two phenotypic tests and the genetic analysis (<em>mcr-1</em> gene) showed 22 % resistant isolates. The 91 <em>E. coli</em> isolates represented phylogenetic groups D (36.2 %), A (26.4 %), B2 (26.4 %), and B1 (11 %). The <em>mcr-1</em>-positive <em>E. coli</em> isolates included 12 sequence types (ST10, ST95, ST355, ST428, ST744, ST57, ST69, ST117, ST156, ST349, ST410, and ST1196), showed the highest resistance to amoxicillin (100 %), doxycycline (100 %), enrofloxacin (85 %), chloramphenicol (75 %), and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (55 %) and had combination of resistance genes (<em>bla</em>_TEM, <em>tetA</em>, <em>tetB</em>, <em>aadA</em>, <em>strA</em>/<em>strB</em>, <em>aac(3)-II</em>, <em>aphA1</em>, <em>dhfrI, sul1</em>, <em>sul2</em>, <em>sul3</em>, <em>floR</em>, <em>cmlA, catA1</em>) and potential virulence factors (<em>iss</em>, <em>iucD</em>, <em>cvi</em>/<em>cva</em>, <em>tsh</em>, <em>irp2</em>, <em>vat</em>, <em>astA</em>, and <em>papC</em>). Among all phylogenetic groups, the <em>mcr-1</em>-positive <em>E. coli</em> isolates representing group B2 possessed the most potential virulence factors. Notably, the ST95 <em>E. coli</em> isolate represented phylogenetic group B2 and contained the <em>svg</em> and <em>mcr-1</em> genes, which could pose a real threat to humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of multidrug resistance and genomic analysis of azithromycin-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella from diverse sources in China, 2006–2018","authors":"Qiuping Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Wang ,&nbsp;Li Su ,&nbsp;Huanjing Sheng ,&nbsp;Yuchen Jin ,&nbsp;Wenjing Lu ,&nbsp;Hongyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Shenghui Cui ,&nbsp;Baowei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Azithromycin is commonly recommended for the treatment of invasive salmonellosis, although the emergence of azithromycin resistance has become a new public health issue, it was seldomly investigated in China. This study analyzed 1230 non-typhoidal <em>Salmonella</em> (NTS) isolates from diverse sources in China (2006–2018), identifying 101 azithromycin-resistant NTS isolated from chicken, pork and human with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 32–64 μg/mL of azithromycin across seven serotypes, primarily ST17 <em>S</em>. Indiana (n = 68) and ST52 <em>S</em>. Blockley (n = 26). All azithromycin-resistant NTS isolates exhibited multidrug resistance pattern with 48 isolates exhibited resistance to nine antibiotic categories. Genomic analysis identified six kinds of distinct macrolide resistance genes in azithromycin-resistant NTS isolates: <em>mph</em>(A) (n = 94), <em>mph</em>(<em>E</em>)-<em>msr</em>(E) (n = 4), <em>erm</em>(42) (n = 2), <em>erm</em>(G) (n = 1) and <em>erm</em>(T) (n = 1). <em>mph</em>(A) (93.07 %) was most prevalent and found within the genetic environment <em>mph</em>(A)<em>-mrx-mphR</em>(A)<em>-</em>IS<em>6100</em>. No mutation associated with azithromycin resistance was discovered in the 23S rRNA gene, and 50S ribosomal protein L22 and L4 encoding sequences. A total of 22 distinct plasmid replicons were identified, with IncX1 being the most prevalent (58.42 %, 59/101). Notably, <em>mph</em>(A) gene in all ST52 <em>S</em>. Blockley strains (n = 26) were exclusively located on the chromosome. In contrast, <em>mph</em>(A) in other six serotypes, and <em>erm</em>(42), <em>erm</em>(T), <em>mph</em>(<em>E</em>)-<em>msr</em>(E) were predicted to be on plasmids. Specifically, the <em>erm</em>(T) gene was associated with IncQ1 plasmids. These findings underscore the necessity of continuous surveillance of azithromycin resistance in NTS across the food chain to better understand and mitigate its potential public health impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase-5-producing Escherichia coli ST48 isolated from Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)","authors":"Gabriel Siqueira dos Santos ,&nbsp;André Luiz Mota da Costa ,&nbsp;Mariana Castilho Martins ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Hidalgo Friciello Teixeira ,&nbsp;Luciana Sartori ,&nbsp;Natália Carrillo Gaeta ,&nbsp;Gisele Oliveira de Souza ,&nbsp;José Soares Ferreira Neto ,&nbsp;Marcos Bryan Heinemann","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbapenemase-producing <em>Escherichia coli</em> are frequently