Veterinary microbiology最新文献

{"title":"A replication-defective bivalent adenovirus-vectored vaccine provides robust and durable protection against both canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus","authors":"Ying Hu ,&nbsp;Xiaohu Han ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yifan Peng ,&nbsp;Chengguang Zhang ,&nbsp;Ming Zhou ,&nbsp;Ling Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) are highly contagious and often fatal pathogens in dogs. Current live-attenuated vaccines, while effective, carry the risk of virulence reversion. This study aimed to develop a safer, replication-defective bivalent vaccine using an adenovirus vector to simultaneously protect against both CDV and CPV. The recombinant vaccine, designated Ad5-(VP2 +H), was engineered to coexpress the CDV hemagglutinin (H) protein (CDV-H) and the CPV Viral Protein 2 (CPV-VP2). Its immunogenicity and protective efficacy were evaluated in mouse and canine models. The results demonstrated that Ad5-(VP2 +H) elicited a potent and durable antigen-specific immune response. Furthermore, compared with a commercially available live attenuated vaccine, the Ad5-(VP2 +H) candidate exhibited a superior safety profile. In conclusion, the adenovirus-vectored Ad5-(VP2 +H) vaccine is a promising and safer alternative for the simultaneous prevention of CDV and CPV in dogs. This approach addresses the key limitation of traditional live-attenuated vaccines by eliminating the risk of virulence reversion while providing effective immunity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a live-attenuated novel duck reovirus vaccine strain E232-P100 conferring complete protection in ducklings","authors":"Siying Fang,&nbsp;Chenchen Xu,&nbsp;Jiabin Zhang,&nbsp;Haiyang Yin,&nbsp;Wenjian Liu,&nbsp;Biao Xu,&nbsp;Jiajia Li,&nbsp;Phoo Eikari Kyaw,&nbsp;Shuhui Liu,&nbsp;Suquan Song,&nbsp;Liping Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel duck reovirus (NDRV) is a major pathogen that causes immunosuppression and secondary infections in ducklings, resulting in elevated mortality and severe economic losses to the global duck industry. However, there is currently no licensed vaccine available in China for the effective prevention and control of NDRV infections. To effectively control NDRV outbreaks, we developed a live-attenuated vaccine candidate against NDRV by serially passaging the NDRV E232 strain in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos and DF-1 cells. The resulting E232-P100 strain replicated efficiently in DF-1 cells, with viral titers reaching up to 10^7.0 TCID₅₀/0.2 mL. No clinical symptoms or pathological lesions were observed in two-day-old Cherry Valley ducklings inoculated with E232-P100, and no virulence reversion was observed after five rounds of in vivo back-passage in ducklings. The minimum protective dose of the attenuated E232-P100 strain was 10^3.0 TCID₅₀/0.2 mL. Evaluation of the onset of immune protection showed that complete protection was achieved by 5 days post-vaccination. Comparative genomic analysis revealed 18 amino acid substitutions between E232-P100 and the parental E232 strain, including three within the σC protein that are potentially associated with attenuation. Collectively, the E232-P100 strain represents a safe, stable, and highly protective live attenuated vaccine candidate for the prevention of NDRV infection, providing a promising foundation for the development of effective prevention strategies against NDRV epidemics in waterfowl populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotavirus C genotypes in pigs – On their occurrence and distribution in Europe","authors":"Belinda Euring ,&nbsp;Kristin Heenemann ,&nbsp;Michael Sieg ,&nbsp;Antje Rückner ,&nbsp;Daniel Piehler ,&nbsp;Bernd-Andreas Schwarz ,&nbsp;Angelika Auer ,&nbsp;Rene Renzhammer ,&nbsp;Jan Böhmer ,&nbsp;Kevin Meerbeek ,&nbsp;Thomas W. Vahlenkamp ,&nbsp;Maxi Harzer","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rotavirus C (RVC) is an enteric pathogen frequently found in pig holdings. It is known to cause mild to severe gastrointestinal symptoms especially in suckling and weaned piglets. As most of RVC strains cannot be propagated in cell culture, serological surveys and the development of autologous vaccines are hampered. In order to gain better insight into their diversity, genetic studies are therefore particularly useful for identifying RVC genotypes. In this study, the distribution of circulating RVC genotypes (G-types and P-types) was analysed in six countries in Central Europe. Our investigations revealed the occurrence of ten different G-types, 16 different P-types and 24 different G-P-combinations. The largest number of different genotypes was found in the regions with the highest pig densities. Overall, two clearly dominant genotypes both in the comparison of countries and federal states were identified: G6 and P21. Genotype P21 has so far only been detected in Europe. Focusing on coinfections, this study revealed the lowest coinfection rates within the most frequently detected two genotypes (G6 and P21). Overall, the study provides a unique dataset that raises further questions regarding the underlying reasons for the distribution of specific RVC strains and the notably low coinfection rates observed within certain genotypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal vaccination with gB adjuvanted by poly(I:C) induces complete protection against pseudorabies virus in swine","authors":"Shubin Li ,&nbsp;Yuye Liu ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingyu Gao ,&nbsp;Jiachen Liu ,&nbsp;Yifei Zhu ,&nbsp;Yulu Bao ,&nbsp;Yun Zhang ,&nbsp;Qian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an important swine pathogen causing severe economic losses worldwide. Nasal mucosa serves as the initial entry site for PRV, highlighting the importance of nasal mucosal immunity in limiting infection. Here, we investigated the immune responses and protection against PRV for the intranasal vaccination of glycoprotein B (gB) subunit vaccine adjuvanted with poly(I:C). In piglets, immunohistochemistry showed rapid uptake of the gB by the nasal mucosa within 2 h, supporting subsequent immune activation. Upon challenge with the PRV variant ZJ01, intranasal gB vaccination provided complete clinical protection with the absence of clinical signs, substantially reduced virus load in tissues and viral shedding, and no pathological lesions. Relative to intramuscular gB or the live attenuated Bartha-K61 vaccination, intranasal gB vaccination elicited stronger mucosal antibody responses and greater infiltration of CD3⁺ T cells, CD19⁺ B cells, and IgA-secreting cells in the nasal cavity. Notably, intranasal immunization followed by challenge promoted the formation of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) in the turbinate, providing a local niche for adaptive immune responses. Consistent with histological observation, transcriptomic profiling of nasal mucosa revealed activation of the IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways, which are implicated in the formation and maintenance of TLS. These findings demonstrate that intranasal gB vaccination might represent a promising mucosal vaccination strategy for controlling PRV infection in swine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146158530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome analysis of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from turkeys in Poland: Insights into global diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance","authors":"Marek Blanda ,&nbsp;Olimpia Kursa ,&nbsp;Joanna Kowalczyk ,&nbsp;Marcin Śmiałek","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale</em> (ORT) is an emerging avian respiratory pathogen of global concern, causing significant economic losses, particularly in turkeys. Although its distribution is worldwide, genomic data from different geographic regions remain scarce, limiting understanding of its genetic diversity, virulence-associated features, and antimicrobial resistance profiles. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing of 49 <em>O. rhinotracheale</em> isolates recovered from respiratory tract and joint lesions during outbreaks of ornithobacteriosis in turkeys in Poland to characterize sequence types and explore the genomic diversity and the distribution of virulence- and resistance-associated genes. Comparative multilocus sequence typing revealed high genetic heterogeneity, including three novel sequence types (ST46, ST50, ST51), highlighting ongoing local diversification within a globally distributed pathogen. Whole-genome core single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)–based phylogenetic analysis further resolved genetic relationships among isolates and identified major genomic clusters. Genomic profiling identified several virulence-associated genes and insertion sequences, including IS4351 and ISMlu9. Distinct resistance gene patterns observed between major STs (ST3, ST46) were observed. These findings provide new insights into the genomic diversity of <em>O. rhinotracheale</em> populations and contribute to a broader understanding of its epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance in poultry worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotavirus induces mucosal B-cell responses through the TLR3/TRIF and MAVS pathways","authors":"Rong-Rong Zhang,&nbsp;Yong-Yi Yang,&nbsp;Man Wang,&nbsp;Wen-Ru Yang,&nbsp;Riaz Muhammad Azeem,&nbsp;Fu-Xuan Niu,&nbsp;Ya-Xin Yang,&nbsp;Man-Jie Hu,&nbsp;Chun-Wei Shi,&nbsp;Gui-Lian Yang,&nbsp;Hai-Bin Huang,&nbsp;Jian-Zhong Wang,&nbsp;Yan-Long Jiang,&nbsp;Xin Cao,&nbsp;Nan Wang,&nbsp;Yan Zeng,&nbsp;Wen-Tao Yang,&nbsp;Chun-Feng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rotavirus (RV) infection is a zoonotic disease that causes severe diarrhea in young mammals and humans and is spreading globally. The TLR3/TRIF and RIG-I/MAVS signaling pathways are activated upon recognition of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and play crucial roles in the host antiviral response during RV infection. However, the mechanism by which RV induces B-cell immune responses through TLR3 and RIG-I signaling remains unclear. Here, T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing results revealed that TRIF gene deletion affects the frequency of complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) clones recognizing antigen peptides presented by MHC-II on B cells and the utilization of V and J genes in mouse CD4⁺ T cells. Specifically, a reduced frequency of germinal center (GC)-activated B cells was observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of TLR3^-/-, TRIF^-/-, and MAVS^-/- mice. Similarly, the levels of antibodies secreted by B cells in serum and CD138⁺IgA⁺ cells in the small intestine decreased. The simultaneous absence of the TLR3 and MAVS genes weakened the proliferative capacity of B cells. This study elucidates the mechanism by which RV regulates B-cell immunity through the TLR3/TRIF and MAVS signaling pathways, providing theoretical basis for novel vaccine development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenicity assessment of Spanish West Nile virus isolates of lineages 1 and 2 in a Swiss mouse model","authors":"Raúl Fernández-Delgado ,&nbsp;Rafael Gutiérrez-López ,&nbsp;David Romero-Trancón ,&nbsp;Pilar Aguilera-Sepúlveda ,&nbsp;Desirée Dafouz-Bustos ,&nbsp;Núria Busquets ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero ,&nbsp;Francisco Llorente","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>West Nile virus (WNV) is one of the most widespread emerging arboviruses in the world. Recently, Europe has undergone a significant increase in WNV incidence and geographic extension, with two genetic lineages, lineage 1 and lineage 2, actively circulating. In Spain, lineage 1 was first identified in 2007, and subsequently spread through the southwest and central regions of the country. Since 2010, it has affected both horses and humans (mainly in southern Spain), including two large human outbreaks of WNV meningoencephalitis in 2020 and 2024. Lineage 2 was first identified in Catalonia (northeastern Spain) in 2017, spreading through this region, primarily affecting birds, but with low incidence in humans and horses. In this study, the infectivity and disease severity of Spanish WNV isolates obtained between 2007 and 2020, representing both the southwestern and northeastern variants, was examined by <em>in vivo</em> inoculation in mice, with the aim of inferring their pathogenicity in mammalian hosts. The results demonstrated that the analysed isolates from northeastern Spain consistently induced lower virulence profiles in mice compared to the isolates from the southwest. Differences in mortality rates, median survival times, and survival curves, the latter being statistically significant allowed the classification of northeastern (lineage 2) and southwestern (lineage 1) Spanish isolates as moderately virulent and highly virulent, respectively. <em>In vitro</em> replication assays did not reveal significant differences between the Spanish isolates. Although biological and genetic differences between species could limit the extrapolation of mice data to other mammals, our findings are consistent with virulence patterns observed in humans and horses in the geographic regions where the examined isolates originated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TANK-binding Kinase 1 regulates the intracellular survival of Brucella","authors":"Zhiqiang Li ,&nbsp;Shuli Wang ,&nbsp;Ruirui Li ,&nbsp;Yanyan Cui ,&nbsp;Jinliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Junfang Hao ,&nbsp;Huijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Qifeng Li ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Brucella</em>, the causative agent of brucellosis, is a globally important intracellular pathogen. TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), a