related to healthcare-associated infections. Still, those have been reported from variable sources, including wild and zoo animals, posing a substantial threat to the conservation of animal species vulnerable to extinction. In this study, we reported an NDM-5-producing <em>E. coli</em> ST 48 isolated from rectal swab collected on April 21st, 2024 from a healthy Giant Anteater (<em>Myrmecophaga tridactyla</em>) in a Brazilian Zoo. The <em>E. coli</em> strain showed antimicrobial-resistant genes to quinolones, tetracyclines, and beta-lactams, including carbapenems, cephalosporins, and penicillins, besides a wide range of virulence factors encoding genes. Phylogenomic analysis showed that the NDM-5-producing <em>E. coli</em> ST48 strain clustered with lineages from Myanmar and China. Its <em>bla</em>_NDM-5 genetic context shared insertion sequences and adjacent genes with other ST48 strains. This is the first report of NDM-5-producing <em>E. coli</em> isolated from a zoo animal in Brazil, highlighting the potential to species conservation and the importance of monitoring antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in zoo animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bovine fecal samples from Lebanon","authors":"Jame Tannous ,&nbsp;Sandra Haddad ,&nbsp;Kelven Rahi ,&nbsp;Sergio Thoumi ,&nbsp;Alain Abi Rizk ,&nbsp;Marc Beyrouthy ,&nbsp;Charbel Al Khoury ,&nbsp;Sima Tokajian","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens human and animal health worldwide, driven by the spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. In Lebanon, inadequate surveillance and antibiotic misuse worsen the issue. Animal fecal material is an important reservoir of resistance genes and mobile elements. This study aims to address AMR in bovine feces. To achieve this, bovine fecal samples were collected from 24 farms in Lebanon. Sixty-two ESBL-producing bacteria were recovered on CHROMagar ESBL and whole-genome sequencing followed by <em>in silico</em> typing was used to determine the resistance genes, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements. Disk diffusion assay revealed the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (33/62) with <em>Escherichia coli</em> being the most common (37/62). Resistance to amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, and cefotaxime was detected in all 37 <em>E. coli</em> isolates, with one also exhibiting resistance to colistin. β-lactam resistance was primarily associated with <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-15 and <em>bla</em>_TEM-1B, while colistin resistance was linked to <em>mcr-1.1</em> on an IncHI2A/IncFIC multi-replicon plasmid. Plasmid typing identified 22 replicons, the most common being IncFIB and IncFII. Virulence factor analysis identified enterotoxin-encoding genes in one <em>E. coli</em> isolate, suggesting a potentially pathogenic strain with diarrheagenic properties among the recovered isolates. The findings of this study revealed highly resistant Gram-negative bacteria with plasmid-mediated resistance to critical antibiotics such as colistin, emphasizing the risks posed to human and livestock health. Comprehensive surveillance and responsible antibiotic use, guided by an integrated One Health approach, are essential steps to effectively tackle the interconnected challenges of AMR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brucella vulpis sp. nov. is attenuated in a BALB/c murine model of infection: Of mice and foxes","authors":"Agustín Rebollada-Merino ,&nbsp;María P. Jiménez de Bagüés ,&nbsp;Maykel A. Arias ,&nbsp;Axel Cloeckaert ,&nbsp;Michel S. Zygmunt","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brucellosis, caused by <em>Brucella</em> spp., is a zoonotic disease of global significance, affecting a wide range of animal hosts. Since the discovery of <em>Brucella</em> spp. in wildlife, novel bacteria belonging to the genus <em>Brucella</em> have been isolated across various terrestrial and aquatic animals. Among them are <em>Brucella vulpis</em> isolates F60^T and F965 cultured from two red foxes (<em>Vulpes vulpes</em>) tissues, classified within the <em>Brucella</em> genus in 2016; however, the behavior and pathogenic potential of <em>B. vulpis</em> in a mouse model have not been investigated yet. In this study, the virulence and serologic response of <em>B. vulpis</em> F60^T and F965 in BALB/c mice were investigated and compared using <em>B. suis</em> 1330, <em>B. microti</em> CCM 4915 and <em>Brucella</em> sp. 83–210 representative of phylogenetically more distant or non-core species, and previously shown to be also virulent in the mouse model. Our findings indicate that <em>B. vulpis</em> exhibits an attenuated infection pattern at 10⁴ CFU, with lower levels of persistence in the spleen and liver than <em>B. suis</em> 1330, <em>B. microti</em> CCM 4915, and <em>Brucella</em> sp. 83–210, and no associated mortality in mice. <em>B. vulpis</em> F60^T and F965 elicited a similar serologic response compared to <em>B. suis</em> 1330, <em>B. microti</em> CCM 4915, and <em>Brucella</em> sp. 83–210, based on an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). These results indicate that, in a mouse infection model, <em>B. vulpis</em> can replicate and is attenuated, at least for the isolates investigated, compared to the other virulent <em>Brucella</em> spp. studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of infectious novel goose parvovirus in the skin of duck carcass associated with residual feather burrs","authors":"Xin Du ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Gong ,&nbsp;Wenjun Dong ,&nbsp;Wanmei Li ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Jiang ,&nbsp;Yufeng Li ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Jianye Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the emergence of short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) among Cherry Valley ducks in China, duck carcasses associated with residual feather burrs have been frequently noticed. Novel goose parvovirus (NGPV) DNAs have been detected in the skins of these carcasses, however, whether NGPV present in these carcass skins is still viable remains unclear. In this study, skin samples were collected from duck carcasses with feather burrs at a local slaughterhouse. These samples were homogenized, and the sterilized homogenates were used to inoculate 9-day-old embryonated Cherry Valley duck eggs for viral isolation. Two NGPV isolates, designated as TX2302 and TX2309, were obtained and passaged in embryonated duck eggs. Their genomes were amplified by PCR, and the complete genome sequences were determined. In the phylogenetic tree constructed based on the coding protein sequences, TX2302 and TX2309 showed a closer genetic relationship with the NGPV strains isolated between 2019 and 2023. Experimental infection of 8-day-old Cherry Valley ducks with TX2302 reproduced clinical feathering disorders. Moreover, NGPV was detected in skins of the infected ducks until they reached 29 days of age. Overall, these results confirm the presence of infectious NGPV in the skin of duck carcass with feather burrs. Moreover, they demonstrate that NGPV infection alone can cause feathering disorders, potentially contributing to the formation of feather burrs in duck carcass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in grey wolves (Canis lupus) in southwestern Europe","authors":"Susana Remesar ,&nbsp;David Cano-Terriza ,&nbsp;Patrocinio Morrondo ,&nbsp;Álvaro Oleaga ,&nbsp;Barbara Moroni ,&nbsp;Nuno Santos ,&nbsp;Riccardo Orusa ,&nbsp;Lisa Guardone ,&nbsp;Pablo Díaz ,&nbsp;David García-Dios ,&nbsp;Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Joana Ferreira- e-Silva ,&nbsp;Moisés Gonzálvez ,&nbsp;Serena Robetto ,&nbsp;Ignacio García-Bocanegra","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Europe, studies on tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in wolves are limited, primarily focusing on one population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of TBPs in grey wolves (<em>Canis lupus</em>) from Spain (n = 129), Italy (n = 113), and Portugal (n = 43) between 2001 and 2023. The presence of <em>Anaplasma</em> spp., <em>Ehrlichia</em> spp., <em>Hepatozoon</em> spp. and piroplasm DNA was analyzed in spleen samples, and risk factors for <em>Hepatozoon canis</em> prevalence were evaluated using a generalized linear model<em>.