key component of the type I interferon induction pathway, is known to play a critical role in controlling intracellular bacterial infections. However, the function of TBK1 during <em>Brucella</em> infection remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of TBK1during <em>Brucella</em> infection. We observed that <em>Brucella</em> infection upregulates TBK1 expression in macrophages. Using TBK1-targeting small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and overexpression approaches, we examined how TBK1 regulates the intracellular survival of <em>Brucella</em>. Results demonstrated that TBK1 knockdown significantly promoted intracellular bacterial growth and reduced the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Conversely, TBK1 overexpression inhibited intracellular <em>Brucella</em> growth and enhanced the secretion of these cytokines. Moreover, <em>Brucella</em> infection also stimulated TBK1 expression in mice, and TBK1 knockout promoted bacterial survival <em>in vivo</em>. Furthermore, during <em>Brucella</em> infection, TBK1 inhibition significantly suppressed NF-κB activity, whereas TBK1 overexpression enhanced it. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that TBK1 acts as an essential regulator of <em>Brucella</em> survival and growth both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. The mechanism by which TBK1 induces pro-inflammatory cytokines and activates NF-κB warrants further investigation to elucidate its role in bacterial intracellular persistence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110904"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of genetic diversity and pathogenicity of porcine rotavirus A, and immunogenicity of a bivalent inactivated vaccine in southern China","authors":"Guangli Hu ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Liguo Gao ,&nbsp;Rui Geng ,&nbsp;Shengjin Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongchang Cao ,&nbsp;Hanqin Shen ,&nbsp;Chunyi Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine group A rotavirus (PoRVA) is a widespread enteric pathogen that causes severe diarrheal outbreaks in swine herds, leading to considerable economic losses in China’s pig farming industry. From 2022–2024, a systematic surveillance was conducted across southern China, during which 5425 diarrheic samples were collected to assess the epidemiology of PoRVA. The results showed that PoRVA infections peaked in winter and spring, with monthly positivity rates ranging from 36 % to 68 % in southern regions. Genotyping of 103 VP4/VP7 sequences revealed the predominant VP7 genotypes G5 (43.69 %), G4 (23.39 %), and G9 (15.53 %), as well as the major VP4 genotypes P[13] (68.93 %), P[6] (10.68 %), and P[23] (9.71 %). Two PoRVA strains were successfully isolated from positive intestinal samples collected in Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces, designated RVA/Pig/China/JS/2024/G9P[23] (JS2024) and RVA/Pig/China/GD/2024/G5P[13] (GD2024), respectively. Experimental infection demonstrated that both isolates caused severe watery diarrhea in 3-day-old colostrum-deprived piglets, resulting in mortality rates of 40 % (2/5) for JS2024 and 20 % (1/5) for GD2024. A bivalent inactivated vaccine prepared with the two isolates (10^8 TCID₅₀/mL per antigen, administered twice at a 14-day interval) elicited robust neutralizing antibody responses against both G5 and G9 genotypes. Furthermore, maternal immunization with the bivalent vaccine in pregnant sows resulted in efficient transfer of maternal antibodies to neonatal piglets. Piglets born to vaccinated sows exhibited significantly higher pre-challenge neutralizing antibody titers, developed only mild clinical diarrhea following JS2024 or GD2024 challenge, displayed substantially reduced fecal viral shedding, and showed 100 % survival, in contrast to unvaccinated litters, which experienced severe diarrhea, high viral loads, and mortality. Collectively, these findings suggest that both isolates are promising vaccine candidates and provide essential data for future PoRVA prevention and control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From association to action: Advancing microbiome evidence toward decision-grade insights in Japanese encephalitis virus research","authors":"M. Vijayasimha ,&nbsp;M. Srikanth","doi":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetmic.2026.110901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23551,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary microbiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 110901"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}