</em> Overall, 93.3 % (266/285) wolves tested positive to at least one TBP, being <em>H. canis</em> the most prevalent (91.6 %). <em>Babesia canis</em> (1.8 %), <em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em> (1.4 %), and <em>Babesia capreoli</em> (0.7 %) were detected in small percentages and <em>Ehrlichia</em> spp. and <em>Theileria</em> spp. were not found. Coinfections involving <em>H. canis</em> + <em>B. canis</em> (1.8 %) as well as <em>A. phagocytophilum</em> + <em>B. capreoli</em> (0.4 %) were detected. <em>Hepatozoon canis</em> prevalence was significantly higher in Spain than in Portugal and it was higher in young compared to subadult individuals. The phylogenetic analysis showed the existence of well-defined clades of <em>H. canis</em>. The high prevalence of <em>H. canis</em> indicates that this pathogen is endemic in wolves from these three countries, whereas the importance of <em>Anaplasma</em>, <em>Ehrlichia</em> and piroplasm species seems to be negligible. Our results show a high nucleotide diversity among the <em>H. canis</em> sequences. In addition, our data reveals that wolves from the study countries are infected with TBPs, which could be of health concern. These findings highlight the importance of performing epidemiological studies in wildlife.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144253630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERK-mediated eIF2α phosphorylation suppresses porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by attenuating global protein synthesis and inducing IFN-Ⅰ production","authors":"Gan Yang ,&nbsp;Yu zhao ,&nbsp;Haoran Guo ,&nbsp;Pei Zhou ,&nbsp;Ling Dong ,&nbsp;Wentao Li ,&nbsp;Qigai He","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is one of the most important porcine pathogens for which no preventive and antiviral treatment measures are available. A pervious study revealed that the unfolded protein response (UPR) induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can be utilized to inhibit PEDV replication. Here, we demonstrated that the UPR suppresses the replication of multiple genotypes of PEDV in both Vero and swine testis (ST) cells, primarily through activation of the PERK-eIF2α branch among the three UPR pathways. The PERK-eIF2α pathway inducers CCT020312 and salubrinal efficiently inhibited the replication of multiple genotypes of PEDV in both Vero and ST cells, whereas the inhibitor AMG PERK 44 promoted PEDV replication. Furthermore, we found that PERK-eIF2α arm-mediated inhibition of PEDV replication is caused by phosphorylated eIF2α-induced attenuation of global protein translation. Additionally, phosphorylated eIF2α promotes NF-κB signaling activation and facilitates to the production of IFN-Ⅰ, eliciting innate immunity to suppress viral replication. These data show that PERK-eIF2α pathway dampens the replication of multiple genotypes of PEDV, suggesting that this target may be exploited to develop as a broad-spectrum anti-PEDV drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"307 ","pages":"Article 110559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring approaches and advancements in the development and evaluation of multi-epitope subunit vaccines against tick-borne viruses","authors":"Mourad Ben Said ,&nbsp;Myriam Kratou","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2025.110577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tick-borne viruses (TBVs) pose significant public health challenges worldwide, causing severe diseases such as hemorrhagic fevers and encephalitis. Given the limitations of existing therapeutic and preventive measures, the development of effective vaccines represents a critical strategy for controlling TBV-related infections. This review explores recent advancements in the design and evaluation of multi-epitope subunit vaccines targeting key TBVs, including hemorrhagic fever viruses (e.g., Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus), encephalitis viruses (e.g., West Nile virus, Tick-Borne Encephalitis virus), and emerging or less common TBVs (e.g., Banna virus, Yezo virus). Emphasis is placed on the application of immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology for the identification of epitopes capable of inducing robust humoral and cellular immune responses. We summarize epitope prediction methodologies, vaccine construct designs, immune simulation results, and molecular docking findings. While current studies demonstrate strong <em>in silico</em> potential, we underline the urgent need for experimental validation to support the clinical development of these vaccine candidates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 110577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}